初中形容詞知識點總結(jié)

I.限定用法（定語）a.形容詞(一個字)+名詞Theoldmanlivedinasmallvillage.Hiselderbrotherisafamousmusician.b.名詞+形容詞(~thing,~body,~one等,兩個字或以上的形容詞片語和子句)Iwanttodrinksomething.Isthereanythinginterestingintoday’spaperIdon’tlikeridingonfullofpeople.rideontrain搭乘火車Hetriedtoclimbafencetwometers.Heisaboy(whois)fiveyears.Heisafive-year-oldboy.2.敘述用法（表語）主詞補語Seawatertastes.Therainbowisverybeautiful.受詞補語You’llfindthebookdifficult.Ileftthewindows.使開著(adj.)Iletthewindowsbeopened.使被打開(v.)重點只能用限定用法的形容詞(定語形容詞)inner里面的onlyThisisawoodenLive/livingmere只~house.dailymainHeisamerechild.他不過是孩子lone孤單的,古wooden語upper上面的只能用敘述用法(表語形容詞)asleepawakewellcontentgladalivealoneafraidawareI’mafraidofdog.Thebabyisstillasleep.Areyouawareofyourmistakes限定用法和敘述用法意思不同的形容詞Imetacertainlady.某一個Itisquitecertain.確定Heismypresentassistant.目前Heispresenttoday.出席absent缺席ThelateMr.Smithwasanableman.已故Hewaslateforthemeeting.遲到Shegavemeafond.溫柔的Iamveryfondoficecream.喜歡3.形容詞的位置：1)形容詞作定語通常前置，但在下列情況后置：修飾some,any,every,no和body,nobodyabsent,thing,one等構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞時everythingpossiblethebestbookavailable,以-able,-ible結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于solution有最高級或only修飾的名詞之后theonlypersonawakeabridge50meterslongahugeroomsimpleandbeautifulamandifficulttogeton2)多個形容詞修飾同一個名詞的順序：指示代詞大小長短形狀代詞所有格名詞fougoodensucanoth3)復合形容詞的構(gòu)成：形容詞+名dark-blue副詞+過去分詞10數(shù)詞+名詞twenty-year復合形容詞有下列五類例句:hebehaveshimselfwell.形容詞-連綴動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞agood-lookingman名詞-名詞ed形容詞-及物動詞的過去分詞awhite-paintedwall名詞-現(xiàn)在分詞(主動)apeace-lovingpeople名詞-過去分詞(被動)ahand-madecakeababy-facedgirl形容詞-名詞edaopen-mindedleader數(shù)詞-名詞edatwo-headedmonsterathree-leggedtableasecond-handcar.three-minute副詞-現(xiàn)在分詞(主動)arapidly-movingtornado副詞-過去分詞(被動)awell-behavedboyfirst-class一流的three-year-oldten-meter-longbehavevt.[后接修飾詞語]止…4.特別注意的形容詞用法不能以人為主詞的形容詞dangerous,difficult,hard,easy,useful,useless,tough,convenient,important,necessary,regrettable遺憾的,natural,possible貌似這些形容詞都是人做某事才能體現(xiàn)只能用Itbe形容詞for人toVItisnecessaryforyoutoseeadoctor.Isitpossibleforyoutoattendthemeeting以人為主詞的形容詞都是與情緒有關(guān)的形容詞angry,ashamed,delighted,disappointed,excited,glad,happy,proud,sorry,thankfulWewereexcitedaboutthebaseballgame.Thegamewasexcitingforus.The+形容詞Thericharenotalwayshappy.Wesearchforthetrue,thegood,andthebeautiful.形容詞的副詞用法Itisburning.天氣熱的厲害Itisfreezingcold.Theyweredeadasleep.睡得很熟5.數(shù)量形容詞many/muchdoyouhavemanybooksinyourstudyThey’vespentmuchmoneyonadverting.否定句中的notmany/much可譯成[不太多]Thisgardendoesn’thavemanytrees.Mysonhasn’tmademuchmoney.口語中,可用alotof,lotsof,plenty代替many/muchTherewerealotof/lotsof/plentyofpeopleintheshop.Sheatealotof/lotsof/plentyoficecream.Alargenumberof=largenumbersofnumber中文有[數(shù)數(shù)]的意思,故后接可數(shù)名詞Alargeamountof=largeamountofamount指[量],故后接不可數(shù)名詞afew/fewb.afew=somefew=notmany(幾乎沒有)表否定,不可和not同時出現(xiàn)Thereareafewvegetablesintherefrigerator.Fewpeoplewereinjuredintheaccident.幾乎沒有alittle/littlec.alittle=somelittle=notmuch幾乎沒有Ihavealittlemoneywithme.Weneedlittlebuttertomakethiscake.Thelittleofhisworkthatremainsshouldbedonewithinatoday.口語中,可用notmany/hardlyany代替few可用notmuchhardlyany代替littleTherewerenotmanyhardlyanypeopleinthepark.Thereisnotmuch/hardlyanydangerofanearthquake.some/anyd.some的用法肯定句SomestudentstakelessonsinSpanish.語言前用in表示邀請的疑問句Won’tyouhavesomemoreteaAny