高中英語新課標(biāo)外研版必修2教案10

1、Period 2 Grammar 1; Grammar 2 整體設(shè)計(jì)教材分析This period is composed of two parts. The first part is Grammar 1, which is mainly designed to help the students review the adverbial clause of time. So if the students are clear about the concept of this grammar item, you can just let them complete the three ac

2、tivities on students book. Firstly, lead the students to read four sentences from the reading and vocabulary part and answer the following questions which may help the students to summarize the rules of the adverbial clause of time. And then they complete the second activity individually or in pairs

3、. Thirdly, have the students to make up sentences with the help of the given notes in the third activity. Whats more, you can also ask the students to work in groups and brainstorm as many such sentences they have learnt before as possible. You can also hold a competition to consolidate their knowle

4、dge on this grammar item. If the students are lack of relative knowledge, the teacher can first help them get to know about this grammar item and make sure they recognize the common conjunctions.The second part to be dealt with is Grammar 2. First have the students read the given sentences in activi

5、ty one and find out which tenses are respectively used in the independent sentences as well as the dependent sentences. Then the students read the two pairs of sentences 1 / 21 and answer the following questions in order to tell the differences between the simple past tense and the past perfect tens

6、e. Next, the students need to complete the third and fourth activities individually or in pairs to deepen their understanding of the uses of the simple past tense and the past perfect tense. If the class is of higher level, the teacher can design more activities for the students to practice. 三維目標(biāo) 1.

7、 學(xué)問與技能 1Develop the students reading ability. 2Enlarge and enrich the students grammar knowledge.2. 過程與方法 1Explanations to make the students master the two grammar items.2Make the students know how to make use of the adverbial clause of time as well as the past perfect tense correctly through indivi

8、dual or pair work.3. 情感與價(jià)值 1Make it fun to cooperate with others. 2Try to raise the students cooperative awareness in their study by pair work or group work. 教學(xué)重點(diǎn) 1. Learn to research by cooperation. 2. Learn to make use of the adverbial clause of time as well as the 2 / 21 past perfect tense correc

9、tly. 教學(xué)難點(diǎn)1. Lead the students to take an active part in class.2. Make the students learn how to use the adverbial clause of time as well as the past perfect tense correctly. 教學(xué)過程Step 1 Review and Lead-in Option 1Dictation The teacher reads out the following and the students have a dictation.Words: a

10、udience, choir, classical, composer, conductor, jazz, musician, orchestra, saxophone, court, director, genius, lose, musical, peasant, symphony, talent, Austria, prince, compose, tour Option 2Translation Ask the students to translate the following sentences in the table into Chinese, using the phras

11、es learnt last class.1. 湯姆做作業(yè)時(shí)常常聽流行音樂；2. 魯迅作為作家而著名；3. 那次勝利的冒險(xiǎn)行動(dòng)令很多人深受感動(dòng)；4. 我把十美元換成人民幣；5. 他既有學(xué)問又有體會(huì)；6. 他將舉辦音樂會(huì)；7. 在白天其余的時(shí)間里,他復(fù)習(xí)功課；3 / 21 Suggested answers: 1. Tom often listens to pop music while doing his homework.2. Lu Xun is known as a writer. 3. Many people were impressed by the success of the ad

12、venture.4. I change ten dollars into Renminbi. 5. He has experience as well as knowledge. 6. He will give a concert. 7. In the rest of the day, he reviewed his lessons. Step 2 Grammar 1 1. The teacher may first show some sentences easy to understand on the screen and let the students read them indiv

13、idually and carefully, paying much attention to the phrases or sentences in bold. Then the students work in pairs and tell what these sentences have in common. Then the teacher explains to them what the adverbial clause of time is.Show the following on the screen. 1Uncle Jack was born in the year 19

14、57. 2The traffic accident happened at 9: 00 the day before yesterday. 3I have never heard from him since then. 4The film had already begun when they got to the cinema.5I will tell him the good news as soon as he comes back.Suggested answers: All these sentences contain adverbs of time. 4 / 21 Note:

15、Adverbs of Time tell us when an action happened, and the use of this adverb might affect the verb tenses in a particular clause. Adverbs of time can be placed at the initial, middle or final position. Time clauses are used to indicate the time that an event in the main clause takes place. The main t

16、ime conjunctions are: when, as soon as, before, after, by the time, by. They are placed either at the beginning or the end of a sentence. When placed at the beginning of the sentence, the speaker is generally stressing the importance of the time indicated.For example: As soon as you arrive, give me

17、a call. Most often time clauses are placed at the end of a sentence and indicate the time that the action of the main clause takes place.2. Ask the students to read the listed sentences individually and carefully, trying to understand them and finding the adverbials clauses of time. Then the student

