從屬連詞 狀語從句

從屬連詞狀語從句從屬連詞狀語從句從屬連詞狀語從句V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考從屬連詞狀語從句日期：20xx年X月從屬連詞狀語從句一、重點(diǎn)知識(shí)歸納及講解（一）從屬連詞從屬連詞是引導(dǎo)狀語從句，賓語從句及其他從句的連詞。1．引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞有：1）when,while,before,after,assoonas,until,since等，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。2）because,as,since等引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。3）if,aslongas等引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。4）though,although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。5）so…that…,such…that…等引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。6）sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。7）as?as?；than等引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。2．常用從屬連詞的辨析1）when,as,whilewhen,as,while都表示“當(dāng)…的時(shí)候”，但when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以是同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生，when既可指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可指一段時(shí)間，所以既可引導(dǎo)一短暫動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞，也可引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。用as作從屬連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作并行發(fā)生，不指先后，尤指短動(dòng)作或事件同時(shí)發(fā)生。如：AsIlooked,someonecamenear.（正當(dāng)我看的時(shí)候，有個(gè)人走上前來。）as還可說咱兩種正發(fā)展或變化的情況，意為“隨著”。如：Asspringwarmstheearth,allflowersbegintobloom.（隨著春回大地，百花開始綻放。）表示主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)，as意為“一邊…一邊…”。如：Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.（他匆匆忙忙跑回家，一邊走一邊回頭望。）while只指一段時(shí)間，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞不能用終止性動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，常對同類的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行對比。如：Whilewewerewaitingforabus,itwasraininghearily.（我們在等車時(shí)，天正下著大雨。）2）till和untiltill和until都表示“直到…為止”。主句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，主句和從句都用肯定式：意為“直到…才”。主句用終止性動(dòng)詞，從句用肯定式，主句用否定式。until較till正式，until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間從句可以放在句首。例如：Shewon'tgoawaytillyoupromisetohelpher.直到你允諾要幫助她，她才走開。Untilyoutoldme,Ihadheardofnothingwhathappened.直到你告訴我，我才知道發(fā)生了什么事。3）sincesince引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句常用一般過去時(shí)，其主句一般使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例如：Jimhasbeeninthefactoryfortwoyearssinceheleftschool.從吉姆畢業(yè)起，他在這家工廠工作兩年了。（二）狀語從句修飾主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞等的從句叫狀語從句。例如：Hedidn'tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.（修飾動(dòng)詞go）昨天他沒去上學(xué)，因?yàn)樗×?。Wemuststudysowellasourteacherhoped.（修飾副詞well）我們應(yīng)該學(xué)得你我們老師希望的那么好。LucyisyoungerthanJim(is)。（修飾形容詞younger）露茜比吉姆年輕。狀語從句的語序應(yīng)是主語+謂語+其他成分，即陳述句的語序。狀語從句的位置，可以放在主句前面或后面，但是若放在主句前面，要用逗號(hào)與主句分開；主句若是疑問句，那么時(shí)間狀語從句只能放在主句的前面。1）時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句由when,while,after,before,since,assoonas,till,until等連詞引導(dǎo)。例如：IwenttobedaftertheTVplaywasever.電視劇完了以后我上床睡覺。Couldyoulookafterherwhilewe'reaway我們不在時(shí)你能照顧她嗎Shehastaughtinthisschoolsinceshecametothiscityin1989.自從一九八九年她來到這座城市以來一直在這所學(xué)校教書。WaituntilIcomeback.請你等到我回來。注意：如主句是一般將來時(shí)，則表示將來的時(shí)間狀語只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：I'llwritetoyouassoonasIgettoBeijing.我一到北京就將寫信給你。Itwillgetwarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.春天來臨時(shí)，天氣將變得越來越暖和。2）原因狀語從句原因狀語從句由because,as,since等連詞引導(dǎo)。例如：Hesoldthecarbecauseitwastoosmall.他賣掉那輛小汽車，因?yàn)樗×?。