2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-華東師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)73

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-華東師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Color-blindpeopleoftenfinditdifficultto（）betweenblueandgreen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.separate

B.compare

C.contrast

D.distinguish

【答案】D

【解析】詞義辨析題。separate分離；compare比較；contrast對(duì)比；distinguish辨別。句意：色盲患者經(jīng)常很難區(qū)分藍(lán)色和綠色。選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.單選題

Itmightbesupposedthatgreaterefficiencyshouldbeachievedifseveralpeoplecollaboratetosolveaproblemthanifonlyoneindividualworksonit.Theassumptionisbynomeansinvariablytrue.

Althoughgroupsoftenmayincreasethemotivationoftheirmemberstodealwithproblems,thereisacounter-balancingneedtocontendwithconflictsarisingamongmembersofagroupandtogiveitcoherentdirections.Problem-solvingisfacilitatedbythepresenceofaneffectiveleaderwhonotonlyprovidesdirectionbutpermitstheorderly,constructiveexpressionofavarietyofopinions;muchoftheleader’seffortmaybedevotedtoresolvingdifferences.Successinproblem-solvingalsodependsonthedistributionofabilitywithinagroup.Solutionssimplymayreflectthepresenceofanoutstandingindividualwhomightperformevenbetterbyhimself.

Althoughgroupsmayreachagreaternumberofcorrectsolutions,ormayrequirelesstimetodiscoverananswer,theirnetman-hourefficiencyistypicallylowerthanthatachievedbyskilledindividualsworkingalone.

Aprocesscalledbrainstorminghasbeenofferedasamethodoffacilitatingtheproductionofnewsolutionstoproblems.Inbrainstorming,aproblemispresentedtoagroupofpeoplewhothenproceedtoofferwhatevertheycanthinkof,regardlessofqualityandwithasfewinhibitionsaspossible.Theoreticallytheseunrestrictedsuggestionsincreasetheprobabilitythatatleastsomesuperiorsolutionswillemerge.Nevertheless,studiesshowthatwhenindividualsworkaloneundersimilarconditions,performancetendstoproceedmoreefficientlythanitdoesingroups.

Underspecialcircumstances,however,agroupmaysolveproblemsmoreeffectivelythandoesareasonablycompetentindividual.Groupmembersmaycontributedifferent(andessential)resourcestoasolutionthatnoindividualcanreadilyachievealone;suchpoolingofinformationandskillscanmakegroupachievementssuperiorindealingwithselectedproblems.Sometimessocialdemandsmayrequiregroupagreementonasinglealternative,asinformulatingnationaleconomicormilitarypoliciesunderdemocraticgovernments.Whenonlyoneamongseveralalternativesolutionsiscorrect,evenifagrouprequiresmoretime,ithasahigherprobabilityofidentifyingtherightonethandoesanindividualalone.

1.Inthispassage,theauthorarguesthatthinkingingroups（）

2.Thephrase‘contendwith’inParagraphTwomostprobablymeans（）

3.Accordingtotheauthor,comparedwithanindividual,agroup（）

4.Theword‘brainstorming’inParagraphFourroughlymeans（）

5.Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethatagroupwillbemoreefficientin（）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isthebestwaytosolveanyproblems

B.isbynomeansusefulinproblem-solving

C.mayresultineffectiveproblem-solvingundercertaincircumstances

D.willinevitablyproducegreaterefficiencyinproblem-solvingthanindividualthinking

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.handle

B.arguewith

C.satisfy

D.competewith

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.mayneedmoretimetodiscoverananswer

B.needsaneffectiveleadertoprovidedirection

C.oftenfailstoresolveconflictsamongitsmembers

D.willalwaysproducebettersuggestions

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.offeringamethodoffacilitatingtheproductionofnewsolutionstoproblems

B.unrestrainedofferingofideasandsuggestionsbyagroupofpeopletoseeksolutionstoproblems

C.increasingtheefficiencyinproblem-solvingbyworkingwitheachother

D.forcingpeopletoworktogethertosolveaproblem

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.solvingproblemsthatneedintensivestudy

