2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西北大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)25

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西北大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Electricalenergymaybeseparatedintotwo（

）componentsaspositiveandnegative.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.specialized

B.told

C.specified

D.said

【答案】C

【解析】specialize使專(zhuān)門(mén)化；使適應(yīng)特殊情況；specify指定，詳細(xì)說(shuō)明，列舉。句意：電能可分為正負(fù)兩種指定的部分。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

2.翻譯題

疲勞是人們向醫(yī)生、朋友和親人最常抱怨的問(wèn)題之一?；蛟S你認(rèn)為在這個(gè)擁有各種節(jié)省體力的裝置和方便的交通設(shè)施的時(shí)代。很少有人會(huì)有理由感到如此疲勞。然而，今天與用手捆干草，用搓衣板洗衣服的昔日相比，抱怨疲勞的人也許更多了。據(jù)醫(yī)生們說(shuō)，疲倦更可能是由于過(guò)少的活動(dòng)所致，而不是過(guò)多的活動(dòng)所引起的。情緒問(wèn)題和煩惱，特別是憂(yōu)郁和焦慮，顯然是長(zhǎng)期疲勞最常見(jiàn)的原因。

【答案】Fatigueisoneofthemostcommonproblemscomplainedbypeopletodoctors,friendsandfolks.Perhapsyouthinkthatfewwouldhavereasonstofeeltiredintheeraoffullofallkindsofstrength-savingdeviceandconvenienttransportfacilities.However,maybemorepeoplecomplainaboutthefatiguenowadaysthantheolddayswhenbalinghaybyhandandwashingclotheswithawashboard.Asthedoctorsaid,fatigueismorelikelytoresultfromtoolittleactivity,andnottobecausedbytoomanyactivities.Emotionalproblemsandtrouble,especiallydepressionandanxiety,areclearlythemostcommoncauseofchronicfatigue.

3.單選題

Thepresident'senemiesarespreadingillrumorsto（

）hisauthority.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assert

B.forge

C.undermine

D.remain

【答案】C

【解析】assert維護(hù)，主張，聲稱(chēng)；forge偽造，鍛造；undermine破壞，削弱；remain保持，留下。句意：總統(tǒng)的敵人正在散布謠言去破壞他的權(quán)威。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

4.翻譯題

Itisacommonsayingthatwedonotfullyvalueathinguntilweloseit.Weoftenvaluetheloveandworthofafriendwhenhehasbeentakenfromusbydeath,morethanwhenhewaswithusintheflesh;itisonlywhenwehaveleftschoolorcollegethatweunderstandthegreatnessofouropportunityofeducation,whichhasgoneforever;anditisthesickandtheailingwhorealizethevalueofgoodhealth.Wearesousedtovigoroushealththatwetakeitforgranted.（1）

Theorgansofourbodyworksosmoothlythatwescarcelyknowwehavelungsandliver,heartandstomach.Butwhenanyofthesegetupsetandgiveuspainandsickness,welearnbybitterexperiencewhatanunspeakableblessingitistobewell,

（2）Itisthereforewiseandnecessarytolearnintime,beforewehavelostouthealth,thatitcanbekeptonlybyknowingandobservingthelawsofhealth.Nature'slawscannotbeignoredwithimpunity.Inthelongruntheywillavengethemselvesonusifweforgetthem,eveniftheydonotdosoatonce.Atfirstwemaynotfeeltheresultofexcessesandunhealthyhabits;butwecertainlyshallsomeday.（3）Manyamanwhoinmiddleagefindshimselfaconfirmedinvalidhastocursethefolliesofhisyouth:buthisremorseisvain,forNatureneverforgivesbreachesofthelawsofhealth.

（4）Lossofhealthmakesusmiserable,andaburdentoourselvesandourfriends.Itcripplesourefforts,sothatwecannotaccomplishmanyofthegoodandgreatthingswemighthavedone.Itspoilsourlife.Whatmustwedotokeepourhealth?

Wemustbemoderateineatinganddrinking,andwiseinthechoiceofplain,wholesomesimplefood.Gluttonyhaskilledthousands,andstrongdrinktensofthousands.（5）

Wemust,whenyoung,getplentyofsleep,whichis“nature'ssweetrestorer”(恢復(fù)劑),andnottrytobumthecandleatbothends.Wemustliveasmuchaspossibleintheopenairandkeepourroomswellventilated.Wemustgetsufficientandregularphysicalexercise;andkeepourbodiesclean.Andwemustavoidbadhabitsandsecretsinsasweavoidthedevil,andkeepourthoughtscleanandourbodiespure.Ouridealmustbethesecondmindinthesoundbody.

