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78/79設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算書建筑給排水及消防設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算書建筑給排水及消防設(shè)計(jì)講明書組長(zhǎng):胥濤組員:李煉劉一男李亞軍倪康陳麒聰黃耀陽(yáng)承志

建筑給排水及消防——設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算書目錄參考資料 1給水系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 3建筑消防系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 14建筑排水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 26設(shè)計(jì)圖紙見附錄參考資料1.《建筑給排水設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》GB50015-20032.《建筑設(shè)計(jì)防火規(guī)范》(2006)3.《高層建筑設(shè)計(jì)防火規(guī)范》(2006)4.《滅火器配置設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》5.《建筑給排水工程》6.《建筑給排水設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》7.有關(guān)設(shè)備、產(chǎn)品樣本給水系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算建筑給水系統(tǒng)總用水量的計(jì)算1.1.1豎向分區(qū)豎向分區(qū)共分2個(gè)區(qū):1~6層為低區(qū),7~18層為高區(qū)。用水量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)住宅:216戶人數(shù):800人,24h使用,用水量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)取10—2L/人,K=2.0;洗衣房:18×7.2=129.6m廚房9×7.2=37.8m套間15×7.2=108m2小間7.2×4.2=30.24m2未預(yù)見水量按每日用水量的15%計(jì)算。生活用水量計(jì)算表項(xiàng)目用水類不水量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)L/人.用水單位/人最大時(shí)用水量Qd(m3/d)時(shí)變化系數(shù)K最大日用水量Qmax(m3/h)供水時(shí)刻h生活用水洗衣房38625.742.04.29121—348廚房236145.22.024.224小間1185.62.50.5824小計(jì)176.5429.07未預(yù)見水量26.481.1總計(jì)203.0230.171.2貯水池容積計(jì)算本設(shè)計(jì)高區(qū)為設(shè)水泵水箱的給水方式,因?yàn)槭姓o水管不同意水泵直接從管網(wǎng)抽水,故地下設(shè)有生活、消防共用貯水池。水池有效容積按下式計(jì)算:V=V調(diào)節(jié)+V事故+V消防依照表1-1,該建筑最高日用水量為Qdmax=203.02m3/d,最高時(shí)用水量為Qhmax=30.17m31.2.1生活生產(chǎn)調(diào)節(jié)水量按建筑日用水量的12%計(jì),V調(diào)節(jié)=12%×261.5≈31.381.2.2消防水量按滿足火災(zāi)連續(xù)時(shí)刻內(nèi)消防用水量計(jì)算,依照《高層民用建筑設(shè)計(jì)防火規(guī)范》(GB50045-95)規(guī)定,室外消火栓用水量為30L/s,室內(nèi)消火栓用水量為40.0L/s,火災(zāi)連續(xù)時(shí)刻Tx=3h,自噴用水量為30L/s,火災(zāi)連續(xù)時(shí)刻Tx=1.2.3事故用水量考慮市政給水管事故時(shí)當(dāng)?shù)鼐S修時(shí)刻,事故貯備水量取2h的1~16層的最高時(shí)生活用水量,則有V事故=2Qhmax=2×30.17≈60.34貯水池進(jìn)水管選DN100的給水鋼管,管道流速取1.0m/s,進(jìn)水流量為貯水池消防補(bǔ)水量按3h計(jì),則∴貯水池的有效容積為:設(shè)V=672m3貯水池1座,水池尺寸為16000mm×14000mm×3000mm,水池頂部標(biāo)高為-1.00m,水位標(biāo)高為-1.30m,池底標(biāo)高為-4.30m,最低水位標(biāo)高為-4.3+0.5=-3.8m,生活水位標(biāo)高為-4.3+2.42+0.5=-1.38m,消防水位標(biāo)高為-4.3+2.15+0.5=-1.85m屋頂水箱容積計(jì)算屋頂生活給水箱布置平面圖7-18層之生活用水由水箱供水。故在高、低區(qū)立管設(shè)連通管,并在管上設(shè)置一個(gè)電動(dòng)閥和減壓閥,平常電動(dòng)閥關(guān)閉,當(dāng)市政給水事故停水時(shí),打開電動(dòng)閥向低區(qū)供水。因此水箱容積應(yīng)按供1-16層全部用水確定。水箱容積為生活生產(chǎn)調(diào)節(jié)容積(按最高日用水量的5%計(jì))與消防貯水容積(按一類建筑消防貯水量18m3查標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖集S1(上)選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方形給水箱,尺寸為4400mm×3200mm×2400mm,水箱的公稱容積為V=30m3,有效水深為2220mm。水箱頂部標(biāo)高為62.7m,水位標(biāo)高為62.3m。室內(nèi)給水管網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算水井平面布置圖1.4.1設(shè)計(jì)秒流量計(jì)算依照建筑物性質(zhì),設(shè)計(jì)秒流量按下式計(jì)算:式中,——計(jì)算管段的給水設(shè)計(jì)秒流量,L/s——計(jì)算管段的衛(wèi)生器具給水當(dāng)量總數(shù)、——依照建筑用途而定的系數(shù)1.1.4.21區(qū)給水管網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算低區(qū)1、、、6層各設(shè)有衛(wèi)生間,其衛(wèi)生間給水立管計(jì)算草圖。該供水系統(tǒng)最不利配水點(diǎn)為0點(diǎn)(即每層蹲式大便器),所需流出水頭為5mH2O采納當(dāng)量法計(jì)算計(jì)算原理參照《建筑給水排水設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范GB50015-2003》(2009年版),采納公共建筑采納當(dāng)量法差不多計(jì)算公式式中:qg-計(jì)算管段的給水設(shè)計(jì)秒流量(L/s)Ng-計(jì)算管段的衛(wèi)生器具給水當(dāng)量總數(shù)α-依照建筑物用途而定的系數(shù):2.5建筑類型:小區(qū)(Ⅰ、Ⅱ類)、旅館、招待所、賓館1區(qū)系統(tǒng)圖計(jì)算結(jié)果:管段名稱管道流量L/s管長(zhǎng)m累計(jì)當(dāng)量標(biāo)注管徑水力坡降mH2O/m流速m/s沿程損失mH2O管材1-20.203.291.00500.0010.170.00PP-R2-30.202.691.00500.0010.170.00PP-R3-41.544.389.50500.0531.300.23PP-R4-51.546.509.50500.0531.300.34PP-R5-61.541.739.50500.0531.300.09PP-R6-72.620.1027.50500.1412.220.01PP-R7-83.040.7137.00630.0611.630.04PP-R8-93.041.6037.00630.0611.630.10PP-R10-110.100.870.50200.0300.540.03PP-R11-120.100.090.50500.0000.080.00PP-R12-130