中考英語專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí) 動詞的分類

中考英語專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)動詞的分類中考英語專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)動詞的分類中考英語專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)動詞的分類V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考中考英語專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)動詞的分類日期：20xx年X月（八）動詞的分類01命題趨勢考標(biāo)導(dǎo)向化近年來對動詞的考查主要是動詞的種類及各類動詞的基本區(qū)別，動詞的基本變化形式，常見的動詞的詞義辨析及短語動詞的辨析，其中，動詞和短語動詞的辨析以及動詞的基本變化形式是考查的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)。預(yù)計(jì)2016年動詞考查的趨勢將是：在具體的語言環(huán)境中考查基礎(chǔ)動詞及其短語動詞的辨析。02定義概念清晰化動詞是表示人或事物動作和狀態(tài)的詞。按照其語法功能，動詞分為行為動詞、系動詞、助動詞及情態(tài)動詞四類。行為動詞又叫實(shí)義動詞，分為及物動詞(后面必須跟賓語意義才完整的動詞),不及物動詞(本身意義不完整，其后不能接賓語的動詞)；系動詞(不能獨(dú)立作謂語，必須與表語一起構(gòu)成謂語)；助動詞(本身沒有詞義，不能獨(dú)立作謂語，只能和別的動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語的詞，這類詞表示時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣等特征，幫助構(gòu)成否定、疑問等)；情態(tài)動詞(本身有一定意義，但沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能單獨(dú)使用，必須和實(shí)義動詞一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語，表示說話者的情感、態(tài)度和語氣)。03知識歸類知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)化?動詞的種類分類圖解類別功能及用法例子行為動詞及物動詞vt.本身含有實(shí)在意義，表示動作或狀態(tài)，在句中能獨(dú)立作謂語?？梢越淤e語afford,buy,enjoy,keep不及物動詞vi.不可以直接接賓語arrive,cry,die,fall連系動詞本身有一定的詞義，但詞義不完整，不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須與表語一起構(gòu)成謂語。be,smell,look,taste助動詞本身沒有詞義，不能獨(dú)立作謂語，只能和實(shí)義動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示時態(tài)、語態(tài)、否定、疑問等。do,does,will,shall情態(tài)動詞本身有一定的詞義，但不能獨(dú)立作謂語，只能和實(shí)義動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示說話人的語氣和情態(tài)，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。may,must,can,need特例清單1.不及物動詞要想接賓語，必須在不及物動詞后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。如：Thebabyissmilingatus.小孩正對著我們笑呢。Hediedofhunger.他死于饑餓。Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully.請仔細(xì)聽老師講課。2.雙賓語動詞后面跟兩個賓語，直接賓語為動詞直接涉及的事物；間接賓語往往指涉及的人。間接賓語有時可放到后面去，由介詞to或for引導(dǎo)，變成介詞短語。◆能接以to引導(dǎo)的間接賓語的動詞常見的有：bring,give,leave,lend,offer,pass,play,read,send,show,take,teach,tell,write等。如：Couldyoulendyourdictionarytome?請你把你的字典借我用用好嗎？Shepassedthesalttohim.她把鹽遞給了他?！裟芙右詅or引導(dǎo)的間接賓語的動詞常見的有：bring,build,buy,cook,cut,fetch,find,get,keep,make,order,save,pick,play,sing,take,win,write等。如：Mothercooksbreakfastforuseveryday.母親每天都為我們做早飯。I’llfetchachairforyou.我去給你拿一個凳子?！绢}組訓(xùn)練】()1.(2014·眉山)—Who_____thetennisgameyesterday?

—Jack，he_____alltheothers.A.beat;wonB.won;wonC.beat;beatD.won;beat()2.(2014·河南)Choosingtherightcircleoffriendswill____usalotoftroubles，heartachesandpossiblyalifeofdeepregret.A.saveB.shareC.keepD.bring()3.(2014·十堰)—Smartphonesaremoreandmorepopularnow.—Sotheyare.Buttheystill_____toomuch.A.payB.costC.takeD.spend()4.(2014·山西)DuringtheWorldCup，alargenumberofsoccerfansflytoBrazil.Ithas_____agreatplaceforfanstohavefun.A.madeB.keptC.become()5.(2014·宿遷)—Tomisanhonestboy，_______he?