【答案】1.我們身體的各個(gè)器官運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)得如此平穩(wěn)以至于我們幾乎察覺(jué)不到我們有肺、肝、心臟和胃。但當(dāng)其中任何一個(gè)不舒服并給我們帶來(lái)疼痛和疾病的時(shí)候，痛苦的經(jīng)歷讓我們體會(huì)到一切都好的時(shí)候是多么的幸福。

2.因此，在我們沒(méi)有失去健康之前，懂得只有通過(guò)了解和遵守健康法則才能保持健康是明智的并且是有必要的。

3.很多人在中年發(fā)現(xiàn)自己渾身是病，于是詛咒他年輕時(shí)的愚行，但悔恨是徒勞的，因?yàn)榇笞匀挥肋h(yuǎn)不會(huì)寬恕對(duì)健康法則的破壞。

4.失去健康我們很悲慘，會(huì)給自己和朋友增加負(fù)擔(dān)。它會(huì)削弱我們的努力，使我們無(wú)法完成一些我們本該完成的很多美好的和偉大的事情。

5.在年輕的時(shí)候，我們一定要得到充足的睡眠，這是“自然的甜蜜恢復(fù)劑”，而不要不顧身體過(guò)度勞累。

5.單選題

Aseriesofrifleshotsdisturbedthe（

）ofthecampgrounds.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.solidarity

B.tranquility

C.equanimity

D.propinquity

【答案】B

【解析】solidarity團(tuán)結(jié)；tranquility寧?kù)o，平靜；equanimity鎮(zhèn)定；propinquity接近，鄰近。句意：一連串的步槍射擊打破了營(yíng)地的寧?kù)o。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

6.單選題

Thepresidentappearstohavebeen（

）whenhepromisedtotrytobalancethenationalbudget.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inearnest

B.inperson

C.inprivate

D.inreality

【答案】A

【解析】inearnest認(rèn)真地，誠(chéng)摯地；inperson親自地；inprivate秘密地，私下地；inreality實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上。句意：當(dāng)總統(tǒng)承諾努力平衡國(guó)家預(yù)算時(shí)，他似乎是認(rèn)真的。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

7.單選題

Sharkshavegainedanunfairreputationforbeingfiercepredatorsoflargeseaanimals.Humanity'sunfoundedfearandhatredoftheseancientcreaturesisleadingtoaworldwideslaughterthatmayresultintheextinctionofmanycoastalsharkspecies.Thesharkisthevictimofawarpedattitudeofwildlifeprotection;westriveonlytoprotectthebeautiful,non-threateningpartsofourenvironment.And,inoureffortstorestoreonlynon-threateningpartsofourearth,weignoreotherimportantparts.

Aperfectillustrationofthisattitudeisthecontrastingattitudetowardanotherlargeseaanimal,thedolphin.Duringthe1980s,environmentalistsintheUnitedStatesprotestedtheuseofdriftnetsoftunafishinginthePacificOceansincethesenetsalsocaughtdolphins.Theenvironmentalistsgeneratedenoughpoliticalandeconomicpressuretopreventtunacompaniesfrombuyingtunathathadbeencaughtindriftnets.Incontrasttothiseffortonbehalfofthedolphins,thesesameenvironmentalistshavedoneverylittletohelpsavethePacificOceansharkswhosepopulationhasdecreasednearlytothepointofextinction.Sharksareamongtheoldestcreaturesonearth,havingsurvivedintheseasformorethan350millionyears.Theyareextremelyefficientanimals,feedingonwoundedordyinganimals,thusthatspeciessuchastheGreatWhiteSharkhavemanagetoliveintheoceansforsomanymillionsofyearsisenoughproofoftheirefficiencyandadaptabilitychangingenvironments.Itistimeforushuman,whomaynotsurviveanother1,000yearsattheratewearedamagingtheplanet,tocastawayourfearsandbeginconsideringtheprotectionofsharksasanimportantpartofaprogramforprotectionofallournaturalenvironment.

1.Withwhichofthefollowingtopicsisthispassageprimarilyconcerned?

2.Howdidenvironmentalistsmanagetoprotectdolphins?

3.Abouthowlongsharkslivedontheplanet?

4.Whatistheauthor'stoneinthispassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sharksareefficientcreatureswithbadreputations.

B.Sharksaresomeoftheoldestcreaturesonearth.

C.Sharksillustrateaprobleminwildlifeprotection.

D.Thecampaigntosavedolphinswasnotextendedtosavesharks.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theypreventedfishermenfromsellingthemformeat.

B.Theypressuredfishermenintoprotectingdolphinsbylaw.

C.Theybroughtpoliticalpressureagainsttunacompanies.

