高中英語(yǔ)七選五解題技巧

1、第 第 1頁(yè) 共 頁(yè)高考英語(yǔ)閱讀七選五高考英語(yǔ)閱讀七選五題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上的聯(lián)系，理解句子之間、段落之間的關(guān)系，對(duì)諸如連貫性、一致性等語(yǔ)段特征有較強(qiáng)的意識(shí)和熟練的把握，并具備運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)分析理解長(zhǎng)難句的能力?？梢哉f(shuō)，此題型是對(duì)語(yǔ)言能力和閱讀理解能力的綜合測(cè)試。七選五閱讀6 大解題方略：基礎(chǔ)差也可得滿分略讀文章抓大意即以最快的速度跳躍式地瀏覽文章的大小標(biāo)題、首段、每段的首句，以及表示句、段關(guān)系的連接性詞語(yǔ) （特別是 however,but 等后的內(nèi)容）等重要部分，以了解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容大意。事實(shí)上，一般只需花5 10 秒閱讀大小標(biāo)題和第一段首尾句即可。重點(diǎn)閱讀上下

2、句因?yàn)檎_選項(xiàng)必定會(huì)與上下句之間語(yǔ)義銜接、邏輯通順，解題時(shí)大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本確定答案。事實(shí)上， 如果沒(méi)有時(shí)間來(lái)得及通讀或細(xì)讀，或者基礎(chǔ)不夠扎實(shí)即使讀也讀不懂，建議通過(guò)以下技巧，也基本上可以得滿分?？纯唇Y(jié)構(gòu)變輕松在解題過(guò)程中，除了每做一道有把握的題后就在7 個(gè)選項(xiàng)中將其畫掉縮小范圍外，通過(guò)觀察語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)也可將選擇范圍大大縮小，心情變得更加輕松，一般可將7 個(gè)選項(xiàng)縮小到2 4 個(gè)選項(xiàng)，碰對(duì)的機(jī)率大大提高。（1）標(biāo)題結(jié)構(gòu)如果考查段落標(biāo)題，先看看其他標(biāo)題的語(yǔ)言形式，同一文章中的幾個(gè)段落小標(biāo)題基本上是同一語(yǔ)言形式。如果其他標(biāo)題是名詞短語(yǔ)，該題答案也是名詞短語(yǔ)；如果其他標(biāo)題是祈使句，該題的答

3、案也是祈使句。如：The basic function of money.Being explaining the basic function of money Money lessons.Approach money lessons with openness 74Begin at the grocery store. Pick out similar brands of a product-a name brand butter and a generic（ 無(wú)商 標(biāo)產(chǎn)品 ）, for example. You can show your child how to make choice

4、s between different brands of a product so that you can save money. （2011 新課標(biāo)卷）Wise decisions.The value of money.解析：本題要求選小標(biāo)題。觀察其他標(biāo)題，都是名詞短語(yǔ)，因此，本標(biāo)題也應(yīng)是名詞短語(yǔ)；七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有A、 B 兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)是名詞短語(yǔ)，這樣就可大大縮小選擇范圍；瀏覽兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)，再看空后文字，發(fā)現(xiàn)decisions 與 choices大意相同（近義詞 ）Money MattersParents should help their children understand money. 1

5、 So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.The basic function of moneyBegin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded

6、 for the things he wants to have.If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier（ 收銀員 ）.2 When your child grows a bit olderand understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.Money lessonsApproach money lesson

7、s with openness and honesty. 3 If you must say no to a child s request to spendmoney, explain, You have enough toy trucks for now. Or, if the request is for many different things, say, have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.4Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a p

8、roduct a name-brand butter and a generic （ 無(wú)商標(biāo) 產(chǎn)品 ）， for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. 5 If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the m

9、ore expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.A Wise decisionsB The value of moneyC Permit the child to choose between them.D Tell your child why he can or cannot have certain things.Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.Talk about how the money bought the t

10、hing after you leave the toy store.The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.（2）句子結(jié)構(gòu)如果正確選項(xiàng)只是某個(gè)句子的一個(gè)部分，就要看看空后這個(gè)部分是不是句子，如果是句子，看看是否有連詞，如果沒(méi)有連詞，要選的正確選項(xiàng)就應(yīng)是短語(yǔ)或是帶有連詞的從句。如：Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length o

11、f the runs. 36 , buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find. （2015 新課標(biāo)卷II）After six daysFor a good marathon runnerBefore you begin your trainingE. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them解析：從句式結(jié)構(gòu)上看，逗號(hào)后是祈使句，沒(méi)有連詞，正確答案要么是帶有連詞的從句，要么是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，只有A、 B、 C、 E四個(gè)選項(xiàng)符合，這樣就縮小了選擇范圍；根據(jù)空前句

