英語中祈使句用法

1、v1.0可編寫可更正龍文教育學(xué)科教師指導(dǎo)講義（第講）學(xué)生姓名：課題祈使句授課目的祈使句的學(xué)習(xí)重點、難點祈使句的反義疑問句；.觀察祈使句的必定式、否定式及其反義疑問句；考點及考試要求.觀察祈使句的回答；授課內(nèi)容祈使句一.祈使句的句式特色祈使句常常是表達說話人對對方的勸告、叮囑、央求或命令等。因此，祈使句中一般沒有主語，但依照其句意，實際上是省略了主語you。祈使句句末用惋惜號或句號，朗讀時，常用降調(diào)。在表達央求或勸告時，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的語氣更加緩和或客氣。祈使句一般沒有時態(tài)的變化，也不能夠與神情動詞連用。比方：Keepoffthegrass!勿踩草地！Puttheb

2、oxesinthesmallroom.把那些盒子放到那個小房間里。必定的祈使句（1）動詞原形+其他Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.請起立。（2）Be+adj.Becareful!=Lookout!=Takecare!小心/小心?。?）Lets+動詞原形1人最大的仇家是自己v1.0可編寫可更正Letsgotoschooltogether.我們一起上學(xué)去吧。否定的祈使句(1)Dont+動詞原形Never+動詞原形Dontstandup.別站起來。Dontbecareless.別粗心。Dontletthemplaywithfire.別讓他們玩火。(2)Lets(letsb

3、.)+not+動詞原形Letsnotsayanythingaboutit.對于這件事，我們什么也別說。Letthemnotplaywithfire.別讓他們玩火。3.祈使句的反意疑問句(1)必定祈使句的反意疑問句反問部分用willyou或wontyou。Pleaseopenthedoor,will/wontyou請把門打開，好嗎(2)否定祈使句的反意疑問句反問部分只用willyou。Dontbelateagain,willyou別再遲到了，行不能夠(3)以lets開頭的祈使句反意疑問句反問部分用shallwe。LetsturnontheTV,shallwe我們把電視打開，好嗎只有以lets開頭

4、的祈使句的反意疑問句的反問部分才用shallwe，而letus開頭的祈使句的反意疑問句的反問部分應(yīng)為willyou或wontyou.如：Letusstayhere,will/wontyou請（你）讓我們留在這好嗎在公共場合的提示語中，否定祈使句常用No名詞/V-ing形式結(jié)構(gòu)，表示禁止做某事。比方：NOPHOTOS!禁止拍照！祈使句的回答祈使句的動作平時是表示將來發(fā)生的動作，因此回答祈使句時，一般用will或wont。在回答擁有否定意義的祈使句時，要注意兩點：一是形式一致，即Yes與will保持一致；No與wont保持一致。二是意思相反，即Yes是不的意思；No是是的意思。在回答時，要注意解析

5、上下2人最大的仇家是自己v1.0可編寫可更正文語境中所供應(yīng)的條件。比方：-Dontgoout,please.Itsrainingheavilyoutside.請不要出去。外面雨下得很大。-Yes,Iwill.Ihavetomeetmybrotherattheairport.不能夠，我得去機場接我弟弟。祈使句與陳述句的并列使用祈使句后接陳述句時，須用連接詞連接。若是祈使句與陳述句表示的是一種順承關(guān)系時，要用并列連詞and來連接；若是祈使句與陳述句存在一種否定條件關(guān)系時，要用并列連詞or來連接。比方：LeaveitwithmeandIwillseewhatIcando.把它留給我吧，我想想有沒有方

6、法。Hurryup,orwellbelate.快點，否則我們要遲到了。.祈使句與條件狀語從句的連用祈使句與條件狀語從句連用時，條件狀語從句可置于祈使句前或后。比方：Tellhimtomakeaphonecalltomeifhecomesheretomorrow.若是他明天來這兒的話，叫他給我來個電話。八.祈使句的重申形式3人最大的仇家是自己v1.0可編寫可更正祈使句的重申形式平時在必定祈使句式前加上助動詞Do(Do在句中沒心義)。比方：Doshutup!快住口！九.特別形式的祈使句在英語中，有些祈使句不是以動詞原形來引起一個祈使句，而是以一個名詞短語來充當(dāng)，且后接一個帶有并列連接詞的分句。實質(zhì)

7、上，這個充當(dāng)祈使句的名詞短語相當(dāng)于一個條件狀語從句。比方：Morewaterandtheyoungtreescouldnthavedied.Ifyouhadgiventhemmorewater,theyoungtreescouldnthavedied.若是你給那些小樹多澆點水，他們就不會死了。十.運用祈使句的誤區(qū)祈使句常常簡單與不定式、分詞或條件狀語從句相混淆。在平時的練習(xí)或測試中，若是略不留神，就會出錯。因此，要認(rèn)真審題，認(rèn)真解析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，并依照上下文語境，作出正確判斷。比方：_yourcompositioncarefully,somespellingmistakescanbeavoided