D.Theycreatedsanctuarieswheredolphinfishingwasnotallowed.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.25millionyears

B.150millionyears

C.350millionyears

D.500millionyears

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.explanatory

B.accusatory

C.gentle

D.proud

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.orderofimportance

B.causeandeffect

C.statementandexample

D.chronologicalorder

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講我們只努力保護(hù)環(huán)境中美麗、無(wú)害的部分，而忽略了其他需要保護(hù)的東西，比如鯊魚(yú)，使得其瀕臨滅絕。由此可知，鯊魚(yú)說(shuō)明了野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)中的一個(gè)問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)C符合原文主旨。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的二三句“Duringthe1980s,...caughtindriftnets.”在20世紀(jì)80年代，美國(guó)的環(huán)保主義者抗議在太平洋使用漂網(wǎng)捕撈金槍魚(yú)，因?yàn)檫@些網(wǎng)也能捕獲海豚。環(huán)保主義者施加了足夠的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力，阻止金槍魚(yú)公司購(gòu)買(mǎi)被漂網(wǎng)捕獲的金槍魚(yú)。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段“Sharksareamongtheoldestcreaturesonearth,havingsurvivedintheseasformorethan350millionyears.”鯊魚(yú)是地球上最古老的生物之一，在海洋中生存了3.5億年以上。選項(xiàng)C與原文表述一致。

4.推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者是在譴責(zé)人們忽略了對(duì)鯊魚(yú)的保護(hù)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.推理判斷題。文章第一段首先提出人們忽略了對(duì)鯊魚(yú)的保護(hù)，第二段舉例來(lái)證明這個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)，所以本文的結(jié)構(gòu)是陳述加舉例，選項(xiàng)C正確。

8.單選題

Ifprofitandmoneyareyourfirst（

）,andcommitmenttopeopleyourleastconcern,youhavefailededucation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.potentiality

B.priority

C.superiority

D.responsibility

【答案】B

【解析】potentiality潛力，可能性；priority優(yōu)先權(quán)，優(yōu)先考慮的事；superiority優(yōu)越，優(yōu)勢(shì)；responsibility責(zé)任，職責(zé)，義務(wù)。句意：如果利潤(rùn)和金錢(qián)是你最優(yōu)先考慮的事，而對(duì)他人的承諾是你最不關(guān)心的，那么你的教育就是失敗的。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

9.單選題

Theuseofseatbeltsis（

）inmanycountriesintheworld;failuretowearthemmayresultinfines.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.covert

B.cruel

C.compulsory

D.constrained

【答案】C

【解析】covert隱藏的，隱秘的；cruel殘忍的，殘酷的；compulsory強(qiáng)制的，義務(wù)的；constrained不自然的，過(guò)于受約束的。句意：世界上許多國(guó)家對(duì)安全帶的使用是強(qiáng)制性的，不戴可能會(huì)被罰款。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

10.翻譯題

1.Librariesotherthanthoselistedaboverequireadditionalregistrationbeforeyoucanaccesstheircollections.

2.Inthepast,heusedtotellusofhisexpeditionsthroughthewoodsandfieldsroundhishome,andhowheexploredthesolitarybrooksandponds;andthenhedescribedthecuriousanimalsandbirdshesaw.

3.七月份中國(guó)消費(fèi)物價(jià)指數(shù)與去年同期比下降了0.9%,而六月份該指數(shù)下降了0.8%。

【答案】1.除了上面列舉的圖書(shū)館外，使用其他圖書(shū)館的藏書(shū)，你還需要另行注冊(cè)。

2.以前他時(shí)常對(duì)我說(shuō)關(guān)于他在他家周?chē)纳趾驮爸刑诫U(xiǎn)的事，以及他怎樣找到一些偏僻的溪流和池塘的情形，然后他會(huì)描述他所見(jiàn)到的珍禽異獸。

3.China'sconsumerpriceindexinJulydroppedby0.9percentcomparedwiththatofthesameperiodinlastyearandtheindexfell0.8%inJune.

