高中英語條件句虛擬語氣語法詳解課件

1、條件句中 英語動(dòng)詞有 種語氣 陳述語氣 祈使語氣 虛擬語氣用來表示說的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不太可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語氣叫虛擬語氣。三區(qū)別:If it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved.If it rained tomorrow, the crops would be saved.陳述語氣虛擬語氣if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句主從句的謂語形式時(shí)間If 從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去將來did / werehad donewould/could/should/might +V.(原)would/could/should/might+ha

2、ve+p.p.1. did / were2. should do3. were to dowould/could/should/might + V.(原)虛擬語氣例句If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早來幾分鐘的話，你就能見到他了。(與過去事實(shí)相反)2. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天氣好的話，我來看你。(與將來事實(shí)可能相反)3. If I were you, I would go at once. 假如我是你的話

3、，我會(huì)馬上走。(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，事實(shí)上我不可能是你)虛擬語氣在 在條件從句中混合條件句:有時(shí)主句和從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在不同的時(shí)間，這時(shí)主、從句謂語動(dòng)詞的虛擬語氣形式因時(shí)間不同而不同，這就叫混合條件句。If you your father advice,had takenYou in the traffic jam now.wouldnt have trappedIf +主 +had done sth, 主+would/should/could/might +動(dòng)詞完成式（have done）If he had worked hard, he would have passed the examina

4、tion.1.如果他努力學(xué)的話，他就通過這次考試。If I had married her, I would have been unhappy.2.要是當(dāng)時(shí)我和她結(jié)了婚的話，那我是很不幸的。與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句如果我是你，我就聽從他的建議。If I were you, I would have taken his advice.從句表示現(xiàn)在，主句表示過去如果你聽我的話，現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)這么糟糕了。從句表示過去，主句表示現(xiàn)在如果這些天一直沒下雨，我們現(xiàn)在可以進(jìn)行工作了。從句表過去進(jìn)行，主句表現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行If you had listened to me, you might not be in s

5、uch trouble now.If it hadnt been raining those days, we should be going on with the works.If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now.如果你當(dāng)時(shí)聽了我的話，現(xiàn)在就能完成這份工作了。（從句說明過去，主句說明現(xiàn)在。）If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.如果我是你，我就去參加她的生日晚會(huì)了。（從句說明現(xiàn)在，主句說明過去。） If you h

6、adnt lent me some money, I couldnt have bought the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now.假若你不借錢給我， 我不可能買下這幢新房，很可能現(xiàn)在還住在危房里。（從句說明過去，主句說明過去和現(xiàn)在。） 1. 如果過去天氣好的話，現(xiàn)在莊稼長得更好了 If the weather _finer, the crops _still better. 2.如果你聽了老師的建議的話，你現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在醫(yī)院里了 If you _ the teachers

7、 advice, you _ in the hospital. 3. 如果你身體狀況好一些的話，我們本可能會(huì)讓你去幫助他們工作的 If you in better health,we _ you to go there to help their work.had beencould have allowedwould be growinghad followedwouldnt bewereIf虛擬句的省略和倒裝1. _the exam, he would have attend a college.A. If he passed B. Had he passedC. Were he pass

8、ed D. If he should pass2._five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.A. If you should arrive B. If you arriveC. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive 含蓄條件句Eg. Without /But for your help, we would not have made such rapid progress.1.I was ill that day. 0therwise, I _ (take ) part in the sports

9、 meet.2.I _ (give) you more help, but I was too busy.3.A man who stopped drinking _ (be) dead in seven days.4.But for water, it _ (be) impossible to live in the desert.would have takenmight have given would be would be 1. 條件暗含在短語中。如： What would I have done without you? (條件暗含在分詞短語without you中) It wou

10、ld be easier to do it this way. (條件暗含在不定式短語to do it this way 中) But for your help we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment. (暗含條件是but for your help)2. 條件暗含在上下文中。如： You might stay here forever. (可能暗含if you wanted to) We would have succeeded. (可能暗含if we had kept trying) Your reputation would be rui

11、ned. (可能暗含if you should accept it)I would appreciate a little of your time. (可能暗含if you were so kind as to give me a little of your time)虛擬語氣Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed2. If I had known you were coming, I _ you at the airport.

12、 A. had met B. met C. would meet D. would have metMore ExercisesAD虛擬語氣6. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得飽), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D. should get7. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. been8. I _

13、 you some money, but I hadnt got any then. A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lentCAB_I you, I would go with him to the party. A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. WereIf it_ tomorrow, I wouldnt attend the party. A. rain B. rains C. had rained D. were to rain I would have gone to

14、 the meeting if I _ time. A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have hadHad you listened to the doctor，you _ all right. A. areB. were C. would beD. would have beenWithout sunlight , or water or air , there _ no life on the earth . A will have B would be C can be D must be But for the snow , we _ ea

15、rlier . A will arrive B would have arrived C arrive D arrived 高考沖刺1. If he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.(2010,天津)A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow2. John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him.(2010,重慶) A. should tell B. tell

16、s C. told D. had told 3. If we _ the other road ,we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.(2010,陜西) A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken4. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy .(2010,浙江)A. would have been savedB. had been saved C. will be savedD.

17、was saved5.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 6. Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be7.-Why didnt you come to the party yesterday? -I wouldhave, but an une

18、xpected visitor _ to see me. A. came B. would come C. had come D. was coming 虛擬語氣6.在as if 從句中，常用虛擬形式，即表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，用過去式；與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成式 (had done).一、as if (as though) 連接表語從句 she looked as if she were made of ice. 她看起來似乎是冰做的 he looked as if he hadnt slept for two days.二、as if 連接讓步狀語從 句 She looked after the boy as if he were her own son. 她照顧這男孩就像自己的兒子一樣。He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他給我們講的好象他去過那兒。 虛擬語氣在 在 as if 從句中 區(qū)別： He speaks English as if/ though he is from the USA.陳述語氣He speaks English