2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)92

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Governmenttodayplaysanincreasinglylargerroleinthe（

）ofwelfare,economics,andeducation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scopes

B.ranges

C.ranks

D.domains

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。scope“范圍，眼界，視野”；range“范圍；幅度”；rank“級(jí)別，等級(jí)”；domain“領(lǐng)域，域，域名”。句意：現(xiàn)在政府在很多領(lǐng)域扮演著重要的角色，比如福利、經(jīng)濟(jì)和教育等。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.單選題

Itwassucha(n)（

）whenPatandMikemeteachotherinTokyo.EachthoughtthattheotherwasstillinHongKong.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.occurrence

B.coincidence

C.fancy

D.destiny

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。occurrence“發(fā)生，事件”；coincidence“巧合，一致”；fancy“幻想，想象力”；destiny“命運(yùn)，天命”。句意：派特和邁克能在東京偶遇是多么巧合的一件事。倆人都以為對(duì)方在香港。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

Whenhiscontractwas（

）unexpectedly,hedesperatelyneededanewjob.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.accomplished

B.expired

C.fulfilled

D.terminated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。accomplish“完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)，達(dá)到”；expire“期滿(mǎn)；終止”；fulfill“履行，實(shí)現(xiàn)，滿(mǎn)足”；terminate“終止，結(jié)束”。句意：當(dāng)他的合同被出乎意料地終止時(shí)，他極度需要一份新工作。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Somediseasesare（

）bycertainwateranimals.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transplanted

B.transformed

C.transported

D.transmitted

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析題。transplant移植；transform改變，變換；transport運(yùn)輸；transmit傳輸，傳播。

句意：有些疾病是由某些水生動(dòng)物傳播的。這里指疾病的傳播，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.單選題

Crimeisincreasingworldwide,andthereiseveryreasontobelievethe（

）willcontinueintothenextdecade.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.emergency

B.trend

C.pace

D.schedule

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。emergency緊急情況，突發(fā)事件；trend趨勢(shì)，走向；pace步伐，速度；schedule時(shí)間表，日程安排。

句意：全世界的犯罪活動(dòng)一直在增加，我們有充分的理由相信這一趨勢(shì)將持續(xù)到下一個(gè)十年。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

6.單選題

（

）,there’sagoodreasonforherabsence,asshedoesn’tusuallystayawayfromwork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ideal

B.Principally

C.Presumably

D.Originally

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。ideally“理想地”；principally“主要地”；presumably“大概”；originally“原始地”。句意：她沒(méi)來(lái)可能是有原因的，因?yàn)樗ǔ２粫?huì)擅離崗位。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

7.單選題

Afirmmightsometimessellatalosstodriveacompetitoroutofbusiness,and（

）increaseitsmarketpower.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.thereby

C.hence

D.further

【答案】B

【解析】副詞辨析題。therefore因此，所以；thereby從而，因此；hence因此，今后；further而且。

句意：公司有時(shí)可能會(huì)虧本出售將競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手?jǐn)D出市場(chǎng)，從而提高其市場(chǎng)權(quán)力。選項(xiàng)B更符合語(yǔ)境。

8.單選題

Thejournalistgotthe（

）newsthatthefamousactresswouldchangeherhusbandfortheseventhtime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sentimental

B.sensational

C.sensible

D.sensitive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。sentimental意為“傷感的，多情的，多愁善感的”；sensational意為“轟動(dòng)的，引起嘩然的”；sensible意為“明智的，理智的，合理的”；sensitive意為“敏感的，易受傷害的”。

句意：這位記者得到了一個(gè)轟動(dòng)的消息，那就是這位著名女演員將第七次更換丈夫。

9.單選題

The（

）ofairplaneenginesannouncedacomingairraid.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.roar

B.exclamation

C.whistle

D.scream

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。roar咆哮，轟鳴；exclamation感嘆，驚叫；whistle呼嘯聲；scream尖叫聲。