11.單選題

Thereisnoreasontoinsultand（

）themansimplybecauseyoudonotagreewithhim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.depict

B.enervate

C.distort

D.defame

【答案】D

【解析】depict描述，描畫(huà)；enervate使衰弱，使失去活力；distort扭曲，變形；defame誹謗，中傷。句意：如果僅僅是因?yàn)槟悴煌馑挠^(guān)點(diǎn)，那么你沒(méi)有理由侮辱和詆毀他。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

12.單選題

（

）asonlyasecond-rateImpressionistpainter,Pisarrohasrecentlyreceivedhighpraisefromartcritics.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hewaslongregarded

B.Longwasheregarded

C.Longregarded

D.Beinglongregarded

【答案】C

【解析】考查分詞做狀語(yǔ)。再由這里事情的發(fā)生有先后順序知使用一般過(guò)去式的C項(xiàng)正確；D項(xiàng)的被動(dòng)式現(xiàn)在分詞表原因，所以不正確。句意：長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，Pisarro一直被認(rèn)為是二流印象派畫(huà)家，最近他受到了藝術(shù)評(píng)論家的高度贊揚(yáng)。

13.單選題

Wearenotsurethathewillbeableto（

）theshockofgoingbankrupt.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getover

B.putthrough

C.takeup

D.dependupon

【答案】A

【解析】getover克服，恢復(fù)，熬過(guò)；putthrough接通，完成，使經(jīng)受；takeup拿起，開(kāi)始從事；dependupon依賴(lài)，取決于。句意：我們不確定他能否從破產(chǎn)的打擊中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

14.單選題

Imaginationand（

）ofamanagerwillhelpmakethebusinessasuccess.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.simplicity

B.sophistication

C.innovation

D.condescension

【答案】C

【解析】simplicity樸素，簡(jiǎn)易，天真；sophistication復(fù)雜，老于世故；innovation創(chuàng)新，革新；condescension謙卑，屈尊。句意：經(jīng)理的想象力和創(chuàng)新將有助于商業(yè)的成功。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

15.單選題

Atfirst,theresultsoftheexperimentseemed（

）,butfinallyapatternemerged.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.haphazard

B.grave

C.genuine

D.gullible

【答案】B

【解析】haphazard偶然的，隨意的；grave嚴(yán)肅的，暗淡的；genuine真正的，誠(chéng)懇的；gullible易受騙的，輕信的。句意：起初，實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果似乎沒(méi)有起色，但最終出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)模式。選項(xiàng)B更符合語(yǔ)境。

16.單選題

Patentmedicinesalesmenhaveclaimedtohave（

）foralltypesofailments,fromcancertobaldnesstothecommoncold.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.riddles

B.quandaries

C.remedies

D.remnant

【答案】C

【解析】riddle謎語(yǔ)，謎一般的人、東西、事情等；quandary困惑，窘境，為難；remedy補(bǔ)救，治療；remnant剩余。句意：專(zhuān)利藥品的銷(xiāo)售人員聲稱(chēng)他們有治療各種疾病的方法，從癌癥到禿頂再到普通感冒。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

17.單選題

Ithankedherforherhospitalityandherkindnessindrivingmebacktomyhotel.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sweetness

B.hostility

C.friendliness

D.sincerity

【答案】D

【解析】句意：我感謝她的盛情款待，感謝她開(kāi)車(chē)送我回旅館。hospitality意為“好客，殷勤”。sweetness愉快，美妙；hostility敵意；friendliness友誼，親切；sincerity真實(shí)，誠(chéng)摯。選項(xiàng)D更符合原句所表達(dá)的語(yǔ)境，所以正確。

18.單選題

ThepopulationofSeattleisaconglomerateofpeoplefromdifferentethnicandculturalbackgrounds.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.acompany

B.afluctuation

C.anassortment

D.amatching

【答案】C

【解析】句意：西雅圖的人口是由來(lái)自不同種族和文化背景的人組成的群體。conglomerate意為聚結(jié)，凝聚成團(tuán)。acompany一家公司；afluctuation起伏，波動(dòng)；anassortment分類(lèi)，混合物；amatching匹配，一致。選項(xiàng)C與之意思最為相近。

19.單選題

Maryisfinegirleventhoughshe'ssometimesabruptinmanner.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.devious

B.brusque

C.shrew

D.irritable

【答案】B

【解析】句意：瑪麗是個(gè)好女孩，雖然她有時(shí)舉止粗魯。abrupt意為“生硬的，唐突的，粗魯?shù)?。Devious偏僻的，彎曲的；brusque唐突的，直率的，無(wú)禮的；shrew潑婦，悍婦；irritable急躁的，易怒的。選項(xiàng)B與之意思最為相近。

20.單選題

Onenevercanseethethinginitself,becausetheminddoesnot（

）phenomena.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transcend

B.superior

C.pass

D.advantage

【答案】A

【解析】transcend勝過(guò)，超越；superior上級(jí)的，優(yōu)秀的；pass經(jīng)過(guò)，傳遞；advantage有利于，使處于優(yōu)勢(shì)。句意：一個(gè)人永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法看到事物本身，因?yàn)樗枷霟o(wú)法超越現(xiàn)象。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

21.單選題

Waterproblemsinthefuturewillbecomemoreintenseandmorecomplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldeceasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplexchemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharenoxious.Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensified.Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.Fromthis,itisapparentthatdrasticstepsmustbetakenimmediatelytodevelopcorrectivemeasuresforthepollutionproblem.