B.analyzinginformationanddata

C.dealingwithnationalproblems

D.selectingthebestsolutiontoaproblem

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“Underspecialcircumstances,however,agroupmaysolveproblemsmoreeffectivelythandoesareasonablycompetentindividual.”在特殊情況下，一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)可能比一個(gè)有能力的人更有效地解決問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.詞義題。根據(jù)原文可知，這里指需要處理好成員之間的沖突，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句“Problem-solvingisfacilitatedbythepresenceofaneffectiveleader…”一個(gè)有效的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的存在有助于解決問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)第四段的第二句“Inbrainstorming,aproblemispresentedtoagroupofpeoplewhothenproceedtoofferwhatevertheycanthinkof,regardlessofqualityandwithasfewinhibitionsaspossible.”頭腦風(fēng)暴指提供一個(gè)問(wèn)題給一群人，然后他們會(huì)談?wù)撍芟氲降娜魏螙|西，而不管質(zhì)量如何，并且盡可能不受限制。也就是說(shuō)一群人無(wú)拘無(wú)束地提出想法和建議，尋求問(wèn)題的解決方案；選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后兩句可知：在處理國(guó)家問(wèn)題上，集體比個(gè)人更有效率。

3.單選題

Hewasmoreorlessdisappointedat（）moreguests.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nothaving

B.therenothaving

C.nothavingbeen

D.therenothavingbeen

【答案】A

【解析】bedisappointedatdoingsth..為固定搭配,

表示“對(duì)...感到失望”,

首先排除選項(xiàng)B和D；根據(jù)句意：沒(méi)有更多的客人,

他多少有點(diǎn)失望。這里不存在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),

所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.單選題

Thereturnsintheshort（）maybesmall,butoveranumberofyearstheinvestmentwillbewellrepaid.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.interval

B.range

C.span

D.term

【答案】D

【解析】intheshortterm為固定搭配,

意為“在短期內(nèi)”。interval,span也可以表示一段時(shí)間,

但不能與intheshort搭配,range表示范圍。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.單選題

Thisyoungman,（）withacravingformaterialisticgratification,caresaboutnothingbutmoney.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obsessed

B.negotiated

C.compromised

D.provided

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。obsessedwith沉迷于；negotiatedwith與…協(xié)商；compromisedwith向（某人）妥協(xié)；providedwith給…提供。句意：這個(gè)年輕人貪圖物質(zhì)上的滿足，只關(guān)心錢(qián)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

6.單選題

Inthatwar-torncountry,homelessorphanchildren’splightisquite（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deceptive

B.perceptive

C.pathetic

D.perpetual

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。deceptive欺詐的；perceptive感知的；pathetic可憐的；perpetual永久的。句意：在那個(gè)飽受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)摧殘的國(guó)家里，無(wú)家可歸的孤兒的處境十分悲慘。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

7.單選題

Lifeinsuranceisfinancialprotectionfordependentsagainstloss（）thebread-winner'sdeath.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.atthecostof

B.onthevergeof

C.asaresultof

D.forthesakeof

【答案】C

【解析】atthecostof

以...為代價(jià)；onthevergeof瀕臨于,

接近于；asaresultof因此,

由于；forthesakeof為了。句意：人壽保險(xiǎn)為被保者的家屬提供經(jīng)濟(jì)保障,

以防止因養(yǎng)家糊口的人去世而造成的損失。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

8.單選題

Inoursocietytheunwrittenrulesofcommunicationdiscouragethedirectexpressionofemotions.Countthenumberofgenuineemotionalexpressionsyouhearoveratwo-or-three-dayperiodandyou’lldiscoverthatemotionalexpressionsarerare.Peoplearegenerallycomfortablemakingstatementsoffactandoftendelightinexpressingtheiropinions,buttheyrarelydisclosehowtheyfeel.

Notsurprisingly,theemotionsthatpeopledosharedirectlyareusuallypositive.Forexample,onestudyofmarriedcouplesrevealedthatthepartnerssharedflatteringfeelingsofface-savingones.Theyalsowillinglydisclosedbothpositiveandnegativefeelingsaboutabsentthirdparties.Ontheotherhand,thehusbandsandwivesrarelyexpressedface-threateningfeelingsofhostility.

Surprisingly,socialrulesevendiscouragetoomuchexpressionofpositivefeelings.AhugandkissforMotherisallright,thoughayoungmanshouldshakehandswithDad.Affectiontowardfriendsbecomeslessandlessfrequentaswegrowolder,sothatevenasimplestatementsuchas“Ilikeyou”isseldomheardbetweenadults.

