2022年考研考博-考博英語-河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號20

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thisisthehouse______lastyearwhenIwasinthiscity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aboutthatIwrotetoyou

B.thatIwrotetoyou

C.aboutwhichIwrotetoyou

D.whichIwrotetoyou

【答案】C

【解析】考查后置定語從句。句子主干是thisisthehouse，橫線和lastyear部分是修飾house的定語從句，根據(jù)短語writeaboutsth.得出about放在先行詞前，定語從句中，介詞后面用which不用that，所以C選項(xiàng)aboutwhichIwrotetoyou符合題意。句意：這就是我去年在這個(gè)城市時(shí)寫信告訴你的那所房子。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Hisfamilyhadalmostforgotten______like.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.howhisfacewas

B.whichwashisface

C.whathisfacewas

D.thathisfacewas

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：他的家人幾乎已經(jīng)忘記了他長的什么樣子。根據(jù)句型itislike…，得出C選項(xiàng)whathisfacewas符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.翻譯題

除了干旱時(shí)期，人們從不把水看成是寶貴的自然資源。誠然，水不是世界上的稀有之物。地球表面百分之七十被水覆蓋。在有可靠供水系統(tǒng)的城區(qū)，很少有人感到缺水。因?yàn)槲覀兿氘?dāng)然地以為水與空氣一樣不值錢，什么地方都有。然而部分因?yàn)槿丝谠黾?，部分因?yàn)榭膳碌睦速M(fèi)，在當(dāng)今世界的許多地方，供水已成為一大挑戰(zhàn)。它已經(jīng)是一個(gè)不可置之不理的嚴(yán)重問題。

【答案】Inadditiontothedryperiod,peoplehaveneverregardedwaterasavaluablenaturalresource.Itistruethatwaterisnotararethingintheworld.Seventypercentoftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredbywater.Inthecitywithreliablewatersupplysystem,fewpeoplefeelwatershortage.Wetakeitforgrantedthatwaterisnomorevaluablethanairandcanfindwatereverywhere.However,partlybecauseoftheincreaseinpopulation,andpartlybecauseoftheterriblewaste,watersupplyhasbecomeabigchallengeinmanypartsoftheworld.Thisisaseriousproblemthatcannotbeignored.

4.單選題

They______theboatupontotheshore.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hauled

B.handed

C.held

D.heightened

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他們把船________岸。A選項(xiàng)hauled“（用力）拖，拉”；B選項(xiàng)handed“遞交；攙扶”；C選項(xiàng)held“抓住”；D選項(xiàng)heightened“提高；增加”。根據(jù)語境，這里是指他們把船拖到岸上，所以A選項(xiàng)hauled“（用力）拖；拉”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.翻譯題

Thecarrot-and-sticktheoryofmotivation(likeNewtonianphysicaltheory)worksreasonablywellundercertaincircumstances.1.Themeansforsatisfyingman’sphysiologicaland(withinlimits),hissafetyneedscanbeprovidedorwithheldbymanagement.Employmentitselfissuchameansandsoarewages,workingconditionsandbenefits.Bythesemeanstheindividualcanbecontrolledsolongasheisstrugglingforsubsistence.

Butthecarrot-and-sticktheorydoesnotworkatalloncemanhasreachedanadequatesubsistencelevelandismotivatedprimarilybyhigherneeds.Managementcannotprovideamanwithself-respectorwiththerespectofhisfellows,orwiththesatisfactionofneedsforself-fulillment.2.Itcancreatesuchconditionsthatheisencouragedandenabledtoseeksuchsatisfactionsforhimself,oritcanthwarthimbyfailingtocreatethoseconditions.

Butthiscreationofconditionsisnot“control”.Itisnotagooddevicefordirectingbehavior.

Andsomanagementfindsitselfinanoddposition.Thehighstandardoflivingcreatedbyourmoderntechnologicalknow-howprovidesquiteadequatelyforthesatisfactionofphysiologicalandsafelyneeds.Theonlysignificantexceptioniswheremanagementpracticeshavenotcreatedconfidenceina“fairbreak”andthuswheresafetyneedsarethwarted.3.Butbymakingpossible

thesatisfactionoflow-levelneeds,managementhasdepriveditselfoftheabilitytouseasmotivatorsthedevicesonwhichconventionaltheoryhastaughtittorely-rewards,promises,incentives,orthreatsandothercoercivedevices.

4.Thephilosophyofmanagementbydirectionandcontrol—regardlessofwhetheritishardorsoft—isinadequatetomotivatebecausethehumanneedsonwhichthisapproachreliesaretodayunimportantmotivatorsofbehavior.Directionandcontrolareessentiallyuselessinmotivatingpeoplewhoseimportantneedsaresocialandegoistic.Boththehardandthesoftapproachfailtodaybecausetheyaresimplyirrelevanttothesituation.5.People,deprivedofopportunitiestosatisfyatworktheneedswhicharenowimportanttothem,behaveexactlyaswerightpredictwithindolence,passivity,resistancetochange,lackofresponsibility,willingnesstofollowthedemagogue,unreasonabledemandsforeconomicbenefits.Itwouldseemthatwearecaughtinawebofourownweaving.

