2020年矩形繞線機(jī)的張力控制外文翻譯精編版

精選文檔精選文檔外文資料翻譯題目：矩形繞線機(jī)的張力控制附件：1?外文資料翻譯譯文；2?外文原文。附件1：外文資料翻譯譯文矩形繞線機(jī)的張力控制彭問及卡里斯特普爾頓

工學(xué)部和測量

南昆士蘭大學(xué)圖文巴4350,QLD，澳大利亞

電子郵箱：pengwen@.au

閆離部與計(jì)算數(shù)學(xué)

南昆士蘭大學(xué)圖文巴4350，QLD，澳大利亞

電子郵件：liyan@.au摘要本文介紹的是設(shè)計(jì)張力控制系統(tǒng)的測試，盡量減小張力的變化，其中包括流體動(dòng)力占用肌肉手臂，流體蓄電池肌肉。首先，確定該模型和現(xiàn)有張緊系統(tǒng)。之后，在模擬上進(jìn)行理論的分析。仿真結(jié)果表明，電線由于速度的變化產(chǎn)生的長度變化的導(dǎo)致循環(huán)緊張波動(dòng)。該模型的張力傳感器驗(yàn)證了預(yù)測。成功設(shè)計(jì)的關(guān)鍵是消除張力的變化。我們建議增加一項(xiàng)線平機(jī)，其中包括一個(gè)蓄電池和拉緊裝置，取代傳統(tǒng)的氣缸與流體供電肌肉累加器。仿真結(jié)果表明，新的原型系統(tǒng)幾乎增加了一倍的繞線速度和承受的張力波動(dòng)的能力。關(guān)鍵詞：張力控制，繞線機(jī)，矩形線圈一?引言每年在澳大利亞要制造數(shù)以千計(jì)的變壓器，連同電廠、變電站和電力線路，配電變壓器為全國的商業(yè)及住宅提供電能。變壓器制造涉及繞組線圈生產(chǎn)。這些線圈通常由一對銅線在匝數(shù)之間夾上的絕緣紙層制成。它們通常是圓形或長方形。在線圈繞組上必須保持一致的張力。線圈的形狀對所采用的由拉緊產(chǎn)生的張力產(chǎn)生重大影響。對于一個(gè)圓形線圈的張力不會變化顯著，但矩形線圈則不同。作為一個(gè)矩形線圈，在送絲線圈上加快速度，減速的線圈會纏繞在機(jī)軸上。如圖1所示，這個(gè)速度的變化是由不斷變化的線的長度導(dǎo)致。在圓線圈的情況下這不會有問題，因?yàn)樵诰€圈上導(dǎo)線的接觸點(diǎn)是固定的。旋轉(zhuǎn)簡管圖1:速度的變化導(dǎo)致繞組上線長度變化在機(jī)器上的導(dǎo)線和不同的主軸負(fù)荷緊張的結(jié)果各不相同，導(dǎo)致過度的力的變化和機(jī)械振動(dòng)。這反過來可能會導(dǎo)致變化中的線圈電線交叉。當(dāng)這些問題出現(xiàn)，糾正起來時(shí)很費(fèi)時(shí)間的。此外，工廠的產(chǎn)能線圈，在工廠的生產(chǎn)能力線圈是在工廠的總體能力的制約因素，因此任何對線圈的輸出中斷都會影響到全廠。當(dāng)今市場上普通線材的張緊設(shè)置，是運(yùn)行在約5米/秒到30米/秒之間。我們通常的繞線速度超過10米/秒，公司的目標(biāo)是0.45毫米至4毫米的線達(dá)到至少20米/秒的速度。本文進(jìn)一步考察了張力的波動(dòng)問題，并且在高速的繞線矩形線圈取得一致的張力關(guān)系。在下面的部分問題的作了說明，為現(xiàn)有的可用技術(shù)做了綜述。二背景如圖2所示，現(xiàn)有的卷繞系統(tǒng)使用感受到張緊墊，閥芯的電線被安裝到其住房垂直并且該線是通過導(dǎo)絲、導(dǎo)輪，然后到繞線機(jī)。張力的控制室通過的固定或松開鉗子來實(shí)現(xiàn)。圖2：現(xiàn)有電線的安裝和張力的設(shè)置毛氈墊是最簡單，最常用的線張力控制的方法之一。圖2照片顯示主要組成部分和工作原理。上面的配置使用克鉗套用擠壓力量的感覺墊。該線是穿過感覺墊，因此應(yīng)用的感覺墊一些力也適用于電線。在操作中，運(yùn)動(dòng)線路遲緩或張力的創(chuàng)建，對牙釉質(zhì)的感覺墊絲摩擦表面的摩擦。機(jī)器操作線程的電線通過指導(dǎo)和滑輪和調(diào)整鎖模力手動(dòng)和直觀地表現(xiàn)出來。其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：簡單，隨時(shí)可用，便宜，適應(yīng)任何運(yùn)行速度。缺點(diǎn)也是顯而易見的。墊磨損很快，導(dǎo)致緊張局勢的損失，該作用力僅和一般的速度無關(guān)，必須加強(qiáng)和更換頻繁，直觀的張力設(shè)置不允許良好的控制和沒有線軸形狀補(bǔ)償。三?模型識別導(dǎo)線從線軸穿過的張力裝置，通過機(jī)器，并上矩形線圈。該系統(tǒng)簡化，如圖1所示的只是一個(gè)固定的饋送點(diǎn)，那里的張力被應(yīng)用，旋轉(zhuǎn)矩形代表筒子或線圈。理想的運(yùn)行速度為1000轉(zhuǎn)。給出了一個(gè)線速10-30米/秒取決于在一特定時(shí)刻線圈的大小。圖3顯示了由筒子長方形生產(chǎn)線速度的變化。