Sinceyouwon'thelpme,Imustdothejobmyself.你既然不幫我忙，我必須自己做這項(xiàng)工作。Asmymotherisawayatthismoment,Ihavetolookaftermyyoungersister.由于我的媽媽現(xiàn)在不在，我不得不照顧我的妹妹。注意：a）because,as,since,for的用法辨析because,as,since,for都是表示各種理由的連詞，但because多表示所敘述的理由是本句的重點(diǎn)，故because所引導(dǎo)的從句常放在句末。例如：WhywasheabsentBecausehewasbadlyill.他為什么缺度因?yàn)樗〉煤苤亍s,since用于表示理由是已知，而理由以外才是敘述的重點(diǎn)，兩者皆多用于句首，但要注意since重形式，as多表示理由以外的才是重點(diǎn)。例如：Asitisraining,let'sstayashome.因?yàn)橄掠?，我們就留在家里吧。Sinceyouhavenolicense,youarenotallowedtodrive.因?yàn)槟銢]有駕駛執(zhí)照，所以你不可以開車。for不用于句首，而用于主句之后，補(bǔ)充說明理由；主句表推測時(shí)，用for說明原因。例如：I'llfollowhisadvice,forheisadoctor.我會(huì)聽從他的勸告，因?yàn)樗轻t(yī)生。b）becauseof也是表示原因狀語，但后面只能跟短語。例如：Istayedathomebecauseofthebadweather.因?yàn)樘鞖獠缓梦伊粼诩依铩?）比較狀語從句比較狀語從句由than或as來引導(dǎo)。例如：Ifeelbetternowthan(Iwas)before.我現(xiàn)在覺得比以前好了。Hewritesaswellasyou(do).他寫得和你一樣好。Thisproblemismoredifficultthanthatone(is).這道題比那道題難。4）條件狀語從句條件狀語從句由if,unless（=ifnot）算連詞引導(dǎo)。條件從句中的動(dòng)詞多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。例如：Ishallgoifheasksme.如果他請我，我就去。Ishan'tgounlessheasksme.除非他請我，否則我是不去的。Ishallgo,whetherheasksmeornot.不管他請不請我，我都要去。Comewithmeifyouhavetime.如果你有時(shí)間請跟我來。IwanttowatchabasketballmatchifI'mwelltonight.如果今晚我好了的話，我要看一場籃球賽。由and連接的簡單句，可以用條件狀語從句來改寫。例如：Runfasterandyou'llcatchupwithhim.跑快點(diǎn)兒你就會(huì)趕上他。=Ifyourunfaster,you'llcatchupwithhim.如果你跑得快點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)趕上他。5）結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句由sothat,so…that引導(dǎo)。例如：Hehaslosthisbikesothathecan'tcometoschoolontime.（結(jié)果狀語）他去了自行車，所以不能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到校。Yourshirtweresodirtythatyoumustwashit.（結(jié)果狀語）你的襯衣這么臟，你應(yīng)該把它洗洗。注意：由so…that引導(dǎo)的狀語從句若是表示否定意思，可以用too…to（太…而不能）來替換。例如：Shewassoangrythatshecouldnotsayaword.=Shewastooangrytosayaword.她氣得說不出話來。6）讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句一般用though（雖然）、although（雖然）、eventhough（即使）引導(dǎo)。例如：Though/Althoughhetriedhard,hewasnotsuccessful.他雖然努力嘗試，但沒有成功。Hewentonworkingthoughitwasverylate.雖然很晚了，他還在繼續(xù)工作。注意：1．漢語中的“雖然…但是…”在英語中用連詞though就可以了，或單獨(dú)使用but連接兩個(gè)并列句也可以，但不能在一個(gè)句子中同時(shí)用這兩個(gè)連詞（主句前不用連詞）。例如：“雖然我很喜歡照顧我姐姐的嬰兒，但她不讓我干”。這個(gè)句子我們可以用下面兩種方法來表達(dá)。ThoughIlikelookingaftermysister'sbaby,shedoesn'tletmedoit.Ilikelookingaftermysister'sbaby,butshedoesn'tletmedoit.=though可以與yet連用，這里yet雖然意思與but相同，但yet不是連詞，而是副詞。例如：Thoughitwascold,yethewentoutwithoutacoat.雖然很冷，但他沒穿外衣就出去了。二、隨堂監(jiān)測A組I.用when,before,after,until,assoonas,if,as,because,though,than,since,so…that填空:1.Ihaven’theardfromhim_______helefthome.2.Hewas_______tired_______hecouldn’tgoonworking.3.Iwascooking______sheknockedatthedoor.4.Hedidn’tgotobed______hefinishedhishomework.5.Thesoldierssetofftothefront______theyreceivedtheofficer’sorder.6.Shewenttobed_______theTVplaywasover.7.Iwon’tbelieveit_______Ihearwithmyownears.8.Weshouldstrike_______theironishot.9.Takethemedicine_______yougotobed.10.Theycouldn’tsendtheirchildrentoschool_______lifewasveryhardinthosedays.11._______thismethoddoesn’twork,let’stryanother.12.We’releavingforShenzhen_______itisfinetoday.13.Iknewnothingaboutit_______hetoldme.14.Thesingerwas_______pleased_______hecouldn’tsayaword.15.Pleaseworkharder_______allofyoucanpassthefinalexam.16.Armyandpeopleareasinseparable(不可分的)_______fishandwater.17.Theharvestofthisyearismuchbetter______thatoflastyear.18._______thestoryisshortandtherearenonewwordsinit,itisdifficulttounderstand.

