2022-2023學年江蘇省丹陽市高三第一次模擬考試英語試卷含解析

1、2022-2023學年高考英語模擬試卷注意事項1考試結束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回2答題前，請務必將自己的姓名、準考證號用05毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆填寫在試卷及答題卡的規(guī)定位置3請認真核對監(jiān)考員在答題卡上所粘貼的條形碼上的姓名、準考證號與本人是否相符4作答選擇題，必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應選項的方框涂滿、涂黑；如需改動，請用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案作答非選擇題，必須用05毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆在答題卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律無效5如需作圖，須用2B鉛筆繪、寫清楚，線條、符號等須加黑、加粗第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1Please call my sec

2、retary to arrange a meeting this afternoon，or_ it is convenient to you.AwhereverBhoweverCwhicheverDwhenever2Some business owners are keen on public welfare. This is local services have been funded.AwhetherBwhatCwhereDhow3- Excuse me, where can I get my car filled up?- There are gas stations at_end o

3、f the blockAbothBneitherCeitherDall4You look beautiful in this dress and there is only one of this kind left here. I wonder if you would buy _.AitBoneCsomeDany5In the early morning all of us stood at the top of the mountain _ east of the city, watching _burning sun rising.A/; aBthe; aCthe; theD/; th

4、e6Working hard is not a _ of great success, but it is among the essential requirements.AsignBsignalCguaranteeDmark7_ exactly what was wrong with him, the doctors gave him a complete examination.ATo discover BDiscovering CDiscovered DHaving been discovered8The real reason why prices _ , and still are

5、, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.AwereBwill beChave beenDhad been9He _ whether to set aside the minor differences，then he didAdebatedBpredictedCplottedDcalculated10Jenny，how did your math exam go?I thought I _，but in fact I came in the top 10% in

6、 the class.Amight have failedBcouldnt have failedCshould have failedDmustnt have failed11-_ should we look down upon the poor. -Im with you on that.ABy all meansBBy any meansCBy means ofDBy no means12Everyone in the village hoped that he would _ after a few days treatment.Apick upBcome upCkeep upDma

7、ke up13Opening the door, MrsSummers found family of cats shut in the bathroomAa; 不填Ba; theCthe; 不填Dthe; the14A heavy sandstorm is going to envelop our city. It is unwise to have your car .Awash BwashedCwashing Dto wash15merchant Amachine Bachieve Cstomach Dtechnology16Cambridge gave a positive answe

8、r inquiries on whether it recognizes gaokao scores.Ain favor ofBin response toCin salute toDin consequence of17.-Would you have told him the answer had it been possible? .-I would have, but I _ so busy then. Ahad been Bwere Cwas Dwould be18A good government is not to pick technologies, but to establ

9、ish conditions _ innovation is supported and encouraged into the marketplace.AwhenBthatCasDwhere19Many people complained about the stones lying on a road, but _ did anything about getting the stones out of the way.AbothBno oneCnoneDall20Upon entering a “new era”, what we now face is the _ between un

10、balanced and inadequate development and the peoples ever-growing needs for a better life.Aadministration Bviolation Ccontradiction Dpresentation第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分）Most of us dont reach for that gnarled (多節(jié)的) carrots when selecting our produce at the local supermar

11、ket. Thats exactly why Americans waste up to 40% of eatable food every year. This unbelievable number has sparked the “ugly food” movement, and inspired many companies to sell misshapen fruit and vegetables to consumers, rather than throw them in the trash.One San Francisco organization is taking a

12、unique approach to this idea. The Salvage Supperclub hosts fancy dinners inside dumper truck (卸車) where they serve dishes entirely prepared with food that would have otherwise gone to waste.Josh Treuhaft, founder of these ugly food dinners, originally came up with the idea 10 bring awareness to Amer

13、icas food waste problem. “There is undeveloped potential in their food that for some reason, not to their own fault, is going to waste,” he told Seekers Laura Ling.Treuhaft isnt alone in his effort to reduce Americas food waste. A Change, org last year willed for Whole Foods to become part of the ug