G討G討1^1岀：533533SC占竝9-圖3：線速度的變化圖4顯示了線加速度的變化，這也可以通過該行或圖形的速度衍生斜坡看到。統(tǒng)加速度變化1Ir-ECC統(tǒng)加速度變化1Ir-ECC-l：CCt“in凸】22l^C?cc0*圖4：線加速度變化線路路徑長度的變化，從固定的饋點(diǎn)到纏線點(diǎn)，如圖5所示。踐長度的變化TOC\o"1-5"\h\z7；屮?飛350"“^1”I^”i0J宀.E%0?I匚3Mh///'/:||/'//.I:/t.f'|承f1丄□ad1QQ1Wme7Si3K>1?IQD圖5：線長度的變化四?原型系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)圖6中的系統(tǒng)集成了一個(gè)相對較新的氣動(dòng)裝置稱為流體肌肉。流體肌肉由無紡布和柔性材料制造而成，在空氣壓力下運(yùn)作，在膨脹的壓力下向橫向和縱向擴(kuò)展。預(yù)置壓力決定的最高和最低的力量也將適用于特定的收縮。肌肉非常類似于傳統(tǒng)的氣缸，除了它有一個(gè)非常快速的反應(yīng)，并沒有什么不同高度動(dòng)態(tài)彈簧。它還行為緊張和不壓縮，可以適用于除傳統(tǒng)的氣缸相同直徑的10倍以上的力量。肌肉控制舞蹈手臂的動(dòng)作，并采取了釋放導(dǎo)線的力道。這種壓力設(shè)置適應(yīng)所需的電線一系列張力變化。旋轉(zhuǎn)筒管旋轉(zhuǎn)筒管圖6：流體動(dòng)力舞蹈手臂肌肉旋轉(zhuǎn)簡管累加器固定鍛迭點(diǎn)旋轉(zhuǎn)簡管累加器固定鍛迭點(diǎn)圖7：流體動(dòng)力蓄電池肌肉肌肉的流體動(dòng)力蓄電池原型系統(tǒng)如圖7所示的氣缸使用的蓄電池，是與肌肉所取代，操作大致是相同的。信號以mV顯示，張力范圍大概在75N到85N之間，用于測試的線直徑為1.5mm,在信號嘈雜的情況下，張力的變化可以清楚地觀察到。五?實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果及分析實(shí)驗(yàn)使用上述反應(yīng)構(gòu)建原型系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了觀察。