【答案】1.【參考譯文】這是滿足人的生理和（在一定限度內(nèi)）安全需要的手段，可以由管理部門提供，也可以不提供。就業(yè)本身就是一種手段，工資、工作條件和福利也是如此。通過這些手段，只要一個(gè)人在為生存而掙扎，他就可以被控制。

2.【參考譯文】它可以創(chuàng)造這樣的條件，鼓勵(lì)并使他能夠?yàn)樽约簩で筮@樣的滿足，也可以通過不創(chuàng)造這些條件來阻撓他。

3.【參考譯文】但是，通過滿足低層需求，管理者喪失了使用激勵(lì)器的能力，而傳統(tǒng)理論已將其作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)、承諾、激勵(lì)或威脅以及其他強(qiáng)制性手段所依賴的手段。

4.【參考譯文】不管是硬還是軟，通過方向和控制進(jìn)行管理的哲學(xué)都無法激發(fā)人們的積極性，因?yàn)槿缃襁@種方法所依賴的人類需求已不再是行為的重要推動(dòng)者。

5.【參考譯文】人們被剝奪了在工作中滿足現(xiàn)在對他們來說很重要的需求的機(jī)會(huì)，他們表現(xiàn)得恰如我們所預(yù)料的那樣，表現(xiàn)為懶惰、消極、抵制變革、缺乏責(zé)任感、樂于追隨煽動(dòng)者、對經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的不合理要求。

6.單選題

Wecanhardlyavoidmakinganymistakesinourwork____hardwetry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whatever

B.how

C.nomatter

D.however

【答案】D

【解析】考查狀語從句。此句為讓步狀語從句，根據(jù)后面的副詞hard可以判斷，答案只能從B和D選擇，D項(xiàng)however=nomatterhow，根據(jù)句意：無論我們多么努力，在工作中都會(huì)不可避免地犯錯(cuò)誤，因此D更合適。

7.單選題

OilisNigeria’s______export.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.elite

B.majority

C.spice

D.staple

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)elite“社會(huì)精英”；B選項(xiàng)majority“大部分；大多數(shù)”；C選項(xiàng)spice“（調(diào)味）香料；額外的趣味（或刺激等）”；D選項(xiàng)staple“（某國的）主要產(chǎn)品；主要部分”。句意：石油是尼日利亞出口的______。根據(jù)語境，D選項(xiàng)staple“（某國的）主要產(chǎn)品”搭配export“出口”比較合理，意思是石油是主要的出口產(chǎn)品。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Motherwarned______theelectriclamp.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nottotouch

B.himnottotouch

C.himnottouching

D.himnottouch

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞用法。句意：媽媽告誡他不要碰電燈。告誡某人不要做某事用warnsb.nottodosth.，所以B選項(xiàng)himnottotouch符合題意，故正確。其余選項(xiàng)語法錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

HesuddenlysawSue__theroom.Hepushedhisway____thecrowdofpeopletogettoher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.across,across

B.over,through

C.over,into

D.across,through

【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞的用法。across表示從物體表面穿過，一般指穿過馬路，街道等沒有遮掩的地方；through表示從空間內(nèi)部穿過，一般指穿過森林等有遮掩的地方；over表示從上面越過；into表示進(jìn)入。句意：他突然看見Sue走到了房間那邊，他擠過人群向她走過去。

根據(jù)題意，只有D項(xiàng)符合。

10.單選題

Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions

_____

theyaredifferentfromyourown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.until

B.evenif

C.unless

D.asthough

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)“直到”；B項(xiàng)“盡管”；C項(xiàng)“除非”；D項(xiàng)“似乎”；句意：允許孩子有發(fā)言的空間，盡管他們的意見和你自己的有所不同。因此選B。

11.翻譯題

要想在這個(gè)高速發(fā)展的社會(huì)立足，你必須學(xué)會(huì)如何處理壓力問題。首先，你要重新定位你的生活需求，你真的需要那些如時(shí)裝或者新車的奢侈品嗎？如果你學(xué)會(huì)了對現(xiàn)有的生活滿足，你也許就不會(huì)想要再找份工作或者不會(huì)在辦公室度過周末。其次，定期鍛煉身體有益于減壓。不管你多忙，都要找時(shí)間鍛煉，最好是和家人和孩子一起。第三，你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)放松。如果你停下去聞聞路邊的玫瑰花香，世界不會(huì)因此而停止轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。

【答案】Youhavetolearnhowtodealwithstressforpossessingafootholdinasocietywithrapiddevelopment.Firstly,youshouldreadjustdemandforlife.Doyoureallyneedluxurygoodssuchasfashionabledressandnewcar?Ifyoulearntobesatisfiedwithcurrentlife,maybeyoudonotwanttogetanotherjoborspendyourweekendsintheoffice.Next,regularexerciseisbeneficialtorelaxingthepressure.Nomatterhowbusyyouare,youshouldtaketimetoexercise,preferablywithyourfamilyandchildren.Thirdly,youshouldlearntorelax.Ifyoustopyoursteptoenjoythesmellofrosesbythesideoftheroad,theworldwon’tstopturning.