句意：飛機(jī)引擎的轟鳴聲宣布空襲即將來(lái)臨。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

10.單選題

Whenaskedforyourviewsaboutyour（

）job,onnoaccountmustyoubenegative.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.current

B.contemporary

C.occasional

D.universal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。current意為“目前的，當(dāng)前的，現(xiàn)在的”；contemporary意為“當(dāng)代的，現(xiàn)代的”；occasional意為“偶爾的，不經(jīng)常的”；universal意為“普遍的，一般的”。

句意：當(dāng)被問(wèn)到你對(duì)當(dāng)前工作的看法時(shí)，你決不能消極。

11.單選題

Wemustgetthetrappedvictimsoutatoncebecausethebuildingisin（

）dangerofanexplosion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.opaque

B.vivid

C.mute

D.imminent

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。opaque不透明的，遲鈍的；vivid生動(dòng)的；mute沉默的，無(wú)聲的；imminent即將來(lái)臨的，迫近的。

句意：我們必須立即把被困的受害者救出來(lái)，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)建筑有馬上要爆炸的危險(xiǎn)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

12.單選題

Whenwritingaboutcontroversialtopics,someauthorstrytobe（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.impressive

B.reflective

C.objective

D.persuasive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。impressive意為“給人印象深刻的，感人的”；reflective意為“反射的，反映的”；objective意為“客觀的，實(shí)體的”；persuasive意為“有說(shuō)服力的”。

句意：在寫(xiě)有爭(zhēng)議的話(huà)題時(shí)，有些作者力求客觀。

13.單選題

Mr.Greenhasrecentlybeen（

）todirectorofthepresident’soffice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pushed

B.purchased

C.promoted

D.promised

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。push“推”；purchase“購(gòu)買(mǎi)”；promote“提升”；promise“承諾”。句意：格林先生最近升任為董事長(zhǎng)辦公室主任了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

14.單選題

Grandmaalwayspaidattentiontotheneeds,wishesandfeelingsofthosearoundher.Shewasthemost（

）womanI’veeverknown.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.artificial

B.merry

C.considerate

D.brilliant

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。artificial人造的；merry愉快的；considerate體貼的，考慮周到的；brilliant杰出的。句意：奶奶總是關(guān)注身邊人的需求、愿望和感受。她是我所認(rèn)識(shí)的最體貼的女人。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

15.單選題

Wedon’tthinkthathis（

）abilityhasbeenwelldeveloped.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.possible

B.potential

C.initial

D.invisible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。possible“可能的”；potential“有潛力的”；initial“最初的”；invisible“看不見(jiàn)的”。句意：我們認(rèn)為他的潛力沒(méi)有被好好挖掘。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

16.單選題

Inthenewcabinet’budget,aproportionof3percentisfixedforthefeedingand（

）ofthosebelowthepovertyline.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unemployment

B.dwelling

C.exploitation

D.evolving

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。unemployment“失業(yè)”；dwelling“住處，寓所”；exploitation“開(kāi)發(fā)，開(kāi)采，剝削”；evolving“演變，進(jìn)化”。

句意：在新內(nèi)閣的預(yù)算中，3%的預(yù)算用于為那些在貧困線(xiàn)以下的人提供食物和住處。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

17.單選題

Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoul,thequalityoflife.Whoshouldwritethebiographyofafamily,forexample?Becauseoftheirclosenesstothesubject,familymembersmayhavespecialinformation,butbythesametoken,theymaynothavethedistancethatwouldallowthemtobefair.Similarly,aking’sservantmightnotbethebestonetowriteabiographyofthatking.Butaforeignermightnothavetheknowledgeandsympathynecessarytowritetheking’sbiography—notforareadershipfromwithinthekingdom,atanyrate.

Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask.Thebiographerhastoworkwiththepositionheorshehasintheworld,adjustingthatpositionasnecessarytodealwiththesubject.Everypositionhasstrengthsandweaknesses;tothrive,awritermusttrytobecomeawareofthese,evaluatethemintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.

Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographiesoftenrevealademocraticmotive;theyattempttoshowthattheirsubjectsareonlyhuman,nobetterthananyoneelse.Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus,toinviteustobecomebetterthanweare.ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBibleareinthisclass.

Biographersmayclaimthattheiraccountisthe“authentic”one.Inadvancingthisclaim,theyarehelpedifthebiographyis“authorized”bythesubject;thispresumablyallowsthebiographerspecialaccesstoprivateinformation.“Unauthorized”biographiesalsohavetheirappeal,however,sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.Inbookpromotions,the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress.Asubjectmighthaveseveralbiographies,evenseveral“authentic”ones.Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.

1.Accordingtotheauthorsanidealbiographerwouldbeonewho（

）.

2.TheauthorcitesthebiographiesofJesusintheBibleinordertoshowthat

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothepassage?

4.Anunauthorizedbiographyislikelytoattractmorereadersbecause

（

）.

5.Inthispassage,theauthorfocuseson

（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.knowsthesubjectverywellandyetmaintainsaproperdistancefromhim

B.isclosetothesubjectandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting

C.isindependentandtreatsthesubjectswithfairnessandobjectivity

D.possessesspecialprivateinformationandissympathetictowardthesubject

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thebestbiographiesaremeanttotransformtheirreaders

B.biographiesareauthenticaccountsoftheirsubjects’lives

C.thebestbiographiesarethoseofheroesandfamousfigures

D.biographiescanservedifferentpurposes

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Anauthenticbiographyseldomappealstoitsreaders

B.Anauthenticbiographyisoneauthorizedbythesubject

C.Noonecanwriteaperfectbiography

D.Authorizedbiographieshaveawiderreadership

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.itportraysthesubjectbothfaithfullyandvividly

B.itcontainsinterestinginformationaboutthesubject’sprivatelife

C.itrevealsalotofaccuratedetailsunknowntooutsiders

D.itusuallygivesasympatheticdescriptionofthesubject’scharacter

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thedifficultyofabiographerinfindingtheproperperspectivetodohisjob

B.thesecretofabiographertowinmorereaders

C.thetechniquesrequiredofabiographertowriteagoodbiography

D.thecharacteristicsofdifferentkindsofbiographies

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoul,thequalityoflife.（傳記作者必須在關(guān)于這個(gè)傳記對(duì)象的兩個(gè)不穩(wěn)定的立場(chǎng)之間搖擺。關(guān)系太親密，作者可能會(huì)失去客觀性。關(guān)系不夠近，作者可能缺乏足夠的激情去努力刻畫(huà)人物的思想、靈魂這些生活的本質(zhì)）可知A選項(xiàng)“非常了解這個(gè)傳記對(duì)象，并與其保持適當(dāng)?shù)木嚯x”符合題意。

第2題:推理判斷題。文章第三段中的內(nèi)容為：當(dāng)他們的對(duì)象是英雄或著名人物時(shí)，傳記往往揭示出一種民主的動(dòng)機(jī)；他們?cè)噲D向人民展示他們的主也只是人，并沒(méi)有比任何人都好。而其它的傳記則是有意要改變我們，鼓勵(lì)我們變得比我們之前更好。圣經(jīng)中耶穌的傳記就屬于后一類(lèi)。

由此可知作者引用了耶穌在圣經(jīng)中的傳記，是為了表明傳記可以有不同的目的，因此選D。

第3題:推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.（我們憑直覺(jué)認(rèn)為沒(méi)有作家是站在講述一生的故事的位置的，可能甚至不是在傳記對(duì)象的位置，這已經(jīng)被傳記的歷史所證明了）可知C選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有人能寫(xiě)出完美的傳記”符合題意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中的Inbookpromotions,the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress.（在圖書(shū)促銷(xiāo)中，“未經(jīng)授權(quán)”的描述通常暗示著傳記對(duì)象希望抑制流言蜚語(yǔ)）可知B選項(xiàng)“它包含了關(guān)于傳記對(duì)象的私人生活的有趣信息”。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章主要講述了傳記作家需要具備哪些能力以及不同種類(lèi)傳記的特點(diǎn)，因此D選項(xiàng)“不同類(lèi)型傳記的特點(diǎn)”。

