中心學校初中九年級英語上冊教案知識點匯編（仁愛版）

仁愛英語九年級上下冊語言知識點匯編Unit1TheChangingWorldTopic1Chinahasdevelopedrapidlyinrecentyeai's.1takeplace發(fā)生eg:Greatchangeshavetankenplaceinmyhometown..ThoughIhadnotimetotravel,Istillfeltveryhappythisholiday!盡管我沒時間去旅游,但這個假期我仍然感到很愉快。though從屬連詞,用來引導讓步狀語從句,表、、雖然;盡管",不能與but連用。如:Thoughheispoor,heishappy.=Heispoor,butheishappy?盡管他彳艮貧窮,但是他很快樂。.CouldyoupleasetellmesomethingaboutChineseteenagers?請告訴我一些有關中國青少年的ー些事情好嗎?Could/Wouldyouplease(not)dosth?請(不)做某事好嗎?eg:Couldyoupleaseturndownyourradio?請把收音機聲音調低好嗎?Wouldyoupleasenotplayfootballhere?請不要在這兒踢球好嗎?.Parentscouldntaffordeducationfortheirchildren.父母供不起孩子上學。afford常與can,could或beableto連用,尤其用于否定句或疑問句,表''負擔得起(做)某事;抽得出(時間)"''(cant/couldnzt)afford(todo)sth."eg:Wecan'tafford(tobuy)thishousebecausewedon'thaveenoughmoney.我們買不這房了,因為我們沒有足夠的錢。eg:Hefelthecouldn'taffordanytimetop山y(tǒng)football.他覺得自己沒有時間踢球了。5.Ourgovernmentgivessupporttopoorfamilies.我們的政府能為貧困家庭提供幫助。givesupporttosb.=givesb.support為某人提供幫助/支持support作動詞時表、供養(yǎng);支持;支撐”，eg:Shehadtosupportherfamilyattheageoften.她十歲時就得養(yǎng)家。Hisparentssupportedhiminhisdecision.他的父母支持他的決定。Thetwostickssupportthetree.兩根木棍支撐著這棵樹。WhynotgoandsearchtheInternetforsomeinformation?為什么不上網查找相關信息呢?searchsp.forsth,搜查某地尋找某物 searchsb.forsth.搜身查找某物searchforsth./sb.=lookforsth./sb,搜尋某物/某人;eg:Thevillagerssearchedthewoodsforthelostchildren.村民們在樹林里尋找失蹤的孩子們。Thepolicesearchedthemanforthestolenmoney.警察搜那個男人的身,查找被偷的錢。Heissearching/lookingforhismissingkeys.他在尋找他丟的鑰匙。Weoftenwenthungrybecausethebossdidn'tgiveusenoughfoodtoeat.我們經常挨餓,因為老板不給我們足夠的食物。在這里是系動詞,表、、變得…”,后跟形容詞,構成系表結構.eg:Thefoodonthetablewentbad,桌面上的食物變壞了.Onepartwasusedtohelpsupportmyfamily,tohelpsendmyelderbrothertoschool.a)onepart...theother(part)…一部分 另一部分 b)elderbrother哥哥elder作形容詞時,是old的比較級,一般表示家庭成員出生的順序,在句中只能作定語,可與than連用;而older表年齡的比較，可與than連用.如:Hiseldersisteristwoolderthanhe.他的姐姐比他大兩歲.作名詞時,表、、長者;前輩;祖先”,如:Theircustomswerehandeddownbytheelders.他們的風俗習慣是由他們的祖先傳下來的.ButChinahasdevelopedr叩idlyinrecentyears,但是近年來,中國發(fā)展迅速.inrecentyears表''近年來",常與完成時連用.如:Shehaslearntalotofknowledgeinrecentyears.近年來,她學到了許多知識.Chinahasmadesuchrapidprogress.中國已經取得如此迅速的進步。progress為不可數名詞makeprogress取得進步makesome/much/greatprogress取得一些/許多/巨大的進步WhathashappenedtoBeijing'sroadsnow?