Areviewofresearchonemotionalexpressionsupportstheculturalstereotypeofthenon-emotionalmaleandthemoreemotionalfemale.Asagroup,womenaremorelikelythanmentoexpresstheiremotions.Theyarebetteratdistinguishingbetweenrelatedfeelingssuchaslikingandloving,andtheyaremorelikelytohavemoreaffectionaterelationshipsthanmen.Ofcourse,thesegenderdifferencesarestatisticalaverage,andtherearemanymenandwomenwhodonotfallintothesetypes.

1.Whatisthemainidesofthispassage?

2.Peopleavoidexpressingtheirfeelingsdirectlybecause（）

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdopeopletendtoexpress?

4.That“Womenarebetterthanmeninexpressingfeelings”is（）

5.Accordingtothepassage,itissurprisingthat（）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Bothadultsandchildrenseldomexposetheirfeelingsandopinions.

B.Societyistherealcauseofpeople’slessexpressionoftheiraffection.

C.Peopleliketotalkfreelybehindathirdperson.

D.Womenaremoreopenthanmeninexpressingtheirfeelings.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyhavenotimeoveratwo-or-three-dayperiod

B.theyfeeltimidtodoso

C.theypreferfactstofeelings

D.theyfeeluneasywhentheydisclosetheirinnerworld

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Yourhairstyleisgood,butthecolordoesnotsuityourskin.

B.Howshouldhehavelefttheroominsuchamess!

C.I’msorrytosayIcan’tloveyouanymore.

D.Itissillyofyoutohavegivenupthischance.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.acompleteculturalstereotype

B.provenbyresearch

C.thetraditionalprejudice

D.thekeytosocialproblems

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.womenaremoreexpressivethanmen

B.husbandsandwivestendtopleaseeachother

C.peoplearesociallydiscouragedfromexpressingtheirpositivefeelings

D.peoplefeelcomfortabletodisclosetheirnegativefeelings

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。第一段的第一句為本文的中心句。主要講社會(huì)中不成文的交流規(guī)則阻礙了人們情感的表達(dá)。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Peoplearegenerallycomfortablemakingstatementsoffactandoftendelightinexpressingtheiropinions,buttheyrarelydisclosehowtheyfeel.”人們通常會(huì)很自在的陳述事實(shí)和表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，但他們很少表露自己的感受。選項(xiàng)D只是換了一種方式闡述這句話，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)上一題可知人們通常會(huì)很自在的陳述事實(shí)和表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，但他們很少表露自己的感受。選項(xiàng)A就是陳述客觀事實(shí)，但沒(méi)有涉及到說(shuō)話人自己的感受，所以正確。

4.語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“Areviewofresearchonemotionalexpressionsupportstheculturalstereotypeofthenon-emotionalmaleandthemoreemotionalfemale.”可知選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Surprisingly,socialrulesevendiscouragetoomuchexpressionofpositivefeelings.”令人驚訝的是，社會(huì)規(guī)則甚至阻礙了積極情緒的太多表達(dá)。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

9.單選題

Ourgenerationhasmadesuchimmensediscoveriesandachievedsuchundreamedenrichmentsoftheoutsideoflife,thatithaslosttouchwiththeinsideoflife.Ithasforgottenthetruerichesandbeautiesofitsspiritualinheritance:richesandbeautiesthatgofarbeyondourmodernchatteraboutvaluesandideals.Themind'ssearchformorebreadthhasobscuredtheheart'scravingformoredepth.Onceagainmanhasbecomethedupeofhisowncleverness.Andbecauseitisdifficulttoattendtomorethanafewthingsatatime,weleaveoutagreatrangeofexperienceswhichcomesinbyanotherrouteandtellsusofanotherkindoflife.Ourinterestrushesouttothefarthestlimitsoftheuniverse,butweseldomtakeasoundingoftheoceanbeneathourrestlesskeels.Weget,therefore,aqueerfeelingthatweareleavingsomethingout.Knowledgehasgrown;butwisdom,savoringthedeepwonderandmysteryoflife,lingersfarbehind.Thusthelifeofthehumanspirit,whichoughttomaintainabalancebetweentheworldvisibleandtheworldinvisible,isthrownoutofgear.