12.翻譯題

一天中我最喜歡的是最后那段時(shí)刻——至少是醒著的最后那段時(shí)刻。我再三努力不讓眨動(dòng)的眼皮合上，不讓書本掉落在胸前，這時(shí)候我知道真的該入睡了。我深情地把書放在身邊的床上。我們一起入睡——我和我的書，我和書中的人物，我和交雜的夢境，都一起入睡。

躺在床上看書似乎成了家傳。上一次母親幫我照看孩子時(shí)，我回到家里發(fā)現(xiàn)整幢房子一片漆黑，只有兩處微弱的燈光。一處在我兒子的房間，我看到八歲的兒子拿著一本書，打著電筒躲在被窩里看書。房子的那頭，母親拿著書已經(jīng)打起盹來。

【答案】Oneofmyfavoritemomentsofthedayisamongthelast—thelastconsciousone,anyway.Afterseveralattemptsatkeepingmyeyelidsfromflutteringclosedandthebookfromcollapsingontomychest,Iknowitreallyistimetogotosleep.Iaffectionatelyplacethebookonthebedbesideme.Wesleeptogether,meandmybook,meandthosecharacters,meandmymixed-updreams.Readinginbedseemstoruninfamilies.Thelasttimemymotherbabysatforme,gothometofindthehousedarkexceptfortwosmalllights.Onecamefrommyson’sroom,whereIdiscoveredtheeight-year-oldholedupunderthecoverswithGoosebumpsandaflashlight.Attheotherendofthehouse,mymotherhadalreadydozedoffwithherbook.

13.單選題

Shewantedtojointhegroupofmen______wastoexplorethemysteriesofthemountains.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theirwork

B.whowork

C.who

D.whosework

【答案】D

【解析】考查后置定語從句。句意：她想加入從事探索山脈奧秘工作的那群人。句子主干是Shewantedtojointhegroupofmen，后面的從句修飾橫線前面的men，并且橫線部分作從句主語，工作和人是從屬關(guān)系，所以D選項(xiàng)whosework符合題意。其余選項(xiàng)語法錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

14.翻譯題

1.ManyAmericansharboragrosslydistortedandexaggeratedviewofmostoftheriskssurroundingfood.

2.Researcherswhoareunfamiliarwiththeculturalandethnicgroupstheyarestudyingmusttakeextraprecautionstoshedanybiasestheybringwiththemfromtheirownculture.

3.TheMBA,a20th-centuryproduct,alwayshasbornethemarkoflowlycommerceandgreedonthetree-linedcampusesruledbypurerdisciplinessuchasphilosophyandliterature.

4.OurculturehascausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegesturesweuseareunderstoodbyeveryone.

5.Ourlinguistic(語言上的)andculturalblindnessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenoticeofthedevelopedtastes,gestures,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld.

【答案】1.很多美國人持有嚴(yán)重扭曲且夸張的觀點(diǎn)，即大多數(shù)食物都存在安全問題。

2.研究者如果不熟悉所研究的文化和族群，那就要特別注意，不要附加來自其自身文化的任何偏見。

3.MBA誕生于20世紀(jì)，在綠樹成蔭的大學(xué)校園里，純學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)科如哲學(xué)和文學(xué)占主導(dǎo)地位，而MBA往往標(biāo)志著低俗的商業(yè)銅臭和貪婪。

4.我們的文化讓大多數(shù)美國人不僅認(rèn)為我們的語言通用，而且我們所使用的手勢也人人可以理解。

5.我們對語言和文化所知甚少，也不在意其他國家已經(jīng)形成的愛好、肢體語言、風(fēng)俗和語言，這正使我們失去全球性的朋友，錯(cuò)過商機(jī)，喪失威信。

15.單選題

Thequestion______tomorrowiswhetherincometaxshouldbeincreased.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobedebated

B.todebate

C.debated

D.thatitwillbedebated

【答案】A

【解析】考查后置定語。句意：明天要討論的問題是是否應(yīng)該提高所得稅。根據(jù)question被debate確定用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不定式表目的可以用作定語成分，A選項(xiàng)tobedebated正確。D選項(xiàng)thatitwillbedebated中it作從句主語多余。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Informerrevolutionarybaseareas,thepoverty-strickenpeoplecannotaffordtolivein______conditions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gracious

B.decent

C.honorable

D.positive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)gracious“寬厚的；仁慈的”；B選項(xiàng)decent“像樣的；相當(dāng)好的”；C選項(xiàng)honorable“可敬的；保護(hù)聲譽(yù)的；體面的”；D選項(xiàng)positive“積極的”。句意：在舊的革命根據(jù)地，貧困群眾不能擁有______的生活條件。根據(jù)語境，B選項(xiàng)decent“像樣的；相當(dāng)好的”搭配conditions“條件”比較合理，意思指生活條件優(yōu)越。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

FromherconversationI______thatshehadalargefamily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.estimated