.201.441.00250.0350.680.05PP-R13-141.462.138.50500.0471.230.10PP-R14-31.460.058.50500.0471.230.00PP-R15-160.003.320.00250.0000.000.00PP-R16-170.002.690.00200.0000.000.00PP-R17-181.466.148.50500.0471.230.29PP-R18-62.120.1018.00500.0951.790.01PP-R19-60.000.000.00200.0000.000.00PP-R20-210.200.241.00250.0350.680.01PP-R21-220.200.441.00250.0350.680.02PP-R22-230.501.162.50320.0581.040.07PP-R23-241.460.608.50500.0471.230.03PP-R24-251.460.238.50500.0471.230.01PP-R25-261.541.759.50500.0531.300.09PP-R26-271.540.079.50500.0531.300.00PP-R27-281.546.579.50500.0531.300.35PP-R28-71.541.659.50500.0531.300.09PP-R29-70.000.000.00500.0000.000.00PP-R30-80.001.400.00500.0000.000.00PP-R31-120.100.200.50200.0300.540.01PP-R32-330.300.131.50250.0741.010.01PP-R33-340.300.921.50250.0741.010.07PP-R34-350.300.461.50250.0741.010.03PP-R35-131.370.887.50500.0421.160.04PP-R36-370.100.200.50200.0300.540.01PP-R37-380.100.850.50200.0300.540.03PP-R38-390.100.180.50200.0300.540.01PP-R39-400.201.361.00250.0350.680.05PP-R40-411.462.138.50500.0471.230.10PP-R41-171.460.058.50500.0471.230.00PP-R42-430.200.221.00250.0350.680.01PP-R43-440.200.311.00250.0350.680.01PP-R44-450.501.162.50320.0581.040.07PP-R45-461.460.608.50500.0471.230.03PP-R46-471.460.808.50500.0471.230.04PP-R47-481.500.559.00500.0501.270.03PP-R48-491.541.829.50500.0531.300.10PP-R49-501.540.289.50500.0531.300.01PP-R50-511.540.359.50500.0531.300.02PP-R51-181.540.109.50500.0531.300.01PP-R52-180.000.000.00250.0000.000.00PP-R53-220.300.221.50250.0741.010.02PP-R54-551.200.206.00500.0331.010.01PP-R55-561.200.286.00500.0331.010.01PP-R56-231.200.706.00500.0331.010.02PP-R57-580.100.190.50200.0300.540.01PP-R58-590.100.950.50200.0300.540.03PP-R59-250.200.541.00250.0350.680.02PP-R60-351.200.206.00500.0331.010.01PP-R61-370.000.030.00500.0000.000.00PP-R62-390.100.200.50200.0300.540.01PP-R63-640.300.121.50250.0741.010.01PP-R64-650.300.921.50250.0741.010.07PP-R65-660.300.531.50250.0741.010.04PP-R66-401.370.817.50500.0421.160.03PP-R67-440.300.301.50250.0741.010.02PP-R68-691.200.366.00500.0331.010.01PP-R69-451.200.706.00500.0331.010.02PP-R70-470.100.200.50200.0300.540.01PP-R71-720.100.190.50200.0300.540.01PP-R72-480.100.360.50200.0300.540.01PP-R73-500.001.600.00250.0000.000.00PP-R74-510.000.090.00200.0000.000.00PP-R75-760.000.000.00200.0000.000.00PP-R76-510.000.000.00200.0000.000.00PP-R77-550.000.080.00200.0000.000.00PP-R78-590.100.200.50200.0300.540.01PP-R79-661.200.206.00500.0331.010.01PP-R1.4.3高區(qū)給水管網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算1、高區(qū)各層均設(shè)有公共衛(wèi)生間,其衛(wèi)生間給水立管計(jì)算草圖見圖1-2。該供水系統(tǒng)最不利配水點(diǎn)為2點(diǎn)(即18層蹲式大便器),所需流出水頭為5mH2O,計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)編號(hào)見圖1-2;2、高區(qū)套間均設(shè)有衛(wèi)生間,其計(jì)算立管有1條即GL1,GL2、GL4、同GL1,計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)編號(hào)見圖1-2;3、高區(qū)15、16、17、18層宿舍內(nèi)有1條單獨(dú)計(jì)算立管即GL3,計(jì)算節(jié)點(diǎn)編號(hào)見圖1-2;4、水力計(jì)算方法與過(guò)程同低區(qū),各計(jì)算結(jié)果分不見表1-2、1-3。2區(qū)給水管網(wǎng)計(jì)算草圖管段名稱管道流量L/s管長(zhǎng)m累計(jì)當(dāng)量標(biāo)注管徑水力坡降mH2O/m流速m/s沿程損失mH2O管材1-20.203.291.00500.0010.170.00PP-R2-30.202.691.00500.0010.170.00PP-R3-41.544.389.50500.0531.300.23PP-R4-51.546.509.50500.0531.300.34PP-R5-61.541.739.50500.0531.300.09PP-R6-72.620.1027.50500.1412.220.01PP-R7-83.040.7137.00630.0611.630.04PP-R8-93.041.6037.00630.0611.630.10PP-R10-110.100.870.50200.0300.540.03PP-R11-120.100.090.50500.0000.080.00PP-R12-130.201.441.00250.0350.680.05PP-R13-141.462.138.50500.0471.230.10PP-R14-31.460.058.50500.0471.230.00PP-R15-160.003.320.00250.0000.000.00PP-R16-170.002.690.00200.0000.000.00PP-R17-181.466.148.50500.0471.230.29PP-R18-62.120.1018.00500.0951.790.01PP-R19-60.000.000.00200.0000.000.00PP-R20-210.200.241.00250.0350.680.01PP-R21-220.200.441.00250.0350.680.02PP-R22-230.501.162.50320.0581.040.07PP-R23-241.460.608.50500.0471.230.03PP-R24-251.460.238.50500.0471.230.01PP-R25-261.541.759.50500.0531.300.09PP-R26-271