1.Whichofthefollowingmaybestserveasthetitleofthepassage?

2.Theauthorofthispassageimplieshisconcernoverman's（）

3.Theauthorsuggeststhatmanneedsto（）

4.Whichofthefollowingisimpliedinthepassage?

5.Whatissomethingthatweareleavingoutaccordingtotheauthor?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Man'sNeedforWisdom.

B.TheInvisibleWorld.

C.TheHeartandMindofMan.

D.TheGrowthofKnowledge.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.inhumanitytoothermen

B.emphasisonthematerialisticinlife

C.explorationsinthefarthestlimitsoftheuniverse

D.lackofknowledgeofthevisibleworld

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.becleverer.

B.learntodomorethanonethingatatime

C.givemoreattentiontothespirit

D.becomemoresocial

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thesoulofmenisrestless.

B.Peoplespendtoomuchtimeinidletalk.

C.Manistooconcernedwiththingsofthespirit.

D.Manshouldsearchformorebreadthinhislife.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Immensediscoveries

B.Undreamedenrichmentsoftheoutsideoflife

C.Wisdom

D.Knowledge

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。這段文章主要講述了人類(lèi)追求外在物質(zhì)的世界而忽略了內(nèi)在的精神世界的情況。文章的倒數(shù)第二句“Knowledgehasgrown;butwisdom,savoringthedeepwonderandmysteryoflife,lingersfarbehind.”進(jìn)行了點(diǎn)題,人們的知識(shí)增長(zhǎng)了,但智慧卻遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后,所以人們需要智慧。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)上一題可以知道,文章就是在說(shuō)人類(lèi)追求外在物質(zhì)的世界而忽略了內(nèi)在的精神世界的情況,所以由此推斷,作者擔(dān)心的是人類(lèi)過(guò)于關(guān)注物質(zhì)世界。選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。福據(jù)文章中的Ithasforgottenthetruerichesandbeautiesofitsspiritualinheritance。可以知道作者還是很希望大家更多的關(guān)注內(nèi)在世界,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文中“Weget,therefore,aqueerfeelingthatweareleavingsomethingout.”我們有一種奇怪的感覺(jué),覺(jué)得我們遺漏了什么。選項(xiàng)B說(shuō)的是表象,選項(xiàng)C和D錯(cuò)誤。所以只有選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文中的倒數(shù)第二句“Knowledgehasgrown;butwisdom,savoringthedeepwonderandmysteryoflife,lingersfarbehind.”由此推斷,人們遺失的是智慧。

10.單選題

ProfessorLee’sbookwillshowyou（）canbeusedinothercontexts.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatyouhaveobserved

B.howthatyouhaveobserved

C.thathowyouhaveobserved

D.howwhatyouhaveobserved

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。這是賓語(yǔ)從句中帶有主語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)雜句子。that不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)A和B。how不能做that的先行詞，所以選項(xiàng)C也錯(cuò)誤，本題選D。句意：李教授的書(shū)將會(huì)指導(dǎo)你如何將觀察所學(xué)的東西應(yīng)用到其他領(lǐng)域。

11.單選題

Whenitcomestothetruthofthecase,his（）answeris“nocomment”.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.invariable

B.investigative

C.invalid

D.invasive

【答案】A

【解析】詞義辨析題。invariable不變的,

始終如一的；investigative調(diào)查研究的；invalid無(wú)效的；invasive侵略性的。句意：說(shuō)到案件的真相,

他始終如一的回答是“無(wú)可奉告”。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

12.單選題

Hesayshehasn’tgotanymoney（）infacthe’sgotthousandsofdollarsinhisaccount.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.since

C.while

D.for

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他說(shuō)他一分錢(qián)都沒(méi)拿到,

但實(shí)際上,

他的賬戶進(jìn)賬幾千美元。上下有轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系,

用while更適合。

13.單選題

Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitythatwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassicalandmedievalworlds,whileduringthefifteenthcenturytheterm“reading”undoubtedlymeantreadingaloud.Onlyduringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.Oneshouldbewary,however,ofassumingthatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisadistractiontoothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothehistoricaldevelopmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedincharacter.