12、中的preparation （準(zhǔn)備），和常識(shí)可知是訓(xùn)練前 4. 詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)顯神功作者或說(shuō)話人在談?wù)撃硞€(gè)話題或主題時(shí)，與主題相關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)必定會(huì)以原詞、同義詞或近義詞等形式在上下文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，這種現(xiàn)象叫詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)。同一個(gè)詞的重復(fù)出現(xiàn)叫原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)；以同義詞的形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，叫同義復(fù)現(xiàn)；以近義詞或近義表達(dá)（意思相近，表達(dá)方式不同）的形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，叫近義復(fù)現(xiàn)；以詞義相同而詞性不同的形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，叫同根復(fù)現(xiàn)。還有上義詞與下義詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)（adult 是 teacher,parent 的上義詞，而teacher,parent就是adult 的下義詞）。詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)是語(yǔ)篇銜接的一個(gè)重要手段，而七選五正是考查語(yǔ)篇銜接，因此，利用

13、詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)解七選五十分管用。在近五年的8 套全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷共40 道題中有13 道題利用這一招可直接選出答案，利用這一招可將選項(xiàng)縮小到2 個(gè)選項(xiàng)的還有5 道，也就是說(shuō)，平均起來(lái)，幾乎有一半的題僅用這一招就可解決。如：39 If you veb een betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there asd ifference between being a victim and living with a victim mentality 新課標(biāo)卷 . （20I）1 5A. Learn to really trust you

14、rself.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.Remember that you can expect the best in return.解析：要求選段落主題句?？蘸缶淙纬霈F(xiàn)victim 一詞 , 七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有選項(xiàng)C 中有 victim ，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。將選項(xiàng)C不要把自己 TOC o 1-5 h z 當(dāng)作受害者 代入空格處，與下文銜接緊密，故選C 項(xiàng)。本段結(jié)構(gòu)：總（總領(lǐng) ） 分 （細(xì)說(shuō)）。值得注意的是，有的題利用詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)解題十分管用，但這并不意味著凡與上句或下句有復(fù)現(xiàn)詞的選項(xiàng)就一定是正確選項(xiàng)，只是正確的可能性更大，在解題過(guò)程中需重點(diǎn)考慮或優(yōu)選考慮而

15、已。是否為正確答案，還得將含復(fù)現(xiàn)詞的選項(xiàng)代入原文，看該選項(xiàng)與上下文是否真的銜接，只有上下銜接緊密的才是正確選項(xiàng)。如：38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. （2015 新課標(biāo)卷I）Learn to really trust yourself.It is putting confidence in someone.Stop regarding yourself

16、as the victim.解析：要求選段落主題句。不要因?yàn)檫x項(xiàng)B 與空后句中都有confidence ，原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)就選B ，也不要因?yàn)檫x項(xiàng)C 中與空后句中都有yourself，原詞復(fù)就選C。選項(xiàng)A中的 trust yourself 與空格后的Having confidence in yourself（ 信任你自己）是同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，所以該選項(xiàng)是重點(diǎn)考慮對(duì)象；將選項(xiàng)A代入原文，上下句意為學(xué)會(huì)真正地信任你自己。信任你自己有助于做出更好的選擇 語(yǔ)義銜接緊密Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we ga

17、in from past experiences, That is a risk. But you can t be successful whethere s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfort unately, we ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we ve been suffer from, lied to ,

18、misled, or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can t trust anymore, It s understandable,you re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices b

19、ecause you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.If you ve been betrayed, you are thteimv icof your circumstance. But there s a difference between beinga victim and living with a victim mentality At. some point in all of our lives, we llh ave our trust tested or violated.You did

20、n t lose everything . Once trust is lost, whast eisa dleoftf?l oInoking at the situation from this nstead, it s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. A. Learn to really trust yourself.B. It is putting confidence in someone.C Stop regarding yo

21、urself as the victim.D Remember that you can expect the best in return.E Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happene

22、d.BEACG5. 代詞邏輯亦管用我們知道，七選五就是考查上下文之間的銜接，而代詞是語(yǔ)篇銜接的重要手段之一，故解題中要善于利用這一銜接手段。如：Try to solve the problem. After youa ndrey ocaul mhave support from adults and friends, it s time to get down tobusiness. 74 Even if you can t solve it all, you can solve a piece of it. （201新課標(biāo)卷2）Ah, it feels so good when the st

23、ress is gone.You need to figure out what the problem is.And don t forget about your friends.解析：本段主題句是 Tryto solve the problem ，空后句又有 solve it，其中 it 指什么？當(dāng)然是the problem，因此，前句中一定會(huì)出現(xiàn) problem 一詞，七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有E 項(xiàng)符合。根據(jù)空格句與上下句之間的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)解題，如解釋關(guān)系（對(duì)前句或?qū)χ黝}的進(jìn)一步解釋）、并列關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系等。如： Get a coach51 , so get help. Sin

24、ce there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that新課標(biāo)卷 s right forII ）y ou. （2013Turn your back on too many rulesCheck the rules about dos and don tsWhatever the presentation,

25、public speaking is tough解析：由空后的so（因此，引出結(jié)果）可知，空處要填的應(yīng)是要得到幫助 的原因；選項(xiàng)E 中 public speaking is tough （當(dāng)眾演講是困難的 ）正是尋求幫助的原因。（因果邏輯關(guān)系）Public Speaking Training Get a coach1 so get help.Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses,here are some th