B.suspected

C.predicted

D.deduced

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)estimated“（對數(shù)量、成本等的）估計(jì)”；B選項(xiàng)suspected“懷疑；覺得（尤指壞事可能屬實(shí)或發(fā)生）”；C選項(xiàng)predicted“預(yù)言”；D選項(xiàng)deduced“推斷”。句意：從和她的談話中我______她有一個(gè)大家庭。根據(jù)語境，通過談話得出她有一個(gè)大家庭，談話中得出信息和事實(shí)，deduced“推斷”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Thefathercan’tevendisciplinehimself,______agoodexampletohischildren.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchmoretoset

B.muchlesssetting

C.muchlesstoset

D.stillmoresetting

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)muchmore“更加；多得多”，后面接形容詞；B選項(xiàng)muchlessdoing“更不用說”，后面可跟名詞、代詞和從句；C選項(xiàng)muchlesstodo非固定搭配；D選項(xiàng)stillmore“更加”。句意：這位父親甚至不能約束自己，______給他的孩子做個(gè)好榜樣了。根據(jù)語境，這里指不能約束自己，就更加不能做個(gè)好榜樣了，B選項(xiàng)muchlessdoing“更不用說”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Justinwasalwaysprepared.Hismottowas“Neverthrowanythingout:youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy”.Hisbedroomwassofullofflatbicycletires,benttennisrackets.Deflatedbasketballs,andgameswithmissingpiecesthatyoucouldbarelygetinthedoor.Hisparentspleadedwithhimtocleanouthisroom.

“Whatuseisafishtankwithaholeinthebottom?”hisfatherasked.ButJustinsimplysmiledandrepeatedhismotto,“Neverthrowanythingout,youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy.”

WhenJustinwasawayfromhome,healwayscarriedhisbluebackpack.Helikedtothinkofitasasmallerversionofhisbedroom-aplacetostorethemanyobjectsthathecollected.Itwassowornandstretchedthatithardlyresembledabackpackanymore.Itwasfullofthekindofthingsthatseemedunimportant,butwhenusedwithalittleimagination,mightcomeinhandy.

Justinhadearnedareputationforfiguringthingsoutandgettingpeopleoutofotherwisehopelesssituations.Manyofhisclassmatesandneighborssoughthimoutwhentheyneededhelpwithaproblem.Onthefirstdayofschool,hisfriendKenny,camelookingforJustin.

“Doyouthinkyouhavesomethinginyourbagthatcouldhelpmeremembermylockercombination?”heasked.“Ilostthescrapofpaperitwaswrittenon.IhavescienceclassintwominutesandifI’mlateonthefirstdayit’llmakemelookbadfortherestoftheyear.”Kennylookedgenuinelyworried.

“Relax”,Justinsaid,takinghisbackpackoffandunzippingthetop.“Rememberhowyouborrowedmynotebookinhomeroomtowritethecombinationdown?Well.Iknowhowwecanrecoverwhatyouwrote.”

Hetookthenotebookandasoftleadpenciloutofhisbag.ThepagethatKennyhadwrittenonhadleftfaintindentationsonanotherpageinthenotebook.Justinheldthepencilonitssideandrubbeditlightlyovertheindentations.Slowlybutsurelythenumbersofthelockercombinationappearedinwhite,setoffbythegraypencilrubbings.

“That’samazing!”Kennysaid.“Ioweyouone.”Andhedashedofftoopenhislocker.

1.WhyisJustin’sroomsuchamess?

2.Theword“pleaded”inParagraph1canbestbereplaceby

（

）.

3.InwhatwayisJustin’sbackpackasmallerversionofhisbedroom?

4.HowdoesJustinhelphisfriends?

5.HowcomeJustincouldhelpKennyrecoverhislockercombination?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Healwaysforgetstoclean.

B.Heneverthrowsanythingaway.

C.Hehasnotimetoclean.

D.Hesharesaroomwithhisbrother.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ignored

B.asked

C.pushed

D.begged

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Heusesitasaplacetostoreobjects.

B.Heusesittocarryhisbooksandsportsequipment.

C.Hisparentstellhimtocleanitallthetime.

D.He’shadforaslongashecanremember.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Heoffersthemadvices.

B.Heloansthemhisbackpack.

C.Helistenstotheirproblem.

D.Heusedtheobjectsinhisbackpack.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.JustinrememberedKenny’slockercombination.

B.KennyhadleftthescrapofpaperinJustin’sbackpack.

C.KennyhadleftindentationsofthecombinationonJustin’snotebook.