Therearetwowaysbywhichthispollutionproblemcanbedwindled.Thefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastestodecreasetheirpollutionhazard.Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastes"priorto"disposalandthetreatmentofliquidwastes,oreffluents,topermitthereuseofthewaterorminimizepollutionuponfinaldisposal.

Asecondapproachistodevelopaneconomicuseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.Effluentsfromsewagedisposalplantsareusedinsomeareasbothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontained.Effluentsfromotherprocessingplantsmayalsobeusedasasupplementalsourceofwater.Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproducesintomarketablebyproducts.Otherindustriesareexploringpotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.

1.Thepurposeofthispassageis（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingpointsisNOTINCLUDEDinthepassage?

3.Thereadercanconcludethat

（

）.

4.Theauthorgivessubstancetothepassagethroughtheuseof

（

）.

5.Thewords"priorto"(Para.2)probablymean（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.toalertthereadertothedwindlingwatersupply

B.toexplainindustrialusesofwater

C.toacquaintthereaderwithwaterpollutionproblems

D.todemonstratevariousmeasurestosolvethepollutionproblem

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Industrialdevelopmentincludesthesimplificationofcomplexchemicalprocesses.

B.Dilutingwastesneedscertainamountofwater

C.Demandsforwaterwillgoupalongwiththeexpandingpopulation

D.Intensivecultivationoflandrequiresmoreandmorechemicals

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.countriesoftheworldwillworktogetheronpollutionproblems

B.byproductsfromwastesleadtoamoreprosperousmarketplace

C.scienceismakinggreatprogressonincreasingwatersupplies

D.someindustriesarenowaskingeconomicuseofwastes

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.interviewswithauthoritiesinthefieldofwatercontrols

B.opinionsandpersonalobservations

C.definitionswhichclarifyimportantterms

D.strongargumentsandpersuasions

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.after

B.during

C.before

D.beyond

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。原文第一段首先指出未來(lái)的水問(wèn)題將變得更加嚴(yán)重和復(fù)雜，尤其是污水問(wèn)題。接下來(lái)在二三段主要講解決污水問(wèn)題的方法。所以本文主要的目的是為了讓人們了解污水問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“..increasingdemandsforwaterwilldecreasesubstantiallytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.”可知選項(xiàng)B和C有涉及；根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.”可知選項(xiàng)D有涉及。只有選項(xiàng)A在文中沒(méi)有信息提及。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Otherindustriesareexploringpotentialeconomicusesforwasteproducts.”其他行業(yè)正在探索廢棄產(chǎn)物的潛在經(jīng)濟(jì)用途。選項(xiàng)D與原文表述一致。

4.判斷推理題。從全文來(lái)看，作者只是在表達(dá)個(gè)人的觀(guān)點(diǎn)以及陳述個(gè)人觀(guān)察的結(jié)果:介紹水污染及其解決辦法，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.詞匯題。根據(jù)句意可知，“theprocessingofsolidwastes”應(yīng)該是在“disposal”之前，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

22.單選題

The（

）ofthesemanyeventsledmanypeopletobelievethattheywereinterrelated.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concurrence

B.agreement

C.occurrence

D.circumstance

【答案】A

【解析】concurrence同時(shí)發(fā)生，贊同，合作；agreement協(xié)議，同意，一致；occurrence發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)；circumstance環(huán)境，情況，境遇。句意：許多這些事件同時(shí)發(fā)生使很多人相信它們之間是相互關(guān)聯(lián)的。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

23.單選題

Theuseofrobotsandautomatedmachineryhaseliminatedcertain（

）factoryjobs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thrilling

B.timid

C.enticing

D.tedious

【答案】D

【解析】thrilling激動(dòng)人心的；令人興奮的；timid膽小的，羞怯的；enticing有吸引力的，誘人的；tedious沉悶的，冗長(zhǎng)乏味的。句意：機(jī)器人和自動(dòng)化機(jī)器的使用消除了某些單調(diào)乏味的工廠(chǎng)工作。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

24.單選題

Malelionsremainalooffromtheday-to-dayactivitiesoftheirfamilies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.upwindof

B.exhaustedfrom

C.separatefrom

D.boredwith

【答案】C

【解析】alooffrom意為“遠(yuǎn)離”。upwindof逆風(fēng)地；exhaustedfrom筋疲力盡的；separatefrom分離；boredwith對(duì)……厭倦。選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近，符合原句語(yǔ)境。

