2022年考研考博-考博英語-西安電子科技大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)9

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-西安電子科技大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.翻譯題

ProfessorKumarBhatt,founderandheadofWarwickManufacturingGroup(WMG),andRobMeakin,apersonneldirectoratMarconi,havedevelopedapartnershiptotrainengineersandmanagerstobecomee-literate.TheNewKnowledgePartnershipwillincludeateamof40MarconimanagersinwhatProfessorBhattcallselectronicengineeringmanagementorE2.Awiderangeofengineeringandnon-engineeringcompanieshasexpressedinterestintheseexcitingprograms.

ProfessorBhattbelievesthate-commerceischangingthebusinessenvironmenttoahugeextent.Manychiefexecutivesdonotunderstandthepowerofthenewtechnologiesand,insomecases,areactuallyresistingchange.Hesaysthat“Aslongasenoughindustryleadersrealizeitspotentialbenefits,e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain.Thiscouldtaketheeconomyclosetoeliminatingthestillsubstantialcompetitivenessgapwithitsmainrivals.OverthelastfiveyearsintheUStherehasbeena30%improvementinmanufacturingsectorproductivitybecauseofinformationtechnology.InBritainwecanachievemorethanthatandsuccessfule-businesswillbeworthbillionstotheUKeconomy.”AlreadyBritainmakesmoreuseofcomputer-aideddesignandmanufacture(CAD/CAM)andmanagementinformationtechnologysystemsthanotherEuropeancountries,andhasagovernmentthatactivelypromotese-business.But,observesProfessorBhatt,Britainhasneverusedtechnologyasagrowthdriver.“Thethingaboutelectronicengineeringmanagementisthatyoucankeepyourlegacysystems;youjustneedtolinkthosesystemswithaninformationengine.Atthetouchofabuttonitwillallowprojectmanagerstoseethestatusofaproject,identifyproblemspreciselyandmakevirtuallyimmediatedecisionsbasedoninformationthatwillbemuchmorecompletethaninthepast.”TheE2programistheresultofanalliancebytheWarwickManufacturingGroupwithAmerica’sleadinge-commercestudycenter,CarnegieMellon.ThelatterwillberesponsiblefortrainingmanyoftheMarconimanagersinAmerica,wherethegrouphashalfitsbusiness.InBritain,ProfessorBhatthaslinkedupwithSunMicrosystems,OracleandParametricTechnology,tosetupamulti-millionpoundE2designandmanufacturingcenterattheuniversitywhichwillbeusedfortrainingandresearch.

ProfessorBhattbelievesthate-commerceischangingbusinesstosuchanextentthatWMGislikelytoberenamedWarwickElectronicManufacturingGroup.But,hewarns:“Themovetoglobalizebecauseofe-commerceisracingahead.AlthoughthenetallowsBritishindustrytoovertaketheirEuropeanpeers,italsooffersAsiancountriestoleapfrog(互相超越)theWest.ForthefirsttimeitisnottheprivilegeoftheWesternworldbecausethistechnologyisuniversal.

【答案】華威制造集團(tuán)（WarwickManufacturingGroup，WMG）創(chuàng)始人兼負(fù)責(zé)人庫馬爾?巴特（KumarBhatt）教授與馬可尼公司（Marconi）人事主管羅布?米金（RobMeakin）建立了合作關(guān)系，培養(yǎng)工程師和管理人員掌握電子技術(shù)。新知識(shí)伙伴關(guān)系將包括一個(gè)由40名馬可尼經(jīng)理組成的團(tuán)隊(duì)，巴特教授稱之為電子工程管理或E2。許多工程和非工程公司都對(duì)這些令人興奮的項(xiàng)目表示了興趣。

巴特教授認(rèn)為，電子商務(wù)在很大程度上改變了商業(yè)環(huán)境。許多首席執(zhí)行官不了解新技術(shù)的力量，在某些情況下，他們實(shí)際上是在抵制變革。他說：“只要有足夠多的行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖認(rèn)識(shí)到電子商務(wù)的潛在好處，電子商務(wù)將使英國有可能發(fā)生第二次生產(chǎn)力革命?！边@可能會(huì)使日本經(jīng)濟(jì)接近于消除與主要競爭對(duì)手之間仍然巨大的競爭力差距。在過去的五年中，由于信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展，美國制造業(yè)的生產(chǎn)率提高了30%。在英國，我們可以實(shí)現(xiàn)更多，成功的電子商務(wù)將對(duì)英國經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生數(shù)十億美元的價(jià)值。”英國已經(jīng)比其他歐洲國家更多地使用計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)和制造（CAD/CAM）和管理信息技術(shù)系統(tǒng)，而且英國政府積極推動(dòng)電子商務(wù)。但據(jù)巴特教授觀察，英國從未將科技作為增長動(dòng)力?！瓣P(guān)于電子工程管理，你可以保留你的遺留系統(tǒng)；你只需要用一個(gè)信息引擎把這些系統(tǒng)連接起來。只要按下一個(gè)按鈕，項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理就可以看到項(xiàng)目的狀態(tài)，精確地識(shí)別問題，并根據(jù)比過去更完整的信息做出幾乎立即的決定?！盓2項(xiàng)目是華威制造集團(tuán)（WarwickManufacturingGroup）與美國領(lǐng)先的電子商務(wù)研究中心卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)（CarnegieMellon）結(jié)盟的結(jié)果。后者將負(fù)責(zé)培訓(xùn)馬可尼在美國的許多經(jīng)理，該集團(tuán)在美國有一半的業(yè)務(wù)。在英國，巴特教授與太陽微系統(tǒng)公司、甲骨文公司和參數(shù)技術(shù)公司合作，在大學(xué)建立了一個(gè)價(jià)值數(shù)百萬英鎊的E2設(shè)計(jì)和制造中心，用于培訓(xùn)和研究。

