2021-2022學年山西省呂梁學院附中高考全國統(tǒng)考預測密卷英語試卷含解析

1、2021-2022高考英語模擬試卷注意事項：1答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1Hi, Betty, are you free at present? I have to ask you for a favor_With pleasureASorry, I am busyBGo aheadCHelp yours

2、elfDAsk, please2Leaders of many countries have been trying to what it is that makes China develop so fast in recent years.Acarry outBfigure outCwatch outDmake out3_? You look really down.Im tired of my job. There are endless problems to deal with.AWhy botherBSo whatCWhats upDWhy not4I have to resche

3、dule the appointment with you since there is a _ in my arrangement. Acontract Bcontrast Cconnection Dconflict 5Look! Here s a photo _ in my classroom at primary school. Can you recognize me in it?AtakenBtakingCto takeDbeing taken6How long do you suppose it is _ he arrived there?Awhen BbeforeCafter D

4、since7The real reason why prices _ , and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.AwereBwill beChave beenDhad been8一Peter, have you got your new flat furnished?Yes. I _ some used furniture and it was a real bargain.Awill buy Bhave bought Cbought

5、 Dhad bought9The famous player tried again and again after each failure. Thats _ he succeeded at last.Awhat BwhenCwhether Dwhy10What a pity! _joined in the party, I would have met my old friendAlf I have BHad I CI had DHave I11Nowadays with the development of science, more and more new technology_ t

6、o the fields of IT.Ahas introducedBwas introducedCwill introduceDis being introduced12Once he makes up his mind to do something, seldom _ give it up.Ahe willBdoes heCwould heDwill he13Pity you missed Georges wedding.Well, I _.Ahavent been invited Bwouldnt be invitedChadnt been invited Dam not invite

7、d14_! Somebody has broken the vase!Dont look at me.ACome onBHi,thereCThank goodnessDDear me15He had a great dearie to have a home of his own, _ he had always lived with his grandmother.AorBandCsoDfor16Afghans used to hold big weddings, costing thousands of dollars, in a county _ the average annual i

8、ncome is less than $400. Awhich Bwhose Cwhere Dwhat17Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his .AabilityBforceCmindDstrength18Mum, do you mind if I invite some friends to my birthday party?_. It will be more interesting.ABy no meansBYes, of courseCDont worryDNo doubt.19Difficulties s

9、trengthen the mind, _ labour does the body.AifBasCforDso20They were standing so far away that I couldnt_ their faces clearly.Amake outBmake forCmake offDmake up第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分）Half an hour into a cooking competition at Green Street Academy, Tyana Givens, 15, di

10、pped a plastic spoon into a pot with tomatoes, bell peppers, onions, garlic and mushrooms over a burner in a science classroom. She and the two other students, Kalimah Ball and Maya Smith, were making meat sauce.The girls had spent the past five weeks learning how to grow their own produce using foo

11、d computers-tabletop greenhouses controlled by computer programs-at Green Street Academy, a charter school in Baltimore. The course, which weaved together lessons on programming, food systems and agriculture, ended with an “Iron Chef”-style cooking contest.With the help of instructor Melanie Shimano

12、, the girls finished their contest successfully using the food they planted in tabletop greenhouses. The tabletop greenhouses can control temperature, light and water inside using the computer code that the students wrote by themselves. Shimano, a 26-year-old entrepreneur, piloted(試行)the course as p

13、art of Green Street Academys junior biotechnology class in the spring and will expand the program to other schools in the fall.“Technology is not something that a lot of teachers have a lot of resources for all the time, but its something thats not difficult to do with a relatively low amount of fun

14、ding,” Shimano said. “Baltimore is a center for startups and food, so kind of fostering that culture of being into technology and into design and seeing all the pieces fit together is really cool.”While her course is unique to Baltimore, its part of a broader program born at the Massachusetts Instit

15、ute of Technologys Media Lab called the Open Agriculture Initiative, or OpenAg, which aims to create inventive, sustainable food systems through open-source technology. In addition to 10 full-time staff and researchers, OpenAg is primarily an online community of about 1,400 educators, growers, chefs

16、 and retailers in 47 countries, according to Hildreth England, OpenAgs assistant director.“The interest level across the board generally comes from folks who are concerned about food systems and concerned about the environment, and its usually a combination of the two,” England said.1、Whats special

17、about the course taken by Tyana Givens?AIts a cooking courseBIt involves several subjectsCIt is intended for a contestDIt is controlled by tabletop greenhouses.2、Why did the students have to write computer codes to grow food?ATo win a cooking contestBTo finish homeworkCTo create a greenhouseDTo cont

18、rol the growing conditions3、Whats Shimanos opinion about technology education?AIt calls of teachers with many resourcesBIt calls for a lot of moneyCIt is supposed to combine skills togetherDIt can only be carried out in big cities.4、What can be learned about the Open Agriculture Initiative?AIt is pa

19、rticipated by full-time. M. I. T researchers as well as people from different walk of lifeBIt will help create a better education systemCIt only covers the USADIt focuses on food and catering industry.22（8分）For months fish that live in dark caves in Mexico go without food. They have gone far longer-