D.Justinfoundthescrapofpaperthelockercombinationwaswrittenon.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。問：為什么Justin的房間很亂，定位到文章第一段第二句Hismottowas“Neverthrowanythingout,youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy”.Hisbedroomwassofullof…（他的座右銘是“永遠(yuǎn)不要扔掉任何東西，你永遠(yuǎn)不知道它什么時(shí)候會(huì)派上用場”。他的臥室里滿是……）可知原因是B“他從不扔掉任何東西”。A項(xiàng)“他總是忘記打掃”，C項(xiàng)“沒有時(shí)間打掃”，D項(xiàng)“他和他弟弟共享一個(gè)房間”，文中均未體現(xiàn)。

2.語義推測題。plead“懇求，乞求”；只有D項(xiàng)“懇求，乞求”與之意思相同，此外根據(jù)文章第一段所講內(nèi)容，可以知道他的父母是懇求他清理房間，所以此處的pleaded可以用begged代替。A項(xiàng)“忽視”；B項(xiàng)“詢問；請求”；C項(xiàng)“推”均不符合。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問題：Justin的背包以何種方式被看作是房間的縮小版。定位到文章第三段第二句Helikedtothinkofitasasmallerversionofhisbedroom-aplacetostorethemanyobjectsthathecollected.（他喜歡把它想象成臥室的縮小版——一個(gè)存放他收集的許多物品的地方）可知答案為A“他把它當(dāng)作存放物品的地方”。B項(xiàng)“他用它來裝書和運(yùn)動(dòng)器材”，文章未提及；C項(xiàng)“他父母叫他一直打掃”和D項(xiàng)“從他記事起他就一直帶著這個(gè)”，均不符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。問題：Justin是怎樣幫助他的朋友的。定位到文章第七段第一句“Hetookthenotebookandasoftleadpenciloutofhisbag…”（他從包里拿出筆記本和一支軟鉛筆……）可知他是用他包里的一些東西來幫助他的朋友，因此D“他用了包里的東西”為正確答案。A項(xiàng)“他給了建議”和B項(xiàng)“他把他的包借給了他們”，文中并未提及；C項(xiàng)“他傾聽了他們的問題”，文中他不僅僅傾聽了他們的問題，而且用行動(dòng)幫助了他們，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段最后三句ThepagethatKennyhadwrittenonhadleftfaintindentationsonanotherpageinthenotebook…Slowlybutsurelythenumbersofthelockercombinationappearedinwhite…（Kenny寫的那一頁在筆記本的另一頁上留下了模糊的凹痕……儲(chǔ)物柜組合的數(shù)字慢慢地但肯定地以白色出現(xiàn)）可知答案為C“肯尼在賈斯汀的筆記本上留下了這個(gè)組合的凹痕”。A項(xiàng)“賈斯汀記得肯尼的儲(chǔ)物柜密碼組合”，B項(xiàng)“肯尼把紙片留在了賈斯汀的背包里”，D項(xiàng)“賈斯汀找到了寫著儲(chǔ)物柜密碼的紙片”，均不符合文意。

20.單選題

Here______youwanttosee.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comesthegirl

B.comedoesthegirl

C.thegirlcomes

D.comingthegirlis

【答案】A

【解析】考查倒裝句。句意：你想見的女孩來了。here位于句首時(shí)，其后用完全倒裝形式，倒裝句中的謂語動(dòng)詞come和go不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，所以A選項(xiàng)comesthegirl符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Wecan______withalotofunhappinessbyuncoveringanddiscardingthebeliefsthatfuelit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dispose

B.dispense

C.dismiss

D.dispute

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語從句。A選項(xiàng)dispose“處理；安排”，不與with連用；B選項(xiàng)dispense“分配；分發(fā)”，dispensewithsth.“免除；省掉某物”；C選項(xiàng)dismiss“不予考慮；去除”，dismisswith“用……去除”；D選項(xiàng)dispute“爭論”disputewith“與……辯論”。句意：我們可以通過揭露和拋棄加劇不快樂的信仰來______很多不快樂。根據(jù)語境，這里指去除不快樂的感受，所以B選項(xiàng)dispensewithsth.“免除；省掉某物”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

22.翻譯題

Almostallourmajorproblemsinvolvehumanbehavior,andtheycannotbesolvedbyphysicalandbiologicaltechnologyalone.Whatisneededisatechnologyofbehavior,butwehavebeenslowtodevelopthesciencefromwhichsuchatechnologymightbedrawn.(1)Onedifficultyisthatalmostallofwhatiscalledbehavioralsciencecontinuestotracebehaviortostatesofmind,feelings,traitsofcharacter,human,nature,andsoon.Physicsandbiologyoncefollowedsimilarpracticesandadvancedonlywhentheydiscardedthem.(2)Thebehavioralscienceshavebeenslowtochangepartlybecausetheexplanatoryitemsoftenseemtobedirectlyobservedandpartlybecauseotherkindsofexplanationshavebeenhardtofind.Theenvironmentisobviouslyimportant,butitsrolehasremainedobscure.Itdoesnotpushorpull,itselects,andthisfunctionisdifficulttodiscoverandanalyze.(3)Theroleofnaturalselectioninevolutionwasformulatedonlyalittlemorethanahundredyearsago,andtheselectiveroleoftheenvironmentinshapingandmaintainingthebehavioroftheindividualisonlybeginningtoberecognizedandstudied.Astheinteractionbetweenorganismandenvironmenthascometobeunderstood,however,effectsonceassignedtostatesofmind,feelings,andtraitsarebeginningtobetracedtoaccessibleconditions,andatechnologyofbehaviormaythereforebecomeavailable.Itwillnotsolveourproblems,however,untilitreplacestraditionalpre-scientificviews,andthesearestronglyentrenched.Freedomanddignityillustratethedifficulty.(4)Theyarethepossessionsoftheautonomous(self-governing)manoftraditionaltheory,andthey’reessentialtopracticesinwhichapersonisheldresponsibleforhisconductandgivencreditforhisachievements.Ascientificanalysisshiftsboththeresponsibilityandtheachievementtotheenvironment.Italsoraisesquestionsconcerningvalues.Whowilluseatechnologyandtowhatends?(5)Untiltheseissuesareresolved,atechnologyofbehaviorwillcontinuetoberejected,andwithitpossiblytheonlywaytosolveourproblems.