—Yes.Wetrusthimallthetime.A.isn’tB.isC.doesD.doesn’t?常見連系動詞的用法分類圖解常用連系動詞詞義例句be是I’magirlwithshorthair.become成為，變得MikebecomesinterestedinChinese.turn變得Mr.White’sfaceturnedred.get變得Theweatherisgettingbad.smell聞起來Theflowerssmellnice.sound聽起來Theplansoundsgood.taste嘗起來Thesouptastesdelicious.stay保持Theshopstaysopentill8pm.grow成長，變得Herhairisgrowingwhite.keep保持Thegirlkeepssilentallthetime.feel感到，摸起來Thecoatfeelsverysoftlook看起來Mymotherlooksveryyoung.注意1.連系動詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語，其后必須接形容詞、名詞或介詞短語作表語。2.含連系動詞(be除外)的句子變疑問句時一定要借助助動詞do,does,did等?！绢}組訓(xùn)練】()6.(2014·眉山)—Shallwegoforawalk?

—______great.A.FeelsB.SoundsC.TurnsD.Looks()7.(2014·荊州)—Doyoulikeswimminginwinter?

—Ofcourse.Thewater_____abitcoldatfirst，butthenIamwarmandfullofenergy.A.feelsB.tastesC.smellsD.looks()8.(2014·河北)Momismakingdinner.It_____sonice!A.smellsB.tastesC.feelsD.sounds()9.(2014·宿遷)—Yourtrainers_____colourful.—Yes.Andtheyarepopularamongyoungpeople.A.feelB.smellC.tasteD.look()10.(2014·樂山)—Ican’tstandthesmellofthestinkingtofu.—Wouldyouliketohaveatry?It_____quitedelicious!A.looksB.soundsC.tastes?情態(tài)動詞的用法分類圖解情態(tài)動詞意義及用法例句may表示“請求許可”，意思是“可以，可能”，其一般疑問句的否定回答為mustn’t?！狹ayIgooutandplayfootball?—No,youmustn’t.表推測，意思是“可能”。Mr.Limaybeathome.can(could)表示“能力”，意思是“能，會”，否定形式為can’t,couldn’t。MikecanspeakalittleChinese.IcouldridethebikewhenIwas6yearsold.用在疑問句中，表示“征求意見”，could比can的語氣更委婉、客氣。Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutyourschool?表推測，常用在否定句和疑問句中。Hecan’tbeathome.HehasgonetoJapan.can用于一般現(xiàn)在時及一般過去時兩種時態(tài)，beableto可以用于各種時態(tài)。Hecanspellthesewords.Hehasbeenabletodrawpicturesalready.must表示義務(wù)、命令或要求，意思是“必須，應(yīng)該”，否定形式為mustn’t，意思是“不應(yīng)該，不允許”，表示警告。Youmustbecarefulnexttime.Youmustn’ttakephotoshere.表示推測，意為“必定”。Hemustbeintheroom.表示說話人的主觀看法。Imustgohomenow.must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯定回答時用must，haveto；否定回答時用needn’t或don’thaveto。—MustIfinishthehomeworktoday?—No,youneedn’t/youdon’thaveto.need表示“需要”，多用于否定句。Heneedn’tworryaboutit.作實(shí)義動詞，后接動詞不定式。I’mverytiredandIneedtohavearest.【題組訓(xùn)練】()11.(2014·臺州)—Areyouinterestedinshoppingonline?

——Notsomuch.We_____seerealproductsbutpictures.A.shouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t()12.(2014·威海)—Bob，WhereisLinda?

