電機(jī)方向課程設(shè)計

1、題目(算例)：Y132M-4額定數(shù)據(jù)與性能指標(biāo)1、電機(jī)型號Y132M-42、額定功率PN=7.5千瓦3、額定頻率fN=50赫4、額定電壓及接法UN=380伏5、極數(shù)2P=46、絕緣等級B7、力能指標(biāo)：效率0.8530.878、功率因數(shù)coso.840.859、最大轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)TM2.210、起動性能：起動電流倍數(shù)Ist7,起動轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)Tst2.2算例（一）額定數(shù)據(jù)和主要尺寸：額定功率：Pn7.5KW2.額定電壓：UNUN380V（接）3.功電流：IkWPN7.51036.58AmUN3A380效率：0.87功率因素：cos0.85極對數(shù)：p2定轉(zhuǎn)子槽數(shù)每相每極槽數(shù)取整數(shù)q13則Z12mpq1232

2、336Z232并采用斜肩平底槽定轉(zhuǎn)子每極槽數(shù)Zp1Z13692p4Zp2Z23282p49確定電機(jī)電機(jī)主要尺寸主要尺寸來確定Dil和lefKE0.0108lnPN0.013p0.9310.927計算功率PKEPNcos7.51030.9270.870.859.4KW初選ap0.68，KNm1.095，Kdp0.96可取A25600A，取B0.67T，1假設(shè)n1440rmin。V6.1?1?pnapKNmKdpAB16.1?19.41030.681.095256000.67?0.9614400.00324m3取1.5則Dil32pV340.00324m0.141m1.5按定子內(nèi)外徑比求出定子沖片

3、外徑Di10.141D1/D0.2203mDi10.64取D10.22mDi1D1(Di1D)0.22/0.640.141m斷念的有效長度：lefV0.003240.163mDi210.1412取斷念長li0.160m10氣隙的確定0.3(0.47Di1li)1030.3(0.470.1410.160)103m0.4103m于是斷念有效長度lefli2(0.16020.0004)m0.161m轉(zhuǎn)子外徑D2Di12(0.14120.0004)m0.140m轉(zhuǎn)子內(nèi)徑先按轉(zhuǎn)軸直徑：Di20.048m11極距Di10.1412p40.111m12定子齒距t1Di10.141Z1360.0123m轉(zhuǎn)子齒

4、距t2D20.140Z2320.0161m13定子繞組采用單層繞組，交織式，節(jié)距1-9，2-10，11-1214為了削弱齒諧波磁場的影響，轉(zhuǎn)子采用斜槽，一般斜一個定子齒距t1，于是轉(zhuǎn)子斜槽寬bsk0.0130m15.設(shè)計定子繞組并聯(lián)支路a11.每槽導(dǎo)體數(shù)Ns13216.每相串通匝數(shù)Ns1Z13236384N131m1a1每相串通匝數(shù)N1N138419222繞組線規(guī)設(shè)計初選定子電密J14.0Amm2，計算導(dǎo)線并繞根數(shù)和每根導(dǎo)線截面積的乘積。I18.902.22mm2Ni1Ac1a1J114.0其中定子電流初步預(yù)計值I1IKW6.588.90Acos采用截面積周邊的銅線：高強(qiáng)度漆包線，并繞根數(shù)Ni

5、12，線徑d11.18mm，絕緣后直徑d1.25mm，截面積Ac11.0936mm2，Ni1Ac12.1872mm2設(shè)計定子槽形Di12(h01hs11)bi1minZ1b10.1402(0.80.924)1036.7103365.9103mDi12(h01h22)bi1minZ12r10.1412(0.814.5)10324.4103366.17103m取bi16.04103m槽在面積As2r1bs1(hs2h)r12224.4224.46.7(14.50.5)DMDM復(fù)合絕緣，2按槽絕緣采用2138.9106m20.3mm，槽楔為h0.5mm，復(fù)合板，槽絕緣占面積。Aii(2h12ri)0