Thelastcenturysawasteadygradualincreaseinliteracy,andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreased,thenumberofpotentiallistenersdeclined,andthustherewassomereductionintheneedtoreadaloud.Readingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommon,socametheflourishingofreadingasaprivateactivityinsuchpublicplaceslikelibraries,railwaycarriagesandoffices,wherereadingaloudwouldcausedistractiontootherreaders.

Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstillconsiderableargumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreatedrespectfully,andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomewaymentallyweakening.Indeedthisargumentremainswithusstillineducation.However,whateveritsvirtueswere,theoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwasreplacedbytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsforaspecializedreadershipontheother.

Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate,ifnotimpossible,fortheoralreader.Thesocial,cultural,andtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatlyalteredwhattheterm“reading”implied.

1.Whywasreadingaloudcommonbeforethenineteenthcentury?

2.Thedevelopmentofsilentreadingduringthenineteenthcenturyindicated（）

3.Educationalistsarestillarguingabout（）

4.Theemergenceofthemassmediaandofspecializedperiodicalsshowedthat（）

5.Whatisthewriter'spurposeinwritingthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Silentreadinghadnotbeendiscovered.

B.Therewerefewplacesavailableforprivatereading.

C.Fewpeoplecouldreadforthemselves.

D.Peoplereliedonreadingforentertainment.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.achangeinthestatusofliteratepeople

B.achangeinthenatureofreading

C.anincreaseinthenumberofbooks

D.anincreaseintheaverageageofreaders

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theimportanceofsilentreading

B.theamountofinformationyieldedbybooksandnewspapers

C.theeffectsofreadingonhealth

D.thevalueofdifferenttypesofreadingmaterial

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.standardsofliteracyhaddeclined

B.printingtechniqueshadimproved

C.readers'interestshaddiversified

D.educationalists'attitudeshadchanged

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Toexplainhowpresent-dayreadinghabitsdeveloped.

B.Tochangepeople'sattitudestowardreading.

C.Toshowhowreadingmethodshaveimproved.

D.Toencouragethegrowthofreading

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的一二句“Thelastcentury...toreadaloud.”隨著人們讀寫(xiě)能力的提升,讀者人數(shù)的増加以及聽(tīng)眾的數(shù)量減少,所以對(duì)大聲朗讀的需求有所減少。由此推斷19世紀(jì)以前是因?yàn)楹苌儆腥四軌蜃约洪喿x,所以大聲朗讀很普遍。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Examinationoffactors...becausethetasksthemselveschangedincharacter.”可知,19世紀(jì)無(wú)聲閱讀的發(fā)展說(shuō)明閱讀的本質(zhì)發(fā)生了改變,選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“therewasstillconsiderable...mentallyweakening.”關(guān)于書(shū)籍是否應(yīng)被用于提供信息或受到尊重,以及諸如報(bào)紙之類(lèi)的閱讀材料是否在某種程度上削弱了人們的精神,仍有相當(dāng)多的爭(zhēng)論。由此推斷,選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“theoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwasreplacedbytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsforaspecializedreadershipontheother.”舊的共享知識(shí)文化已經(jīng)消失,一方面取而代之的是印刷的大眾傳媒,另一方面是專門(mén)的書(shū)籍和期刊閱讀。由此推斷,讀者的興趣越來(lái)越多樣化,所以選C。

5.作者意圖題。全文主要講述reading（閱讀）的變化及發(fā)展,這一發(fā)展變化說(shuō)明讀書(shū)習(xí)慣的形成過(guò)程及原因,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

14.單選題

YoucanarriveinBeijingearlierforthemeeting（）youdon’tmindtakingthenighttrain.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.provided

B.unless

C.though

D.until

【答案】A

【解析】考査連詞。provided假如,

倘若；unless除非,

如果不；though雖然,

盡管；until直到。句意：如果你不介意做晚上的火車(chē)的話，你可以提前抵達(dá)北京開(kāi)會(huì)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

15.單選題

Waterwillcontinuetobe（）itistoday-nextinimportancetooxygen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.how

B.which

C.as

D.what

【答案】C

【解析】句意：水將繼續(xù)保持現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài),

即重要性僅次于氧的這種狀態(tài)。as...正如...一樣,

選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

16.單選題

Examinationsdonot（）studentstoseekmoreknowledge.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exert