.540.079.50500.0531.300.00PP-R27-281.546.579.50500.0531.300.35PP-R28-71.541.659.50500.0531.300.09PP-R29-70.000.000.00500.0000.000.00PP-R30-80.001.400.00500.0000.000.00PP-R31-120.100.200.50200.0300.540.01PP-R32-330.300.131.50250.0741.010.01PP-R33-340.300.921.50250.0741.010.07PP-R34-350.300.461.50250.0741.010.03PP-R35-131.370.887.50500.0421.160.04PP-R36-370.100.200.50200.0300.540.01PP-R37-380.100.850.50200.0300.540.03PP-R38-390.100.180.50200.0300.540.01PP-R39-400.201.361.00250.0350.680.05PP-R40-411.462.138.50500.0471.230.10PP-R41-171.460.058.50500.0471.230.00PP-R42-430.200.221.00250.0350.680.01PP-R43-440.200.311.00250.0350.680.01PP-R44-450.501.162.50320.0581.040.07PP-R45-461.460.608.50500.0471.230.03PP-R46-471.460.808.50500.0471.230.04PP-R47-481.500.559.00500.0501.270.03PP-R48-491.541.829.50500.0531.300.10PP-R49-501.540.289.50500.0531.300.01PP-R50-511.540.359.50500.0531.300.02PP-R51-181.540.109.50500.0531.300.01PP-R52-180.000.000.00250.0000.000.00PP-R53-220.300.221.50250.0741.010.02PP-R54-551.200.206.00500.0331.010.01PP-R55-561.200.286.00500.0331.010.01PP-R56-231.200.706.00500.0331.010.02PP-R57-580.100.190.50200.0300.540.01PP-R58-590.100.950.50200.0300.540.03PP-R59-250.200.541.00250.0350.680.02PP-R60-351.200.206.00500.0331.010.01PP-R61-370.000.030.00500.0000.000.00PP-R62-390.100.200.50200.0300.540.01PP-R63-640.300.121.50250.0741.010.01PP-R64-650.300.921.50250.0741.010.07PP-R65-660.300.531.50250.0741.010.04PP-R66-401.370.817.50500.0421.160.03PP-R67-440.300.301.50250.0741.010.02PP-R68-691.200.366.00500.0331.010.01PP-R69-451.200.706.00500.0331.010.02PP-R70-470.100.200.50200.0300.540.01PP-R71-720.100.190.50200.0300.540.01PP-R72-480.100.360.50200.0300.540.01PP-R73-500.001.600.00250.0000.000.00PP-R74-510.000.090.00200.0000.000.00PP-R75-760.000.000.00200.0000.000.00PP-R76-510.000.000.00200.0000.000.00PP-R77-550.000.080.00200.0000.000.00PP-R78-590.100.200.50200.0300.540.01PP-R79-661.200.206.00500.0331.010.01PP-R高區(qū)生活水箱系統(tǒng)圖1.5生活水泵的選擇本建筑的生活水泵與室外給水管網(wǎng)間接連接,從水池抽水,故采納下式計(jì)算水泵的揚(yáng)程:其中H1—貯水池最低水位至配水最不利點(diǎn)或水箱進(jìn)水口、最不利消火栓、自動(dòng)灑水噴頭位置高度所需的靜水壓力,kpa;H2—水泵吸水管和出水管至配水最不利點(diǎn)或水箱進(jìn)水口、最不利消火栓、自動(dòng)噴水噴頭管路的總水頭損失,kpa;H3—配水最不利點(diǎn)或水箱進(jìn)水口、最不利消火栓、自動(dòng)噴水噴頭所需的流出水頭,取水箱進(jìn)水浮球閥的流出水頭為H3=2mH2o本建筑為水泵、水箱聯(lián)合供水,生活水泵出水量按最高日流量選用,即選用PP-RDN125的管子,流速,。水泵吸水管長(zhǎng)度總水頭損失因此選用65DL×6立式單吸多級(jí)離心泵2臺(tái)(1用1備),轉(zhuǎn)速n=1450r/min,流量Q=30m3/h,揚(yáng)程Hb=96.0m,功率15kW,效率η=62%,電機(jī)型號(hào)Y160L-4(B5),水泵基礎(chǔ)尺寸為260mm×430mm1.6室外管網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算室外管網(wǎng)流量由生活水量、未預(yù)見水量及消防水量組成,,選用PP-RDN125的管子,流速,。引入管及水表選擇本樓為綜合樓,計(jì)算總管的生活給水設(shè)計(jì)秒流量,應(yīng)采納加權(quán)平均法確定與k值,生活給水設(shè)計(jì)秒流量消防流量,補(bǔ)水時(shí)刻按48小時(shí)計(jì)算建筑總的設(shè)計(jì)秒流量為生活給水設(shè)計(jì)秒流量、生產(chǎn)設(shè)計(jì)流量、消防流量、和未預(yù)見用水量(見表1-1)之和,即:依照適應(yīng)及從安全角度考慮,該樓給水引入管擬采納兩條,且每一條引入管承擔(dān)的設(shè)計(jì)流量為,選用管徑1.7.3水表選型水表按Q'=29.05m3/h,選水平LXL–80N螺翼式水表,公稱直徑為80mm,公稱流量為40m3/h,最大流量為水表水頭損失HB=1.32kPa<12.8kPa,滿足要求。水壓校核1.8.1市政管網(wǎng)水壓校核低區(qū)1點(diǎn)為最不利配水點(diǎn),其所需水壓按下式計(jì)算:其中,——最不利配水點(diǎn)與引入管的標(biāo)高差,mH2O;——管路的沿程和局部水頭損失之和,mH2O;——水表的水頭損失,mH2O; ——最不利配水點(diǎn)所需的流出水頭,mH2O;∴H值與市政給水管網(wǎng)可資用水頭0.20MPa接近,滿足低區(qū)供水要求,不必再進(jìn)行調(diào)整。1.8.2水箱安裝高度的校核高區(qū)最不利配水點(diǎn)為18層頂層的1點(diǎn),其幾何高度Hz=57.7m,得水箱出口至最不利配水點(diǎn)的沿程水頭損失為局部水頭損失按沿程水頭損失的30%計(jì),則總水頭損失為水箱滿足最不利配水點(diǎn)所要求的最低水位為(流出水頭2m)水箱生活貯水最低水位標(biāo)高為62.3m大于H1,滿足最不利配水點(diǎn)的水壓要求,水箱安裝高度符合要求。建筑消防系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算2.1消火栓的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算2.1.1消火栓的用水量該綜合樓屬于一類建筑,建筑高度為61.3m,依照《高層民用建筑設(shè)計(jì)防火規(guī)范》(GB50045-95)規(guī)定,室內(nèi)消火栓用水量為40L/s,室外消火栓用水量為30L/s。每根豎管最小流量為15L/s,每支水槍最小流量為5.0L/s。底層消火栓所承受的靜水壓力小于0.80MPa,故系統(tǒng)可不分區(qū)。選擇口徑為65mm的消火栓,噴口直徑df=19mm,麻織水龍帶長(zhǎng)度Ld=2.1.2消火栓布置依照規(guī)范要求,消火栓的布置間距應(yīng)保證同一層任何部位有2支消火栓的水槍充實(shí)水柱同時(shí)到達(dá)。