【答案】1．難題在于所謂的行為科學(xué)幾乎全都依然從心態(tài)、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去尋找行為的根源。

2．行為科學(xué)之所以發(fā)展緩慢，部分原因是用來解釋行為的依據(jù)似乎往往是直接觀察到的，部分原因是其他的解釋方式一直難以找到。

3．自然選擇在進(jìn)化中的作用僅在一百多年前才得以闡明，而環(huán)境在塑造和保持個(gè)體行為時(shí)的選擇作用則剛剛開始被認(rèn)識和研究。

4．自由和尊嚴(yán)（它們）是傳統(tǒng)理論定義的自主的人所擁有的，是要求一個(gè)人對自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)并因其業(yè)績而給予肯定的必不可少的前提。

5．（如果）這些問題得不到解決，研究行為的技術(shù)手段就會(huì)繼續(xù)受到排斥，解決問題的唯一方式可能也隨之繼續(xù)受到排斥。

23.單選題

Foxesandfarmershavenevergotonwell.Thesesmalldog-likeanimalshavelongbeenaccusedofkillingfarmanimals.Theyareofficiallyclassifiedasharmfulandfarmerstrytokeeptheirnumbersdownbyshootingorpoisoningthem.

Farmerscanalsocallontheservicesoftheirlocalhunttocontrolthefoxpopulation.Huntingconsistsofpursuingafoxacrossthecountryside,withagroupofspeciallytraineddogs,followedbymenandwomenridinghorses.Whenthedogseventuallycatchthefoxtheykillitorahuntershootsit.

Peoplewhotakepartinhuntingthinkofitasasport;theywearaspecialuniformofredcoatsandwhitetrousers,andfollowstrictcodesofbehavior.Butowningahorseandhuntingregularlyisexpensive,somosthuntersarewealthy.

Itisestimatedthatupto100,000peoplewatchortakepartinfoxhunting.Butoverthelastcoupleofdecadesthenumberofpeopleopposedtofoxhunting,becausetheythinkitisbrutal(殘酷的),hasrisensharply.Nowadaysitisrareforahunttopassoffwithoutsomekindofconfrontation(沖突)betweenhuntersandhuntsaboteurs(阻攔者).Sometimestheseincidentsleadtoviolence,butmostlysaboteursinterferewiththehuntbymisleadingridersanddisturbingthetrailofthefox’ssmell,whichthedogsfollow.

Noisyconfrontationsbetweenhuntersandsaboteurshavebecomesocommonthattheyarealmostasmuchapartofhuntingasthepursuitoffoxesitself.Butthisyearsupportersoffoxhuntingfaceamuchbiggerthreattotheirsport.ALabourPartyMemberoftheParliament,MikeFoster,istryingtogetParliamenttoapproveanewlawwhichwillmakethehuntingofwildanimalswithdogsillegal.Ifthelawispassed,wildanimalslikefoxeswillbeprotectedunderthebaninBritain.

1.RichpeopleinBritainhavebeenhuntingfoxes____________.

2.WhatisspecialaboutfoxhuntinginBritain?

3.Foxhuntingopponentsofteninterfereinthegame____________.

4.AnewlawmaybepassedbytheBritishParliamentto____________.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.forrecreationC.tolimitthefoxpopulation

B.C.tolimitthefoxpopulationB.

C.tolimitthefoxpopulationB.intheinterestsofthefarmers

D.toshowofftheirwealth

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itinvolvestheuseofadeadlypoison.

B.Itisacostlyeventwhichrarelyoccurs.

C.Thehuntershavesetrulestofollow.

D.Thehuntershavetogothroughstricttraining.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.byresortingtoviolence

B.byconfusingthefoxhunters

C.bytakinglegalaction

D.bydemonstratingonthescene

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.prohibitfarmersfromhuntingfoxes

B.forbidhuntingfoxeswithdogs

C.stophuntingwildanimalsinthecountryside

D.preventlarge—scalefoxhunting

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.killingfoxeswithpoisonisillegal