巴特教授認(rèn)為，電子商務(wù)正在改變商業(yè)，以至于WMG很可能更名為華威電子制造集團(tuán)。但他警告稱：“電子商務(wù)帶來的全球化步伐正在加快。雖然網(wǎng)絡(luò)允許英國工業(yè)取代它們的歐洲同行,它還提供了亞洲國家超越。這是第一次不是西方世界的特權(quán)，因?yàn)檫@項(xiàng)技術(shù)是普遍的。

2.單選題

It’shardlynewsthattheimmigrationsystemisamess.Foreignnationalshavelongbeenslippingacrosstheborderwithfakepapers,andvisitorswhoarriveintheU.S.legitimatelyoftenoverstaytheirlegalwelcomewithoutbeingpunished.ButsinceSept.11,it’sbecomeclearthatterroristshavebeenshrewdlyfactoringtheweaknessesofoursystemintotheirplans.Inadditiontotheirmasteryofforgingpassports,atleastthreeofthe19Sept.11hijackerswerehereonexpiredvisas.That’sbeenasafebetuntilnow.TheImmigrationandNaturalizationService(INS)lackstheresources,andapparentlytheinclination,tokeeptrackoftheestimated2millionforeignerswhohaveintentionallyoverstayedtheirwelcome.

Butthislaxnesstowardimmigrationfraudmaybeabouttochange.Congresshasalreadytakensomemodeststeps.TheU.S.A.PatriotAct,passedinthewakeoftheSept.11tragedy,requirestheFBI,theJusticeDepartment,theStateDepartmentandtheINStosharemoredata,whichwillmakeiteasiertostopwatch-listedterroristsattheborder.

Butwhat’sreallyneeded,criticssay,iseventougherlawsandmoreresourcesaimedattighteningupbordersecurity.Reformersarecallingforarollbackofrulesthathinderlawenforcement.TheyalsowanttheINStohirehundredsmoreborderpatrolagentsandinvestigatorstokeepillegalimmigrantsoutandtotrackthemdownoncethey’rehere.ReformersalsowanttoseetheINSsetupadatabasetomonitorwhethervisaholdersactuallyleavethecountrywhentheyarerequiredto.

Alltheseproposedchangeswerepartofanewborder-securitybillthatpassedtheHouseofRepresentativesbutdiedintheSenatelastweek.BeforeSept.11,legislationofthiskindhadbeenblockedbytwopowerfullobbies:universities,whichrelyontuitionfromforeignstudentswhocouldbekeptoutbythenewlaw,andbusiness,whichreliesonforeignersforcheaplabor.Sincetheattacks,they’vebackedoff.Thebillwouldhavepassedthistimebutforcongressionalmaneuveringsandisexpectedtobereintroducedandtopassnextyear.

Alsoontheagendafornextyear:aproposal,backedbysomeinfluentiallaw-makers,tosplittheINSintotwoagencies—agoodcopthatwouldtendtoservicefunctionslikeprocessingcitizenshippapersandabadcopthatwouldconcentrateonborderinspections,deportationandotherfunctions.Onereasonforthedivision,supporterssay,isthattheINShasinrecentyearsbecometoofocusedonservingtouristsandimmigrants.AftertheSept.11tragedy,theINSshouldpaymoreattentiontoservingthemillionsofordinaryAmericanswhorelyonthenation’sbordersecuritytoprotectthemfromterroristattacks.

1.Terroristshaveobviouslytakenadvantageof____.

2.WelearnfromthepassagethatcoordinatedeffortswillbemadebyvariousU.S.governmentagenciesto____.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbeforeSept.11,alienswithexpiredvisas____.

4.ItisbelievedbymanythatalltheseyearstheINS____.