18.翻譯題

ArnoldToynbee說(shuō)過(guò)，一切進(jìn)步，一切發(fā)展均來(lái)自于挑戰(zhàn)及由此引起的反應(yīng)。沒(méi)有挑戰(zhàn)就沒(méi)有反應(yīng)，沒(méi)有發(fā)展，沒(méi)有自由。所以，我們首先應(yīng)該在我們的孩子的能力所允許的范圍內(nèi)為他們開(kāi)設(shè)要求最嚴(yán)格，最富有挑戰(zhàn)性的課程。

我們可以向我們的孩子提供的第二個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)是允許他們有失敗的權(quán)利。如果沒(méi)有人可以失敗，那它算什么考驗(yàn)，算什么自由呢？我們現(xiàn)在生活在一個(gè)越來(lái)越小的世界里，我們必須對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)保持清醒的認(rèn)識(shí)；而現(xiàn)實(shí)主義要求樹(shù)立一個(gè)要么成功要么失敗的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這些話(huà)聽(tīng)起來(lái)很刺耳，但都是殘酷的事實(shí)。如果我們剝奪孩子失敗的權(quán)利，實(shí)際上我們就剝奪了他們?nèi)鐚?shí)地認(rèn)識(shí)世界的機(jī)會(huì)。

【答案】ArnoldToynbeehassaidthatallprogress,alldevelopmentcomefromchallengeandaconsequentresponse.Withoutchallengethereisnoresponse,nodevelopment,nofreedom.Sofirstweowetoourchildrenthemostdemanding,challengingcurriculumthatiswithintheircapabilities.

Thesecondopportunitywecangiveourboysandgirlsistherighttofailure.Whatkindofatestisit,whatkindoffreedomwherenoonecanfail?Weliveinanarrowedworldwherewemustbealert,awaketorealism;andrealismdemandsastandardwhicheithermustbemetorresultinfailure.Thesearehardwords,buttheyarebrutallytrue.Ifwedepriveourchildrenoftherighttofailwedeprivethemoftheirknowledgeoftheworldasitis.

19.單選題

Afterall,thefoodcrisisisoverandthewoodwill（

）itslong-termupwardtrendinagricultureproduction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resume

B.renew

C.recover

D.restore

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。resume“重新開(kāi)始，繼續(xù)”；renew“更新”；recover“恢復(fù)”；restore“恢復(fù)，還原”。句意：畢竟糧食危機(jī)已經(jīng)解除，木材將繼續(xù)它在農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品中的上漲趨勢(shì)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

20.單選題

TheremedyproposedbyMr.Maxwellissimple,easyand（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.appreciable

B.amendable

C.collapsible

D.practicable

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。appreciable可評(píng)估的，相當(dāng)可觀的；amendable可修正的；collapsible可折疊的；practicable可實(shí)行的，行得通的。

句意：Maxwell先生提出的補(bǔ)救辦法簡(jiǎn)單而且切實(shí)可行。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

21.單選題

Becauseofthetightermoneypolicy,（

）defenseforthecomingyearsisgreatlycut.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reservation

B.budget

C.allowance

D.finance

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。reservation“預(yù)約”；budget“預(yù)算”；allowance“津貼”；finance“財(cái)政；金融”。句意：由于財(cái)政政策緊張，來(lái)年的國(guó)防預(yù)算大大縮減了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

22.單選題

Heisapromisingyoungmanwhoisnowstudyingatourgraduateschool.Ashissupervisor,Iwouldliketo（

