高二英語 語法虛擬語氣 課件

1、虛擬語氣Subjunctive Mood1 虛擬語氣用來表示所說的不是事實，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望，建議或是與事實相反的假設(shè)。虛擬語氣通常用在以下情況。 (一)用于虛擬條件句中1. 其主從句的謂語動詞形式如下表：虛擬語氣2從 句主 句與現(xiàn)在事實相反謂語動詞用-謂語動詞用-與過去事實相反謂語動詞用-謂語動詞用- 與將來事實相反謂語動詞用-謂語動詞用- 1)did2)be動詞用 wereshould/would/ could/ might + doshould/would/ could/ might + doshould/would/could/ might +have + done

2、1) did/were2)should/could+動動詞原形3) were to dohad + done31) If everyone in the country _ (know) first aid, many lives _ (save).(與現(xiàn)在事實相反)2) If the hurricane _ (happen) during the day-time, there _ (be) more deaths. (與過去事實相反)3) If it _ (rain) tomorrow, we _ (not go) out.(與將來事實相反)knewwould be savedhad ha

3、ppenedwould have beenwere to rainshould not go42虛擬條件句中的省略與倒裝當(dāng)虛擬條件句中有動詞 were, had, should 時可將if省去,而將were，had，should 提到主語之前,形成省略倒裝。1) _ it to rain tomorrow，we should not go out.2) _ it not rained yesterday, he would have come to the party.3) _ there be a flood, what should we do?WereHadShould53. 有時假設(shè)情

4、況是通過一個介詞短語來表示 用without/but for; or/or else 代替if從句。 Without / But for his help, we wouldnt have made such great progress. If his help, we wouldnt have made such great progress. there hadnt been we hadnt got it had not been for64. 混合時間條件句與主句 條件句與主句的動作發(fā)生的時間有先后, 應(yīng)按各自動作時間搭配好相應(yīng)的形式。1) If they _ (study) har

5、d, they could _ (do) it easily now. 如果他們以前努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，現(xiàn)在干的就會容易些。 2) If he _ (take) my advice, he wouldnt _it much better likethis. 如果他不聽取我的建議，他就不會干得這樣好。had studieddohad not takendo7 5. 省略虛擬語氣的條件從句或者主句情況 1) If only he could come! 要是他能來就好了2) She should have come to the party. 她應(yīng)該來參加聚會。 3) If he had much mo

6、re money. 如果他有更多的錢就能.。 86. 句型 If it were not for . (=Were it not for .) If it hadnt been for(=Had it not been for.) 要不是.;如果不是.1) If it hadnt been for the determined captain, all the passengers on board wouldnt have been saved.2) If it were not for his rich parents, he couldnt live so easy a life.9(二

7、) 用于賓語從句中 1. 用在表命令，建議，要求等動詞后的賓語從句中 動詞為 suggest, demand request, desire, order, propose, insist, advise 等, 賓語從句中用謂語用(should) do/be I insisted he _ (go) to see a doctor , but he insisted nothing _ (be) wrong with him.2) I suggest that we _ a meeting next week. 3) Her pale face suggests that she_ (be)

8、ill. (should) gowasshouldholdis10表示現(xiàn)在的愿望：主語 + did表示過去的愿望：主語 + had + done表示將來的愿望：主語 + would (could) + do 1) I wish I _ (be) a bird and _ (fly) freely.2) I wish I _ that film star yesterday3) How I wish we students _ (have) more free time to relax ourselves!werecould flyhad methad2. 用在表愿望的動詞wish和短語wou

9、ld rather 后的賓語從句中11 4) I would rather you _ (remain) here now. 5) Id rather you _ (do) that yesterday.remainedhadnt done121. 用在表被命令，被建議，被要求等動詞和一些形容詞后的主語從句中 (it是形式主語) 用在It is desired / ordered/ decided / requested / suggested/ proposed/ necessary/ important / natural 等之后的主語從句中， 其謂語動詞形式為(should+ do 1)

10、 Its requested that the play _ (put) on again.2) Its necessary that he _ (send) there at once.(三) 用于主語從句中 (should) be put(should) be sent132. 用在表驚訝, 出乎意料等分詞動詞或些形容詞后的主語從句中 (it是形式主語) 用在 its strange/a pity/a shame/no wonder/surprising 等之后的主語從句中， 其謂語動詞形式為should + do, should 表示“竟然,不可省1) Its a pity that s

11、he _ (miss) the chance to go abroad.2) Its strange that he _ (not pass) the exam.should missshouldnt pass143. 句型 Its (about/high) time (that) 該是的時候了 主語從句中謂語動詞要用過去式或用should+do (should不可省略)Its time we should have breakfast.It is about time that the children should go to bed.Its high time that we did s

12、omething to improve our environment. 15(四) 用于表語從和同位語從句中用在suggestion / order / advice/ demand/ proposal/ request/requirement 等之后的表語從句和同位語從句中. 其謂語動詞形式為 ( should ) +do. His suggestion is that they be sent to the poor area at once.2) He gives the order that we should remember all the grammar.表語從句同位語從句16

13、 (1) 表現(xiàn)在用did 或were (2) 表過去用 had done1) The man speaks as if he _(be) a foreigner.2) They talked as if they _ (be) good friends for years.3) Even if he _ (be) here , he could not solve the problem.(五) 用于as if /as though 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中werehad beenwereeven if /even though17注: as if/as though從句中不一定都要用虛擬語氣. 如果

14、情況真實, 就要用正常時態(tài)來描繪 It looks as if it _ (rain). 天看起來象要下雨. 下雨的可能性很大is going to rain.18(六) 用在簡單句中, 表示祝愿, 命令May you be happy. 祝你幸福。 May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我們的友情天長地久。199、靜夜四無鄰，荒居舊業(yè)貧。2022/10/132022/10/13Thursday, October 13, 202210、雨中黃葉樹，燈下白頭人。2022/10/132022/10/132022/10/1310/13/2022 6:3

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