中考閱讀技能訓練-猜測詞義

1、教學背景分析教學目標教學設計教學背景分析教學目標教學課題中考閱讀技能訓練猜想詞義學科英語I 年級 I初三I時長I 1課時指導思想與理論依據(jù)：義務教育英語課程標準2011版，語言技能五級“讀”要求學生能根據(jù)上下文和構 詞法推斷、理解生詞的含義，能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關系。普通高中英語課程 標準（2017年版）在語言技能局部中也明確要求學生能根據(jù)上下文線索或非文字信息 推斷詞語的意義。猜想詞義的能力是語言運用能力中非常重要的一局部。北京市歷年的 中考、高考的閱讀材料中均出現(xiàn)了猜想詞義題目，要求考生閱讀時能夠通過上下文，來推測詞義。教學內(nèi)容：本節(jié)目是一節(jié)課中考閱讀技能訓練專題課猜想詞義。針對學

2、生缺乏利用語境中 信息進行推測、判斷某些生詞意義的現(xiàn)實情況的與應試需求，通過整合歷年來北京 市中考英語閱讀的猜想詞義真題，歸納這類題的閱讀技能，從以下四個方面幫助學生提 升猜想詞義的能力：.利用構詞法.利用比擬、比照、因果關系.利用定義、解釋、舉例.利用文化背景和生活常識學生情況：初三的學生已掌握了一定的英語閱讀技巧并有一定的語篇分析能力，積累了一定的 詞匯量和構詞法知識，但閱讀中遇到生詞時一，許多學生或翻閱詞典或求助老師，缺乏利用 語境中信息進行推測、判斷某些生詞意義的習慣和意識。在考試過程中猜想詞義的 得分率較低。因此，指導和訓練學生掌握一定的猜詞技巧和策略，對突破中考閱讀理解中生詞的障

3、礙，順利理解文章的思想內(nèi)容，提高閱讀速度，提高學生的捕捉文本信息能力和語篇分析 能力都有非常重要的指導意義。本節(jié)課后，學生能夠學會學IJ用構詞法”,“利用比擬、比照、因果關系”、“利用定義、解釋、舉例，和“利用文化背景和生活常識”提高學生利用語境猜詞的意識和能力。教學方式 與策略利用啟發(fā)式教學的方法，兼用練習法的教學方式與策略，幫助學生梳理歸納中考閱讀猜 測詞義題的閱讀技巧。教學活動 設計活動內(nèi)容活動意圖時間分配Step one: Lead-inTeacher asks questions:What will you do if you meet the new words when read

4、ing in your spare ? What will you do while having an English test? Student think about it and give his/her answers about this question導入環(huán)節(jié)： 通過提問，“在閱讀的時候遇 到生詞該怎么 辦？ ”并進一步追 問如果在考試的 時候閱讀遇到生詞 該怎么辦”直接引 入主題，引發(fā)學生 思考1分鐘Step two: Learn and PracticeGuess by using word-formationT: how many ways do you know abo

5、ut word-building?Lets see some examples and summarize.e.g. When he reached the place with his army, he found an impassable river in front of him.e.g. Child workers in Dickens* novels were ill-treated.e.g. The woman emptied all her pockets to find her ticket.We can guess the meanings by prefix and su

6、ffix, compounding,conversionGuess by identifying key wordcomparison, contrast, causality （比擬,比照,因果關系） What kinds of words do you konw are about “comparison J “ contrast”，and “ causality ?Comparison: and, or, also, just as, similarly,accordingly e.g. Peter loves to talk, and his brothers are similarl

7、y loquacious.Contrast: but, however, while, unlike, on the other hand, in contrast, on the contrary, nevertheless, instead of , rather than , unlike, yet, though.e.g. He had been getting better but during the night his condition deterioratedCausality:because, since, for, as, so, in order to, so as t

8、o, as a result, thus, therefore, so.that.e.g. Tom is considered an autocratic boss because he makes decisions without asking others1 opinions.真題Humans are believed to be tied to nature. Playing in greener areas offers children opportunities to search and learn. Accordingly, green space is thought to

9、 prompt important exercises in discovery, creativity and risk taking. These exercises in turn positively influence brain development.The wordpromptprobably means.利用構詞法通過提問“你知道 有多少種構詞的方 法”通過例句讓學， 在語境中讓學生學 生猜詞，體會利用 構詞法猜詞的技 巧。小結：利用構詞法中的前 綴和后綴、合成法、 轉化法.利用比擬、比照、 因果關系通過提問，促使學 生思考總結關于 “比擬” “比照”和 “因果關系”的關 鍵

10、詞。分類呈現(xiàn)三類關鍵 詞的語境猜詞題， 引導學生通過識別 關鍵詞進行猜詞。 并結合中考真題， 進行加強訓練。8分鐘.利用定義、解 釋、舉例.利用定義、解 釋、舉例通過呈現(xiàn)句子，讓 學生在語境中猜 詞，品味如何通過 定義，解釋和舉例 的方式猜詞。并在 此基礎上完成中考 真題。.利用文化背景和生活常識呈現(xiàn)句子，鼓勵根據(jù)日常生活經(jīng)驗猜I司。總結:猜詞題的幾1分鐘 種技巧。.利用構詞法.利用比擬、對比、因果關系.利用定義、解釋、舉例.利用文化背景和生活常識A. controlB. encourageC. balanceD. change3.Guess by using definitions, exp

11、lanations, examples of the context.（下定義,解釋,舉例）Try to guess the meanings:Try to guess the meanings:e.g. Pantomime is a short play in which no words are spoken, e.g. Doctors who study the human mind and try to explain why people behave in the way that they do, called psychologists, are starting to bel

12、ieve this new finding.A psychologist is a person who may help you with your.studying difficulties in schoolmind and behavior problemsphysical activity and daily exercise真題The teachers also say that iPads allow students to learn at their own pace. Some students might listen to a dialogue only once an

13、d understand it, so they can save time for doing other things. Other students, however, might need to listen to the same dialogue again and again to understand it.What does the expression “at their own pace” probably mean?According to their own timetable.Without their teachers9 help.Because of their

14、 wonderful goals.Against their parents9 hope.4:Guess by making use of cultural background and common sense of life.Try to guess the meanings:1. Most of the flowers are beginning to w汕er because of the cold weather.2. In the old days, when girls from rich families were married to their husbands, they

15、 expected to bring with themselves plenty of dowry.3.But sometimes, no rain falls for a long, long time. Then there will be a drought.4. The snake slithered through the grass.Step 3: conclusionHow many ways have you learned to guess the words9 meanings?Use word-formationUse comparison, contrast, causalityUse definitions, explanations, examplesMake use of cultural background and common sense of life板書設計How to guess the meaning of the word you dont know?板書設計Use comparison, contrast, causalityUse definitions, explanations, examplesUse word-formation教學特色與反思教學特色與反思教學特色與反思Make u