）himtoyournotice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commend

B.decree

C.presume

D.articulate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。commend“推薦，稱(chēng)贊”；decree“命令，頒布，判決”；presume“假定，推測(cè)”；articulate“發(fā)音，清楚地講話(huà)”。句意：他是個(gè)有前途的年輕人，現(xiàn)在在我們研究院學(xué)習(xí)，作為他的導(dǎo)師，我樂(lè)意向你推薦他。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

23.單選題

Thisriverissowidethatitisimpossibletobuilda（

）underitwithoutmoderntechnology.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.canal

B.tunnel

C.channel

D.cable

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。canal“運(yùn)河，管道”；tunnel“隧道”；channel“通道，海峽”；cable“纜繩，電纜”。句意：這條河這么寬，要在它地下修建一條隧道沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代技術(shù)是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

24.單選題

Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyKofiAnnan,theformerUnitedNationssecretarygeneral.

Thereport,tobereleasedFridayanalyzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomicstrends.Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangeswasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutrition（營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良）andheat-relatedhealthproblems.

Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.

Alongwiththedeaths,thereportsaidthatthelivesof325millionpeople,primarilyinpoorcountries,werebeingseriouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.Itprojectedthatthenumberwoulddoubleby2030.

RogerPielkeJr.,apoliticalscientistattheUniversityofColorado,Boulder,whostudiesdisastertrends,saidtheForum’sreportwas“amethodologicalembarrassment”becausetherewasnowaytodistinguishdeathsoreconomiclossesrelatedtohumandrivenglobalwarmingamidthemuchlargerlossesresultingfromthegrowthinpopulationsandeconomicdevelopmentinvulnerableregions.Dr.Pielkesaidthat“climatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmostattention”.Butthereport,hesaid,“willharmthecauseforactiononbothclimatechangeanddisastersbecauseitissodeeplyflawed（有瑕疵的）”.

However,SorenAnderasen,asocialscientistatDahlbergGlobalDevelopmentPartnerswhosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.

Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazards,whilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheattrappinggases.Morethan90%ofthehumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangeareoccurringinpoorcountries,accordingtothereport.

1.WhatisthefindingoftheGlobalHumanitarianForum?

2.WhatdowelearnabouttheForum’sreportfromthepassage?

3.WhatdoesDr.PielkesayabouttheForum’sreport?

4.WhatisSorenAndreasen’sviewofthereport?

5.WhatdoesKofiAnnansayshouldbethefocusoftheCopenhagenconference?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Globaltemperaturesaffecttherateofeconomicdevelopment

B.Ratesofdeathfromillnesshaverisenduetoglobalwarming

C.Malnutritionhascausedserioushealthproblemsinpoorcountries

D.Economictrendshavetodowithpopulationandnaturaldisasters

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itwaschallengedbysomeclimateandriskexperts

B.Itarousedalotofinterestinthescientificcircles

C.Itwaswarmlyreceivedbyenvironmentalists

D.Itcauseabigstirindevelopingcountries

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itsstatisticslookembarrassing

B.Itisinvalidintermsofmethodology

C.Itdeservesourclosestattention

D.Itsconclusionispurposelyexaggerated

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itsconclusionsarebasedoncarefullycollecteddata

B.Itisvulnerabletocriticismifthestatisticsarecloselyexamined

C.ItwillgiverisetoheateddiscussionsattheCopenhagenconference

D.Itsroughestimatesaremeanttodrawtheattentionofworldleaders

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Howrichandpoorregionscanshareresponsibilityincurbingglobalwarming