8、.A.HavingcheckedB.CheckC.IfyoucheckD.Tocheck析：若是空白處選填B(Check)項，則視為祈使句，但后一分句前沒有并列連接詞and連接；如選A或D項(分詞或不定式)，句中邏輯主語somespellingmistakes又不能夠執(zhí)行這個動作，故均不吻合句子結(jié)構(gòu)。因此，只有C項(條件狀語從句)吻合句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句意。祈使句考題集錦（1）一、單項選擇1.TheTVistooloud.Please_.A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit4人最大的仇家是自己v1.0可編寫可更正2._lateagai

9、n,Bill!A.DonttobeB.DontbeC.NotbeD.Benot3._crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.NotB.WontC.DoesntD.Dont4.Pleasehelpmecarryit,_A.willIB.willyouC.shallID.shallwe5.Dontmakesomuchnoise,_A.willyouB.wontyouC.shallweD.doyou6.Doyouknowthegirl_underthetreeA.standB.tostandC.standingD.stood7.Kate,_yourh

10、omeworkheretomorrow.A.bringB.bringsC.tobringD.bringing8._methetruth,orIllbeangry.A.TellingB.TotellC.ToldD.Tell9.Ivekeptthedog_Maomaoforalongtime.A.NameB.namedC.namingD.toname10.Dontyouknowthat_isgoodforourhealthA.swimB.swimmingC.swamD.swims二、句型變換11.Willyoupleasereaditagainmoreslowly（改為祈使句）_againmore

11、slowly,please.12.Ifyoudontlistentome,Illgo.（改為同義句）_me,orIllgo.13.Letswatchthesportsgames.（改為反意疑問句）Letswatchthesportsgames,_14.Theteachersoftentellthestudentsnottobecareless.（改為祈使句）5人最大的仇家是自己v1.0可編寫可更正_careless,please.15.PleasesitnexttoNancy.（改為否定句）_nexttoNancy.16.Dontforgettoturnoffthelights,please.

12、（改為反意疑問句）Dontforgettoturnoffthelights,_17.Ifyoumove,youlldie.（改為同義句）_,oryoulldie.18.Cometomyhousetomorrow.（改為反意疑問句）Cometomyhousetomorrow,_這是一個壞了的被子。（翻譯句子）Thisisa_.20.讓我們?nèi)蛶湍莻€哭泣的女孩吧。（翻譯句子）Letsgoandhelpthe_,please.參照答案1-5.ABDBA6-10.CADBB11.Readit12.Listento13.shallwe14.Dontbe15.Dontsit16.willyou17.Don

13、tmove18.will/wontyou19.brokenglass/cup20.cryinggirl祈使句考題集錦（2）一、將以下祈使句改為否定式：Comehereearly.Askhim.Pleasewaitforher.Readthebookcarefully.Situnderthetree,please.6人最大的仇家是自己v1.0可編寫可更正6.Letsgotheretogether.二、選擇最正確答案填空：1.Ifyouaretired,_arest.A.haveB.havingC.tohaveD.had2._mego.Itisveryimportantforme.A.DoletB

14、.letdoC.DoingletD.Todolet3.Heisnothonest._believehim.A.NotB.DontC.TonotD.Notto4.Ifyouwanttostay,letmeknow,_？A.willyouB.shallweC.doyouD.dowe5.Nevercomelateagain,_A.willyouB.wontC.doyouD.doeshe6._upearlytomorrow,oryoucantcatchthetrain.A.GettingB.GetC.TogetD.Got7._inthestreet.Itsdangerous.A.NotplayB.No

15、ttoplayC.DontplayD.Donttoplay8.Please_mesomemoney,willyou？A.lendB.lending7人最大的仇家是自己v1.0可編寫可更正C.tolendD.belend9.Thefilmisabouttobegin.Please_seated.A.beB.areC.isD.being10._theboxes.Youmayusethemlater.A.KeepB.KeepingC.TokeepD.Kept祈使句考題集錦（3）用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的合適形式填空。Itsanimportantmeeting._(not,be)late._(not,make

16、)anynoise!Yourmotherissleeping._(not,speak)withyourmouthfulloffoodand_(be)polite._(not,talk)and_(read)aloud._(not,leave)yourhomeworkfortomorrow,Larry._(look)out!Acariscoming._(give)ustenyearsandjustseewhatourcountrywillbelike._(not,let)thebabycry.Wearmoreclothesoryou_(catch)acold.Lets_(not,say)anyth

17、ingaboutit.選擇填空()1.Herdoctorsaid:“_worksohard”AStopBDontCCantDNo()2.Sindy,_tobehereat8oclockAissureBissurethatCwillbesureDbesure()whenyoucrosstheroad.8人最大的仇家是自己v1.0可編寫可更正ADocareBCareCDobecarefulDTobecareful()4._himthesecret,willyouADonttellBNottotellCNottellingDNotelling()5._inbed.Itsbadforyoureyes.

18、ANottoreadBDontreadCDonttoreadDNotread()6._Yourchild.Welllookafterhim.ANottoworryaboutBDontworryaboutCNotworryforDDontworrywith()areverytired.Why_havearestAnottheyBdonottheyCdonttheyDnotto()8-Youlookrathertired._stoppingtohavearest-Allright.AWhynotBHowaboutCWhynottoDwhydont()9_tellalie.AHardlyBNotCNoDNever()10.Please_lookoutside.Lookattheblackboard.AnotBdontCarentDcant()11.WhydontyoujoinusinthegameAWhatnotBWhynotCWhytoDHowto()12_goforthebookal