2020年高考英語閱讀理解專項訓練05推理判斷題練習

1、33. Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?33. Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?傳統(tǒng)閱讀推理判斷題D （2019-I ）During the rosy years of elementary school （ 小學 ） , I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my

2、tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psyc

3、hology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there s the kind of popularity tha

4、t appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein s studies show unpleasant consequenTcheoss.e who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “ most likely to engag

5、e（ 從事 ） in dangerous and risky behavior.”In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys（ 調(diào)查研究 ） . “ We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive ove

6、r time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, ki

7、ndness, openness carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In analyzing his and other research,Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. Being like

8、d creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?A. Unkind.B. Lonely.C. Generous. D. Cool.What is the second paragraph mainly about ？A. The classificatio

9、n of the popular.B. The characteristics of adolescents.C. The importance of interpersonal skills.D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.What did Dr. Prinstein s study find about the most liked k?idsA. They appeared to be aggressive.B. They tended to be more adaptable.A. They appeared to be aggressiv

10、e.B. They tended to be more adaptable.C. They enjoyed the highest status.D. They performed well academically.C. They enjoyed the highest status.D. They performed well academically.What is the best title for the text?A. Be Nice- You Won A. Be Nice- You Won t Finish LastB. The Higher the Status, the B

11、eerC. Be the Best-You Can Make ItD. More Self-Control, Less AggressivenessC. Be the Best-You Can Make ItD（2018-I）We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices（裝置）well after they

12、go out of style. That s bad news for the environmentand our wallets as these outdated devices consume much moreenergy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New Yor

13、k tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers,basic mobile phone

14、s,and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002,before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices,however,we didnt throw out our old ones. The living-room television is replaced

15、 and gets planted in the kids room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house, said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. Were not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them. According to the anal

16、ysis of Babbitts team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放） more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution （解決方案） ? The teams data only went up to 2007, b

17、ut the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers coul

18、d cut energy consumption by 44%.What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.A. To reduce the cos

19、t of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology. D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV .B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.What does the text suggest people d

20、o about old electronic devices?Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.D(2017-II)When a leafy plant is under attack , it doesn t sit quieBlyck in 1983 , two scientists , Jack Schultz andIan Baldwin , reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a part

21、icular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds , VOCs for short.Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out

22、VOCs when being attacked. It s a plant s way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbors react.Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natura

23、l enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive , the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant , but the neighbors , relatively speaking

24、 , stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.Does this mean that plants talk t o each other? Scientists don . Mtaybowthe first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened t

25、o“ overhear So information was exchanged , but it wasn t a, trueintentional back and forth.Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(親密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There s a whole lot going o n 32. What does a plant do w

26、hen it is under attack?A. It makes noises.B. It gets help from other plants.C. It stands quietlyD. It sends out certain chemicals.33. What does the author mean bythe tables are turnedin paragraph 3?33. What does the author mean bythe tables are turnedin paragraph 3?A. The attackers get attacked.The

27、insects gather under the table.The plants get ready to fight back.The perfumes attract natural enemies.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .A. predict natural disastersB. protect themselves against insectsC. talk to one another intentionallyD. help their neighbors when necessaryWhat c

28、an we infer from the last paragraph?The word is changing faster than ever.People have stronger senses than beforeThe world is more complex than it seemsPeople in Darwin s time were more imaginativeB(2017-III)Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweep

29、ing up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater s 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in prepa

30、ration for the building end.The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater . Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-be to the old building . Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie

31、 because it seemed appropriate . The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down .Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete . He added that the theaters location(位置)was also a reason. This used to be the

32、center of town,“ he said. Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses .”Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold

33、the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located .The theater audience said good-by as Bradford locked the doors for the last time . After 75 years the Plaza Theater has shown its last movie . The theater will be miss

34、ed .In what way was yesterdays cleanup at the Plaza special?A . It made room for new equipment .B . It signaled the closedown of the theater.A . It made room for new equipment .B . It signaled the closedown of the theater.C It was done with the help of the audience D It marked the 75th anniversary o

35、f the theater Why was The Last Picture Show put on?A It was an all-time classic.B A It was an all-time classic.C The audience requested it.D The theater owner found it suitable What will probably happen to the building?It will be turned into a museum It will be sold to the city governmentA It will b

36、e turned into a museum It will be sold to the city governmentC It will be knocked down.DWhat can we infer about the audience?A They are disappointed with Bradford B They are sad to part with the old theater.C They are supportive of the city officials D They are eager to have a shopping center.D(2016

37、-II)A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.Frank Hurley psictures would be outstandingundoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism-if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck( 海灘 ), by

38、a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of sea

39、men and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica s Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog s!Bd() across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the So

40、uth Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott s last johuernleay, icnoamtpelnet ed asdying of cold and hu

41、nger, caught the world ims agination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a con

42、fident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?A They were made last weekB They showed undersea sceneries33. What can we infer about people like Debbie Dow

43、ner?33. What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?33. What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?33. What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?C They were found by a cameramanD They recorded a disastrous adventureWho reached the South Pole first according to the text?A Frank H

44、urleyBErnest ShackletonC Robert Falcon ScottDCaroline AlexanderWhat does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?A Artistic creationBScientific researchC Money makingDTreasure huntingD（2016-III）Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those a

45、re the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored （ 監(jiān)控 ） in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people -m aislseand online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and far

46、ther than disasters and sob stories.“ The ifit bleeds rule works for mass media, ” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “ They want your eyeballs and don t care how you. But whrenfeyeoluinsghare a story withyour friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don wtant them to think of you as a Debbie Downer. ”Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversationsfound that it tended to be more positive than negative（消極的）,but that didn necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positi