14、ly food movement. They sold misshapen fruit and vegetables in Northern California stores.Selling imperfect produce is still relatively rare right now, which can be partially due to a supply issue rather than a lack of willing participants. Raleys, a Sacramento-based grocery chain, started an ugly fo

15、od pilot program called “Real Good”, but discontinued it after 90 days saying they had “some challenges sourcing the product”. A grower might have large amounts of ugly produce one year due to terrible weather, but much less the next year if the weather has been more ideal. Harvests constantly vary

16、and retailers are more likely to buy ugly produce in large number rather than just a few pounds at a time.This is why organizations like Imperfect Produce and Salvage Supperclub are playing an important role in the prevention of food waste. Salvage Supperclub takes it a step further by not only buyi

17、ng the ugly produce, but turning it into a good dining experience as well.1、What can we infer from Paragraph 1?APeople usually prefer Rood-looking produce.BGnarled carrots mostly appear in the supermarket.CMany companies find new business opportunities.DAmericans eat less fruit and vegetables than e

18、xpected.2、Why does the Salvage Supperclub have dinners inside the dumper truck?ATo prove his fancy idea.BTo remind people not to waste.CTo show waste can be eaten.DTo advise people lo dine in dumper truck.3、Whats Josh Treuhafts advice to reduce Americas food waste?APeople should reduce the ugly food

19、.BPeople should make full use of ugly food.CPeople should be more aware of food shortage.DPeople should develop their potential in producing food.4、Why did Raleys stop its “Real Good” after 90 days?ARetailers pursuing larger profit.BBad harvests due to bad weather.CLack of steady sources of produce.

20、DPeoples unwillingness to buy imperfect produce.22（8分） Some colors people see late at night could cause signs of clinical(臨床的)depression(沮喪). That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individuals(個人) who live or work in low levels of light overnight(整夜) ca

21、n develop clinical depression. Doctors use the word “clinical depression” to describe severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.In the new study, American investigators designed an experiment that

22、exposed hamsters(倉鼠)to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal, which means they sleep during the day and are active at night.The animals were separated into four groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their night-time period. Another group was

23、placed in front of a blue light, a third group slept in front of a white light, while a fourth was put in front of a red light.After four weeks, the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the most depressed animals drank the least amount of water.Randy Nelson hea

24、ds the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University. He says animals that slept in blue and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is that these animals didnt show any sleep uneasiness(不安) at all but they did mess up biological clock genes and they did show depressive sig

25、n while if they were in the dim(微弱)red light, they did not.”Randy Nelson notes that photosensitive(感光)cells in the eyes have little to do with eyesight. He says these cells send signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the natural sleep-wake cycle.He says theres a lot of b

26、lue in white light. This explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing red light or darkness.1、Researchers use hamsters in the experiment because _.Athey are similar to humans in dealing with colorsBthey are easy to observe and studyCthey a

27、re sensitive to colors like human beingsDthey are active at night and sleep during the day2、What sign shows that the hamsters are being depressed?AThey drink less sugary water.BThey dont sleep well.CTheir eyesight becomes worse.DTheir energy level becomes low.3、_ tends to cause hamsters to be depres

28、sed.ADim lightBRed lightCBlue lightDDarkness4、What can help people who work late at night to avoid being depressed?ANot being exposed to dim red light when using computers.BEquipping their computer screens to put it more in the reddish light.CLiving or working in low levels of light overnight.DGoing

29、 to see doctors of clinical depression regularly for help.23（8分） Fabien Cousteau was born with deep love for the ocean. His grandfather and his father were ocean explorers and documentary filmmakers. Fabien spent his early years on his grandfathers ships. Today, Fabien follows in his familys footste

30、ps to protect the planets endangered ocean life. With his vast knowledge and experience, he tries to strike a balance between environmental problems and market economies.Fabien is well known for his study of sharks. During 2000-2002, he created a TV special called Attack of the Mystery Shark based o