18、s are required to work out the answers to the following questions and check if they master the definition of this grammar item correctly. Next, put the students into pairs to compare their answers. Show the correct answers on the screen for the whole class to refer to.Suggested answers: A1B2 and 3C4

19、 3. The students first read the sentences in the box in activity two on 5 / 21 P24 individually and make sure they understand what they all mean. Then get the students into pairs to match the sentences on the left with those on the right. Give the students some time to make preparations. When the ti

20、me is up, compare their answers with other pairs to check if they perform well in this activity. Or representatives are chosen to report them to the whole class who check if they are correct.Suggested answers: 1b2d3c4a 4. Consolidation Option 1 Hold a competition. First put the class into two big gr

21、oupsGirl Group and Boy Group. Each group brainstorms as many sentences with the adverbial clauses of time as they can in a limited time to describe what have happened recently in their life and study and chooses a representative to write them down on the blackboard. Then the teacher counts the sente

22、nces they write and check if there are any mistakes in them. Finally, declare which group is the winner.Option 2 The students read the notes individually and try to make sure they understand them completely. Then they work in pairs to make up sentences which are similar to those in the second activi

23、ty in structure. When they are well prepared, you can ask some representatives to report 6 / 21 their sentences to the whole class or to write them down on the blackboard. Other students had better listen carefully to check if they are correct. If the class is of higher level, you can also make them

24、 compare their sentences with other pairs. Finally, you show the correct sentences on the screen for the students to refer to.Suggested answers: 1. While he was a child, Tan Dun lived in the countryside.2. When he was young, Tan Dun lived with his grandmother.3. When he lived in Hunan Province, he c

25、ollected folk songs and music.4. While he lived in Hunan Province, he planted rice.5. When he attended Central Conservatory of Music, he heard western music for the first time. Step 3 Grammar 2 The students learnt the uses of the past simple tense as well as the past perfect tense in junior middle s

26、chool, so you can lead them to review the basic uses of them.1. Brainstorm The students work in groups to speak out the form and use of the past simple tense as well as the past perfect tense. Then ask some students to report them to the whole class. Others check if what they say is correct. If nece

27、ssary, give them some explanations according to the following.7 / 21 1The simple past form: verb+ed or irregular verbs Examples: You called Debbie. Did you call Debbie. You did not call Debbie. 1USE 1 Completed Action in the Past Use the simple past to express the idea that an action started and fin

28、ished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.I saw a movie yesterday. I didn t see a play yesterday. Last year, I travelled to Japan. Last year, I didnt travel to Korea. Did you have dinner last ni

29、ght. She washed her car. He didnt wash his car. 2USE 2 A Series of Completed Actions We use the simple past to list a series of completed actions in the 8 / 21 past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on.I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.He arrived fro

30、m the airport at 8: 00, checked into the hotel at 9: 00, and met the others at 10: 00.Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs. 3USE 3 Duration in Past The simple past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A duration is a longer action often indicated by e

31、xpressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.I lived in Brazil for two years. Shauna studied Japanese for five years. They sat at the beach all day. They did not stay at the party the entire time. We talked on the phone for thirty minutes. A: How long did you wait for

32、them. B: We waited for one hour. 4USE 4 Habits in the Past The simple past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the same meaning as “ used to. ”To make it 9 / 21 clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually,

33、never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.I studied French when I was a child. He played the violin. He didnt play the piano. Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid. She worked at the movie theater after school. They never went to school, they always skipped class.5USE 5 Past

34、 Facts or GeneralizationsThe simple past can also be used to describe past facts or generalizations which are no longer true. As in USE 4 above, this use of the simple past is quite similar to the expression “ used to. ”Examples: She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.He didnt like tom

35、atoes before. Did you live in Texas when you were a kid. People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past.6IMPORTANT When-Clauses Happen First Clauses are groups of words which have meaning but are often not complete sentences. Some clauses begin with the word “ when” such as “ when I drop

36、ped my pen. . . ”or “ when class began. . . ”These 10 / 21 clauses are called when-clauses, and they are very important. The examples below contain when-clauses.When I paid her one dollar, she answered my question.She answered my question when I paid her one dollar.When-clauses are important because

37、 they always happen first when both clauses are in the Simple Past. Both of the examples above mean the same thing: First, I paid her one dollar, and then, she answered my question. It is not important whether “ when I paid her one dollar” is at the beginning of the sentence or at the end of the sen

38、tence. However, the example below has a different meaning. First, she answered my question, and then, I paid her one dollar.I paid her one dollar when she answered my question.2The past perfect form: had+past participle You had studied English before you moved to New York.Had you studied English bef

39、ore you moved to New York. You had not studied English before you moved to New York.1USE 1 Completed action before something in the pastThe past perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in th

40、e past.11 / 21 I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several times.Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand. She only understood the movie because