—She________beinthelibrary.ButIamnotsure.A.mustB.mayC.needD.hasto()13.(2014·菏澤)—Look，someoneleftabook.—Oh，yeah…Thisbook_____beKitty’s.Onlyshelikestoreadthiskindofbooks.A.canB.mustC.mayD.might()14.(2014·福州)—Lisa，hurryup!Thebusiscoming.—Oh，no.We____crossthestreetuntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.should()15.(2014·江西)LastyearI______drive.Iusedtotakethebus.A.couldB.couldn’tC.shouldD.shouldn’t?短語動詞分類圖解類別實(shí)例漢義動詞+副詞addup加起來breakout爆發(fā)carryon堅(jiān)持下去；繼續(xù)下去changeinto轉(zhuǎn)換成；變成cleanup清除；收拾干凈clearup整理，收拾；(天氣)放晴comeback回來；想起來comedown落下來comein進(jìn)入，進(jìn)來cutdown砍倒cutoff切斷cutup切碎eatup吃光，吃完fallbehind落在……后面；輸給別人findout發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明getalong取得進(jìn)展gettogether聚會，聯(lián)歡getup起床giveaway分發(fā)；贈送giveback歸還,送回givein屈服giveout分發(fā)；用完，耗盡giveup放棄goahead繼續(xù)goaway走開，離去goon繼續(xù)growup長大成人，成長handin上交；交納handout分發(fā)holdon堅(jiān)持；(打電話)別掛斷keepon繼續(xù)(進(jìn)行)letin讓……進(jìn)來，放進(jìn)lookahead向前看lookup查找payback償還(借款等)pickup拾起，撿起；開車接；學(xué)會pointout指出，標(biāo)明putoff推遲puton穿；戴上；上演putup舉起；張貼startoff出發(fā)stayup熬夜takeoff脫下；起飛turndown聲音調(diào)小turnin上交turnoff關(guān)閉wakeup喚醒，醒來watchout當(dāng)心workout計(jì)算出動詞+介詞agreewith贊同，同意(某人的看法)arriveat/in到達(dá)askfor請求；詢問baseon以……為依據(jù)belongto屬于breakinto破門而入callfor需要；呼吁carefor在乎，關(guān)心comefrom來自……dealwith處理；對付dependon/upon依靠；相信；依賴getover克服getto到達(dá)……goby走過，經(jīng)過goover仔細(xì)檢查；復(fù)習(xí)knockat敲laughat嘲笑……learnfrom向……學(xué)習(xí)lookafter照顧lookat看……，觀看……lookfor尋找looklike看起來像passby經(jīng)過pointto指向……quarrelwith(和某人)爭吵standfor代表(某事物)；支持stickto堅(jiān)持talkabout談?wù)?，議論thinkabout考慮thinkof想起，想出；認(rèn)為waitfor等待動詞+副詞+介詞addupto加起來總計(jì)catchupwith趕上comeupwith想出getalongwith相處goonwith繼續(xù)進(jìn)行keepawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離keepupwith跟上；和……保持聯(lián)系lookdownon/upon看不起lookforwardto盼望lookoutof朝……外看makeupof由……組成，構(gòu)成runoutof耗盡注意:對于動詞+副詞類的短語，如果是名詞作賓語，那么這個名詞既可以放在短語之間也可以放在短語的后面，但是如果是代詞作賓語，則代詞一定要放在短語之間。如：Heturnedoffallthelightswhenheleft.當(dāng)他離開時，他關(guān)上了所有的燈。Hepickeditupandgaveittome.他撿起它，然后把它交給了我?！绢}組訓(xùn)練】()16.(2014·咸寧)—Whenwillyournewbook_______

—Ithasnotbeendecidedyet.A.findoutB.comeoutC.lookupD.setup()17.(2014·山西)—Mum.Ididbestinourgroupdiscussiontoday.—Welldone!I_________you.A.ammadatB.ampatientwithC.amproudof()18.(2014·河南)Thisbusdoesn’tgotothetrainstation.I’mafraidyou’llhaveto______atthelibraryandtaketheA52.A.takeoffB.putoffC.getoffD.turnoff()19.(2014·十堰)—ThesongWheredidthetimego_____theolddaysandtheloveoffamily.—Sure.It’smyfavoritesong.A.helpsusoutB.remindsusofC.letsusdownD.regardsusas()20.(2014·安徽)Astime_______，you’llcometothinkofEnglishasyourfriendandloveit.A.goesbyB.runsoutC.takesoffD.turnsup04整合集訓(xùn)反饋層級化()1.—CanIborrowyourEnglishbook,please?

—Sure.Butyoumust______ittomesoon.A.keepB.buyC.returnD.hold()2.—HaveyoueverlistenedtothesongBaby?