B.limitingthefoxpopulationisunnecessary

C.huntingfoxeswithdogsisconsideredcruelandviolent

D.fox-huntingoftenleadstoconfrontationbetweenthepoorandtherich

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Peoplewhotakepartinhuntingthinkofitasasport（參加打獵的人認(rèn)為它是一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)）和最后一句somosthuntersarewealthy（所以大多數(shù)獵人都很富有），可知在英國夫人獵狐是為了消遣，所以A選項(xiàng)“為了消遣”正確，D選項(xiàng)“炫耀他們的財(cái)富”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)檗r(nóng)民的利益”：文章沒有提到富人和農(nóng)民在獵狐方面的關(guān)系。C選項(xiàng)“限制狐貍數(shù)量”：根據(jù)第二段第一句Farmerscanalsocallontheservicesoftheirlocalhunttocontrolthefoxpopulation.（農(nóng)民也可以要求當(dāng)?shù)蒯鳙C服務(wù)來控制狐貍的數(shù)量。），可知限制狐貍數(shù)量不是富人獵狐的目的，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句Ifthelawispassed,wildanimalslikefoxeswillbeprotectedunderthebaninBritain.（如果法律通過，像狐貍這樣的野生動(dòng)物將受到英國禁令的保護(hù)）和第二句Butthisyearsupportersoffoxhuntingfaceamuchbiggerthreattotheirsport.（但今年，獵狐運(yùn)動(dòng)的支持者面臨著更大的威脅），可知在英國，法律正在討論獵狐運(yùn)動(dòng)的問題，對應(yīng)C選項(xiàng)“獵人設(shè)定了要遵守的規(guī)則”這一選項(xiàng)，故正確。A選項(xiàng)“使用致命的毒藥”：根據(jù)第一段最后一句farmers…shootingorpoisoningthem（農(nóng)民們射殺或毒害它們），可知這是在各地的普遍的現(xiàn)象，不是英國特有，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“這花費(fèi)高昂，很少發(fā)生”：文章提到獵戶運(yùn)動(dòng)花費(fèi)高昂，但沒有說很少舉辦，另外農(nóng)民獵狐花費(fèi)不高，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“獵人必須經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練”：這是普遍現(xiàn)象，不止在英國，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語義推測題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句Sometimestheseincidentsleadtoviolence,butmostlysaboteursinterferewiththehuntbymisleadingridersanddisturbingthetrailofthefox’ssmell,whichthedogsfollow.（有時(shí)這些獵狐行為引發(fā)暴力行為，但大多數(shù)對手會(huì)誤導(dǎo)獵手，擾亂狗對狐貍氣味的追蹤，從而干擾狩獵。），獵手的對手通過誤導(dǎo)獵手來干預(yù)比賽，所以B選項(xiàng)“迷惑獵狐者”正確。A選項(xiàng)“依靠暴力”：暴行是干預(yù)以后可能導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。C選項(xiàng)“起訴”：通過法律途徑看要不要繼續(xù)獵狐運(yùn)動(dòng)不能在賽場干預(yù)對手，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)場演示”：文章沒有提及，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段第三句ALabourPartyMemberoftheParliament,MikeFoster,istryingtogetParliamenttoapproveanewlawwhichwillmakethehuntingofwildanimalswithdogsillegal.（議會(huì)工黨成員邁克?福斯特正試圖使議會(huì)通過一項(xiàng)新法律，該法律將規(guī)定用狗捕獵野生動(dòng)物為非法行為。），可知C選項(xiàng)“在鄉(xiāng)下停止捕獵野生動(dòng)物”正確。A選項(xiàng)“禁止農(nóng)民獵狐”，B選項(xiàng)“禁止用狗獵狐”和D選項(xiàng)“禁止大規(guī)模獵狐”在這里沒有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.語義推測題。A選項(xiàng)“用毒藥殺死狐貍是違法的”：根據(jù)第五段第三句istryingtogetParliamenttoapproveanewlawwhichwillmakethehuntingofwildanimalswithdogsillegal（正試圖使議會(huì)通過一項(xiàng)新法律，該法律將規(guī)定用狗捕獵野生動(dòng)物為非法行為），文章提到禁止用狗捕獵野生動(dòng)物的法律有可能通過，沒有說毒死狐貍違法，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“不必限制狐貍的數(shù)量”：根據(jù)第一段最后一句farmerstrytokeeptheirnumbersdownbyshootingorpoisoningthem（農(nóng)民們試圖通過射殺或毒害它們來減少它們的數(shù)量），農(nóng)民捕殺狐貍以減少狐貍數(shù)量，沒有提到不必要這樣做，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“用狗打獵狐貍被認(rèn)為是殘忍和暴力的”：根據(jù)第四段第二句opposedtofoxhunting,becausetheythinkitisbrutal（許多人反對獵狐，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這很殘酷），獵狐是用狗獵狐，所以正確。D選項(xiàng)“獵狐經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致窮人和富人之間的對抗”：在文章沒有提到。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

24.單選題

Therobberwasbroughttothejudge,______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hishandswerefasttied

B.hishandstobefasttied

C.hishandshavingbeenfasttied

D.hishandsfasttied

【答案】D

【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：搶劫犯被帶到法官面前，雙手被綁得緊緊的。根據(jù)雙手被綁確定用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，結(jié)合動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，所以D選項(xiàng)hishandsfasttied正確。A選項(xiàng)hishandswerefasttied是完整的句子，語法錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)hishandstobefasttied表示動(dòng)作未發(fā)生，語法錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)hishandshavingbeenfasttied表示動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生，語法錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