5.BeforeSept.11,theU.S.Congresshadbeenunabletopassstricterimmigrationlawsbecause____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thelegalprivilegesgrantedtoforeigners

B.theexcessivehospitalityoftheAmericanpeople

C.theirresponsibilityoftheofficialsatbordercheckpoints

D.thelowefficiencyoftheImmigrationandNaturalizationService

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.refusetherenewingofexpiredvisas

B.wardoffterroristsuspectsattheborder

C.preventtheforgeryofimmigrationpapers

D.limitthenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.mighthavethemextendedwithouttrouble

B.wouldbecloselywatchedbyFBIagents

C.mightstayonforaslongastheywished

D.wouldliveinconstantfearofdeportation

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeenservingtwocontradictoryfunctions

B.hasbeentooliberalingrantingvisastotouristsandimmigrantsindiscriminately

C.hasover-emphasizeditsservicefunctionsattheexpenseofthenation’ssecurity

D.hasignoredthepleasofthetwopowerfullobbies

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theymighthavekeptawayforeignstudentsandcheaplabor

B.itwasdifficulttocoordinatetheeffortsofthecongressmen

C.educationandbusinesscirclescaredlittleaboutnationalsecurity

D.resourceswerenotavailablefortheirenforcement

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Terroristshaveobviouslytakenadvantageof____.顯然，恐怖分子利用了____。

A.thelegalprivilegesgrantedtoforeignersA.給予外國人的法律特權(quán)

B.theexcessivehospitalityoftheAmericanpeopleB.美國人民的盛情款待

C.theirresponsibilityoftheofficialsatbordercheckpointsC.邊境檢查站官員的不負(fù)責(zé)任

D.thelowefficiencyoftheImmigrationandNaturalizationServiceD.移民歸化局的低效率

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段“很明顯，恐怖分子在他們的計(jì)劃中精明地考慮到了我們體系的弱點(diǎn)?！币约啊耙泼窈蜌w化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人?！庇纱丝芍植婪肿邮抢昧艘泼駳w化局的不作為。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“給予外國人的法律特權(quán)”，文中沒有提及給予外國人法律特權(quán)，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“美國人民的盛情款待”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“邊境檢查站官員的不負(fù)責(zé)任”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

WelearnfromthepassagethatcoordinatedeffortswillbemadebyvariousU.S.governmentagenciesto____.我們從文章中了解到，美國各政府機(jī)構(gòu)將協(xié)同努力____。

A.refusetherenewingofexpiredvisasA.拒絕延長過期簽證

B.wardoffterroristsuspectsattheborderB.在邊境阻止恐怖分子嫌疑人

C.preventtheforgeryofimmigrationpapersC.防止偽造移民文件

D.limitthenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S.D.限制移民美國的人數(shù)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段最后一句“《美國愛國者法案》要求聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局、司法部、國務(wù)院和移民局共享更多數(shù)據(jù)，這將更容易在邊境阻止列入監(jiān)視名單的恐怖分子（stopwatch-listedterroristsattheborder）?！币虼诉xB。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“拒絕延長過期簽證”，文章沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“防止偽造移民文件”，文章沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“限制移民美國的人數(shù)”，文中提及“他們還希望移民歸化局雇傭數(shù)百名邊境巡邏人員和調(diào)查人員，將非法移民拒之門外”但是這并不是美國政府各機(jī)構(gòu)協(xié)同做的，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbeforeSept.11,alienswithexpiredvisas____.從文章中可以推斷，在9?11事件之前，持有過期簽證的外國人____。

A.mighthavethemextendedwithouttroubleA.可能會(huì)毫不費(fèi)力地延長簽證

B.wouldbecloselywatchedbyFBIagentsB.將受到聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局特工的密切監(jiān)視

C.mightstayonforaslongastheywishedC.可以想待多久就待多久

D.wouldliveinconstantfearofdeportationD.一直生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段第二句“長期以來，外國公民一直在用假證件偷渡邊境，而合法抵達(dá)美國的游客經(jīng)常在不受法律歡迎的情況下逾期居留，而沒有受到懲罰?！币约白詈笠痪洹皳?jù)估計(jì)，有200萬外國人故意滯留時(shí)間過長，移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人?！庇纱丝赏茢噙@些外國人在9?11事件之前想呆多久就呆多久，因?yàn)闆]有任何懲罰，移民歸化局也不會(huì)采取措施。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)毫不費(fèi)力地延長簽證”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“將受到聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局特工的密切監(jiān)視”，文中提到“他們還希望移民歸化局雇傭數(shù)百名邊境巡邏人員和調(diào)查人員，將非法移民拒之門外，并在他們抵達(dá)后進(jìn)行追蹤?！钡沁@是9?11事件后人們呼吁的，9?11事件前文中提到“據(jù)估計(jì)，有200萬外國人故意滯留時(shí)間過長，移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人?！庇纱丝芍麄儾⒉皇鼙O(jiān)視，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“一直生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中”，文中提到“據(jù)估計(jì)，有200萬外國人故意滯留時(shí)間過長，移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人?！庇纱丝芍獩]有人去追蹤他們，因此他們不生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