25.單選題

EverySundayeveningthereisa（

）ofpeoplearoundthepavilionintheparksinceithasbecomearegularsiteforanEnglishcorner.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.congruence

B.congratulation

C.congress

D.congregation

【答案】D

【解析】congruence適合，一致；congratulation祝賀，賀辭；congress代表大會(huì)；congregation集會(huì)，集合。句意：自從這里成為英語(yǔ)角的固定場(chǎng)所后，每個(gè)星期天的晚上都會(huì)有很多人聚集在公園的亭子周?chē)＿x項(xiàng)D符合句意。

26.單選題

Isuggestedheshould（

）himselftohisnewconditions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adapt

B.adopt

C.regulate

D.suit

【答案】A

【解析】adapt使適應(yīng)，改編；adopt采取，接受；regulate調(diào)節(jié)，規(guī)定；suit合適，相稱(chēng)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里應(yīng)該是使自己適應(yīng)新環(huán)境，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

27.單選題

Thelawyerbrowbeatthewitnessintoconfessinghehadseenthecrimecommitted.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.talked

B.forced

C.caressed

D.intimidated

【答案】D

【解析】句意：律師恫嚇證人承認(rèn)他目睹了犯罪。browbeat意為恫嚇，嚇唬。只有選項(xiàng)D與之意思相近。

28.單選題

Hewasshockedtodiscoverthatthingsdraggedonwell（

）thetwoweekshehadanticipated.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.from

B.for

C.away

D.beyond

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)，事情拖長(zhǎng)得遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了他預(yù)期的兩個(gè)星期。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

29.單選題

IncolonialAmerica,peoplegenerallycoveredtheirbedswithdecorativequiltsresemblingthoseofthelandsfromwhichthequittershadcome.WealthyandsociallyprominentsettlersmadequiltsoftheEnglishtype,cutfromlargelengthsofclothofthesamecolorandtextureratherthanstitchedtogetherfromsmallerpieces.TheymadetheseuntiltheadventoftheRevolutionaryWarin1775,wheneverythingEnglishcametobefrownedupon.

Amongthewhole-clothquiltsmadebythesewealthysettlersduringtheearlyperiodarethosenowcalledlinsey-woolseys.Thistermwasusuallyappliedtoafabricofwoolandlinenusedinheavyclothingandquiltedpetticoatsworninthewintertime.Despitethename,linsey-woolseybedcoversdidnotoftencontainlinen.Rather,theyweremadeofatoplayerofwoolenorglazedworstedwoolfabric,consistingofsmooth,compactyarnfromlongwoolfiberdyeddarkblue,green,orbrownwithabottomlayerofacoarserwoolenmaterial,eithernaturalorashadeofyellow.Thefillingwasasoftlayerofwoolwhichhadbeencleanedandseparatedandthethreelayerswereheldtogetherwithdecorativestitchingdonewithhomespunlinenthread.Later,cottonthreadwasusedforthispurpose.Thedesignofthestitchingwasoftenasimpleonecomposedofinterlockingcirclesorcrosseddiagonallinesgivingadiamondpattern.

Thistypeofheavy,warm,quiltedbedcoverwassolargethatithungtothefloor.Thecomersarecutoutatthefootofthecoversothatthequiltfitsnuglyaroundthetallfour-poster,bedsofthe1700s,whichdifferedfromthoseoftodayinthattheywereshorterandwider;theywereshortbecausepeoplesleptinasemi-sittingpositionwithmanybolstersorpillows,andwide,becauseeachbedoftensleptthreeormore.Thelinsey-woolseycoveringwasfoundinthecolderregionsofthecountrybecauseofthewarmthitafforded.Therewasnocentralheatingandmostbedroomsdidnothavefireplaces.

1.Whatdoesthispassagemainlydiscuss?

2.TheauthormentionstheRevolutionaryWarasatimeperiodwhen（

）.

3.Thequiltsdescribedinthesecondandthirdparagraphsweremadeprimarilyof（

）.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphthatthesleepinghabitsofmostAmericanshavechangedsincethe1700sinallthefollowingwaysEXCEPT

（

）.