31、n the shark attacks that occurred along the New Jersey shoreline in the summer of 1916. Then in 2003-2006, with the help of a large crew, Fabien created a shark submarine (潛艇) that enabled him to put himself inside the shark world, providing people with a rare view of the mysterious and often misund

32、erstood creatures.For the next four years (2006-2010), Fabien was part of a series called, Ocean Adventures, which offered a rare look into some of the most fantastic ocean species (物種) and environments.In 2010, Fabien started Plant A Fish, a nonprofit project for children to help restore local wate

33、r ecosystems by replanting key ocean species. Save the world, one fish at a time. The project is still in progress now and its final goal is to plant 1 billion “fish” worldwide.From June 1 to July 2, 2014, Fabien and his team spent 31 days underwater to research how climate change and pollution are

34、affecting the oceans. Fabiens Mission 31 broke new ground by going deeper, longer and further, exposing (顯露) the world to the adventure and the mystique (神秘) of what lies beneath.Fabien is currently working on a documentary film about the adventures of Mission 31, as well as building an Ocean Learni

35、ng Center to provide children around the world with the opportunity to learn about oceans and engage with ocean explorers directly through social media.1、What is Not Fabiens job?AOcean explorerBDocumentary filmmakerCEnvironmentalistDMedia manager2、How is Paragraph 2 developed?ABy providing facts.BBy

36、 offering analyses.CBy making comparisons.DBy drawing conclusions.3、We can learn from the text that _.AFabiens “Plant A Fish” project has already achieved its final goalBFabiens Mission 31 broke the records of former ocean explorationsCFabiens TV special about sharks is based on his childhood experi

37、encesDIt took Fabien four years to produce Ocean Adventures all on his own4、In which part of a website can we read the text?AModern Technology.BSpace Exploration.COutstanding Figures.DFantastic Wildlife.24（8分）A Safe Personal Alarm MOST EFFECTIVE DEFENSELoud: 125dB ear-piercing (刺耳的) panic alarm that

38、 scares away attackersProven to be more effective than pepper spray as a defense toolAlso commonly used by seniors to call for help in case of fallingSUPER EASY TO USESimply pull the pin, and this ear-piercing alarm will work for up to a half hour of continuous soundPlug the pin back in to stop the

39、alarm(Can be re-used over and over again)Easily attaches to keys, purses, backpacks or beltsWHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING“Extremely pleased with my personal alarm system I feel much safer in my everyday life having it in my pocket or handbagA friend recently had an unsettling experience in an outdoor parki

40、ng lot of a grocery store, so I ordered this product for herShe was delighted to receive it and to have the added protection and peace of mind it offers.”Jillian Thompson from Chicago, IL “Oh my WORD! This is SO loud! Its perfect to call attention to an unwanted situation or to call attention to any

41、thing where you may need assistanceI got myself one and one for each of my kidsThe pin releases easily BUT it doesnt seem to just fall out either so you can carry with ease and wont have to worry about setting it offBut if you do, its easy to slip it right back inHaha! A little pull will give you a

42、real good idea what its capable of, I promise.”Angela Kelley from Palo Alto, CA “Bought three for the young women in our family They were all very happy with the ease of use and how LOUD it isWould definitely buy again.”Billy Perkins from Indianapolis, IN Are you ready to protect yourself and your l

43、oved ones from the bad guys?1、How does the safe personal alarm work?ALoud and continuous noise gives warning or calls for help when someone is in dangerBIt can be used as a sharp knife to drive away attackers and effectively protect its userCIn times of danger, it can go off automatically and last u

44、ntil assistance is successfully givenDA pull can help its user to avoid an unwanted situation or warn its user of possible danger2、The safe personal alarm is particularly useful for Asomeone who is looking for a gift for his familyBa student who has trouble waking up for schoolCkids, ladies, or seni

45、ors in time of troubleDanyone who has a deep love for his family3、“WHAT PEOPLE ARE SAYING” is attached here mainly to Aexplain the use of the product Bpromote the advertised productCshow great thanks to the producer Dshare experience with readers25（10分）Scientists have found living organisms trapped