ItisbelievedbymanythatalltheseyearstheINS____.許多人認(rèn)為，這些年來，INS____。

A.hasbeenservingtwocontradictoryfunctionsA.一直在履行兩個(gè)相互矛盾的職能

B.hasbeentooliberalingrantingvisastotouristsandimmigrantsindiscriminatelyB.在不加區(qū)別地向游客和移民發(fā)放簽證方面過于自由

C.hasover-emphasizeditsservicefunctionsattheexpenseofthenation’ssecurityC.以國家安全為代價(jià)，過分強(qiáng)調(diào)其服務(wù)功能

D.hasignoredthepleasofthetwopowerfullobbiesD.一直無視這兩個(gè)強(qiáng)大游說團(tuán)體的請(qǐng)求

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段“支持者說，造成這種分歧的一個(gè)原因是，移民局近年來過于專注于為游客和移民服務(wù)（becometoofocusedonservingtouristsandimmigrants）?！币虼诉xC。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“一直在履行兩個(gè)相互矛盾的職能”，文中提到“提議將移民局分成兩個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)”，由此可知是提議將其分成兩個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)，并不是一直都在履行兩個(gè)矛盾的職能，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“在不加區(qū)別地向游客和移民發(fā)放簽證方面過于自由”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“一直無視這兩個(gè)強(qiáng)大游說團(tuán)體的請(qǐng)求”，文中沒有提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

BeforeSept.11,theU.S.Congresshadbeenunabletopassstricterimmigrationlawsbecause____.在9?11事件之前，美國國會(huì)一直未能通過更嚴(yán)格的移民法，原因是____。

A.theymighthavekeptawayforeignstudentsandcheaplaborA.他們可能會(huì)把外國學(xué)生和廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力拒之門外

B.itwasdifficulttocoordinatetheeffortsofthecongressmenB.協(xié)調(diào)國會(huì)議員們的努力是很困難的

C.educationandbusinesscirclescaredlittleaboutnationalsecurityC.教育界和企業(yè)界對(duì)國家安全的關(guān)心甚少

D.resourceswerenotavailablefortheirenforcementD.沒有資源來執(zhí)行它們

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第二句“在9?11事件之前，這類立法曾被兩大強(qiáng)大的游說團(tuán)體阻撓：大學(xué)和商界，前者依賴外國學(xué)生的學(xué)費(fèi)，而外國學(xué)生（foreignstudents）可能會(huì)被新法律拒之門外；后者則依賴外國人提供廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力（cheaplabor）?！庇纱丝芍绻路赏ㄟ^，那么外國學(xué)生和廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力會(huì)被擋在國外。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“協(xié)調(diào)國會(huì)議員們的努力是很困難的”，文中提及“如果不是國會(huì)的操縱，該法案本應(yīng)在這次獲得通過，預(yù)計(jì)該法案將在明年重新提出并獲得通過?！边@是發(fā)生在9?11事件之后的并不是之前，該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

C選項(xiàng)“教育界和企業(yè)界對(duì)國家安全的關(guān)心甚少”，文中提到“這類立法曾被兩大強(qiáng)大的游說團(tuán)體阻撓：大學(xué)和商界”，但是并不是說教育界和企業(yè)界不關(guān)心國家安全，該選項(xiàng)曲解原文，屬于過度推斷；

D選項(xiàng)“沒有資源來執(zhí)行它們”，根據(jù)文章可知，并不是沒有資源執(zhí)行它們，而是受到兩大游說團(tuán)體的阻撓，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

3.單選題

DuringJulyandAugusttherewasnorainforweeks____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intheend

B.attheend

C.totheend

D.onend

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.intheend終于；最后B.attheend最終；最后

C.totheend到底D.onend連續(xù)地

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：在七、八月份，有好幾個(gè)星期……沒有下雨。根據(jù)句意，可推測，這兩個(gè)月份中，有一段時(shí)間連續(xù)幾周不下雨。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】在七、八月份，連續(xù)幾周沒有下雨。

4.單選題

Fiber-opticcablescancarryhundredsoftelephoneconversations____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.simultaneously

B.spontaneously

C.homogeneously

D.contemporarily

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.simultaneously同時(shí)地B.spontaneously自發(fā)地；自然地

