動(dòng)名詞講解及練習(xí)

動(dòng)名詞講解及練習(xí)動(dòng)名詞講解及練習(xí)動(dòng)名詞講解及練習(xí)V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考動(dòng)名詞講解及練習(xí)日期：20xx年X月動(dòng)名詞講解及練習(xí)作者：來(lái)源：發(fā)布時(shí)間：2009年12月16日動(dòng)名詞是非限定動(dòng)詞的一種形式，由動(dòng)詞原形+ing構(gòu)成。它既有動(dòng)詞的特征，又有名詞的特征，故稱。動(dòng)名詞也有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化，如表所示（以及物動(dòng)詞write為例），不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。時(shí)態(tài)/語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般式writingbeingwritten完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)1）作主語(yǔ)。例如：FightingbrokeoutbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.南方與北方開(kāi)戰(zhàn)了。2）作賓語(yǔ)a.有些動(dòng)詞可以用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。例如：admit承認(rèn)appreciate感激avoid避免complete完成consider認(rèn)為delay耽誤deny否認(rèn)detest討厭endure忍受enjoy喜歡escape逃脫fancy想象finish完成imagine想象mind介意miss想念postpone推遲practice訓(xùn)練recall回憶resent討厭resume繼續(xù)resist抵抗risk冒險(xiǎn)suggest建議face面對(duì)include包括stand忍受understand理解forgive寬恕keep繼續(xù)例如：Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittle,please你把收音機(jī)音量調(diào)小一點(diǎn)，好嗎Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedbeingcaught.這松鼠幸運(yùn)得很，剛逃避了被逮住的厄運(yùn)。b.有些結(jié)構(gòu)后面可以用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)或其他成分。例如：admittoprefer…tobeusedtoleadtodevoteoneselftoobjecttosticktonogoodnousebefondoflookforwardtobeproudofbebusycan\'thelpbetiredofbecapableofbeafraidofthinkofburstoutkeeponinsistoncountonsetaboutputoffbegoodattakeupgiveupbesuccessfulin3）作表語(yǔ)，對(duì)主語(yǔ)說(shuō)明、解釋。例如：Herjobiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.她的工作是洗刷、清掃和照顧孩子。比較：Sheiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.4）作定語(yǔ)，一般表示所修飾名詞事物的用途。例如：awritingdesk=adeskforwriting寫字臺(tái)aswimmingpool=apoolswimming游泳池有些動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)，與所修飾的名詞關(guān)系比較復(fù)雜。例如：boilingpoint=atemperaturepointatwhichsomethingbeginstoboil沸點(diǎn)awalkingtractor=atractorwhichadrivercanoperatewhileheorsheiswalkingbehindit手扶拖拉機(jī)worth的用法worth,worthy,worthwhile都是形容詞，意為\"值得\"。1.worth：beworth+n.當(dāng)名詞為金錢時(shí)，表示\"……值得……\"常見(jiàn)的有It’sworthwhiletodo./It’sworth（someone’s）whiledoingbeworthdoingsth.\"……某事值得被做\"Thequestionisnotworthdiscussingagainandagain.這問(wèn)題不值得反復(fù)討論。2.worthy：beworthyof+n.當(dāng)名詞為抽象名詞時(shí)表示\"……值得……\"beworthytobedone\"某事值得被做\"Thequestionisnotworthytobediscussedagainandagain.3.worthwhile：beworthwhiletodosth\"值得做某事\"Itisworthwhiletoaskhimtojointheclub.值得邀請(qǐng)他加入俱樂(lè)部。典型例題Itisnot____todiscussthequestionagainandagain.A.worthB.worthyC.worthwhileD.worthwhile答案C.由worth的用法可知，此句只適合詞組beworthwhiletodosth.。選C。