高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)名詞、代詞、冠詞、數(shù)詞課件

1、高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)之詞性復(fù)習(xí)冠詞不定冠詞：a, an定冠詞：the冠詞：虛詞，主要用于名詞前，不能脫離名詞獨(dú)立存在冠詞的分類：1 My brother was born in _ spring of 1990.2 I like _ music, especially _ music of the film.3 If you let me make a choice between Jane and Anne, I would say Jane is _ better one to be my assistant.4 How sweetly she sings! I have never heard

2、_ better voice.5 Beijing is _ second largest city in China.6 My trip to Tibet was really _ unforgettable experience.7 His mothers sudden death came to him as _ shock.8 This watch is _ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.9 I think it really _ honor for me to speak her

3、e.10 This lab used to be in _ charge of Mr. Wang.the/thetheatheanaananthe名詞高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)之詞性復(fù)習(xí)一.名詞的分類 類別 定義 例詞普通名詞專有名詞可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞集體名詞物質(zhì)名詞抽象名詞用來(lái)指單個(gè)人或事物的名詞。用來(lái)指一群人或一些事物總稱的名詞。用來(lái)指無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì)，材料的名詞。用來(lái)指人或事物的品質(zhì)，情感，狀態(tài)，動(dòng)作等抽象概念的名詞。用來(lái)專門(mén)指代某一個(gè)人，物，地點(diǎn)，機(jī)構(gòu)，組織等名詞。首字母一般要大寫(xiě)。student treepublic, family, policesnow, water, steelin

4、dependence, love, anger, The Great Wall, WTO大多數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)直接加s.以s, x, ch, sh,結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加es. stomach-stomachs, 3. 以O(shè)結(jié)尾的詞： hero-heroes, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanos/volcanoes mango-mangos/mangoes, motto-mottos/mottoes kilo-kilos, piano-pianos, bamboo-bamboos, photo-pho

5、tos, tobacco-tobaccos, zoo-zoos, radio-radios, 二.名詞的復(fù)數(shù)4. 以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞大多數(shù)把f，fe改成ves. leaf-leaves half-halves wife-wives knife-knives shelf-shelves wolf-wolves thief-thieves life-lives直接+s:roof-roofs(屋頂)safe-safes(保險(xiǎn)箱)chief-chiefscliff-cliffsbelief-beliefsreef-reefs5. 輔音+y結(jié)尾，去y改i加es eg: baby-babies, cit

6、y-cities, factory-factories特殊 單復(fù)數(shù)同形： sheep, fish, deer, Chinese, Swiss, Japanese, means方法，crossroads十字路口，works 工廠 species種類，headquarters總部 man-men, tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, goose-geese, child-children, ox-oxen,medium-media, phenomenon-phenomena, basis-bases, crisis-crisesman worker-men workers, edit

7、or-in-chief-editors-in-chiefdaughter-in-law-daughters-in-lawgo-betweengo-betweens(中間人)forget-me-not-forget-me-nots(勿忘我)有特殊含義的復(fù)數(shù) brain腦-brains 智力，腦力 green綠色-greens 蔬菜 sand沙子-sands 沙漠 look看-looks 外貌 spirit精神-spirits 情緒 pain痛苦-pains辛苦，努力 water 水-waters 領(lǐng)海，水域 custom 風(fēng)俗-customs 海關(guān) force 武力-forces 軍隊(duì) clot

8、h布-clothes衣服 work 工作-works著作，工廠 manner 態(tài)度,方式-manners 禮貌 good 好處-goods貨物 paper 紙-papers 論文 wood 木材-woods 森林 ruin 毀滅-ruins 廢墟兩種構(gòu)成方式：1 . 名詞+s名詞+of+名詞eg: my fathers wish my boss plan the title of the novel the universitys president the president of the university三.名詞的所有格Can you tell the difference?Henry

9、, John and Roberts factoryHenrys, Johns and Roberts factories代詞高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)之詞性復(fù)習(xí)代詞人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞指示代詞疑問(wèn)代詞不定代詞關(guān)系/連接代詞Pronouns相互代詞 人稱代詞 物主代詞 反身 代詞 主格 賓格 形容詞性名詞性Iyouhesheitweyoutheymeyouhimheritusyouthemmyyourhisheritsouryourtheirmineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirsmyselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyours

10、elvesthemselves指示代詞:疑問(wèn)代詞:相互代詞：關(guān)系/連接代詞:what, who, which, whose, whom, whateverthis, that, these, those, such, sothat, which, who, whose, whom, as, what, whatever 不定代詞:something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody, either, neither, both ,all, any, every, none, some ano

11、ther, other, the other, otherseach other, one anotherTo his delight, Tom quickly earned the trust of his girlfriend and then that of _ parents. He had a deep voice, which set _ apart form others in our small town.On my desk is a photo that my father took of _ when I was a baby.Even though golfers pl

12、ay on the same course, _ are just competing one another with their scores.The fruits are small in size, but juicy and tasty. There are so many that we often share _ with our neighbors.By that time, the panda no longer needed _ mother for food.My thanks should go to those inspiring _ to go ahead and

13、giving me support as well.herhimmetheythemitsme1My daughter often makes a schedule to get _ reminded of what she is to do in the day. Much as I am fond of her, I cant express _in words.He is thought to have acted foolishly. Now he has no one but _ to blame for losing the job.When we look at someone,

14、 maybe even_ , we see the external clay.She must be shy. You may be shy _.Only human beings can choose where and how they want to live and then improve the physical environment to help _ realize these choices.herselfmyselfhimselfourselvesyourselfthemselves2反身代詞可作賓/表語(yǔ)，可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)，但不能作主語(yǔ)。(如果賓語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)指同一個(gè)人

15、，考慮用反身代詞）by oneself獨(dú)自，親自of oneself 自動(dòng)地help oneself to隨便吃/用teach oneself自學(xué)say to oneself 自言自語(yǔ)seat oneself 就坐be not oneself身體不舒服for oneself 親自in oneself 本質(zhì)上，本身enjoy oneself玩得開(kāi)心make oneself at home別客氣think for oneself獨(dú)立思考come to oneself蘇醒，恢復(fù)知覺(jué)behave oneself舉止規(guī)矩表示兩者和多者的不定代詞 1. If you cant decide which o

16、f the two books to borrow, why dont you take _? I wont read them this week. A. all B. any C. either D. both2. You may drop in or just give me a call. _ will do A. Either B. Each C. Neither D. All3. -Which driver was to blame? -Why, _! It was the childs fault. He suddenly came out between two parked

17、cars. A. both B. each C. either D. neitherDAD3 表示兩者“都”用both， 表示兩者“都不”用neither， 表示兩者中的“任一”用either。Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost _of her enthusiasm for life.My uncle all came along with bows and arrows for hunting _ of the arrows hit the target._ the flowers

18、 are gone.所有的花都謝了I dont like _ of the flowers.這些花我都不喜歡I like _ of the flowers.這些花我都不喜歡The meeting will be held in September, but _ knows the date for sure.nobody/no one表多者“都”用all，表多者“都不”用none,指人或物，可以+of no one只能指人(=nobody)，不能+of短語(yǔ)， 表示多者中的“任一”用any。4nonenoneAll any noneit，that, one, the one（用來(lái)代替前文提到的名

19、詞時(shí)）1. The Parkers bought a new house but _will need a lot of work before they can move in. 2. Few pleasures can equal _of a cool drink on a hot day.3. The umbrella you bought is cheaper than _ I bought.5. This is the right _ that suits you well.6. He is the teacher, _ who is loved by the students. i

20、tthatthatonethe one it指同類同物; one/that則指同類不同物。2. one:泛指，可指代人或物，一般帶前置定語(yǔ)3. That：特指，指物，可帶后置定語(yǔ)（無(wú)前置定語(yǔ)）4. the one特指，具體的一個(gè)人或物51. Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. those2. Weve been looking at houses but havent found _we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. them3. Why dont we take a little break? Didnt we just have _? A. it B. that C. one D. thisOne studentanother studentSome studentsothers/other students.Onethe other(兩個(gè)中)Others表示泛指, the others特指The other+可數(shù)名詞單/復(fù)數(shù); else只放在不定代詞或疑問(wèn)代詞之后 another, the other, others, the o