流體技術(shù)舞蹈手臂肌肉：低速的手臂最初有反應(yīng)，但在時(shí)間過長便急劇抽搐，如預(yù)期的一樣不均勻地運(yùn)動(dòng)。導(dǎo)線似乎比沒有手臂肌肉震動(dòng)更劇烈。第一層的繞組已經(jīng)從最初的地方向內(nèi)約300毫米。在高速時(shí)手臂沒有回應(yīng)，只是均勻的立場振動(dòng)。流體肌肉蓄電池技術(shù)：動(dòng)力蓄電池的肌肉試驗(yàn)得出了以下結(jié)果：在低速累加器根本沒有回應(yīng)。變壓力沒有顯著差異；在高速時(shí)累加器沒有回應(yīng)。由于沒有從蓄電池整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)，使電線和增加穿越振動(dòng)。在用張力傳感器搜集數(shù)據(jù)之前，蓄電池如圖8所示。最大和最小張力分別約為62N和46N。沒有累加器的1?詣電嫌線張力變化圖8：沒有累加器的張力傳感器的輸出有累加器的1■胡躍米線張力變牝0T13樣71-圖8：沒有累加器的張力傳感器的輸出有累加器的1■胡躍米線張力變牝0T13樣71-275232t29圖9有累加器的張力傳感器的輸出張力傳感器在使用時(shí)收集的累加器數(shù)據(jù)如圖9所示。最高和最低張力分別約為43N和37N。六?結(jié)論矩形線圈是配電變壓器的重要組成部分。由于線圈形狀，線圈的繞組線張力產(chǎn)生波動(dòng)。這些波動(dòng)導(dǎo)致電線破損，線圈尺寸不一致，多余的機(jī)器磨損，限制對卷繞速度和變壓器故障。從我們現(xiàn)有張力系統(tǒng)的研究，雖然發(fā)現(xiàn)流體肌肉累加器是最合適的選擇，但是不是非常滿足我們的要求。由于目前的張力系統(tǒng)，不是一個(gè)合適的補(bǔ)償接口，決定向扁平絲機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)和仿真。因此，平線中使用的氣瓶發(fā)生肌肉的機(jī)器成為可行性建議。新的繞線機(jī)將增加幾乎一倍當(dāng)前卷繞速度，估計(jì)每臺機(jī)器每年可節(jié)省約59100美元。新的張力系統(tǒng)，可以達(dá)到到500N的恒張力，而不會產(chǎn)生大量的熱量，從而克服了當(dāng)前摩擦的相關(guān)問題。參考文獻(xiàn)CaryStapleton,“WindingMachineTensionControl”，Dissertation,FacultyofEngineeringandSurveying,UniversityofsouthernQueensland,QLD,Australia,Dec.,2005K.Feldmann&D.Dobroschke,‘Innovativeapproachesforoptimisingtensioncontrol',InternationalCoilWindingJournal2004.K.Feldmann&U.Wenger,"Optimizationforwiretensioners',Proceedings:ElectricalManufacturing&CoilWindingAssociationConference.2001.T.Manning,"Tensioncontrolduringthecoilwindingprocess',Proceedings:ElectricalInsulationConferenceandElectricalManufacturing&CoilWindingAssociationConference,Apr.2005.J.Stangroom,"Tensioncontrol-newapproaches',WireIndustry59(697),33—3,1992.AnneAngermann,MaikAicher&DierkSchroder,“Time-optimaltensioncontrolforprocessingplantswithcontinuousmovingwebs”，2000IEEEIndustryApplicationsConferenceProceedings,pp.3505-3511,Wl5,Oct.8-12,2000,Rome,Italy.B.H.Freyer,I.K.Craig&P.C.Pistorius,“Gaugeandtensioncontrolduringtheaccelerationphaseofasteckelhotrollingmill,”ISIJInternational,Vol.43,No.10,pp.1562-1571,Oct.2003.BrainThomasBoulter,Y.Hou,Z.Gao&F.Jiang,“Activedisturbancerejectioncontrolforwebtensionregulationandcontrol,”2001IEEEConferenceonDecisionandControlProceedings,Vol.5,pp.4974-4979,Dec.4-7,2001,Orlando,FL,USA附件2:外文原文TensionControlofaWindingMachineforRectangularCoilsPengWenandCaryStapletonFacultyofEngineeringandSurveyingUniversityofSouthernQueensland