B.instruct

C.motivate

D.qualify

【答案】C

【解析】詞義辨析題。exert運(yùn)用；instruct指導(dǎo)；motivate激勵(lì)；qualify使…有資格。句意：考試無(wú)法激勵(lì)學(xué)生去追求更多的知識(shí)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

17.單選題

Practicallyspeaking,theartisticmaturingofthecinemawasthesingle-handedachievementofDavidW.Griffith(1875-1948).BeforeGriffith,photographyindramaticfilmsconsistedoflittlemorethanplacingtheactorsbeforeastationarycameraandshowingtheminfulllengthastheywouldhaveappearedonstage.Fromthebeginningofhiscareerasadirector,however,Griffith,becauseofhisloveofVictorianpainting,employedcomposition.Heconceivedofthecameraimageashavingaforegroundandarearground,aswellasthemiddledistancepreferredbymostdirectors.By1910,hewasusingclose-upstorevealsignificantdetailsofthesceneoroftheactingandextremelongshotstoachieveasenseofspectacleanddistance.Hisappreciationofthecamera’spossibilitiesproducednoveldramaticeffects.Bysplittinganeventintofragmentsandrecordingeachfromthemostsuitablecameraposition,hecouldsignificantlyvarytheemphasisfromcamerashottocamerashot.

Griffithalsoachieveddramaticeffectsbymeansofcreativeediting.Byjuxtaposingimagesandvaryingthespeedandrhythmoftheirpresentation,hecouldcontrolthedramaticintensityoftheeventsasthestoryprogressed.Despitethereluctanceofhisproducers,whofearedthatthepublicwouldnotbeabletofollowsuchastory,Griffithpersistedandexperimentedaswellwithotherelementswhichhavebecomestandardeversince.

Besidesdevelopingthecinema'slanguage,Griffithimmenselybroadeneditsrangeandtreatmentofsubjects.Hisearlymoviesincludednotonlythestandardcomedies,melodramas,westerns,andthrillers,butalsosuchnoveltiesasadaptationsfromBrowningandTennyson,andtreatmentofsocialissues.Ashissuccessmounted,hisambitionsgrew.Whenhemadeanewmoviein1911,heinsistedthatasubjectofimportancecouldnotbetreatedinthethenconventionallengthofonereel.Oneofhismoviesreachedtheunprecedentedlengthoffourreels,oronehour’srunningtime.Griffith’sintroductionoftheAmerican-mademulti-reelpicturebegananimmenserevolution.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）

2.TheauthorsuggeststhatGriffith’sfilminnovationshadadirecteffectonallofthefollowingexcept（）

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbefore1910thenormalrunningtimeofafilmwas（）

4.ItcanbeinferredthatGriffithwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements?

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardphotographyinthecinemabeforeGriffithcanbebestdescribedas（）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discusstheimportanceofGriffithtothedevelopmentofcinema

B.describetheimpactoncinemaoftheflashbacksandothereditinginnovations

C.documentGriffith'simpactonthechoiceofsubjectmatterinAmericanfilms

D.deplorethestateofAmericancinemabeforetheGriffith

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.filmediting

B.scenecomposing

C.camerawork

D.soundediting

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.15minutesorless

B.between30and45minutes

C.between15and30minutes

D.onehourormore

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thegooddirectorwillattempttoexplorenewideasasquicklyaspossible.

B.Themostimportantelementcontributingtoafilm’ssuccessistheabilityoftheactors.

C.Thecamerashouldbeconsideredanintegralandactiveelementinthecreationofafilm.

D.Thecinemashouldemphasizeseriousandsoberexaminationsoffundamentalhumanproblems.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.sympathetic