20、 thousands of years-without light, evolving to lose their eyes and skin pigments（色素）.Now researchers have discovered these strange creatures have another oddity. They survive their food-scarce environment, the fish have evolved extreme ways of turning nutrients into energy. These features create sym

21、ptoms like large blood sugar swings that, in humans, are predictors of type 2 diabetes. But in the fish these changes are adaptations, not a disease. These cave fish lead log and healthy lives.Understanding how the fish remain healthy in spite of these symptoms may lead to new approaches for treatin

22、g diabetes in people, says Cliff Tabin, a geneticist at Harvard Medical School. He and his colleagues are beginning to get clues about how cave fish survive the symptoms.In humans and other mammals, one of the first signs of type 2 diabetes risk is poor control of Wood sugar (glucose). This happens

23、because cells resist insulin, the hormone that signals cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream. If the problems continue, they progress into full-blown diabetes. The illness kills 3.4 million people worldwide every year, but current treatments often do not work.The cave fish has, apparently, f

24、igured out another solution. The fish were washed from rivers into caves about a million years ago. It was a big change. Rivers were full of food but caves have only what is washed in by seasonal floods.Because cave fish go many months without food, researchers assumed they evolved a metabolism(新陳代謝

25、）that efficiently stores the calories in a similar way animals store fat before winter. To test that idea, they compared the cave fish with the river fish raised under same conditions in the lab. They found the cave fish do store more visceral fat than river fish. But the cave fish also had much lar

26、ger, fatty livers, which resembled diabetes-linked fatty liver disease in humans. “But you dont see destruction of the liver in these guys.” Tabin says. “Its very curious.”Cave fish researchers are now working to find out how the fish do it. “The only piece of total evidence is that the metabolic ra

27、te is lower in the cave fish than in their river fish relatives.” says Alex Keene of Florida Atlantic University. There might be something about slow energy use in cells that protects against diabetes. he says, “Finding that something will, like fishing, require some patience.”1、What interests resea

28、rchers most in the cave fish is that .Athey have evolved to lose their eyes and skin pigmentsBthey have evolved ways of turning nutrients into energyCthey have experienced no symptoms of diabetes in humansDthey have survived from symptoms of diabetes in humans2、It can be learned from Paragraph 3 tha

29、t .Ainsulin disturbs the control of blood sugarBinsulin takes in glucose from the bloodstreamCinsulin prevents the rise of blood sugarDinsulin lends to progress into full-blown diabetes3、Researchers study the metabolism in the cave fish mainly by .Atesting the efficiency of storing fat inside themBc

30、omparing their fat amount with that in the river fishCcomparing their fatty livers with those of humansDobserving their livers storing fat with no destruction4、It can be concluded that the features of the cave fish .Ahave enabled researchers to find out new ways to treat diabetesBhave inspired resea

31、rchers about new treatments for diabetesChave brought in many new ideas about how to treat diabetesDwill be used as a treatment for diabetes in the near future23（8分）Educators across the US are calling for major changes to the admission process in higher education. The National Center for Educational

32、Statistics reported that U.S. colleges and universities received more than 9 million applications between 2013 and 2014. The schools admitted more than 5 million students in that time.But a new report says that the problem is not about the number of students that are being admitted, but rather how s

33、tudents are selected. The Harvard School of Graduate Education, along with 80 other schools and organizations, released the report in January 2016, called “Turing the TideMaking Caring Common”. The report argues that the process schools use to choose students causes major problems.David Hawkins, the

34、ExecutiveDirector for Educational Policy, says that most colleges and universities require many things from students when they apply. Schools usually ask for an essay describing a students interests or why they want to study at that school. The schools also ask for letters from teachers or other res

35、ponsible adults describing why a student is a good candidate. But, Hawkins says, the area that schools are most concerned with a students high school grades and standardizedtest results.The report suggests that paying attention to academic success over other qualities works well for some students bu

36、t hurts others. In addition, academic success is not the most important quality a student should have. More attention should be paid to showing whether or not a student wants to do good in the world. The report also suggests that schools should ask for evidence that students care about other people.

37、 Moving attention away from academic ability will make process less about competition, the report says. Students will feel less stress about meeting higher and higher expectation.But the report does have its critics. Bob Schaeffer, Public Education Director, said that every few years, someone makes

38、the same argument for change. He said that no real change has happened yet and that even many of the schools that agree with the report still make no changes. “Many of the institutions that have supported the findings in the report are the very institutions that have the most competitive admission p

39、rocesses in the country, Schaeffer said.1、What is the problem of the admission process according to the report?AThe schools ask social responsibilities from the applying studentsBThe schools attach importance to students academic recordsCThe number of students getting admitted is too smallDAdmission

40、 officers only consider personal qualities2、Which of the following do colleges ask of applicants except ?ATheir reasons to attend the school.BA description of their interests.CRecommendation letters from adultsDEvidence that students care about others3、What does the authors attitude to the report of

41、 the admission process?.ASupportive. BDoubtful CNeutral DNegative4、The critic, Bob Schaeffer, thinks that .Asome schools dont do what they believe is rightBthe largest schools are expected to make changes firstCnot enough schools currently agree with the reportDhistory has proved that all changes ar

42、e good24（8分）DINERSTONY SOPRANOS LAST MEALBetween 1912 and the 1990s, New Jersey State was home to more than 20 diner manufacturers who made probably 95 percent of the diners in the U.S, says Katie Zavoski, who is helping hold a diner exhibit. What makes a diner a diner? (And not, say, a coffee shop?