C.homogeneously同樣地D.contemporarily當(dāng)今；時(shí)下

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：光纖電纜可以……傳輸數(shù)百個(gè)電話通話。光線電纜指的是利用光導(dǎo)纖維可進(jìn)行光纖通信。光纖通信與電波通信相比，光纖通信能提供更多的通信通路，可滿足大容量通信系統(tǒng)的需要。由此可推斷，根據(jù)邏輯，光線電纜能夠同時(shí)傳輸數(shù)個(gè)電話通話。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】光纖電纜可以同時(shí)傳送數(shù)百個(gè)電話。

5.單選題

Theyhave____mostcarefullythetimeandthematerialsneededtocompletetheproject.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pickedout

B.leftout

C.takenout

D.figuredout

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.pickedout辨認(rèn)出；挑選B.leftout排除

C.takenout除掉；帶某人出去（吃飯或看電影等）D.figuredout計(jì)算出；想出；弄明白

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：他們已經(jīng)非常仔細(xì)地……完成這項(xiàng)工程所需的時(shí)間和材料。根據(jù)句意，完成這項(xiàng)工程所需的時(shí)間和材料是需要他們仔細(xì)地計(jì)算出來的。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】他們已經(jīng)非常仔細(xì)地計(jì)算出完成這項(xiàng)工程所需的時(shí)間和材料。

6.單選題

Packingallthegoodswilltake____days.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anotherten

B.otherten

C.thetenmore

D.theotherten

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.anotherten另十天B.otherten另十天

C.thetenmore另十天D.theotherten另十天

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】語法結(jié)構(gòu)。

【解題思路】句意：包裝所有貨物需要……天。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)可知，這里指包裝貨物還需要另外十天。anothertendays表示另外十天，another用作形容詞的基本意思是“另一個(gè)的”符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

other用在the或形容詞性物主代詞之后時(shí)，與單數(shù)名詞連用表示“(兩個(gè)中的)另一個(gè)”這里指另一個(gè)十天，因此不能用other，所以排除B、D選項(xiàng)；在本句中tendays為一個(gè)整體，不能將其拆開，因此不能選C。

【句意】把所有貨物裝箱還要花10天時(shí)間。

7.翻譯題

香港坐落在中國南端的一個(gè)彈丸小島上，在日趨全球化的經(jīng)濟(jì)中，香港正起著一個(gè)非常重要的角色。

【答案】HongKongislocatedinabulletislandinthesouthendofChina.HongKongisplayingaveryimportantroleinanincreasinglyglobaleconomy.

8.翻譯題

Simplicityistheoutwardsignandsymbolofdepthofthought.Itseemstomesimplicityisaboutthemostdifficultthingtoachieveinscholarshipandwriting.Howdifficultisclarityofthought,andyetitisonlyasthoughtbecomesclearthatsimplicityispossible.Whenweseeawriterbelaboringandideawemaybesurethattheideaisbelaboringhim.Thisisprovedbythegeneralfactthatthelecturesofayoungcollegeassistantinstructor,freshlygraduatedwithhighhonors,aregenerallyabstruseandinvolved,andthetruesimplicityofthoughtandeaseofexpressionaretobefoundonlyinthewordsoftheolderprofessors.

Simplicitypresupposesdigestionandalsomaturity:aswegrowolder,ourthoughtsbecomeclearer,insignificantandperhapsfalseaspectsofaquestionarecutoffandceasetodisturbus,ideastakeonmoredefiniteshapesandlongtrainsofthoughtgraduallyshapethemselvesintoaconvenientformulawhichsuggestsitselftousonefinemorning,andwearriveatthattrueluminosityofknowledgewhichiscalledwisdom.Thereisnolongersenseofeffort,andtruthbecomessimpletounderstandbecauseitbecomesclear.

【答案】簡樸是思想深度的外在標(biāo)志和象征。在我看來，簡樸是在學(xué)術(shù)和寫作中最難做到的事情。思想清晰是很難的，然而只有當(dāng)思想變得清晰時(shí)，簡樸才會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。當(dāng)我們看到一個(gè)作家絞盡腦汁的時(shí)候，或許這個(gè)想法正在折磨他。這一觀點(diǎn)通常被如下事實(shí)所證明：一個(gè)剛畢業(yè)的高材生做了學(xué)校的助教，他寫出的文章通常深?yuàn)W難懂，而只有老教授才能有簡明的思想和簡易的表達(dá)。

簡樸意味著領(lǐng)悟和成熟。隨著年齡的增長，我們的思想會(huì)變得更清晰，無用或者錯(cuò)誤的東西將不會(huì)困擾我們。思想更明確，而且經(jīng)過長期的訓(xùn)練，我們的思想逐漸形成了它自己簡明的模式，這暗示了思想清晰的開始。屆時(shí)，我們的思想達(dá)到了真正的高度，這就叫“智慧”。于是，真理變得簡單，而且理解不費(fèi)力，因?yàn)樗兊酶逦恕?/p>