B.indifferent

C.nostalgic

D.condescending

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.作者意圖題。文章第一段第一句就提到“Practicallyspeaking,theartisticmaturingofthecinemawasthesingle-handedachievementofDavidW.Griffith.”電影藝術(shù)的成熟是DavidW.Griffith的個(gè)人成就,接下來(lái)全文主要講Griffith對(duì)電影事業(yè)的發(fā)展做出的貢獻(xiàn),也就是講述其重要性。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段主要講述了拍攝技巧上的創(chuàng)新,順便也提到了場(chǎng)景組合,所以選項(xiàng)B、C正確；第二段主要講述了視頻剪輯的創(chuàng)新,所以選項(xiàng)A也正確,第三段提到的是電影語(yǔ)言而不是聲音的處理,所以選項(xiàng)D不正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段后半部分的內(nèi)容：1911年,Griffith拍攝了一部新電影,他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為一個(gè)重要的主題不能用當(dāng)時(shí)傳統(tǒng)的一卷膠卷的長(zhǎng)度來(lái)處理。所以這部電影達(dá)到了前所未有的四卷,即一小時(shí)的放映時(shí)間。格里菲斯引進(jìn)的美國(guó)制作的多卷電影開(kāi)始了一場(chǎng)巨大的革命。由此推斷,1910年以前,電影正常放映的時(shí)間是一個(gè)膠卷的時(shí)間,4個(gè)膠卷為1個(gè)小時(shí),所以1個(gè)膠卷的時(shí)間為15分鐘,選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.判斷推理題。選項(xiàng)A在文中沒(méi)有合理的論據(jù)；文中沒(méi)有涉及到演員對(duì)電影的重要性,所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤；

選項(xiàng)D電影應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)人類(lèi)基本問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)肅而冷靜的審視,在文中也沒(méi)有相關(guān)論據(jù)可以證明,所以錯(cuò)誤。

選項(xiàng)C攝影應(yīng)該被認(rèn)為是電影創(chuàng)作中不可或缺的積極因素,符合原文。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。sympathetic同情的；indifferent漠不關(guān)心的；nostalgic懷舊的；condescending謙遜的。根據(jù)第一段的第二句“BeforeGriffith,photography...”作者只是很平淡的講述這一事實(shí),沒(méi)有任何帶感情色彩的褒義或者貶義詞,所以作者的態(tài)度是謙遜的,選項(xiàng)D正確。

18.單選題

Thedecision（）,thenextproblemwashowtointroduceanewbudget.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingmade

B.havingmade

C.wasmade

D.havingbeenmade

【答案】D

【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：作了決定以后,

下一個(gè)問(wèn)題是如何引進(jìn)新的預(yù)算。make與thedecision之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,

首先排除選項(xiàng)B；后面的句子成分完整,

如果填入選項(xiàng)C的話,

缺少連詞,

所以排除。根據(jù)句意可知,

應(yīng)該是先做完決定,

然后再引進(jìn)預(yù)算,

所以這里應(yīng)該用完成時(shí),

選項(xiàng)D正確。

19.單選題

Yourmathinstructorwouldhavebeenhappytogiveyouamakeupexaminationhadyougoneandexplainedthatyourparents（）atthetime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hadbeenill

B.wereill

C.wouldhavebeenill

D.shouldhavebeenill

【答案】B

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。句子是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬,

但“父母病了”是客觀事實(shí),

故不需要用虛擬形式hadbeen,

直接用過(guò)去式即可,

選項(xiàng)B正確。

20.翻譯題

Directions:PutthefollowingintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversiononANSWERSHEETII.

Itmayalsobesaidthatrational,industrious,usefulhumanbeingsaredividedintotwoclasses:first,thosewhoseworkisworkandwhosepleasureispleasure;andsecondly,thosewhoseworkandpleasureareone.Ofthesetheformerarethemajority.Theyhavetheircompensations.Thelonghoursintheofficeorthefactorybringwiththemastheirreward,notonlythemeansofsustenance,butakeenappetiteforpleasureeveninitssimplestandmostmodestforms.ButFortune’sfavouredchildrenbelongtothesecondclass.Theirlifeisanaturalharmony.Forthemtheworkinghoursareneverlongenough.Eachdayisaholiday,andordinaryholidayswhentheycomearegrudgedasenforcedinterruptionsinanabsorbingvacation.Yettobothclassestheneedofanalternativeoutlook,ofachangeofatmosphere,ofadiversionofeffort,isessential.Indeed,itmaywellbethatthosewhoseworkistheirpleasurearethosewhomostneedthemeansofbanishingitatintervalsfromtheirminds.