43、) Traditionally, a diner is built in a factory and then delivered to its own town or city rather than constructed on-site. Zavoski credits New Jerseys location as the key to its mastery of the form. “It was just the perfect place to manufacture the diners,” she says. “We would ship them wherever we

44、needed to by sea.”VISIT “Icons of American Culture: History of New Jersey Diners,” running through June 2017 at The Cornelius House/Middlesex County Museum in Piscataway, New JerseyGOOD FOOD, GOOD TUNESSuzanne Vegas 1987 song “Toms Diner” is probably best known for its frequently sampled “doo doo do

45、o doo” melody rather than its diner-related lyrics. Technically, its not even really about a diner the setting is New York Citys Toms Restaurant, which Vega frequented when she was studying at Bamard. Vega used the word “diner” instead because it “sings better that way,” she told The New York Times.

46、 November 18 has since been called Toms Diner Day, because on that day in 1981, the New York Posts front page was a story about the death of actor William Holden. In her song Vega sings: “I Open /Up the paper/Theres a story /Of an actor /Who had died/While he was drinking.”LISTEN “Toms Diner” by Suz

47、anne VegaMEET THE DINER ANTHROPOLOGISTRichard J.S. Gutman has been called the “Jane Goodall of diners” (he even consulted on Barry Levinsons 1982 film, Diner).His book, American Diner: Then Now, traces the evolution of the “night lunch wagon,” set up by Walter Scott in 1872, to the early 1920s, when

48、 the diner got its name (adapted from “dining car”), and on through the 1980s.Gutman has his own diner facilities (floor plans, classic white mugs, a cashier booth); 250 of these items are part of an exhibit in Rhode Island.READ American Diner: Then & Now (John Hopkins University Press)VISIT “Diners

49、: Still Cooking in the 21st Century,” currently running at the Culinary Arts Museum at Johnson & Wales University in Providence, Rhode Island1、In what way is a diner different from a coffee shop?AIts location. BIts management.CFrom what it is built. DWhere it is constructed.2、What do we know about V

50、egas 1987 song “Toms Diner”?AIt warns people not to drink. BIt was inspired by Toms Diner Day.CIts melody is preferred to its lyrics. DIts original title was Toms Restaurant.25（10分） Canada is a bilingual country with co-official languages. English and French enjoy equal status as the official langua

51、ges of all government agencies in Canada. This means that the public has the right to communicate with and receive services from government in either English or French. Government employees have the right to work in the official language of their choice in certain bilingual regions.Like the United S

52、tates, Canada started as a colony. Beginning in the 1500s it was part of New France but later became a British colony after the Seven Years War. As a result, the Canadian government recognized the languages of both colonizers: France and England. The Constitution (憲法)Act of 1867 admitted the use of

53、both languages in federal courts. Years later, Canada strengthened its commitment to bilingualism when it passed the Official Languages Act of 1969, which reconfirmed the constitutional origins of its co official languages.Recognition of both English and French protects the rights of all Canadians.

54、Among other benefits, the 1969 Act recognized the Canadian citizens should be able to access federal laws and government documents, whether their native language was French or English. The general law also requires that consumer products feature bilingual packaging throughout the country.The Canadia

55、n government is committed to advancing the equality and the use of English and French and provides support to the development of English and French minority communities. However, the reality is that most Canadians speak English, and of course, many Canadians speak another language entirely.Although

56、the federal government theoretically guarantees bilingual services in all areas, there are many regions where English is the clear majority language so the government does not offer services in French in those regions. Canadians use the phrase where numbers justify to indicate whether a local popula

57、tions language requires bilingual services from the government.While many Canadians are bilingual in English and French, Statistics. Canada finds that over 200 other languages were reported as a language spoken by its people. About two-thirds of the respondents who spoke one of these languages also

58、spoke either English or French1、Why are two official languages accepted in Canada?AThe language-using tradition caused by Canadas colonial historyBThe theoretical commitment made by Canadian courts in the pastCThe welcome attitude towards people coming from all over the worldDThe mastery of two lang

59、uages of Canadians because of school education2、What is the current situation of official languages in Canada?APeople speaking English are superior because of their access to federal lawsBFederal governments have to provide bilingual services to all citizens in CanadaCFrench minority communities are

60、 given more support due to their language-using historyDThere are more people speaking English than French in some parts of Canada3、What can we infer from the passage?AThe legal court usage of French and English was established in Canada in 1969.BSome Canadians in certain districts might speak neith