Toowoomba4350,QLD,Australia

Email:pengwen@.auYanLiDepartmentofMathandComputingUniversityofSouthernQueensland

Toowoomba4350,QLD,Australia

Email:liyan@.auAbstract--Thispaperintroducesthedesignandtestingoftensioncontrolprototypesystemstominimisethesetensionvariations,whichincludesafluidicmusclepoweredtakeuparm,afluidicmusclewireaccumulatorandfeltpad.Firstthemodelandtheirlimitationsforexistingtensioningsystemsareidentified.Then,theyaretheoreticallyanalysedinsimulations.Thesimulationresultsshowthattheaccelerationanddecelerationofthewireduetothechangingwirepathlengthcausesacyclictensionfluctuation.Anonlinetensionsensorverifiedthepredictionsofthemodel.Thekeyforasuccessfuldesignistoremovetensionvariations.Weproposetoaddawireflatteningmachinewhichincludesanaccumulatorandtensioningdevice,andreplacetheconventionalpneumaticcylinderpoweringtheaccumulatorwithafluidicmuscle.Thesimulationshowsthatthenewprototypesystemalmostdoublesthewindingspeedwithatolerabletensionfluctuation.Keywords一Tensioncontrol,WindingMachine,RectangularCoilI.INTRODUCTIONThousandsoftransformersaremanufacturedeachyearinAustralia.Inconjunctionwithpowerstations,substations,andpowerlines,thedistributiontransformersprovidepowertobothcommercialandresidentialapplicationsrightacrossthecountry.Themanufactureoftransformersinvolvestheproductionofwindingsorcoils.Thesecoilsaregenerallymadeupofanumberofturnsofcopperwireinbetweenlayersofinsulationpaper.Theyareusuallyeitherroundorrectangular.Duringcoilwindingaconsistenttensionisrequiredonthewire.Theshapeofthecoilbeingwoundhasasignificantimpactonthequalityofthetensionappliedbythetensioner.Foraroundcoilthetensiondoesnotvarysignificantlyduringonerevolution,butarectangularcoilcausesthewiretensiontofluctuate.Asarectangularcoilisbeingwound,thespeedofthewirefeedingontothecoilacceleratesanddeceleratesasthecoilturnsonthewindingmachineshaft.Thisisshowninfigure1below.Thisspeedvariationisduetotheconstantlychangingwirepathlength.Inthecaseofaroundcoilthisisnotaproblembecausethepointofcontactofthewireonthecoilisfixed.Rot/inpBobbinFigure1:AccelerationduetochangingwirepathlengthduringwindingThevaryingtensionresultsintheloadingonthemachinetraverseandmainshafttovary,leadingtoexcessiveforcesandmachinevibrations.Thisinturncancausewirecrossoversandvariationsinthecoil.Whentheseproblemsoccur,itisatimeconsumingtasktoremedy.Inaddition,thecoilproductioncapacityoftheplantisthelimitingfactorintheplant'soverallcapacity,soanyinterruptionstotheoutputofcoilslimitsthewholefactory.Commonwiretensioningdevicesonthemarkettoday,onlyoperateataround5m/sforheavywiregaugesandupto30m/sforveryfinewire.Ourregularlywindsinexcessof10m/sandisaimingtoachieveatleast20m/sfortheentirewirerangeof0.45mmto4mm..Thispaperfurtherinvestigatesthetensionfluctuationproblemandtoachieveaconsistentwiretensionwhilewindingarectangularcoilathighspeed.Inthefollowingsectionissuesofthewindingprocessesaredescribed,andtheavailabletechniquesfortensingarereviewed.II.BACKGROUNDTheexistingwindingsystemshowninfigure2usesfeltpadsfortensioning.Thespoolofwiretobewoundismountedintoitshousingverticallyandthewireisfedupthroughthewireguideandfeltpads,overtheguidepulleyandthentothewindingmachine.Thetensionisvariedbytighteningorlooseningthelargeg-clamp.