6、.0003(20.01450.0044)12.8106m2槽滿率SfNi1Ns1d22321.252Aef79.4%126.1繞組系數(shù)Kp11sinqasin320220.9598Kd13sin20qsina22其中ap2236020Z136Kdp1Kd1Kp110.95980.9598每相有效串通導(dǎo)體數(shù)N1Kdp13840.9598368設(shè)計轉(zhuǎn)子槽形與轉(zhuǎn)子繞組預(yù)計轉(zhuǎn)子導(dǎo)條電流：3N1kdp13368A245.64AI2k1I1Z236其中k10.90由資料查出。初步取轉(zhuǎn)子導(dǎo)條電密Jb3.5Amm2，于是導(dǎo)條的截面積：ABI2245.64mm270.18mm2JB3.5D22(hs21hs02

7、)bi2maxZ2bs210.142(1.300.5)1035.5103m327.89103mD22(hs21hs02hs22)bs22bi2minZ20.142(230.5)1033103m326.13103mbi2bi21bi2max1(bi2maxbi2min)336.131031(7.891036.13103)m36.72103m導(dǎo)條截面積（轉(zhuǎn)子槽面積）AB(b02bs12)hs12(bs12bs22)hs2222(155)1.30(355)(231.30)m22296.45106m2預(yù)計端環(huán)電流IRI2Z2245.6432A625.5A2p4端環(huán)所需面積ARIR625.5mm2297

8、.9mm2JR2.1其中端環(huán)電密JR0.6JB2.1Amm2得端環(huán)所需面積為AR250106m2（二）磁路計算滿載電勢初設(shè)kE(1L)0.940E(1UVV1L)N0.940380357.2每極磁通初設(shè)ks1.25由圖3-5查得kNm1.090E14kNmkdp1fN1357.2Wb0.00889Wb為計算磁路各部分磁密，需先計算磁路中各部分的磁導(dǎo)截面每極下齒部截面積AklbZp10.950.1606.0410398.26103m2i1Feii1AklbZp20.950.1606.7210388.17103m2i2Feii2定子軛部高度hj1D1Di2hs2rs1230.220.141(0.8

9、14.54.4)1034.4103m2319.3103m轉(zhuǎn)子軛部高度hj2D2Di2hs20.1400.048(230.5)10322.5103m22軛部導(dǎo)磁截面積Aj1kFelihj10.950.16019.3103m22.934103m2Aj2kFelihj20.950.16022.5103m23.42103m2一極下空氣隙截面積lef20.01809m2波幅系數(shù)FsB111.47Bavap0.68氣隙磁密計算FsTTB0.7220.01809定子齒部磁密：Fs1.470.00889TTBi18.261031.561Ai1轉(zhuǎn)子齒部磁密Bi2Fs1.470.00889TTAi28.17103

10、1.578從D23磁化曲線找出對應(yīng)上述磁密的磁場強(qiáng)度：Hi132.6AcmHi237.8Acm有效氣隙長度efk1.0250.4103m0.41103m其中氣隙系數(shù)為t1(4.40.75b01)k10.75b01)b012t1(4.40.0123(4.40.41030.753.5103)0.0123(4.40.41030.753.5103)(3.5103)21.023kt2(4.40.75b02)20.75b02)b022t2(4.41030.751103)0.0161(4.40.41030.751103)(1103)21.0025k1k1齒部磁路計算長度Li1(h11h21)1r2114.5

11、13m33Li2(h12h22)1r2123103m3軛部磁路計算長度(D1hj1)13)m378.87103m3Lj12p28(D1hj1)13)378.87103m3Lj12p2m8氣隙磁壓降kB0.4103235.57AF0.4106A0齒部磁壓降Fi1Hi1Li132.610215.97103A52.06AFi2Hi2Li22310237.8103A86.94A37.飽和系數(shù)ksFFi1Fi2235.5752.0686.941.258F235.57誤差=1.2581.250.63%1%，合格1.258定子軛部磁密10.00889T1.450TBj1Aj13222.93410轉(zhuǎn)子軛部磁密