II.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞完成改寫后的句子,使其與第一個(gè)句子意思相同或相近:1.Wecan’tfinishtheworkintimewithoutyourhelp.Wecan’tfinishtheworkintime_______youdon’thelpme.2.Nowshopblowing,andtheglasswillbeclearagain._______younowstopblowing,theglasswillbeclearagain.3.Ifwedon’thurry,we’llbelateforthefilm.Let’shurry,______we’llbelateforthefilm.4.Thegirlistooyoungtogotoschool.Thegirlis______young______shecan’tgotoschool.5.Jennygotupevenearlierthenextmorninginordertogettoschoolontime.Jennygotupevenearlierthenextmorning_______shecouldgettoschoolontime.6.Jackhasn’tseenthenewfilm.Ihaven’tseenit,either.______Jack______Ihaveseenthenewfilm.7.WeiHuaisaLeaguemember.HanMeimeiisaLeaguemember,too.______WeiHua______HanMeimeiareLeaguemembers.8.ThelittleboyspeaksEnglishverywell.HespeaksRussianverywell,too.Thelittleboyspeaks______English______Russianverywell.9.XiaoMingwasbornin1988.WangLinwasbornin1988,too.XiaoMingisjustasold______WangLin.10.MissGaoisverykind.Allthestudentslikeher.MissGaois______kind______allthestudentslikeher.三、隨堂監(jiān)測B組III.單項(xiàng)選擇:1.Weweregettingreadytogoout______itbegantorain.A.whereB.whenC.sinceD.if2.Welovespring______there’rebeautifulflowerseverywhere.A.butB.ifC.thoughD.because3.Theworkwas_______difficult_______ittookusquitealongtimetodoit.A.such,thatB.so,thatC.too,thatD.too,to4.I’lltellhimtogiveyouacall______hecomesback.A.becauseB.sinceC.assoonasD.but5.---WhydidLiLeiuseapencil---_______hispenwasbroken.A.BecauseB.WhenC.UntilD.If6.IthinkChineseismorepopular______anyothersubject.A.thanB.forC.asD.then7.WhatdoIhavetodo______IwanttobethinnerA.ifB.becauseC.sinceD.for8.Iwon’tturnoffthelight______you’vefinishedreading.

A.whenB.afterC.assoonasD.until9.I’llstudyEnglishandotherobjects_______Ican.

A.sohardasB.ashardasC.sohardlyasD.ashardlyas10.Thoughitrainedheavily,_______werestillplayingontheplayground.