—Yes,it_____wonderful.Allofuslikeitverymuch.A.smellsB.soundsC.looksD.tastes()3.—Howaboutthesilkskirt?

—It______soft!I’lltakeit.A.tastesB.soundsC.smellsD.feels()4.Aftertheseriousillness,hefinally_____howimportanthealthis.A.realizedB.meantC.addedD.impressed()5.Theoldman’seyesightisn’tverygood.Heoften______TimforJim.A.regardsB.treatsC.mistakesD.thinks()6.—WhyisLilysopopularamongthestudents?

—Becausesheoften_____uswithhelpandcare.A.givesB.offersC.providesD.supports()7.—DoyouthinkHoustonRocketswillbeatLakers?

—Yes.Theyhavebetterplayers,soI______themtowin.A.hopeB.thinkC.dependD.expect()8.—Howlongdoyouthinktheterribleweatherwill______

—Whynotlistentotheweatherreport?A.appearB.lastC.changeD.discover()9.Listen!Thewholeclassisquietnow.It_____thateveryonefallsasleep.A.seemsB.looksC.soundsD.gets()10.Thechildrenaremakingtoomuchnoise.Ican’t____it.A.standB.hearC.considerD.know()11.Wow,thedish_____delicious.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtocookit?

A.keepsB.tastesC.soundsD.feels()12.—WhydoesZhangLeilookunhappy?

—Becauseherbestfrienddidn’t_____hertogoonapicnic.A.makeB.letC.inviteD.refuse()13.David_______hisfriend’sinvitationtothepicnicinordertostayathomeandhaveagoodrest.A.expectedB.refusedC.receivedD.told()14.—Who’sthatboyintheredcoat?

—Heismynewfriend.Letme______himtoyou.A.introduceB.tellC.promiseD.say()15.—Whataboutthepictureoverthere?

—It________nice.A.tastesB.getsC.looksD.sounds()16.—MayIgotothecinema,Mum?

—Certainly.Butyou_____bebackby11o’clock.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need()17.—____IspeaktoMay,please?

—I’msorryshe____cometothephonebecausesheisbusynow.A.Might;won’tB.Can;mustn’tC.May;can’tD.Could;shouldn’t()18.—IwanttoknowifI______smokehere.—No,you_______.Couldyouseethesign“NOSMOKING”there?

A.can;needn’tB.must;can’tC.shall;won’tD.can;mustn’t()19.Mywifeneverremembersmytelephonenumber.Shealways_______lookitup.A.mustB.shouldC.wouldD.hasto()20.—_____youpassmethedictionary,please?

—Sure.Hereyouare.A.CouldB.NeedC.MustD.Might()21.—MustIgotherewithyou?

—No,you____.David______gowithme.A.mustn’t;canB.can’t;mustC.don’t;shouldD.needn’t;may()22.You______becarefulwhencrossingtheroad—thetrafficlightsaren’tworking.A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.may()23.—CouldIborrowyourruler?

—Yes,ofcourseyou_______.A.willB.shouldC.canD.need()24.—I’vetakensomeoneelse’sgreensweaterbymistake.—It_______Henry’s.Healwayswearsgreen.A.hastobeB.willbeC.mustn’tbeD.couldbe()25.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybutluckilyeveryone_______getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.wasabletoD.could()26.—IsPaulcomingbytrain?

—Heshould,buthe_______.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.can’tB.needn’tC.maynotD.mustn’t()27.—Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?

—No,it_______behim.I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot()28.Susan,you______leaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot()29.—Listen!Someoneissinginginthenextroom.Who____itbe?IsitZhuLei?—No.It______beher.Sheisatschoolnow.A.will;maynotB.must;mustn’tC.may;can’tD.may;won’t()30.Susan’sparentshaveboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.It_______beveryexpensive.A.mustB.canC.mustn’tD.can’t()31.—Doyouknowifheisstillliving?

—I’mnotsure.Ithinkhe_______dieinabattlein1943.A.havetoB.shouldC.mustD.might()32.—Youcansitandreadthebookshereifyou_____.—Thankyouverymuch.A.canB.willC.mayD.must()33.—MustIwashall