5.WhichofthefollowingwasmostlikelytobefoundinabedroominthecolderareasoftheAmericancolonies?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theprocessingofwool

B.Linsey-woolseybedcovers

C.SleepinghabitsofcolonialAmericans

D.QuiltsmadeinEngland

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.quiltsweresuppliedtothearmy

B.moreimmigrantsarrivedfromEngland

C.quiltsimportedfromEnglandbecamehardertofind

D.people'sattitudestowardEnglandchanged

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.wool

B.linen

C.cotton

D.amixtureoffabrics

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thepositioninwhichpeoplesleep

B.thenumbersofbolstersorpillowspeoplesleepon

C.thelengthoftimepeoplesleep

D.thenumberofpeoplewhosleepinonebed

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Alinsey-woolsey

B.Aventfromacentralhealingsystem

C.Afireplace

D.Awoodstove

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，原文第一段首先介紹了什么是被褥，接下來(lái)的段落則是具體介紹其中的一種——Linsey-woolsey。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“TheymadetheseuntiltheadventoftheRevolutionaryWarin1775,wheneverythingEnglishcametobefrownedupon.”直到1775年革命戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)，人們對(duì)來(lái)自英國(guó)的一切都不贊成。也就是說(shuō)，人們對(duì)英國(guó)的態(tài)度改變了。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Despitethename,linsey-woolseybedcoversdidnotoftencontainlinen.Rather,theyweremadeofatoplayerofwoolenorglazedworstedwoolfabric...”盡管有這個(gè)名字，linsey-woolsey床單通常并不包含亞麻。相反，它們是由一層羊毛或光滑的精紡毛織物制成的……由此可知，其主要成分是羊毛，選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“theywereshortbecausepeoplesleptinasemi-sittingpositionwithmanybolstersorpillows,andwide,becauseeachbedoftensleptthreeormore.”它們短是因?yàn)槿藗円园胱淖藙?shì)睡覺(jué)，有許多支撐物或枕頭；寬是因?yàn)槊繌埓餐ǔＫ齻€(gè)人或更多。由此可知，選項(xiàng)A，B，D均有提及，只有選項(xiàng)C不正確。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Thelinsey-woolseycoveringwasfoundinthecolderregionsofthecountrybecauseofthewarmthitafforded.”由于它所提供的溫暖，人們?cè)谠搰?guó)較冷的地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種類(lèi)似羊毛的覆蓋物。所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

30.單選題

Itisverystrange,butIhadan（

）thattheplanewouldcrash.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspiration

B.intuition

C.imagination

D.incentive

【答案】B

【解析】inspiration靈感，鼓舞；intuition直覺(jué)；imagination想象力；incentive動(dòng)機(jī)，刺激。句意：雖然很奇怪，但我有一種飛機(jī)會(huì)墜毀的直覺(jué)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

31.單選題

Itisgenerallybelievedthatpeoplewholiveinsmalltownsoftenseemmorefriendlythanthoselivingin（

）populatedareas.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.densely

B.intensely

C.abundantly

D.highly

【答案】A

【解析】densely濃密地，密集地；intensely強(qiáng)烈地，緊張地，熱情地；abundantly豐富地，大量地；highly高度地；非常。句意：人們普遍認(rèn)為住在小城鎮(zhèn)的人似乎比住在人口稠密地區(qū)的人更友好。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

32.單選題

Indescribingthegrandeurandsublimityofthiscountry,theHaitian(海地人)maywellenoughtoadoptthepoeticdescriptionoftheirownproudcountry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.serenity

B.splendor

C.elegant

D.sight

【答案】B

【解析】句意：在描述這個(gè)國(guó)家的偉大和莊嚴(yán)時(shí)，海地人很樂(lè)意接受對(duì)他們引以為豪的祖國(guó)這樣詩(shī)意的描述。sublimity意為“莊嚴(yán)，崇高”。serenity平靜，寧?kù)o；splendor壯麗，顯赫；elegant優(yōu)美的，講究的；sight視力，見(jiàn)解。選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近。

33.單選題

Letmestandinwithyouifit'sveryexpensive.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bargainforyou

B.borrowmoneyforyou

C.sharethecostwithyou

D.standonyourside

【答案】C

【解析】standinwith意為與……聯(lián)合，同……分擔(dān)。bargainforyou討價(jià)還價(jià)；borrowmoneyforyou借錢(qián)；sharethecostwithyou一起承擔(dān)；standonyourside站在你這邊。選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近。

34.單選題

Toolmakersmusthavetheabilitytoworkvery（

）inordertomeetexactspecifications.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.plausibly

B.profoundly

C.precisely

D.primarily

【答案】C

【解析】plausibly似真地；profoundly深刻地，極度地；precisely精確地，恰好；primarily主要地，根本上。句意：工具制造者必須能非常精確地工作，以滿(mǎn)足準(zhǔn)確的規(guī)格要求。根據(jù)下文可知，選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

35.單選題

Diamondshavelittle（

）valueandtheirpricedependsalmostentirelyontheirscarcity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.extinct

B.permanent

C.surplus

D.intrinsic

【答案】D

【解析】extinct滅絕的，絕種的；permanent永久的，不變的；surplus剩余的，過(guò)剩的；intrinsic本質(zhì)的，固有的。句意：鉆石本身沒(méi)有什么價(jià)值，它們的價(jià)格幾乎完全取決于它們的稀缺性。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

36.單選題

Clothesplayacriticalpartintheconclusionswereachbyprovidingcluestowhopeopleare,whotheyarenot,andwhotheywouldliketobe.Theytellusasagooddealaboutthewearer'sbackground,personality,status,moodandsocialoutlook.