Figure2:ExistingwiremountingandtensionsetupFeltpadsareoneofthesimplestandmostcommonlyusedwiretensioningmethods.Thephotoinfigure2showsthemaincomponentsandprincipleofoperation.Theconfigurationshownaboveusesag-clamptoapplyasqueezingforcetothefeltpads.Thewireispassedthroughthefeltpadsandhencesomeoftheforceappliedtothefeltpadsisalsoappliedtothewire.Inoperation,thewiretravelsthroughthesefeltpadsandtheretardationortensionforceiscreatedbythefrictionofthesurfaceoftheenamelcoatedwirerubbingonthefeltpads.Themachineoperatorthreadsthewirethroughtheguidesandpulleysandadjuststheclampingforcemanuallyandintuitively.Theadvantagesare:simpleandreadilyavailable;inexpensive;adaptivetoanyoperatingspeed.Thedisadvantagesarealsoobvious.ThePadswearoutquicklyleadingtolossoftension,theappliedforceisonlygenerallyindependentofspeed,needtobetightenedandreplacedfrequently,intuitivetensionsettingdoesnotallowgoodqualitycontrolandnocompensationforbobbinshape.III.MODELIDENTIFICATIONThewiretravelsfromthespoolthroughthetensioningdevice,overthemachinetraverse,andontotherectangularcoil.Thesystemwassimplifiedasshowninfigure1tojustbeafixedfeedpoint,wherethetensionisapplied,andarotatingrectanglerepresentingthebobbinorcoil.Thedesiredoperatingspeedis1000RPM.Thisgivesawirespeedof10-30m/sdependingonthecoilsizeataparticularinstantintime.Figuer3showsthevariationofthewirevelocityproducedbytherectangularshapeofthebobbin.

丄—r;!Figure3:ThewirevelocityvariationFigure4showsthevariationofthewireacceleration,whichcanalsobeseenbytheslopeofthelineorderivativeofthevelocitygraph.2：Ct"iwHwa-■%■*.j'aban丄—r;!Figure3:ThewirevelocityvariationFigure4showsthevariationofthewireacceleration,whichcanalsobeseenbytheslopeofthelineorderivativeofthevelocitygraph.2：Ct"iwHwa-~1—111z[1IL_……一T■■■Figure4:ThewireaccelerationvariationThewirepathlengthvariation,fromthefixedfeedpointtothewindonpoint,isshowninfigure5below.