9.單選題

Mr.Smithbecamevery____whenitwassuggestedthathehadmadeamistake.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ingenious

B.empirical

C.objective

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.ingenious精巧的；新穎獨(dú)特的B.empirical經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的

C.objective客觀的D.indignant憤慨的；憤怒的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：當(dāng)有人暗示史密斯先生犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，他變得非?！?。根據(jù)邏輯，當(dāng)有人指出自己錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候，人們會(huì)感到非常憤怒。因此史密斯先生被指出錯(cuò)誤時(shí)會(huì)變得憤怒。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】當(dāng)有人暗示史密斯先生犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，他變得非常憤怒。

10.翻譯題

WhyistheNativeLanguageLearntSoWell?Howdoesithappenthatchildrenlearntheirmothertonguesowell?Whenwecomparethemwithadultslearningaforeignlanguage,weoftenfindthisinterestingfactalittlechildwithoutknowledgeorexperienceoftensucceedsinacompletemasteryofthelanguage.Agrown-uppersonwithfullydevelopedmentalpowers,inmostcases,mayendupwithafaultyandinexactcommand.Whataccountsforthisdifference?

Despiteotherexplanations,therealanswerinmyopinionliespartlyinthechildhimself,partlyinthebehaviorofthepeoplearoundhim.Inthefirstplace,thetimeoflearningthemothertongueisthemostfavorableofall,namely,thefirstyearsoflife.Achildhearsitspokenfrommorningtillnightand,whatismoreimportant,alwaysinitsgenuineform,withtherightpronunciation,rightintonation,rightuseofwordsandrightstructure.Hedrinksinallthewordsandexpressionswhichcometohiminafresh,ever-bubblingspring.Thereisnoresistance:thereisperfectassimilation.

Thenthechildhas,asitwere,privatelessonsalltheyearround,whileanadultlanguage-studenthaseachweekalimitednumberofhourswhichhegenerallyshareswithothers.Thechildhasanotheradvantage:hehearsthelanguageinallpossiblesituations,alwaysaccompaniedbytherightkindofgesturesandfacialexpressions.Herethereisnothingunnatural,suchasisoftenfoundinlanguagelessonsinschools,whenonetalksabouticeandsnowinJuneorscorchingheatinJanuary.Andwhatachildhearsisgenerallywhatimmediatelyinterestshim.Againandagain,whenhisattemptsatspeecharesuccessful,hisdesiresareunderstoodandfulfilled.

Finally,thoughachild’s“teachers”maynothavebeentrainedinlanguageteaching,theirrelationswithhimarealwayscloseandpersonal.Theytakegreatpainstomaketheirlessonseasy.

NewEffortstoLeanaboutMarsTwoweeksago,theUnitedStateslaunchedaspaceshipnamedMarsGlobalSurveyor.ItisexpectedtoarriveatMarsnextSeptemberaftertravelingabout7hundredmillionkilometers.Itwillorbittheplanet.ItsmaintaskistomakethemostdetailedmapofMars.OnDecember2nd,theUnitedStatesistolaunchanotherspacecraftMarsPathfinder.Althoughthetwospacecraftsarenotdesignedtosearchforlife,theywillseekoutconditionsthatcouldsupportlife.

MarsisthefourthplanetfromtheSunthenextbeyondEarth.Ithasbeenabrightobjectofmysteryinthenightskysinceancienttimes.ItisnamedfortheRomanGodofWar.Becauseofthecolorofitssoilandrocks,Marsisalsocalledtheredplanet.Iflife,pastorpresent,istobefoundanywhereelseinthesolarsystem,scientistssay,Marsisprobablythespace.TheythinkMarsandEarthweresimilarasyoungplanets.TheybelievethatyoungMarswasmuchwarmerandwetterthanitisnow;andhadmuchthickeratmosphere.Today,Mars’atmosphereislessthan1%asthickasEarth’s.ItismostlycarbondioxidewhileEarth’satmosphereismainlynitrogen.MarsisabouthalfthesizeofEarth.Itisalmost7,000kilometersacross.Ithashugevolcanoesandcanyon4,000kilometersacross,thebiggestknowninthesolarsystem.Marsisalsoknownforgreatduststormswhichsometimescovertheplanet.TheaveragetemperatureonMarsis53degreesbelowzeroCelsius.Mars’warmatmosphereis27abovezero.

InsomeplacestheMartiansurfacelookslikeadesertonEarth.Inothers,itlookslikethesurfaceofourmoon.BystudyingMars,scientistssaywecanhopetolearnmoreaboutthehistoryandperhapsthefutureofourownplanet.SurfaceonMarsthatarealmost4,000millionyearsoldshowremainsofancientlakes.Thesesuggestthatthatliquidwateronceflowed.Marswaterishiddenunderitssurfacenow.Instrumentsonthespacecraftwillsearchforit.