12、10.00889T1.242TBj2Aj223.421032從D23磁化曲線找出對應(yīng)上述磁密的磁場強(qiáng)度：Hj115.5AcmHj273.8Acm軛部磁壓降：其中軛部磁位降校正系數(shù)由資料的附圖查出hj119.31030.1110.174,Bj11.450T于是Cj10.410Fj1Cj1Hj1Lj1278.8110350.08Ahj122.5103，Bj21.242T于是Cj0.4100.1110.2032Fj2Cj2Hj2Lj20.4107.3810227.691038.991A每極磁勢FFFi1Fi2Fj1Fj28.99)A374.85A滿載磁化電流：2pF4374.85A3.014AIm0

13、.931920.95980.9m1N1kdp1磁化電流標(biāo)么值Im*Im3.0140.458IkW6.5845.勵磁電抗m1(N1kdp1)2lefXms4f0kspef500.41063(1920.9598)23146.46Xms*XmsIkW2.536UN380（三）參數(shù)計算線圈平均半匝長單層線圈lclBKcy=0.195+1.20.09929=0.314mlBlt2d1=0.165+20.015=0.195my=Di12(h0h11)h21r21/2p=0.141+2(0.8+0.924)+(14.5-0.924)10-3+4.410-3/22-3=99.2910m節(jié)距比2/31,取=0.

14、8其中d1是線圈直線部分伸出斷念的長度，取1030mm。kc是經(jīng)驗系數(shù)取1.247單層線圈端部平均長lE2d1Kcy20.015+1.20.0993=0.150m48漏抗系數(shù)Cx=4f0(N1Kdp1)2lefPN/m1pUN2=4-7（0.959827.5-32500.410192）0.16310/33802=0.0378749定子槽比漏磁導(dǎo)s1Ku1u1KL1L1=10.410+10.830=1.24u1h012h11b01(b01b11)=0.410L1=0.830因h21(14.50.924)=1.5432r2124.4b116.7=0.762r2124.4其中Ku1=KL1=150定

15、子槽漏抗2m1plt1s1CXXs12lefZ1Kdp1=2320.1601.24CX360.959820.163=0.440Cx51定子諧波漏抗X*m1SCX122efKdp1Ks=X20.411030.959821.368=0.5877Cx其中S=0.00952定子端部漏抗單層交織式繞組的端部漏抗與分組的單層同心式繞組周邊則：XE1*0.47(lE0.64y)CXKdp12lef=0.47(0.1500.640.0993)CX0.1630.95982=0.270Cx53定子漏抗X1Xs1*X1*XE1*=（0.440+0.5877+0.27）Cx=1.2977Cx=0.049154轉(zhuǎn)子槽比

16、漏磁導(dǎo)s2u2L2u2h020.50.5b021L22h12(b02b12)L=21.30=1.735.5)(11.3302，b1/b2=1.83h/b=7.6查表得L=1.33055轉(zhuǎn)子槽漏抗Xs2*2m1plt2s1CXZ2lef=230.1602.23CX320.163=0.821Cx56轉(zhuǎn)子諧波漏抗X2*m12RCXefKsX20.41103=0.9023Cx查表得R=0.01557轉(zhuǎn)子端部漏抗*l條lt2DR)CX*XE20.757(2plefXE21.13X1634=0.150Cx58轉(zhuǎn)子斜槽漏抗Xsk*0.5(bskt2)2X2*=0.5(0.0130.0161)20.9023C

17、X=0.29Cx59轉(zhuǎn)子漏抗X2*Xs2*X2*XE2*Xsk*=(0.821+0.9023+0.15+0.29)Cx=2.1633Cx=0.081960總漏抗X*X1*X2*=0.13161定子直流電阻R12N1lcNt1Ac11=0.021710621920.31421.09361061=1.19662定子相電阻標(biāo)幺值R1*=R1IkwUN380=0.020763有效資料定子導(dǎo)線重量GWClCNs1Z1Nt1Ac1=1.050.31432361.093610-68.9103=7.393kg式中C為考慮導(dǎo)線絕緣和引線重量的系數(shù)，漆包圓銅線取1.05為導(dǎo)線密度硅鋼片重量GFe=Kfelt(Dl