41、 she had read the book.Kristine had never been to an opera before last night.We were not able to get a hotel room because we had not booked in advance.A: Had you ever visited the U. S. before your trip in 2022.B: Yes, I had been to the U. S. once before. 2USE 2 Duration before something in the pastN

42、on-Continuous VerbsWith Non-Continuous and some non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Past Perfect to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action in the past.We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.By the time Alex finished his studies, he ha

43、d been in London for over eight years.They felt bad about selling the house because they had owned it for more than forty years.12 / 21 Although the above use of the past perfect is normally limited to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, the words “ live”“ work”“ teach” and

44、“ study” are sometimes used in this way even though they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs. Note: IMPORTANT specific times with the past perfectUnlike with the present perfect, it is possible to use specific time words or phrases with the Past Perfect. Although this is possible, it is usually not necessa

45、ry.Example: She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.2. The teacher lets the students read the following sentences and make out which verb tenses the main clauses and subordinate clauses separately make use of.Show the following on the screen. 1She ha

46、d left before I telephoned. 2She ate after I had left. 3By the time he finished, I had cooked dinner. Suggested answers: The adverbial clause of time introduced by the subordinating conjunction beforethe simple past tense+the main clausethe past 13 / 21 perfect tense The adverbial clause of time int

47、roduced by the subordinating conjunction afterthe past perfect tense+the main clausethe simple past tense The adverbor the adverbial clauseof time introduced by by the time+the predicate of the sentencethe past perfect tense 3. The teacher has the students read the listed sentences in the first and

48、second activities individually and make sure they could understand what they all mean. Then they work in pairs or groups of four to discuss and answer the following questions. When they finish doing this, compare their answers with other pairs or groups. Or some pairs or groups send representatives

49、to report their answers to the whole class who will listen carefully and check whether what they hear is correct or not.Suggested answers to the first activity: A. Becoming stars in their own country. B. Recording seven albums. C. The past perfect tense. Suggested answers to the second activity: A:

50、1ameans that their music had already changed by then; 1bmeans that it changed then 2ameans that they had already sold more albums by then; bmeans that they sold more albums then14 / 21 B: Yes. In theasentences the event happened before that time; in thebsentences the event happened at that time. 4.

51、The teacher requires the students to complete the third and fourth activities individually first. Then put the students into pairs to compare their answers. Finally, the teacher shows the correct answers on the screen for the whole class to refer to.Suggested answers for the third activity: 1joined,

52、 had played 2toured, had become 3recorded, had recorded 4had recorded, split up 5had split up, performed Suggested answers for the fourth activity: 1arrived, had left 2arrived, had begun 3happened, had left 4made, had recorded 5. Consolidation Option 1 The teacher can ask the students to fill in the

53、 verbs in the right tensethe past perfect or the past simpleby themselves according to the given example. Then they work in pairs to compare their answers.15 / 21 Show the following on the screen. Example: Pat _to live in London before he _ to move to Rome. Answer: Pat had lived in London before he

54、moved to Rome. 1After Fred _ to spend his holiday in Italy, he _ to want to learn Italian. 2Jill _ to phone Dad at work before she _ to leavefor her trip. 3Susan _ to turn on the radio after she _ to wash the dishes. 4When she _ to arrive, the match already _ to start. 5After the man _ to come home,

55、 he _ to feed the cat. 6Before he _ to sing a song, he _ to play the guitar. 7She _ to watch a video after the children _ to go to bed. 8After Eric _ to make breakfast, he _ to phone his friend. 9I _ to be very tired because I _ to study too much. 10They _ to ride their bikes before they _ to meet t

56、heir friends. Suggested answers: 1had spent, wanted 2had phoned, left gone6sang, had played 7watched, had 3turned, had washed 8had made, phoned4arrived, had started 9was, had studied5had come, fed 16 / 21 met Option 2 The teacher first asks the students to individually complete the text below with t

57、he appropriate tenses, using the words in parenthesesSimple Past/Past Perfect. Then get the students into pairs to compare their answers with the correct one shown on the screen and check if they really master how to make use of articles accurately and proficiently.Show the following words on the sc

58、reen. I can t believe Iget_ that apartment. Isubmit _my application last week, but I didn t think I had a chance of actually getting it. When Ishow _up to take a look around, there were at least twenty other people whoarrive _before me. Most of themfill, already _out their applications and were alre

59、ady leaving. The landlord said I could still apply, so I did. t answer half of I try _to fill out the form, but I couldn the questions. Theywantme to include references, but I didn t want to list my previous landlord because Ihave _some problems with him and I knew he wouldn t recommend me. Iend _up

60、 listing my father as a reference. It was total luck that hedecide _to give me the apartment. It turns out that the landlord and my fathergo _to high school together. He decided that I could have the apartment before helook _at my credit report. I really lucked out. Suggested answers: gotsubmittedsh