B.Howhumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangecanbereduced

C.Howemissionsofheat-trappinggasescanbereducedonaglobalscale

D.Howrichcountriescanbetterhelppoorregionsreduceclimatehazards

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段提到“受人類(lèi)影響的環(huán)境變化導(dǎo)致了如營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良及其他與高溫相關(guān)的問(wèn)題死亡率升高”(Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangeswasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutritionandheat-relatedhealthproblems)，選項(xiàng)B“由于全球變暖，死亡率上身”符合題意。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第三段提到“在這篇報(bào)告發(fā)表之前就已經(jīng)引起了很多氣象和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)專(zhuān)家的批判”（Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions），因此選項(xiàng)A“受到一些氣象和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)專(zhuān)家的挑戰(zhàn)”符合題意。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第五段提到皮爾克博士對(duì)于報(bào)告的看法，他認(rèn)為這次報(bào)告就是一個(gè)方法論的尷尬（amethodologicalembarrassment），隨后又解釋了原因，由此可知在皮爾克博士看來(lái)，這個(gè)報(bào)告在方法論上是不成立的，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第六段提到“很明顯報(bào)告中的數(shù)據(jù)是粗略估計(jì)的，并且他認(rèn)為這個(gè)報(bào)告是針對(duì)各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人提出的”（whosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty），選項(xiàng)D“它的粗略估計(jì)是為了引起領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的注意”符合題意。

第5題:推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到“在新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上，安南強(qiáng)調(diào)需要增加從富裕國(guó)家到貧窮國(guó)家的資金流動(dòng)，來(lái)幫助減少氣候變化給他們?cè)斐傻膫Α保↖napressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazards,whilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheattrappinggases），選項(xiàng)D“富裕國(guó)家怎樣更好地幫助貧窮國(guó)家減少氣候帶來(lái)的危害”符合題意。

25.單選題

Brazil’sconstitution（

）themilitaryuseofnuclearenergy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Withdraws

B.objects

C.interrupts

D.forbids

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。withdraw“撤銷(xiāo)，收回，撤退”；object“反對(duì)，拒絕”；Interrupt“中斷”；forbid“禁止”。句意：巴西憲法規(guī)定禁止軍隊(duì)使用核能。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

26.單選題

Agriculturewasastepinhumanprogress（

）whichsubsequentlytherewasnotanythingcomparableuntilourownmachineage.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.for

C.to

D.from

【答案】C

【解析】介詞辨析題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里是由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是agriculture，填空處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)和comparable搭配的介詞，只有介詞to能與之搭配，意為“可比較的，比得上是”，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

27.單選題

Acomputerfileisacollectionof（

）data,usedtoorganizethestorageandprocessingofdatabycomputer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.electrical

B.artificial

C.electronic

D.genuine

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。electrical有關(guān)電的；artificial人造的；electronic電子的；genuine真實(shí)的，誠(chéng)懇的。句意：計(jì)算機(jī)文件是電子數(shù)據(jù)的集合，用來(lái)組織計(jì)算機(jī)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)和處理。這里指電子數(shù)據(jù)，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

28.單選題

MybosshasfailedmesomanytimesthatInolongerplaceany（

）onwhathepromises.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assurance

B.probability

C.reliance

D.conformity

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。assurance“保證，擔(dān)保”；probability“可能性，機(jī)率”；reliance“信賴(lài)，信心”；conformity“遵守，適合，符合”。

句意：我老板已經(jīng)讓我失望太多次，我不會(huì)再對(duì)他的承諾抱任何希望。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

29.單選題

Iwillholdyoupersonally（

）ifanythinggoeswronginthisproject.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.destructive

B.lucrative

C.diverse

D.responsible

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。destructive有害的，毀滅性的；lucrative獲利多的；diverse不同的，多種多樣的；responsible負(fù)責(zé)的，可靠的。

句意：如果這個(gè)項(xiàng)目出了什么問(wèn)題，我將追究你個(gè)人的責(zé)任。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

30.單選題

Themeetingwas（

）bytheNationalAssociationofWomenforthepurposeoffurtheringthewomen’sliberationmovement.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.chaired

B.sponsored

C.participated

D.assigned

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。chair意為“擔(dān)任（會(huì)議、討論等的）主席，主持（會(huì)議、討論等）”；sponsor意為“贊助（活動(dòng)、節(jié)目）等，主辦，舉辦”；participate意為“參加，參與”；assign意為“分派，選派，分配”。

句意：會(huì)議由全國(guó)婦女協(xié)會(huì)主辦，目的是促進(jìn)婦女解放運(yùn)動(dòng)。

31.單選題

Agreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayforthe（

）ofbecomingwhitecollarworkers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.privilege