Ataboutthesametime,doctorsbegantounderstand______together.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichwentdirtanddisease

B.whatwentdirtanddisease

C.thatdirtanddiseasewent

D.thatdiddirtanddiseasego

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：大約在同一時(shí)間，醫(yī)生們開始明白污垢和疾病相伴而生。本從句成分完整，不需要用先行詞作從句成分，故先行詞用that，從句時(shí)態(tài)和主句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，故用過去式，所以C選項(xiàng)thatdirtanddiseasewent符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

26.單選題

Thestorywassaidto______ontheinformationfromareliablesource.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingbased

B.havebeenbased

C.base

D.bebased

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。句意：據(jù)說這篇報(bào)道所依據(jù)的消息來源可靠。根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞was確定事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生，根據(jù)bebasedon確定保留be動(dòng)詞，確定用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。結(jié)合besaidto加完語態(tài)被動(dòng)式表示動(dòng)作已發(fā)生并且是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，所以B選項(xiàng)havebeenbased正確。

27.單選題

______humanbehaviormaybecausedbyeatingsubstancesthatupsetthedelicatechemicalbalanceinthebrain.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Deliberate

B.Consistent

C.Abnormal

D.Primitive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Deliberate“故意的；從容的”；B選項(xiàng)Consistent“一致的；堅(jiān)持的”；C選項(xiàng)Abnormal“反常的”；D選項(xiàng)Primitive“原始的；簡單的”。句意：______的人類行為可能是由于食用了破壞大腦中微妙的化學(xué)物質(zhì)平衡的物質(zhì)而引起的。根據(jù)語境，大腦化學(xué)物質(zhì)失衡會(huì)導(dǎo)致人和平時(shí)不同，Abnormal“反常的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

28.單選題

______abombontheroad,thecarwasstopped.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Havingseen

B.Thedriverseeing

C.Seeing

D.Afterseeing

【答案】B

【解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：司機(jī)看到炸彈之后，把車停了下來。根據(jù)句子主語是car，結(jié)合獨(dú)立主格部分有動(dòng)詞see，確定前面一部分有driver，根據(jù)司機(jī)看是主動(dòng)，確定用主動(dòng)形式，所以B選項(xiàng)Thedriverseeing符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

29.單選題

Itiswellknownlanguagebelongstoeveryone,tothedustman______totheprofessor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asmuchas

B.asfaras

C.thesameas

D.aslongas

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)asmuchas“差不多，盡……那樣多”；B選項(xiàng)asfaras“就……而言，至于”；C選項(xiàng)thesameas“與……一樣”；D選項(xiàng)aslongas“只要；和……一樣長”。句意：眾所周知，語言是屬于每個(gè)人的，______清潔工和教授。根據(jù)語境，這里是指語言對于清潔工和教授一樣，C選項(xiàng)thesameas“與……一樣”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

30.單選題

Wemustimprovethefarmingmethod______wemaygethighyields.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.as.

C.inorderthat

D.if

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)therefore“所以”，副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞，后面不接句子；B選項(xiàng)as“因?yàn)椤?，連詞，后面加句子；C選項(xiàng)inorderthat“為了；以便”，后面加從句；D選項(xiàng)if“如果”，連詞，后面加句子。句意：______獲得高產(chǎn)量，我們必須改進(jìn)耕作方法。根據(jù)語境，這里提高產(chǎn)量是目的，C選項(xiàng)inorderthat“為了；以便”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

31.單選題

Historically,humansgetseriousaboutavoidingdisastersonlyafteronehasjuststruckthem.（1）thatlogic.2006shouldhavebeenabreakthroughyearforrationalbehavior.Withthememoryof9/11still（2）intheirminds.AmericanswatchedhurricaneKatrina,themostexpensivedisaster

InU.S.history,on.（3）TV.Anyonewhodidn’tknowitbeforeshouldhavelearnedthatbadthingscanhappen.Andtheyaremade（4）worsebyourwillfulblindnesstoriskasmuchasour（5）toworktogetherbeforeeverythinggoestohell.

Granted,someamountofdelusion(錯(cuò)覺)isprobablypartofthe（6）condition.InA.D.63Pompeiiwasseriouslydamagedbyanearthquakeandthelocalsimmediatelywenttowork（7）inthesamespot-untiltheywereburiedaltogetherbyavolcanoeruption16yearslater.Buta（8）ofthepastyearindisasterhistorysuggeststhatmodernAmericansareparticularlybadat（9）themselvesfromguaranteedthreats.Weknowmorethanwe（10）didaboutthedangersweface.Butitturnsoutthatintimesofcrisis,ourgreatestenemyisrarelythestorm,thequakeorthesurgeitself.Moreoftenitisourselves.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.To

B.By

C.On

D.For

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.fresh

B.obvious

C.apparent

D.evident

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.visual

B.vivid

C.live

D.lively

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.little

B.less

C.more

D.much

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.reluctance

B.rejection

C.denial

D.decline

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.natural

B.social

C.world

D.human

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.revising

B.refining

C.rebuilding