ExtinctionStalksWorld’sTigersUnlessgovernmentstakesignificantmeasurestoprotecttigers,theymaygoextinctby2010,theWorldWildlifeFundsaidThursday.

Theconservationgroupsaidtigernumbershavedecreased95percentinthepastcenturyandonly5,000—7,200tigersstillsurviveinthewild—comparedwithnearly10timesthatmanyatthestartofthecentury.

WWF,publishedanupdateFeb.11,2019oftheirstudy—WantedAlive:TigersintheWild,markingtheendoftheChineseYearoftheTiger.

Thereportstatesthatdespitesustainedeffortsoverthepastyear,muchremainstobedonetopreventthetigerfrombecomingextinctearlynextcentury.Ifgovernmentsdonotcrackdownonpoachingandeliminatethedemandfortigerproducts,thetigerwillbestalkedtoextinction,saysWWF.

“WecannotletupforonemomentifwearetoensurethattigerswillstillexistinthewildbythenextChineseYearoftheTigerin2010,”saidElizabethKemf,speciesconservationinformationmanageratWWFInternationalandoneoftheauthorsofthereport.

Thegroupcitesillegalhuntingforthemedicinaltrade,lossofpreyspeciesweaklawenforcement,poaching,habitatlossandashrinkinggenepoolastheothermajorthreatsfacingtheworld’stigerpopulation.

TheWWFsaidonemajorsuccessduring1998wasthepassageoflegislationbytheU.S.Congressbanningtheimportandsaleofanyproductclaimingtocontainingredientsmadeofrhinoceros—anotherendangeredspecies—ortigerparts.

Inaddition,WWFestablishedaTigerEmergencyFund,supportedtheTigerConservationPrograminIndia,andworkedintheRussianFarEast.

Threeoftheeightsubspeciesoftiger—theBali,CaspianandJavantigersareextinct.TheSouthChinatigerfacesthesamefactsasonly20or30areknowntoremaininthewild,downfromanestimated4,000inthe1950s.

【答案】【參考譯文】

為什么母語學(xué)得這么好？11.單選題

Herarduouseffortshadsappedherenergy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.monotonous

B.strenuous

C.autonomous

D.spontaneous

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.monotonous單調(diào)乏味的；毫無變化的B.strenuous緊張的；費(fèi)力的；艱苦的

C.autonomous自治的；自主的D.spontaneous自發(fā)的；非籌劃安排的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意：她的艱苦努力耗盡了她的精力。劃線詞arduous意為“努力的；費(fèi)力的”。B選項(xiàng)strenuous“緊張的；費(fèi)力的；艱苦的”與之意思相近。選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】她的艱苦努力耗盡了她的精力。

12.翻譯題

美國人民非常欽佩中國幾千年來在人類文化、宗教、哲學(xué)、藝術(shù)、科學(xué)和技術(shù)等領(lǐng)域做出的貢獻(xiàn)。我們銘記著第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間兩國的牢固伙伴關(guān)系?，F(xiàn)在我們看到中國處在這樣一個(gè)歷史時(shí)刻：你們目前氣勢磅礴的改革和更加美好的未來是可以和輝煌的往昔相提并論的。僅僅三十年前，中國基本上與世隔絕，現(xiàn)在中國參加了從航空領(lǐng)域到農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的一千多個(gè)國際組織，影響遍及國家的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。你們已經(jīng)較大地開放了貿(mào)易和投資領(lǐng)域。今天有四萬年輕的中國學(xué)生在美國學(xué)習(xí)，另外還有幾十萬人在亞洲、非洲、歐洲和拉丁美洲學(xué)習(xí)。

你們在經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的改變過程中表現(xiàn)十分突出，你們從封閉的、指令性的經(jīng)濟(jì)體制過渡到蓬勃發(fā)展的、依靠市場力量的經(jīng)濟(jì)體制。近20年來，這種經(jīng)濟(jì)取得前所未有的增長。人們有更多的自由在國內(nèi)外旅行；人們可以選舉自己的村長；可以擁有自己的房子；可以選擇自己的職業(yè)和上更好的學(xué)校。這樣，你們使上億人民脫貧，人均收入在過去十年里翻了一番多，今天中國人民所過的生活是他們過去二十年來根本想象不到的。

當(dāng)然這些變化也打亂了一成不變的生活工作方式，也給環(huán)境造成極大的負(fù)擔(dān)。過去，每一個(gè)城市公民都保證在國有企業(yè)有份工作，現(xiàn)在必須競爭。過去，工人只需要滿足中央計(jì)劃安排的要求?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)入全球經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代，這意味著你們必須和全世界的質(zhì)量和創(chuàng)造性相競爭。