1、水槍充實(shí)水柱長(zhǎng)度取水槍的上傾角α=45°,則充實(shí)水柱長(zhǎng)度按下式計(jì)算:其中,——室內(nèi)最高著火點(diǎn)離地面的高度,m;——水槍噴嘴離地面的高度,m;則有,由于該建筑的建筑高度小于100m,依照規(guī)范要求,其水槍充實(shí)水柱長(zhǎng)度Hm不應(yīng)小于10m。故Hm取為10m。2、消火栓愛護(hù)半徑消火栓愛護(hù)半徑按下式計(jì)算:其中,——水帶展開時(shí)的彎曲折減系數(shù),取——水帶長(zhǎng)度,=25m——水槍充實(shí)水柱傾斜45°時(shí)的水平距離,該建筑層高為3.6m,故h=Hm·sin45°=10×sin45°≈7.07m則有,2.1.3消火栓系統(tǒng)的水力計(jì)算1、消火栓栓口處所需壓力的計(jì)算消火栓栓口處所需壓力按下式計(jì)算:其中,——水槍噴嘴處壓力,kPa;——水龍帶水頭損失,kPa;——消火栓栓口水頭損失,按Hk=20kPa計(jì)算1)的計(jì)算按公式kPa計(jì)算其中,——實(shí)驗(yàn)系數(shù)——與水槍噴嘴口徑有關(guān)的阻力系數(shù)依照水槍噴口直徑df=19mm,充實(shí)水柱長(zhǎng)度Hm=10m,查《建筑給水排水工程》表4-6、4-7得=0.0097,=1.20,則有2)的計(jì)算先按公式計(jì)算水槍的射流量,其中B為水槍的水流特性系數(shù),查《建筑給水排水工程》表4-8得B=1.577,則有再按公式kPa計(jì)算,其中為水帶的阻力系數(shù),查《建筑給水排水工程》表4-10得麻織水帶Az=0.00430,則有kPa∴2、消防立管管徑的確定考慮到著火時(shí),最不利消防立管上出水水槍數(shù)為2支,故消防立管的流量為消防立管選用DN100PP-R管,查pp-r水力計(jì)算表得流速v=1.73m/s,1000i=60.129。3、消防環(huán)管徑的確定該建筑室內(nèi)消防用水量為40L/s,故考慮著火點(diǎn)處需要8股水柱同時(shí)作用,則消火栓用水量為消防環(huán)狀給水管選用DN150鋼管,查鋼管水力計(jì)算表得流速v=2.12m/s,1000i=54.271。4、總水頭損失的計(jì)算屋頂試驗(yàn)消火栓到貯水池最低水位的管道長(zhǎng)度為底環(huán)環(huán)管長(zhǎng)度為則管路的沿程水頭損失為管路的局部水頭損失按沿程水頭損失的10%計(jì),則總水頭損失為2.1.4消防水泵的選擇1、消防水泵的流量消防水泵的流量按室內(nèi)消火栓消防用水量確定,故2、消防水泵的揚(yáng)程消防水泵的揚(yáng)程按下式計(jì)算:其中,——最不利消火栓栓口處所需壓力,mH2O;——管網(wǎng)的總水頭損失,mH2O;——最不利消火栓與水池最低水位的高差,mH2O;∴3、消防水泵的選型依照確定的流量和揚(yáng)程,選擇150DLS150-20消防泵2臺(tái)(1用1備)。流量Q=40.0L/s,揚(yáng)程Hb=120m,轉(zhuǎn)速n=1480r/min,電機(jī)功率為90kW,電機(jī)型號(hào)為Y250M-4,水泵基礎(chǔ)尺寸為L(zhǎng)×B=345mm×2.1.5消火栓減壓孔板的計(jì)算為了使各層消火栓栓口處的壓力接近Hxh,需在下層消火栓前設(shè)減壓設(shè)施(采納減壓孔板),以降低消火栓栓口處的壓力,從而保證消火栓的正確使用(當(dāng)消火栓栓口處的動(dòng)水壓力不超過(guò)0.50MPa時(shí),可考慮不設(shè)減壓設(shè)施)。減壓孔板的設(shè)計(jì)依照最不利立管進(jìn)行,其余立管均應(yīng)滿足水壓要求,而不致于出現(xiàn)水壓不足。減壓孔板的選擇是依照水泵工況時(shí)各層消火栓口的剩余水頭來(lái)決定的。1、各層消火栓口的剩余水頭按下式計(jì)算:其中,——消防水泵的揚(yáng)程,mH2O;——水池最低水位至計(jì)算層消火栓栓口的垂直高度所要求的靜水壓力,mH2O;——水池至計(jì)算層消火栓的管路沿程水頭損失和局部水頭損失之和,mH2O;(mH2O)——消火栓栓口處所需壓力,mH2O;∴(mH2O)計(jì)算結(jié)果見表1-1。2、換算剩余水頭按下式計(jì)算:其中,為水流通過(guò)孔板后的實(shí)際流速,消火栓流量Q=5.0L/s,消火栓管道管徑為DN70,則有∴=0.59Hs(mH2O)依照計(jì)算的查《建筑給水排水設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》表1.5-18選用減壓孔板孔徑。計(jì)算結(jié)果見表2-1。2.1.6水泵結(jié)合器按《高層民用建筑設(shè)計(jì)防火規(guī)范》7.4.5.1條規(guī)定:每個(gè)水泵結(jié)合器的流量應(yīng)按10~15L/s計(jì)算。本建筑室內(nèi)消火栓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)水量為40.0L/s,故水泵結(jié)合器的數(shù)量為3個(gè),型號(hào)均采納SQB150。消火栓系統(tǒng)管道調(diào)壓孔板的計(jì)算表表2-1消火栓標(biāo)高標(biāo)高差∑hHsH'孔徑d編號(hào)(m)(m)(m)(m)(m)(mm)161.465.26.4630.07257.861.66.2233.91354.258.05.9837.75450.654.45.7441.59547.050.85.5145.42643.447.25.2749.26739.843.65.0353.1031.3318836.240.04.7956.9433.5917932.636.44.5560.7835.86171029.032.84.3164.6238.12171125.429.24.0868.4540.39171221.825.63.8472.2942.65161318.222.03.6076.1344.92161414.618.43.3679.9747.18161510.113.93.0684.7750.0115165.69.42.7789.5652.8415171.14.92.4794.3655.67152.2閉式自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算2.2.1管系水力計(jì)算1、設(shè)計(jì)差不多數(shù)據(jù)依照《自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》(GB500084-2001),此建筑的火災(zāi)危險(xiǎn)等級(jí)屬于中危險(xiǎn)?級(jí),故其設(shè)計(jì)噴水強(qiáng)度為6L/min·m2,設(shè)計(jì)作用面積為160m22、噴頭的選用和布置標(biāo)準(zhǔn)層住戶自噴平面圖地下停車場(chǎng)自噴系統(tǒng)布置本設(shè)計(jì)采納作用溫度為68℃閉式玻璃球噴頭,考慮到建筑美觀,采納吊頂型玻璃球噴頭。噴頭的水平間距一般為3.1m,不大于3.6m。個(gè)不噴頭受建筑物結(jié)構(gòu)的阻礙,其間距會(huì)適當(dāng)增減,但距墻不小于0.5m,不大于3、水力計(jì)算按作用面積愛護(hù)法計(jì)算:1)最不利噴頭工作壓力為0.10MPa,其噴頭出水量為2)劃分矩形作用面積為長(zhǎng)邊短邊3)在最不利層(16層)劃分最不利作用面積4)作用面積內(nèi)噴頭布置為:3.2m×3.5m,見圖2-2中的(a),按可推求出噴頭的愛護(hù)半徑為則可得到作用面積內(nèi)任意4個(gè)噴頭所組成的最大、最小愛護(hù)面積,如圖2-2中的(b)、(c),每個(gè)噴頭的愛護(hù)面積為S=πR2=17.64m則作用面積內(nèi)4個(gè)噴頭組成的最大愛護(hù)面積為:作用面積內(nèi)4個(gè)噴頭組成的最小愛護(hù)面積為:其平均噴水強(qiáng)度為:,與設(shè)計(jì)噴水強(qiáng)度的差值為,,符合要求。(a)停車場(chǎng)自噴平面圖圖2-2自噴系統(tǒng)作用面積內(nèi)噴頭布置計(jì)算草圖則作用面積內(nèi)4個(gè)噴頭組成的最小愛護(hù)面積為:其平均噴水強(qiáng)度為:,與設(shè)計(jì)噴水強(qiáng)度的差值為<20%,符合要求。圖2-3自噴水力計(jì)算草圖水力計(jì)算草圖見圖2-3,噴頭布置為:3.2m×3.5m,則有每根配水支管最大動(dòng)作噴頭數(shù):(取n0=5),作用面積內(nèi)配水支管數(shù):(取N=3)動(dòng)作噴頭數(shù):個(gè)實(shí)際作用面積:>160m2故應(yīng)從實(shí)際作用面積內(nèi)最有利配水支管上減去1個(gè)噴頭愛護(hù)面積,則實(shí)際計(jì)算面積為則作用面積內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)秒流量為,理論秒流量為比較Qs與Ql,滿足要求。