動(dòng)名詞不定式、分詞練習(xí)was______worklastweek,butIchangedmymind.a.tostartb.tohavestartedc.tobestartingd.tohavebeenstartingintended______thematterwithyou,butIhadsomeguestshen.a.discussb.discussingc.havingdiscussedd.tohavediscussed’tletmecatchyou______.a.dothatagainb.todothatagainc.doingthatagaind.donethatagainaremanykindsofmetals______.hasitsspecialpropertiesb.onehasitsspecialpropertiesb.eachhavingitsspecialpropertiesd.havingitsspecialproperties’spay-day,andthey’rewaiting______.a.forpayingb.tobepaidc.tobepayingd.tohavepaidtrouble,I’mgoingtoforgetthewholeaffair.a.Thenrathercauseb.Rathercausingc.Ratherthancaused.Ratherthancaused7.Thebrillianceofhissatireswas______makeevenhisvictimslaugh.a.soastob.suchastoc.sothatd.suchthatwithparentswhoseguidanceisfirm,consistent,andrationalareinclined______highlevelsofself-confidence.a.possessb.havepossessedc.topossessd.possessingworkeris______inrepairingthemachinetonoticemycoming.a.toobusyb.enoughbusyc.busytood.busyenough10.“Whatdidyoudointhegarden”“Iwatchedmyfather______hismotorbike.”a.torepairb.repairedc.repairingd.repairsmusthaveanengineer______theworkersbuildthehouse.a.toseeb.seec.seeingd.seenmeans______ingtod.came’mnotgoingtoasktheteacherwhyhegavemethatgrade;Iintend_______.a.toletrestthematterb.themattertobeletrestingc.lettingthemattertorestd.toletthematterresthavetried_______worryingaboutit.a.tostopconsciouslyb.toconsciouslystopc.toconsciousstoppingd.tostoppingconsciously15.“Doyouwanttogiveatalkonthatsubject”“Iprefer______.”a.notwantb.notwantingc.tonotgivingd.notto_______thetruthofyourremarks,althoughtheygoagainstmyinterests.a.cannotbutadmitb.cannothelpbuttoadmitc.cannotbutadmittingd.cannothelpbutadmittingsheisangry,we______.a.hadbetterleavingheraloneb.shouldleaveheralonec.mightaswellleaveheraloned.hadratherleaveheralonedon’tallow______inmyofficeandIdon’tallowmyfamily______atall.a.tosmoke…smokingb.smoking…tosmokec.tosmoke…tosmoked.smoking…smokingshouldremember______fromthepointwhenyouarewritingacomposition.a.don’twanderb.nottowanderc.nowanderingd.notwanderadvisedustowithdraw______.a.soastogetnotinvolvedb.soasnottogetinvolvedc.sothattogetnotinvolvedd.asnottogetinvolvedranallthewayuptothestation______thatthetrainhadleftfifteenminutesbefore.a.inordertofindb.soastofindc.onlytofindd.suchastofindwenthuntingforaweekbutstillhedidn’tfindaroom______.a.toliveb.toliveinc.forlivingd.tobelivinginshouldreallyavoid______athomealoneasheisoldandill.a.yourfatherstayb.yourfathertostayc.yourfather’sstayingd.yourfatherwhostaysdidn’twanttorisk______wetashehadonlyonesuit.a.gettingb.togetc.beinggotd.tobegotten’mdisappointedwiththenewofficerselectedinourclub,butthereisnopoint_______aboutit.a.toworryb.inworryingc.withusworryingd.ifweworrywon’tbeanyuse______toborrowanymoremoney.a.youtotryb.ofyourtryingc.tryingyoud.yourtryinglawrequiresallcars_______forsafetyandefficiency.a.beingtestedregularlyb.toberegularlytestedc.beregularlytestedd.regularlytestedremember______tothezoobymyfatherwhenIwaslittle.a.beingtakenb.takingc.havebeentakend.tohavetakencompletelyforgot______thefrontdoorlastnightandfeelfortunatethatnothingisstolen.a.lockingb.beinglockedc.tolockd.tohavelockedregret______rmingb.beinginformedc.tobeinformedd.toinformdidn’tmean______anything,buttheseappleslookedsogoodIcouldn’tresist______one.a.toeat…tryingb.toeat…otryingc.eating…totryd.eating…totryingknowitisn’timportantbutIcan’thelp______aboutit.a.buttothinkb.thinkingc.thinkd.tothinkship,______toashapelesswreck,washardlyrecognizable.a.beingreducedb.reducingc.reducedd.havingbeenreducingyoungdoctorcouldnotsleepatnight,histhoughts______himnopeace.a.gaveb.givingc.beinggivend.togivealongwalkonahotday,onefeels______.a.exhaustiveb.exhaustingc.exhaustd.exhaustedrelativesofhisare______.Idon’twanttohaveanydealingswiththem.a.boringpeopleb.boredpeoplec.peoplehavingboredd.peoplehavingboringmustfollowthedirectionsexactlyandifyoubecome______,youmusttakethetimetogobackagainandrereadthem.a.toconfuseb.confusingc.confused.confusedissomethingwrongwithmyTVset,Imusthaveit______.a.checkingb.checkc.tocheckd.checkedwasjustabouttojumpupwhenhefeltsomething______nearhisfeet.a.tomoveb.movec.movingd.movedwiththecorrespondingperiodoflastyear,theoutputofchemicalfibersinthefirstquarterroseby15%.a.Comparingb.Tocomparec.Comparedd.Compare41.“Wastherallysuccessful’“No,becausethenumberof______wassmallerthanwehadexpected.”a.peoplewhoattendb.attendedpeoplec.peopleattendingd.attendanceofpeopleDickhasalreadyarrive.Doyouexpect______toseehima.Goingb.goc.togod.thatyougotheelectricrefrigeratorDicktakesacartonofcream,anotheroffreshmilkandacanof______orangejuice.b.frozec.freezingd.freezedfeltbadfor______achancetostudyabroad.a.havingnotgivenb.nothavinggivenc.havingnotbeengivend.nothavingbeengivensomecountriestherearealreadyanumberoffirms______computerprogramming.a.specializeinb.specializedinc.specializingind.specializesinyoungmanwhosawthecar______intotherivertelephonedthepolicestation.a.plungeb.plungedc.wasplungingd.toplungeshewasshopping,shekept______thelisttomakesureshehadn’tforgottenanything.a.checkedb.checkingc.tocheckd.check’dbetter______.a.tohaveyourshoesmendedb.tohavemendedyourshoesc.haveyourshoesmendedd.havingyourshoesmendedmachinesaremade______atfullspeed.a.workb.workingc.toworkd.tobeworkediscertainthatmenwillneverstop______newenergysourcestopowertheirgrowingindustry.a.findingb.tofindc.havingfoundd.foundisreallyquiteextraordinarythatweshouldhavebeenatthesamecollegewithout______before.a.metb.beingmetc.havingmetd.havingbeenmetSmithissaid______anotherimportantdiscoveryinchemistry.a.havingmadeb.havingbeenmadec.tohavemaded.tomakethesun’slight______theearth’ssurface,itwouldbesocoldthatlifecouldnotexistontheearth.a.warmsb.warmedc.warmingd.towarmrocketwillweighabout200tonswhen______.pletedcompletingd.havebeencompletedareplans______anumberofatomicpowerstationinthisregions.a.tobuildb.tobebuiltc.buildingd.beingbuiltofusarelookingforwardto______atriptotheMingTombs.a.makeb.makingc.tomakingd.havemadecan’tunderstand______adecisionuntilitistoolate.a.himtopostponetomakeb.hispostponingtomakec.himtopostponingmakingd.hispostponingmakingwouldlike______thatIdon’thaveaveryhighopinionofyou.a.tohaveyouknowb.haveyouknowc.tohaveyourknownd.havingyouknowhadintended______himwhilehewaslivingatAberdeen.a.visitingb.visitc.tohavevisitedd.havingvisitedyouconsiderbetter_______a.notdoingitagainb.notdoitagainc.