B.advantage

C.profit

D.preference

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。privilege“特權(quán)”；advantage“優(yōu)勢(shì)”；profit“利潤(rùn)，利益”；preference“偏愛(ài)，傾向”。句意：很多人愿意為白領(lǐng)階層的優(yōu)越性而放棄更高的工資。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

32.單選題

Eyecontactisimportantbecausewrongcontactmaycreateacommunication（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tragedy

B.vacuum

C.question

D.barrier

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。tragedy悲劇，災(zāi)難；vacuum真空；question問(wèn)題，疑問(wèn)；barrier障礙，界線(xiàn)。

句意：眼神交流很重要，因?yàn)殄e(cuò)誤的眼神交流可能會(huì)造成溝通障礙。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

33.單選題

Democraticgovernmentisaphrasethatisnotoriouslyhardto（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.credit

B.defend

C.modify

D.define

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。credit信任，歸功于；defend辯護(hù)，防守；modify修改；define定義。

句意：民主政府這個(gè)詞眾所周知的難以定義。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

34.單選題

Between1974and1997,thenumberofoverseasvisitorsexpanded（

）27%.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.for

C.to

D.in

【答案】A

【解析】介詞辨析題。expandby“增加了”；expandfor“擴(kuò)展為”；expandto“增加到”；expandin“在……中增加”。

句意：在1974年到1997年間，海外游客的數(shù)量增加了27%。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

35.單選題

Withthe（

）ofMary,allthegirlstudentsareeagertogototheparty.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exhibition

B.exception

C.except

D.reception

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。exhibition“展覽，展覽會(huì)；顯示”；exception“例外，異議”；except“除……之外”，是介詞；reception“接待，接收”。句意：除了瑪麗之外，所有的女生都希望去聚會(huì)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

36.單選題

Theimportanceofinteriordesignbecomes（

）whenwerealizehowmuchtimewespendsurroundedbyfourwalls.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attractive

B.appropriate

C.evident

D.obscure

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。attractive意為“有魅力的，吸引人的”；appropriate意為“適當(dāng)?shù)?，合適的”；evident意為“明顯的，明白的”；obscure意為“昏暗的，朦朧的”。

句意：當(dāng)我們意識(shí)到我們花了多少時(shí)間待在家里時(shí)，室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的重要性就變得明顯了。

37.單選題

Ifeelthathissubjectgainsalotfromtheattractive（

）ofthematter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.presentation

B.preparation

C.preference

D.potential

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。presentation“展示，陳述”；preparation“預(yù)備，準(zhǔn)備”；preference“偏愛(ài)，傾向，優(yōu)先權(quán)”；potential“潛能，可能性”。

句意：我覺(jué)得他的話(huà)題從他對(duì)問(wèn)題吸引人的陳述方式中獲益很多。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

38.單選題

Tobe（

）withyou,Ithinkyou’remakingadreadfulmistakebyrefusingtocooperate.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.frank

B.pertinent

C.mild

D.vivid

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。tobefrank為固定搭配，意為“老實(shí)說(shuō)，坦率地說(shuō)”。

句意：坦率地跟你說(shuō)，我認(rèn)為你拒絕合作是犯了一個(gè)可怕的錯(cuò)誤。選項(xiàng)A正確。

39.單選題

ThetragedyoftheCHALLENGER（

）anongoingcontroversyonallaspectsofAmerica’sspaceprogram.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aroused

B.rose

C.arose

D.lifted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。arouse意為“激起，引起（反應(yīng)或態(tài)度）”；rise意為“上升，攀升，提高”，其過(guò)去式為rose；arise是不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)”，其過(guò)去式為arose；lift意為“舉起，抬起”。

句意：挑戰(zhàn)者的悲劇在美國(guó)太空計(jì)劃的各個(gè)方面引起了持續(xù)不斷的爭(zhēng)議。

40.單選題

Heis（

）abouthischancesofwinningagoldmedalintheOlympicsnextyear.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obvious