6)確定管段管徑:管徑初步按噴頭個(gè)數(shù)而定,沿程水頭損失按下式計(jì)算:其中,——管道比阻值,查《高層建筑設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)》表2.3-17自噴系統(tǒng)水力計(jì)算表表2-2管段DN噴頭QQ2ALhyK0v編號(hào)(mm)個(gè)數(shù)(L/s)(m)(m)(m/s)1-22511.331.770.43673.22.471.8832.502-33222.667.080.093863.22.131.052.793-44033.9915.920.044534.53.190.83.194-57067.9863.680.00289310.81.990.2832.265-6801215.96254.720.0011689.02.680.2043.256-71001823.94573.120.00026749.01.380.1152.757-81001823.94573.120.000267414.32.190.1152.758-91001823.94573.120.00026741.00.150.1152.759-101001823.94573.120.00026748.01.230.1152.75∑hy=17.41——計(jì)算管道長(zhǎng)度,m;校核17層最不利噴頭由于水箱高度已定,則需校核水箱高度是否滿足最不利噴頭所需壓力。最不利供水方式為水箱—報(bào)警閥—16層最不利噴頭,選取管徑DN125,Q=30L/s時(shí),A=0.00008623。水箱至14點(diǎn)的沿程水頭損失為報(bào)警閥水頭損失:∴水箱應(yīng)滿足最不利層噴頭壓力要求的最小安裝高度為但實(shí)際上水箱與最不利層噴頭的安裝高度距離為60.3-59.5=0.8m·H2O<11.52m·H2O需設(shè)置局部增壓設(shè)施,為保證供水安全,決定在水箱間采納氣壓罐,與設(shè)在地下水泵房相比可減少穩(wěn)壓泵揚(yáng)程。2.2.4局部增壓依照《高層民用建筑設(shè)計(jì)防火規(guī)范》(GB500045-95)第7.4.8條規(guī)定:氣壓給水設(shè)備的氣壓水罐其調(diào)節(jié)水量為5個(gè)噴頭30s的用水量,即氣壓罐低壓:P1=11.52mH2O=115.2kPa氣壓罐高壓:P2=11.52+10=21.52mH2O=215.2kPa采納隔膜式氣壓罐,則β=1.05,而∴故選擇SD600-6隔膜式自動(dòng)氣壓罐給水設(shè)備,其容積為0.37m3,QDL4-8×排水系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算3.1排水量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及設(shè)計(jì)秒流量3.1.1排水量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)查《建筑給水排水設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》(GBJ15-88)中表3.4.1洗手盆排水流量為0.10L/s,當(dāng)量數(shù)為0.3;蹲式大便器采納自閉式?jīng)_洗閥,其排水流量為1.5L/s,當(dāng)量數(shù)為4.50;坐便器采納低水箱沖洗(虹吸式),其排水流量為2.0L/s,當(dāng)量數(shù)為6.0;小便槽(每米長(zhǎng))自動(dòng)沖洗水箱,其排水流量為0.17L/s,當(dāng)量數(shù)為0.50。3.1.2設(shè)計(jì)秒流量計(jì)算依照建筑物的性質(zhì),采納不同的設(shè)計(jì)秒流量公式計(jì)算如下:1、式中,——計(jì)算管段的排水設(shè)計(jì)秒流量,L/s——計(jì)算管段的衛(wèi)生器具排水當(dāng)量總數(shù);——依照建筑用途而定的系數(shù);——計(jì)算管段上排水量最大的一個(gè)衛(wèi)生器具的排水流量,L/s;1)各層公共衛(wèi)生間:查《建筑給水排水設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》(GBJ15-88)中表3.4.5得,α=1.5。生活廢水管段上排水量最大的衛(wèi)生器具是洗手盆,即∴生活污水管段上排水量最大的衛(wèi)生器具是大便器,即∴2)套間的衛(wèi)生間:查《建筑給水排水設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》(GBJ15-88)中表3.4.5得α=1.5。生活廢水管段上排水量最大的衛(wèi)生器具是洗手盆,即∴生活污水管段上排水量最大的衛(wèi)生器具是坐便器,即∴按上述公式計(jì)算,若計(jì)算的qu大于該管段上所有衛(wèi)生器具排水流量的總和時(shí),按該管段上所有衛(wèi)生器具排水流量的累加值作為設(shè)計(jì)秒流量。3.2排水管網(wǎng)水力計(jì)算3.2.1生活廢水管道計(jì)算1—6層生活廢水管道計(jì)算1-6層衛(wèi)生間排水詳圖已求設(shè)計(jì)秒流量計(jì)算公式為:計(jì)算結(jié)果見表。 采納當(dāng)量法計(jì)算計(jì)算原理參照《建筑給水排水設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范GB50015-2003》(2009年版),采納公共建筑采納當(dāng)量法差不多計(jì)算公式式中: qp-計(jì)算管段的排水設(shè)計(jì)秒流量(L/s) Np-計(jì)算管段的衛(wèi)生器具排水當(dāng)量總數(shù) qmax-計(jì)算管段上最大一個(gè)衛(wèi)生器具的排水流量(L/s) α-依照建筑物用途而定的系數(shù):1.5計(jì)算結(jié)果:管段名稱管道流量L/s管道類型累計(jì)當(dāng)量公稱直徑水力坡降mH2O/m流速m/s充滿度管材1-20.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U2-30.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U3-40.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U4-50.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U5-60.58立管2.00500.0000.000.00排水PVC-U6-70.69立管4.00500.0000.000.00排水PVC-U7-80.77立管6.00500.0000.000.00排水PVC-U8-90.84立管8.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U9-100.90立管10.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U10-110.95立管12.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U11-121.00立管14.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U12-131.05立管16.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U13-141.09立管18.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U14-151.13立管20.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U15-161.17立管22.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U16-171.21立管24.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U17-181.25立管26.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U18-191.28立管28.