18、)2Fe=0.950.163（0.22+0.005）27.810-3=61.897kg-3式中為沖剪余量，取510m64轉(zhuǎn)子電阻導(dǎo)條電阻折算值RB=KBLB4m1(N1Kdp1)2ABZ2=0.04341061.040.19543(1920.9598)296.4510632=1.162式中KB是疊片不整齊造成導(dǎo)條電阻增加的系數(shù)端環(huán)電阻折算值DRZ2m1(N1Kdp1)2RR=p2ARZ22=0.0434106320.13243(1920.9598)2230.03716導(dǎo)條電阻標(biāo)幺值RB*=RBIkw=0.02012UN380端環(huán)電阻標(biāo)幺值*=RRIKW=RUN380轉(zhuǎn)

19、子電阻標(biāo)么值*=0.02655R2=RB+RR（四）工作性能計算滿載時定子電流有功重量標(biāo)么值I*=111.12361p0.89滿載時轉(zhuǎn)子電流無功重量標(biāo)么值*=1X*I1p*21+(1X*I*)2Ix1p=1.02160.13944(1.1236)21+(1.02160.13941.1236)2=0.1811=1+X1*=10.04912.536=1.0216Xms67滿載時定子電流無功重量標(biāo)么值I1Q*=Im*+Ix*=0.469+0.143=0.65滿載電勢標(biāo)么值KE=1L=1(I1p*R1*+I1Q*X1*)=1(1.12360.0207+0.650.0491)=0.942與22項初設(shè)值K

20、E切合空載時電勢標(biāo)么值*10=1ImX1=10.3090.0419=0.976空載時定子齒磁密10)Bt1=(0.976)1.58=1.637Tt10B=(0.9421L空載時轉(zhuǎn)子齒磁密Bt20=(10)Bt2(0.976)1.60=1.658T1L0.942空載時定子軛磁密j1010)Bj1(0.976)1.45=1.502TB=(0.9421L空載時轉(zhuǎn)子軛磁密Bj20=(10)Bj2(0.976)1.242=1.287T1L0.942空載時氣隙磁密B0=(10)B(0.976)0.722=0.748T1L0.942空載時定子齒部磁壓降Ft10=Ht10Lt1=46.810215.9710-

21、3=74.74A空載時轉(zhuǎn)子齒部磁壓降2-3Ft20=Ht20Lt2=53.4102310=122.82A空載時定子軛部磁壓降Fj10=Cj1Hj10Lj1=0.4020.110278.8110-3=63.36A空載時轉(zhuǎn)子軛部磁壓降Fj20=Cj2Hj20Lj2=0.438.9010227.6910-3=10.597A空氣隙磁壓降F0KB00.4103=244.05A00.4106空載總磁壓降F00Ft10Ft20Fj10Fj20F0=74.74+122.82+63.36+10.597+244.05=504.97A空載磁化電流2pF00Im00.9m1N1Kdp1=22504.97=4.06A（

22、四）工作性能計算定子電流標(biāo)么值I*=(I*2I*2)=(1.12362211p1Q0.65)=1.249定子電流實質(zhì)值*1.2496.58=8.51AI1I1Ikw定子電流密度J1I18.51mm2a1Nt1Ac111.0936線負(fù)荷A1m1N1I133208.51AmDi1轉(zhuǎn)子電流標(biāo)么值*=(I*21pI*2X)I2(1.123620.18432)=1.139轉(zhuǎn)子電流實質(zhì)值I2=I2*Ikwm1N1Kdp1Z233840.9598=1.1396.58=258.96A端環(huán)電流實質(zhì)值RI2Z2258.9632659.4AI=2p23.142轉(zhuǎn)子電流密度導(dǎo)條電密JBI2258.962.685Amm