nothavingdoneitagaind.nottodoitagainfamousscientistwaseasy_______alongwith.a.togetb.forgettingc.gettingd.gotstudentswillhavemorediscussionslikethisintheweeks______.ed.tobecomingfeltlonelyatfirst,butafteratimehegot______aloneandevengot______it.a.usedtoliving…tolikeb.usedtolive…tolikec.usingtolive…likingd.tobeusedtoliving…likingmasterraisedhisvoicesothatthecouldmakehimself______bythepupilsinthebackofthehall.a.hearb.heardc.hearingd.tobeheardheawoke,hefoundhimself______inthehospitaland______byanoldwoman.a.lying…beinglookedafterb.lying…belookingafterc.lie…belookedafterd.lie…beinglookedafterfromthehill-topthelakesceneryisbeyonddescription.a.Toseeb.Seeingc.Seend.Havingseeninthestrangeforest,thepoorgirlsfellto______.a.Lost…cryingb.Lost…cryc.Tolost…cryd.Havingbeenlost…crying’llhaveyou______ifyoudon’tpayyourtaxes.a.tobearrestedb.arrestc.arrestedd.beingarrestedflights______becauseofthestorm,theydecidedtotakethetrain.a.havingcancelledb.werecancelledc.havebeencancelledd.havingbeencancelleditwasverylatewhenJohnbegandoingthejob,hemanagedwithhisfriend’sassistance,______beforethebuildingwaslocked.a.tobefinishedb.beingfinishedc.finishingd.tofinishtheearnesteffortsofvariousprivategroupsaswellasgovernmentagencies,manyoftheproblemshavenotyetbeensolved,andmuchremainsto______.a.havebeendoneb.bedonec.havedoned.dothatbadweatherwasontheway,theclimbersdecidedtoputofftheirattemptonEigeruntilthefollowingweek.a.Havingtoldb.Beingtoldc.Tellingd.HavingbeentoldoftheGovernmentitselfacknowledgemanyoftheirpredictions_______wildlyover-optimistic.a.tobeb.beingc.tohavebeend.havingbeenmatchwascancelledbecausemostofthemembers______amatchwithoutastandardcourt.a.objectedtohavingb.objectedtohavec.wereobjectedtohaved.wereobjectedtohavingteacherdoesn’tpermit______inclass.a.smokeb.smokingc.tosmoked.tohavesmokelikewatchingTV______tothecinema.a.morethantogob.morethangoingc.thangoingd.ratherthantogomanagerpromisedtokeepme______rming.Brownissupposed______forItalylastweek.a.tohaveleftb.toleavec.tobeleavingd.tohavebeenleftwenttoworkquietly,______toworkashardasshecould.a.hermindbeingmadeupb.withhermindmadeupc.withhermindmakingupd.hemindmakingupandwifewithacommondutytothecountrywillfindthemselves______closertogether.a.beendrawnb.drawnc.todrawd.drawingwefoundlittlesnow,asmostofitseemed______blownoffthemountain.a.tohavebeenb.thatitwasc.tobed.thatithadbeenhalfwaythroughtheexercise,theteacherchangedhismindandcollectedallourpapers.a.Whenonlybeingb.Whenwewereonlyc.Beingonlyd.Havingbeenpassengersarereadingthemorningpaper,othersaretalkingwithoneanother,______nervouslyforthetrain.a.towaitb.arewaitingc.waitingd.beingwaited’sonethingIdislikeabouthim:hewillneveradmit______amistake.a.havingmadeb.makingc.beingmaded.havebeenmadespenthalfayear______materialforhisnewbook.a.tocollectb.collectc.collectingd.collected’snouse______menottoworry.a.youtellb.yourtellingc.foryoutohavetoldd.havingtoldchairmaninsiststhattherebeameeting_______withintheshortestpossibletime.a.toholdb.tobeheldc.tohavebeenheldd.tobeholdingthefamouspianistwasachild,hewasaccustomed______forseveralhoursaday.a.topracticingb.topracticec.tobepracticingd.tohavepracticed.Chinahundredsofdifferentdialectsarespoken;peopleofsomevillages______themselvesunderstoodbytheinhabitantsofthenexttown.a.makingtroublehaveb.havemakingtroublec.havetroublemakingd.troublemakinghave’sawonderfulplaceforanyone______inarchitecture,erestedfeatureworth______istheroleofinformationthroughoutafeedbackcontrolsystem..a.noticedb.noticingc.beingnoticedd.noticebelieve______verylargelyduetomistakenviewsoftheworld.a.thisunhappinessareb.tobethisunhappinessc.thisbeunhappinessd.thisunhappinesstobetheymet,Leonardsandhisenemywerefighting______.a.killedeachotherb.tokilleachotherc.killingeachotherd.tobekilledeachothertheinventionofaero-planes,______intheskylikeabirdwasonlyadream.a.menflyb.toflyc.forflyingd.manflyslasttheysucceeded______thejob.a.topersuadehimtotakeb.inpersuadinghimtotakec.topersuadehimtakingd.inpersuadinghimtakingthatitdoesis______theplaceofahousewife.a.takesb.takingc.taked.beingtakenlistenedtome______whatMr.Smithhadsaidthedaybefore.a.torepeatb.toberepeatedc.torepeatingd.repeatcoulddolittleexcept______.a.writingb.writec.writtend.towriteelectricshaver______beforeitcanbeused.a.needsrepairingb.requirestorepairbeinrepaird.hastoberepairable100.______aproblemrequiringmultiplicationordivision,thecomputersolvesitbyaddingorsubtracting.a.Givingb.Havinggivenc.Beinggivend.Given101.YoucanflytoLondonthisevening______youdon’tmindchangingplanesinPvidedb.exceptc.unlessd.sofaras102.Studentsfromthesouthprefer_______.a.eatricethanbreadb.eatingricethanbreadc.eatingricetoeatingbreadd.eatingricetoeatbread103.Wouldyoube______tohelpmewithmyluggagea.enoughkindb.kindenoughc.tookindd.kindtoo104.Thefatheradvise______thesecond-handcar.a.hissontonotbuyb.hissonnottobuyc.hisson’snobuyingd.thathissonnottobuy105.“Doyouintendtocomewithus”“Yes,______.”a.Iintendsob.Iintendthatc.Iintendtod.Iintend106.Ittakesawholeyearfortheearth______s107.Thefactory______nextyearwillbeoneofthelargestinthiscity.a.tobuildb.tobebuiltc.beingbuiltd.havingbeenbuilt108.Withtheguide______theway,wesetoffonfootintothedarknight.a.leadingb.ledc.leadsd.tolead109.Theygotthework______beforetherainyseasonsetin.a.todob.donec.doingd.did110.Thingsareknown______whentheyunitewiththeoxygenoftheair.a.burningb.toburnc.burnd.beingburning111.Hewasthoroughlyashamed______somuchmoneyonsuchanuglypicture.a.forspendingb.withspendingc.tohavespentd.ofhavingspent112.______oftheburdenofice,theballoonclimbedupanddriftedtotheSouth.a.Tobefreeb.Freeingc.Tofreed.Freed113.Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaper______inbroaddaylightyesterday.a.toberobbedb.robbedc.tohavebeenrobbedd.havingbeenrobbed114.Thereseemedlittlehopethattheexplorer,______inthetropicalforest,wouldfindhiswaythroughit.a.tobedesertedb.havingdesertedc.tohavebeendesertedd.havingbeendeserted115.“WhereshouldIsendmyapplication”“ThePersonnelOfficeistheplace______.”a.tosentitb.sentittoc.tosendittod.forsendingit116.Thepublisherwill