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U19-201.32立管30.001100.0000.000.00排水PVC-U20-211.35立管32.001100.0000.000.00排水PVC-U21-221.38立管34.001100.0000.000.00排水PVC-U22-231.41立管36.001100.0000.000.00排水PVC-U24-30.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U25-40.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U26-270.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U27-280.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U28-290.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U29-60.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U30-310.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U31-320.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U32-330.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U33-70.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U34-350.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U35-360.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U36-370.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U37-80.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U38-390.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U39-400.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U40-410.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U41-90.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U42-430.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U43-440.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U44-450.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U45-100.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U46-470.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U47-480.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U48-490.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U49-110.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U50-510.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U51-520.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U52-530.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U53-120.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U54-550.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U55-560.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U56-570.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U57-130.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U58-590.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U59-600.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U60-610.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U61-140.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U62-630.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U63-640.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U64-650.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U65-150.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U66-670.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U67-680.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U68-690.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U69-160.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U70-710.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U71-720.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U72-730.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U73-170.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U74-750.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U75-760.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U76-770.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U77-180.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U78-790.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U79-800.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U80-810.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U81-190.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U82-830.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U83-840.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U84-850.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U85-200.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U86-870.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U87-880.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U88-890.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U89-210.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U90-910.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U91-920.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U92-930.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U93-220.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U94-280.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U95-290.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U96-320.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U97-330.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U98-360.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U99-370.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U100-400.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U101-410.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U102-440.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U103-450.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U104-480.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U105-490.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U106-520.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U107-530.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U108-560.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U109-570.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U110-600.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U111-610.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U112-640.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U113-650.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U114-680.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U115-690.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U116-720.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U117-730.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U118-760.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U119-770.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U120-800.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U121-810.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U122-840.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U123-850.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U124-880.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U125-890.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U126-920.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U127-930.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U7-18層房間排水水力計(jì)算表已求設(shè)計(jì)秒流量計(jì)算公式為:計(jì)算結(jié)果見表。 采納當(dāng)量法計(jì)算計(jì)算原理參照《建筑給水排水設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范GB50015-2003》(2009年版),采納公共建筑采納當(dāng)量法差不多計(jì)算公式式中: qp-計(jì)算管段的排水設(shè)計(jì)秒流量(L/s) Np-計(jì)算管段的衛(wèi)生器具排水當(dāng)量總數(shù) qmax-計(jì)算管段上最大一個(gè)衛(wèi)生器具的排水流量(L/s) α-依照建筑物用途而定的系數(shù):1.5計(jì)算結(jié)果:管段名稱管道流量L/s管道類型累計(jì)當(dāng)量公稱直徑水力坡降mH2O/m流速m/s充滿度管材1-20.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U2-30.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U3-40.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U4-50.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U5-60.58立管2.00500.0000.000.00排水PVC-U6-70.69立管4.00500.0000.000.00排水PVC-U7-80.77立管6.00500.0000.000.00排水PVC-U8-90.84立管8.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U9-100.90立管10.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U10-110.95立管12.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U11-121.00立管14.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U12-131.05立管16.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U13-141.09立管18.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U14-151.13立管20.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U15-161.17立管22.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U16-171.21立管24.