23、2AB96.45端環(huán)電密JRIR659.42.64Amm2AR250定子電氣耗費Pcu1*I1*2R1*=1.29420.0207=0.0347Pcu1Pcu1*PN0.03477.5103=260.25W轉(zhuǎn)子電氣耗費PAl2*I2*2R2*=1.13920.02655=0.0344PAl2=PAl2*PN=0.03447.5103=258W附加耗費銅條轉(zhuǎn)子Ps*=0.02Ps=Ps*PN=0.027.5103=150W機(jī)械耗費二級封閉自扇冷式Pfw=(3/p)2(D1)4104=(3/2)2(0.22)4104=52.7W機(jī)械耗費標(biāo)么值Pfw*=Pfw/PN=52.7/7.5103=0.00

24、703定子鐵耗定子軛重量GtpAt1Lt1-378.8110-37.83=4Fe=422.9341010=14.43定子齒重量Gj=2pAj1Lj1-3-37.8103=4.116Fe=428.261015.9710耗費系數(shù)Phet=6.8Phej=5.1定子齒耗費PFet=K1PhetGt=25.1014.43=147.2W定子軛耗費PFej=K2PhejGj=2.56.804.116=69.97W定子鐵耗PFe=PFet+PFej=147.2+69.97=217.17W對于半閉口槽按經(jīng)驗取K1=2K2=2.5鐵耗標(biāo)么值*PFe/PN3PFe=10=0.029=217.17/7.5總耗費標(biāo)么

25、值*=*+*+*+*+*pPcu1PAl2PsPfwPFe=0.0347+0.0344+0.02+0.00703+0.029=0.1251輸出功率*p*PN1=1+0.1251=1.1251=1+效率=1*/*=10.1251/1.1251=0.869%pPN1(87%86.9%)/87%=0.115%0.5%功率因數(shù)*cos=I1p/I1=1.1249/1.294=0.8796.轉(zhuǎn)差率SNPAl*=*Ps*PFer*Pfw*1PAl20.0344=0.0319P*=PFetrPFeirFerPN(10.5)147.2(10.4)69.977.5103=0.0154轉(zhuǎn)速nN=(60f/p)(1

26、SN)=6050/2(10.0319)=1452r/min最大轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)*=1SNTm*2X*2)2(R1(R1=10.0319(0.0207(0.020720.1312)=2.74(五)起動性能計算起動電流假設(shè)值Ist*=(2.53.5)TmIkw3.1576.58=59.1A=3起動時定轉(zhuǎn)子槽磁勢平均值Fst=IstNs1/a1Ku1+Kd12Kp1(Z1/Z2)(10)()0.707=59.1320.7071+0.959821(36/32)0.976=2836.5A空氣隙中漏磁場的虛假磁密BL=0Fst/2C=0.410-62836.5/20.410-30.9367=4.757TC=0.6

27、4+2.5t1t2=0.64+2.50.412.316.1=0.9367由BL查得漏抗飽和系數(shù)Kz=0.44齒頂漏磁飽和引起的定子齒頂寬度的減少CS1=(t1b01)(1Kz)=(12.3-3.5)(10.44)=4.9310-3m齒頂漏磁飽和引起的轉(zhuǎn)子齒頂寬度的減少CS2=(t2b02)(1Kz)=(16.11)(10.44)=8.45610-3m起動時定子槽比漏磁導(dǎo)S1(St)=Ku1(u1u1)+KL1L1(0.410-0.185)+0.83=1.055u1(h010.58h11)(CS1)b01CS11.5b01()(4.93)=0.185起動時定子槽漏抗X*=(S1(St)S1)X*s1(st)s1=(1.055/1.24)0.440CX=0.3743CX起動時定子諧波漏抗*=*X1(st)KZX1=0.440.5877CX=0.2586CX起動時定子漏抗*+X1(st)*X1(st)=Xs1(st)+XE1=(0.3743+0.2586+0.270)CX=0