【答案】也可以說(shuō),那些理性的、勤勉的、有價(jià)值的人們可分為兩類(lèi)。一類(lèi),他們的工作就是工作,娛樂(lè)就是娛樂(lè)；而另一類(lèi),他們的工作即娛樂(lè)。大多數(shù)人屬于前者,他們得到了相應(yīng)的補(bǔ)償。長(zhǎng)時(shí)間在辦公室或工廠里的工作,回報(bào)給他們的不僅是維持了生計(jì),還有一種強(qiáng)烈的對(duì)娛樂(lè)的需求,哪怕是最簡(jiǎn)單的、最樸實(shí)的娛樂(lè)。不過(guò),命運(yùn)的寵兒則屬于后者,他們的生活很自然和諧。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō),工作時(shí)間永遠(yuǎn)不嫌長(zhǎng)。每天都是假日,而當(dāng)正常的假日來(lái)臨時(shí),他們總是埋怨自己所全身心投入的休假被強(qiáng)行中斷了。不過(guò),有些事情對(duì)兩類(lèi)人是同樣至關(guān)重要的,那就是轉(zhuǎn)換一下視角、改變一下氛圍、將精力轉(zhuǎn)移到別的事情上。確實(shí),對(duì)那些工作即是娛樂(lè)的人來(lái)說(shuō),最需要隔一段時(shí)間就用某種方式把工作從腦子里面趕出去。

21.單選題

Herushedintothehouseandsavedtheboyout,（）theintensefire.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.irrespectiveof

B.insteadof

C.infrontof

D.incaseof

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析題。irrespectiveof不顧；insteadof代替；infrontof在…前面；incaseof假如。句意：他不顧大火,

沖進(jìn)屋里把男孩救了出來(lái)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

22.單選題

Inwhat（）toalastminutestayofexecutionacouncilannouncedthatemergencyfundingwouldkeepalivetwoagingsatellites.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.applies

B.accounts

C.attaches

D.amounts

【答案】D

【解析】辨析題。applyto應(yīng)用于；accountto對(duì)...做出解釋；attachto聯(lián)系；amountsto導(dǎo)致。句意：在最后一分鐘,

導(dǎo)致延遲處決的是委員會(huì)宣布應(yīng)急基金將使兩顆已使用多年的衛(wèi)星繼續(xù)運(yùn)行。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

23.單選題

A（）fromeveryperson,nomatterhowsmall,willhelptheRedCrossreachitsgoalof$100,000.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.contract

B.concentration

C.contribution

D.construction

【答案】C

【解析】詞義辨析題。contract合同,

合約；concentration專注,

集中；

contribution貢獻(xiàn),

捐贈(zèng)；construction建筑。句意：每個(gè)人的貢獻(xiàn),

無(wú)論多么小,

都將幫助紅十字會(huì)達(dá)到10萬(wàn)美元的目標(biāo)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

24.單選題

（）mainlyfortheinventionofthetelephone,AlexanderGrahamBelldevotedhislifetohelpingthedeaf.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Heisremembered

B.Whilebeingremembered

C.Toberemembered

D.Thoughremembered

【答案】D

【解析】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。后面的句子完整,

但是沒(méi)有連詞連接,

由此可知前面應(yīng)該為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),

所以首先排除選項(xiàng)A。根據(jù)句意：雖然人們記得亞歷山大·格雷厄姆·貝爾主要是由于電話的發(fā)明,

但實(shí)際上他一生都致力于幫助失聰者。前后有轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系,

所以用連詞though更適合。

25.單選題

MyfriendPaulwasbadlytakeninwhenhepaid$1000forthatsecond-handcar,itwasnotworth（）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thatallmuch

B.allthatmuch

C.thatmuchall

D.muchallthat

【答案】B

【解析】考查修飾語(yǔ)。thatmuch通常用于口語(yǔ)中，用all修飾，進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。所以本題選B。

26.翻譯題

PutthefollowingintoChinese.

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay:“Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyethardlygetanybenefitorrelief.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Itisnouseofferingthemanuallaborer,tiredoutwithahardweek’ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworryabouttriflingthingsattheweekend.

【答案】要想獲得真正的快樂(lè)與安寧,一個(gè)人至少應(yīng)該有兩到三種業(yè)余愛(ài)好,而且必須是真正的愛(ài)好。到了晚年才說(shuō)“我要培養(yǎng)這個(gè)或那個(gè)興趣”是無(wú)用的,這種嘗試只會(huì)増加精神上的負(fù)擔(dān)。一個(gè)人可以在自己工作之外的