B.optional

C.outstanding

D.optimistic

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。obvious明顯的，平淡無(wú)奇的；optional可選擇的，隨意的；outstanding杰出的，顯著的；optimistic樂(lè)觀的。

句意：對(duì)于在明年奧運(yùn)會(huì)上贏得金牌的機(jī)會(huì)，他持樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

41.單選題

Iwishtochangemymajorinpostgraduatestudy,becauseIknowthecompetitioninthecomputerdepartmentofTsinghuais（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fragrant

B.formidable

C.fierce

D.flexible

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。fragrant“芳香的，愉悅的”；formidable“強(qiáng)大的，可怕的”；fierce“兇猛的”；flexible“靈活的”。句意：我希望在研究生學(xué)習(xí)期間換個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè)，因?yàn)槲抑狼迦A大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)院的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)太激烈。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

42.單選題

Jackisnotverydecisive,andhealwaysfindshimselfina（

）asifhedoesn'tknowwhathereallywantstodo.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fantasy

B.dilemma

C.contradiction

D.conflict

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fantasy“幻想，幻覺(jué)”；dilemma“困境，進(jìn)退兩難”；contradiction“矛盾，否認(rèn)，反駁”；conflict“沖突，斗爭(zhēng)”。句意：杰克做事不果敢，他經(jīng)常進(jìn)退兩難，不知道做什么。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

43.單選題

Thesuccessfulcooperationbetweenthetwocountriesshouldbebasedon（

）respectandhelp.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.respective

B.mutual

C.simultaneous

D.separate

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。respective意為“各自的，分別的”；mutual意為“相互的，彼此的，共有的”；simultaneous意為“同時(shí)發(fā)生（或進(jìn)行）的，同步的”；separate意為“獨(dú)立的，分開(kāi)的”。

句意：兩個(gè)國(guó)家之間的成功合作應(yīng)建立在相互尊重和幫助的基礎(chǔ)上。

44.單選題

Ifyouwanttoteachyourchildrenhowtosaysorryyoumustbegoodatsayingityourself,especiallytoyourownchildren.Buthowyousayitcanbequitetricky.

Ifyousaytoyourchildren“I’msorryIgotangrywithyou,but...”whatfollowsthat“but”canrendertheapologyineffective:“Ihadabadday.”or“yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache”leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.

Anothermethodbywhichpeopleappeartoapologizewithoutactuallydoingsoistosay“I’msorryyou'reupset”;thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.

Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.Saying“I‘muselessasaparent”doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement.

Thesepseudo-apologiesareusedbypeoplewhobelievesayingsorryshowsweakness.Parentswhowishtoteachtheirchildrentoapologizeshouldseeitasasignofstrength,andthereforenotresorttothesepseudo-apologies.

Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildrenfeelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldboymightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren’sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-oldmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent’sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.

1.Ifamotheradds“but”toanapology,（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,saying“I'msorryyou'reupset”mostprobablymeans“（

）”.

3.Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause

（

）.

4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinteachingchildrentosaysorry

（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatapologizingproperlyis（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shedoesn’tfeelthatsheshouldhaveapologized

B.shedoesnotrealizethatthechildhasbeenhurt

C.thechildmayfindtheapologyeasiertoaccept

D.thechildmayfeelthatheowesheranapology

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Youhavegoodreasontogetupset

B.I’mawareyou’reupsetbutI’mnottoblame

C.Iapologizeforhurtingyourfeelings

D.I’matfaultformakingyouupset

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.isgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromises

B.itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguilty

C.itisvagueandineffective

D.itishurtfulandinsulting

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thecomplexitiesinvolvedshouldbeignored

B.theiragesshouldbetakenintoaccount

C.parentsneedtosetthemagoodexample

D.parentsshouldbepatientandtolerant

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.asocialissuecallingforimmediateattention

B.notnecessaryamongfamilym