-rxO.P5-rxO.P5Figure5:ThewirelengthvariationPROTOTYPESYSTEMDESIGNThesysteminfigure6incorporatesarelativelynewpneumaticdevicecalledafluidicmuscle.Themuscleismadeofawoven,flexiblematerialandoperatesunderairpressure.Underpressureitexpandslaterallyandcontractslongitudinally.Apresetpressuredeterminesthemaximumandminimumforcesitwillapplyforaspecificcontraction.Themuscleisverysimilartoaconventionalpneumaticcylinder,exceptithasaveryfastresponseandishighlydynamic,notunlikeaspring.Italsoactsintensionandnotcompression,andcanapply10timesmoreforcethanaconventionalpneumaticcylinderofthesamediameter.Themusclecontrolsadancingarmwhichmovestotakeupandreleasetheslackinthewire.Thispressureissettoaccommodatetherangeofwiretensionsrequired.Figure6:FluidicmusclepowereddancingarmRobbiinFfuiffiirMusfilnAccumtilwcurRobbiinFfuiffiirMusfilnAccumtilwcurFigure7:FluidicmusclepoweredaccumulatorThefluidicmusclepoweredaccumulatorprototypesystemisshowninfigure7,wherethepneumaticcylinderusedintheaccumulatorisreplacedwithamuscle,otherwisetheoperationisthesameasoutlinedpreviously.Whilethesignalwasnoisy,thetensionvariationscanbeclearlyobserved.ThesignalshownisinmV,whichtranslatesintoatensionrangeofapproximately74Nto83Nforthe1.5mmwireusedinthetest.V.EXPERIMENTRESULTANDANALYSISThetestswerecarriedouttoobservetheresponseusingtheaboveconstructedprototypesystem.FluidicMusclePoweredDancingArm:Atlowspeedthearmrespondedinitiallybutoperatedinlongsharpjerks,notsmoothsidetosidemovementsasexpected.Thewireappearedtovibratemorewiththedancingarm,thanwithout.Attheendofwindingonelayertherestingpositionofthearmmovedfromitsinitialpositioninwardapproximately300mm.Athighspeedthearmdidnotrespond,butjustvibratedaboutameanposition.FluidicMusclePoweredAccumulator:Thetrialofalargemusclepoweredaccumulatorgavethefollowingresults:Atlowspeedtheaccumulatordidnotappeartorespondatall.Varyingthepressuremadenosignificantdifference,otherthanpullthewirethroughthefeltpads.Athighspeedtheaccumulatordidnotrespond.Withnoresponsefromtheaccumulatorthewholesystemvibrated,makingthewireandtraversevibrationsincrease.Thetensionsensordatacollectedbeforetheaccumulatorwasusedisshowninfigure8.Themaximumandminimumtensionisapproximately62Nand46Nrespectively.

TensionVariationforihTensionVariationforih1BmmWireWithoutAccumulator1?3d5G78010T11213141&1617t8192021SantpteFigure8:PlotoftensionsensoroutputwithouttheaccumulatorThetensionsensordatacollectedwhenusingtheaccumulatorisshowninfigure9.Themaximumandminimumtensionisapproximately43Nand37Nrespectively.44TensionVariationfor1^18mmWireWiththeAccumuhtor351aT11344TensionVariationfor1^18mmWireWiththeAccumuhtor351aT1131517舊2^23252729SampleFigure9:PlotoftensionsensoroutputwiththeaccumulatorVII.VIII.CONCLUSIONSRectangularcoilsareimportantpartofdistributiontransformers.Whenwindingthesecoilsthewiretensionfluctuatesduetothecoilshape.Thesefluctuationsleadtowirebreakages,inconsistentcoildimensions,excessmachinewear,limitonthemaximumwindingspeedandtransformerfailureinthefield.Fromourcomprehensiveresearchintoexistingtensioningsystems,noneofthemareideallysuitedtofulfilourrequirementsalthoughthefluidicmuscleaccumulatorwasfoundtobethemostsuitableoptiontodevelopasacompensator.Asthecurrenttensioningsystem,feltpads,arenotsuitableforinterfacingwithacompensator,thedecisiontoaddawireflatteningmachineismadebasedonoutexperimentandsimulationresults.Theintuitiveprocessofsettingthetensionusingag-clampdoesnotallowconsistency,thereforeaffectingqualitycontrol.Therefore,awireflatteningmachinerecommendedwiththefeasibilityofusingthemuscleinplaceofthecylinder.Thenewwindingo黒6433machinewillalmostdoublethe