46、in crystals (晶體) that could be 50,000 years old.The organisms were found in a hot, but beautiful cave system in Naica, Mexico. These ancient life forms can be seen only with a microscope. Penelope Boston, who leads the Astrobiology Institute at NASA, the space agency of the United States, says the a

47、ncient microbes were able to live by eating minerals such as iron.She spoke about the discovery recently at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. If the findings are confirmed, they will show how microbes can survive in extreme conditions. Forty different kinds of mic

48、robes and some viruses were found in the underground area. The genetic structures of these organisms are 10 percent different from those of their nearest relatives.The caves in Naica are 800 kilometers deep. They were once used for mining lead. Before the miners began working in the caves, the area

49、was separated from the surface and the outside world. Some of the caves are as big as the large religious centers built during Europes Middle Ages. There are crystals covering the walls. The caves are so hot that scientists must wear special clothing to keep cool. The clothing keeps the crystals saf

50、e from human germs (病菌) or other damage. Boston said the researchers could only work for about 20 minutes at a time before they had to go to a room that was 38 degrees Celsius to cool down.NASA officials would not let Boston share her findings with scientific experts before last weeks announcement.

51、So scientists could not say much about the findings. But Norine Noonan, a biologist with the University of South Florida, said she believed them. “Why are we surprised?” Noonan asked. “As a biologist, I would say life on earth is extremely tough and extremely colorful.”Boston is also studying microb

52、es commonly found inside caves in other countries, such as Ukraine and the United States. These microbes appear to be impossible to kill. Boston said they show how difficult life on earth can be.1、The existence of the ancient microbes relies on .Asurrounding insects Beating mineralsCdiverse plants D

53、absorbing air2、What can we infer about the caves in Naica from the passage?AThe walls were built during Middle Ages.BThe temperature in the caves is quite low.CThe environment in the caves is difficult to adapt to.DThe caves have been explored since they were formed.3、What is the biologist Norine No

54、onans attitude towards the findings?ANeutral. BDoubtful.CPositive. DIndifferent.4、Whats the main idea of the passage?ALiving organisms bring hope to scientific research.BCaves provide living environment for living organisms.CMicrobes show great power to survive in terrible conditions.DScientists dis

55、cover 50,000-year-old “super life” in Mexico.第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項26（30分）Lukas Kusters grew up in Wilmington, Deleware, loving the sport of football! He was so good at it that he became 1 to his team as “The Dutch Destroyer”. His 2 was to play

56、in the National Football League (NFL) one day for his favorite 3 the Philadelphia Eagles.When Lukas was just 9, he 4 that he had a rare form of cancer. His battle 5 several months and he 6 the disease as hard as ever.During his fight with cancer, the quarterback of the Eagles, Carson Wentz heard abo

57、ut Lukas? illness. Wentz and his teammates decided to 7 a video to send it to Lukas in the hospital, 8 him well.While receiving the video from the Eagles was 9 , it was Lukas 10 that was even more surprising. In the face of his massive and 11 illness, all that Lukas wanted to do was to show 12 to Ca

58、rson Wentz by giving him one of his w Dutch Destroyer” wrist bands.Through the Make a Wish Foundation, Wentz and his Eagle teammates 13 to visit Lukas in the hospital. They spent a 14 day together and Lukas thanked Wentz by giving him a wrist band. Not long after, Wentz took the 15 wearing the brace

59、let (手環(huán)) in an NFL game! People around the world took 16 in Lukas, his story of 17 and gratitude (感激) and his “Dutch Destroyer” bracelets. People started to buy that kind of bracelets. Thousands of dollars from 18 the bracelets went to help other families battling childhood cancer. 19 cancer took Lu

60、kas from the world, he left a(n) 20 legacy (遺產) that live on around the world.1、Aheld Badvised Cpunished Dknown2、Aorigin Bdream Copinion Dorder3、Aleader Bhero Cteam Dtrainer4、Alearned Bregretted Cpredicted Dassumed5、Awon Bprevented Clasted Dprotected6、Aprepared for Bcalled on Cfought for Dcompeted a