在短期內(nèi)，那些有能力的勤勞的人，至少有一部分也將會(huì)失業(yè)。正如你們所看到的，過去的20年的發(fā)展模式和能源使用模式，使中國在環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)、保健方面付出了巨大的代價(jià)：空氣污染、樹木減少、酸雨、水資源短缺。面對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn)，必須制定新的培訓(xùn)和社會(huì)保障制度體系。引進(jìn)新的環(huán)保政策和技術(shù)，一方面使經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，另一方面改善環(huán)境。

【答案】TheAmericanpeoplegreatlyadmireChina’scontributionsoverthousandsofyearsinthefieldsofhumanculture,religion,philosophy,art,scienceandtechnology.WerememberthestrongpartnershipbetweenourtwocountriesduringtheSecondWorldWar.NowweseeChinaatamomentinhistorywhenthemomentumofyourcurrentreformsandthepromiseofabrighterfuturecanbecomparedtothegloryofyourpast.Virtuallyisolatedjustthreedecadesago,Chinaisnowamemberofmorethanathousandinternationalorganizations,fromaviationtoagriculture,affectingeverysectorofthecountry.Youhaveopenedupyourtradeandinvestmentsectorsconsiderably.Today,40,000youngChinesestudentsstudyintheUnitedStates,andhundredsofthousandsmoreinAsia,Africa,EuropeandLatinAmerica.

Youhavedistinguishedyourselvesintheprocessofeconomicandsocialchange,fromaclosed,prescriptiveeconomytoonethatthrivesonmarketforces.Fornearlytwodecades,thiseconomyhasachievedunprecedentedgrowth.Peoplehavemorefreedomtotravelwithinandoutsidethecountry;Peoplecanelecttheirownvillageleaders;Youcanownyourownhome;Youcanchooseyourowncareerandgotobetterschools.Asaresult,youhaveliftedhundredsofmillionsofpeopleoutofpoverty,andpercapitaincomehasmorethandoubledinthelast10years.TheChinesepeopletodayarelivinglivestheycouldneverhaveimaginedinthelast20years.

Ofcourse,thesechangeshavedisruptedtheunchangingwayoflifeandworkandcausedagreatburdentotheenvironment.Inthepast,everycitycitizenwasguaranteedajobinastate-ownedenterprise;nowtheymustcompete.Inthepast,workersonlyhadtomeettherequirementsofcentralplanningarrangements.It’saglobaleconomy,andthatmeansyouhavetocompetewithqualityandcreativityallovertheworld.

Intheshortterm,atleastsomeofthosewhoareableandindustriouswillalsobeoutofwork.Asyoucansee,thepatternofdevelopmentandthepatternofenergyuseoverthelast20yearshastakenahugetollonChina’senvironment,economy,andhealth:airpollution,fewertrees,acidrain,watershortages.Facingthesechallenges,newsystemsoftrainingandsocialprotectionmustbedeveloped.Theintroductionofnewenvironmentalpoliciesandtechnologies,ontheonehand,willenableeconomicgrowth,andontheotherhand,improvetheenvironment.

13.單選題

PresidentBushtakestothebullypulpittodeliverasternlecturetoAmerica’sbusinesselite.TheJusticeDept.stunstheaccountingprofessionbyfilingacriminalindictmentofArthurAndersenLLPfordestroyingdocumentsrelatedtoitsauditsofEnronCorp.OnCapitolHill,somecongressionalpanelspushonwithbiasedhearingsonEnron’scollapseand,now,anotherbustedNewEconomystar,telecom’sGlobalCrossing.Lawmakerssignontonewbillsaimedattighteningoversightofeverythingfrompensionsandaccountingtoexecutivepay.

Toanyspectators,itwouldbeeasytoconcludethatthewindsofchangearesweepingCorporateAmerica,ledbyGeorgeW.Bush,whoranas“areformerwithresult”.Butfarfromdeconstructingthecorporateworldbrickbybrickintosomethingcleaner,sparer,andstronger,Bushaidesandmanylegislatorsarepreparingmodestlegislativeandadministrativereforms.Insteadofanoverhaul,Bush’steamiscountingonitsenforcers,JusticeandanewlyempoweredSecurities&ExchangeCommission,tomakeexamplesofthemostegregiousoffenders.Theideaisthatbusinesswillquicklygetthemessageandcleanupitsownact.

Whywon’ttheoutragedrhetoricresultinmorechanges?Forstarters,theBushAdministrationwarnsthatanyrushtolegislatecorporatebehaviorcouldproducearaftofflawedhillsthatraisecostswithouthaltingabuses.Businesshasstriventodrivethepointhomewithanintenselobbyingblitzthathasconvincedmanylawmakersthatover-regulationcouldstartlethestockmarketandperhapsendangerthenascenteconomicrecovery.

AllthissetsthestageforWashingtontogetbusywithpredictablymodestresults.Asurgeofcautionissweepingw