Sinceclothesaresuchanimportantsourceofsocialinformation,wecanusethemtomanipulatepeople'simpressionofus.Ourappearanceassumesparticularsignificanceintheinitialphasesofinteractionthatislikelytooccur.Anelderlymiddle-classmanorwomanmaybealienatedbyayoungadultwhoisdressedinanunconventionalmaimer,regardlessoftheperson'seducation,background,orinterests.

Peopletendtoagreeonwhatcertaintypesofclothesmean.Adolescentgirlscaneasilyagreeonthelifestylesofgirlswhowearcertainoutfits,includingthenumberofboyfriendstheylikelyhavehadandwhethertheysmokeordrink.

Newscasters,ortheannouncerswhoreadthenewsonTV,areconsideredtobemoreconvincing,honest,andcompetentwhentheyaredressedconservatively.Andcollegestudentswhoviewthemselvesastakinganactiveroleintheirinterpersonalrelationshipssaytheyareconcernedaboutthecostumestheymustweartoplaytheserolessuccessfully.Moreover,manyofuscanrelateinstancesinwhichtheclothingweworechangedthewaywefeltaboutourselvesandhowweacted.

Perhapsyouhaveusedclothingtogainconfidencewhenyouanticipatedastressfulsituation,suchasajobinterview,oracourtappearance.

Intheworkplace,menhavelonghadwell-definedprecedentsandrolemodelsforachievingsuccess.Ithasbeenotherwiseforwomen.Agoodmanywomeninthebusinessworldareuncertainabouttheappropriatemixtureof“masculine”and“feminine”attributestheyshouldconveybytheirprofessionalclothing.Thevarietyofclothingalternativestowomenhasalsobeengreaterthanthatavailableformen.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thewaywedress（

）.

2.Fromthethirdparagraphofthepassage,wecanconcludethatyoungadultstendtobelievethatcertaintypesofclothingcan

（

）.

3.Theword"precedent"(Line1,Para.6)probablyrefersto

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,manycareerwomenfindthemselvesindifficultsituationsbecause

（

）.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.providescluesforpeoplewhoarecriticalofus

B.indicatesourlikesanddislikesinchoosingacareer

C.hasadirectinfluenceonthewaypeopleregardus

D.isofparticularimportancewhenwegetoninage

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.changepeople'sconservativeattitudestowardstheirlifestyles

B.helpyoungpeoplemakefriendswiththeoppositesex

C.makethemcompetitiveinthejobmarket

D.helpthemachievesuccessintheirinterpersonalrelationships

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.earlyactsformentofollowasexamples

B.particularplacesformentooccupyespeciallybecauseoftheirimportance

C.thingsthatmenshouldagreeupon

D.men'sbeliefsthateverythingintheworldhasalreadybeendecided

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thevarietyoftheprofessionalclothingistoowideforthemtochoose

B.womenaregenerallythoughttobeonlygoodatbeingfashionmodels

C.Menaremorefavorablyjudgedformanagerialpositions

D.theyarenotsuretowhatextenttheyshoulddisplaytheirfemininequalitiesthroughclothing

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Dressingforeffect

B.Howtodressappropriately

C.Managerialpositionsandclothing

D.Dressingfortheoccasion

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容，著裝通過(guò)提供線(xiàn)索讓我們得出一個(gè)人是怎樣的人，不是怎樣的人以及想成為怎樣的人的結(jié)論上起到了至關(guān)重要的作用。它們能很好地告訴我們穿著者的背景、性格、地位、心情和社會(huì)前景。也就是說(shuō)，穿著對(duì)人們看待我們的方式有直接影響，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，青春期女孩很容易就能認(rèn)同那些穿某種服裝的女孩的生活方式，包括她們可能有多少男朋友，她們是否抽煙或喝酒。也就是說(shuō)，年輕人傾向于相信某些類(lèi)型的衣服可以幫助他們?cè)谌穗H關(guān)系中取得成功。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

3.詞匯題。根據(jù)句意可知，“precedents”應(yīng)該和“rolemodels”意思相近，所以選項(xiàng)A“男性追隨的榜樣的早期行為”符合原文所表述的意思。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Agoodmanywomeninthebusinessworldareuncertainabouttheappropriatemixtureof“masculine”and