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U17-181.25立管26.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U18-191.28立管28.00750.0000.000.00排水PVC-U19-201.32立管30.001100.0000.000.00排水PVC-U20-211.35立管32.001100.0000.000.00排水PVC-U21-221.38立管34.001100.0000.000.00排水PVC-U22-231.41立管36.001100.0000.000.00排水PVC-U24-30.00橫管0.00500.0260.960.00排水PVC-U25-40.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U26-270.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U27-280.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U28-290.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U29-60.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U30-310.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U31-320.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U32-330.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U33-70.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U34-350.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U35-360.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U36-370.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U37-80.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U38-390.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U39-400.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U40-410.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U41-90.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U42-430.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U43-440.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U44-450.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U45-100.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U46-470.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U47-480.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U48-490.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U49-110.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U50-510.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U51-520.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U52-530.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U53-120.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U54-550.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U55-560.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U56-570.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U57-130.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U58-590.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U59-600.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U60-610.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U61-140.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U62-630.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U63-640.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U64-650.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U65-150.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U66-670.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U67-680.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U68-690.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U69-160.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U70-710.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U71-720.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U72-730.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U73-170.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U74-750.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U75-760.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U76-770.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U77-180.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U78-790.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U79-800.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U80-810.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水PVC-U81-190.58橫管2.00500.0260.960.38排水PVC-U82-830.33橫管1.00500.0260.960.28排水P

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