A.theyB.sotheyC.buttheyD.andthey11.Youshouldfinishyourexercises______yougotobed.

A.afterB.beforeC.becauseD.if12.---ArewegoingtoWestHillFarmbybike

---No.Bybus,_______itisquitefarfromhere.

A.ifB.whenC.thoughD.because13.Mr.Readhastaughtinthatsmalltown______heleftCanadain1988.

A.whenB.afterC.forD.since14.I’m______busygettingreadyforChristmas_______Ihavenotimetowritetoyou.

A.not,untilB.too,toC.so,thatD.neither,nor15.You’lldobetterinEnglish______youworkharder.

A.orB.thanC.ifD.before16.Tomdidn’tgotoschoolyesterday______hewasill.

A.butB.untilC.ifD.because17.LiHua______inthefactorysincesheleftschooltenyearsago.

A.worksB.workedC.hasworkedD.hadworked18.---I’mgoingtoHangzhouforaholidaythisweekend.

---________youarethere,canyoubuymesomegreentea

A.BecauseB.IfC.WhileD.After19.Whatshallwedo______itrainstomorrow

A.soB.ifC.butD.because20.Ifyou______himtomorrow,pleaseaskhimifhe_______toworkonthefarmwithus.

A.see,goesB.willsee,goesC.willsee,willgoD.see,willgo21.Theroomis______dirty______wedon’twanttostayhere.

A.so,thatB.such,thatC.either,orD.as,as22._______he’sveryyoung,_______heknowsseverallanguages.

A.Though,butB.Because,soC.Though,/D.Because,/23.Theywillhaveasportsmeetingifit______tomorrow.

A.won’trainB.willrainC.doesn’trainD.rains24.Myparentswillgooutforanoutingwithmeifthey______freenextSunday.

A.willbeB.areC.haveD.willhave25.We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.

A.knowB.hadknownC.haveknownD.knew26.Couldyouringmeupassoonashe______

A.arrivedB.wouldarriveC.arrivesD.willarrive27.We______TVwhenthetelephone________.

A.watched,wasringing

B.werewatching,rang

C.watch,rings

D.arewatching,rang28.Kate______tobeduntilherfatherreturnedyesterdayevening.

A.won’tgoB.doesn’tgoC.wentD.didn’tgo29.Ifthechild_______,pleasetelephonethepolice.

A.foundB.isfoundC.wasfoundD.hasfound30.Ifyou______heretomorrow,I’llbedelighted.

A.comesB.willcomeC.came

D.come

Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen______hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.A.whichB.whenC.sothatD.asifIwouldappreciateit________youcallbackthisafternoonforthedoctor’sappointment.A.untilB.ifC.whenD.thatAsfarasIamconcerned，educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn，________.A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouareC.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.youareequippedthemoreforlifeAfterthewar，anewschoolbuildingwasputup________therehadoncebeenatheatre.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.When5.—IsMr.Smithintheoffice—Yes，________heisinchargeoftheoffice，hemustbethere.A.sinceB.howeverC.whetherD.forAsyourgoodfriend,Iwilldo________helpyou.A.thatIcantoB.whatIcantoC.allthatIcanD.whatIcanJohnmayphonetonight.Idon’twanttogoout________hephones.A.aslongasB.inordertoC.incaseD.sothacalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight，buttheyhungup________Icouldanswerthephone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.Before9.—Don’tlookdownuponBob.Hehashisownadvantages.—Oh,yes.________othersareweak,heisstrong.A.IfB.WhenC.WhereD.ThoughItistenyears________hesmoked.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.whileWemusthurryup________catchupwiththelasttrain.A.thatB.sothattoC.inorderthatD.inordertoNomatter________harditmaybe，Iwillcarryitout.A.whatB.whateverC.howD.however________youmaydo，youmustdoitwell.A.WhichB.WheneverC.WhateverD.When—AreyouthinkingaboutgoingtoNewYorkfortheholiday—No.ButifI________thetime，Iwoulddefi