26、ings to look for when deciding the training thats right for you Focus on positivesAny training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you arent doing well. 2, so

27、good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldnt do 3 If you find a public speaking course that looks as thoughits going to give you lots of dos and donts ,walk away ! Yourbrain is so full of what youre going to be talking about 4 .As far as were concerned

28、,there are basicallyno hard and fast rules about public speaking Your audience can be your friendsYou are a special person not a cloneMost importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits5 Your training courseshould help you bring out your p

29、ersonality, not try to turn you into someoneyoure notA.You arent like anybody elseYou already do lots of things wellTurn your back on too many rulesCheck the rules about dos and dontsE.Whatever the presentation, public speaking is toughThe one thing you dont want is for them to fall asleepSo trying

30、to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse 6. 篇章需要基本功有的題利用文章或段落的總 分 結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系來(lái)解，也很管用，但需要以下基本功：懂得整篇文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)或段落的語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)通常是主題句（總 ）+支撐句（分 ）（分述主題的具體內(nèi)容/說(shuō)明原因/舉例證明等）。如：From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don t cook more onfteeyn,: aanbdil itiym, em. o36 Money is a topic

31、 I ll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. （2014 新課標(biāo)卷II）Try new things.Ability is easily improved.Make three or four instead.解析：空前主題句中提到ability,money, time 三個(gè)主要原因，空后提到了money與 time, 所以這里應(yīng)是談ability,眾所周知，有問(wèn)就有答，問(wèn)什么

32、就答什么。根據(jù)這一常識(shí)，對(duì)解題也很有幫助。如：The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. （2014 新課標(biāo)卷I）We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that d

33、on t yet exist?G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.解析：由空后By doing sth. （通過(guò)做某事）這個(gè)表示方式的介詞短語(yǔ)可知，此空應(yīng)該是一個(gè)以how開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句，此外，有時(shí)利用詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)也有助于選出正確選項(xiàng)。所謂詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)，就是有相互關(guān)聯(lián)的詞語(yǔ)在上下文中有同時(shí)出現(xiàn)的可能性。如 school, teacher, student, headmaster, class, test, fall, pass,maths, learn等這些詞就有可能在同一篇文章中同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。如

34、：Your children need to be deeply curious. 37 Ask kids, Whta ingredients（配料 ） can we add to make these pancakes even better next time? 新課標(biāo)卷 （2014 I）Encourage kids to cook with you.And we can t forget science education.We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.解析：與空后句中的ingredients（

35、配料）， pancakes（薄煎餅）可能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)的，只有選項(xiàng)？The jobs of the future have not been invented,1:By helping them develop classic skills that will servethem well no matter what the future holds.CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious. 2 Ask kids, What ingredient s（配料） can we add to make thesepancakes even bet

36、ter next time and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 3 There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materia

37、ls to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their Creativity.Interpersonal SkillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what is going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation a

38、nd jumping to false conclusions. 4Why do you think she is crying? te ll hCoawn tyhoaut man is feeling by looking at hisface? If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?Self Expression5 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas a? music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You

39、may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A Encourage kids to cook with you.B And we can t forget science education.C We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don xist? t yet eGardening is another great act

40、ivity for helping kids develop this skill.We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.高考英語(yǔ)七選五閱讀解題的十大技巧技巧一：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷 因果關(guān)系在做題時(shí)最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意思，然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項(xiàng)中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上，判斷它們之間的關(guān)系來(lái)進(jìn)一步

41、確認(rèn)答案。因果關(guān)系主要指前后的句子有著原因和結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系，這種關(guān)系往往說(shuō)明了前因后果或者前果后因等情況。表示因果關(guān)系的連詞有as a result結(jié)果， thus/therefore 因此， so (such).如此 以至于等。技巧二：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系主要指英語(yǔ)行文中后句對(duì)前句構(gòu)成逆轉(zhuǎn)邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)，則空格處很有可能是個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯的句子。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞有：However 然而 , nevertheless 仍然，然而，不過(guò), nonetheless盡管如此，依然，然而, still 還；然而, though 可是，不過(guò)，然而, yet 然

42、而 , in spite of 不顧，不管, at any rate無(wú)論如何，至少, in any case 無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣, whoever 無(wú)論是誰(shuí), whatever 無(wú)論什么，on thecontrary 正相反 , in contrast 與此相反, 相比之下, by contrast 相反 , 相比之下, in comparison 比較起來(lái)，比較地, by comparison 相比之下, conversely 相反（地 ）, otherwise 否則；除此以外，notbut不是 而是， as well 也等。技巧三：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷 例證關(guān)系前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式多樣，但就其本質(zhì)而言無(wú)非是思維上的形象（例子、類比等）和抽象（觀點(diǎn)）的辯證關(guān)系，用到的思維過(guò)程無(wú)非就是基本的歸納（從例子到觀點(diǎn)）和推理（從觀點(diǎn)到例子）。技巧四：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系遞進(jìn)關(guān)系主要指英語(yǔ)行文中