現在北京的公路發(fā)生了什么變化?sth.happentosb.某人發(fā)生了某事,如:eg:Ifanythinghappenstohim,letmeknow.萬一他有什么不測,就請通知我。Alittleaccidenthappenedtoheryesterday,昨天她發(fā)生了點小意外。TheyexpresstherichcultureofChinaaswell.他們也表達了豐富的中國文化。aswell,too,also均表、、也;又";aswell多用于口語,只用于句末,不用逗號隔XX;too多用于ロ語,用于句末,要用逗號隔xx;also較正式,不用于句末;either用于否定句,表也不",與too對應。eg:Helikessportsaswell.=Helikessports,too.=Healsolikessports.他也喜歡運動。Hedidn'tcome,either.他也沒來。keepintouchwith和...イ勒寺聯系eg:Nowadays,wekeepintouchwitheachotherbysendinge-mails.復習現在完成時Topic2Whathashappenedtothepopulation?Ireallyhatetogosuchaplace.我真討厭去購物。-SodoI?我也是。SodoI.為倒裝句,表示前面提到的肯定情況也同樣適合另タ!'-個主體,表''某某也ー樣",結構為、、s。+be/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞+主語"。eg:Jimisastudent,soisTom.吉姆是一名學生,湯姆也是。Jimcanswim,socanTom.吉姆會游泳,湯姆也會。Jimlikessports,sodoesTom.吉姆喜歡運動,湯姆也喜歡。如表前面不怎樣,后面A、也不"怎樣時,其結構為、'neither/nor+be/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞+主語”。eg:Jimwasn'tChinese,neither/norwerethey,吉姆不中國人,他們也不是。Jimcan'tspeakJapanese,neithercanI,吉姆不會說日語，我也不會。Jimdidn'tgothere,neitherdidI.吉姆沒去那兒，我也沒去。如前后兩句表達的是同一個主體,則不能倒裝,表、、的確如此"。如:eg:Jimisagoodstudent.Soheis,吉姆是一名好學生,的確如此。Jimswimswell.Sohedoes.吉姆游泳很好,的確如此。.Atthattime,Chinawasthecountrywiththelargestpopulationintheworld.那時,中國是世界上人口最多的國家。population為不可數名詞,表示人口的多少只能用''large"或、'small”修飾,提問人口用''what",如:eg:ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing.上海的人口比北京多。What'sthepopulationofChina?=HowmanypeoplearethereinChina?中國的人口有多少?GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.中國發(fā)生了巨大變化。takeplace指必然性的、'發(fā)生"或有計劃、安排之內的''舉行"。如:eg:ThemeetingwilltakeplacenextFriday.會議將在下周五舉行。happen指偶然的、沒有預料的、、發(fā)生、',其結果往往給人帶來不幸或麻煩。如:eg:Theaccidenthappenedyesterday.事故發(fā)生在昨天?！鶅烧叨疾挥糜诒粍诱Z態(tài)。Thepopulationhasincreasedalot.人口增長發(fā)很多。increase可作及物動詞也可作不及物動詞。其含義是''增長,增加,加強"等。increaseby...指''增加了 "；increaseto...指''增加到 ”...andaboutonefifthofthepeopleintheworldliveinChina.而且世界上大約五分之一的人口生活在中國。onefifth是分數表達法。英文分數表達法：分子為基數詞，分母為序數詞，先讀分子后讀分母。當分子大于1時，分母的序數詞則變?yōu)閺蛿?直接在詞尾加''s"。eg:onefourth四分之一;threefourths四分之三;onesecond二分之一;twothirds三分之二注：分數修飾名詞作主語,謂語動詞要和所修飾的名詞保持一致..IthasworkedwellincontrollingChina'spopulation.它在控制人口數量方面取得了顯著的功效。workwellindoingsth.表''在 方面很有功效"，eg:Doingeyeexercisesworkswellinprotectingoureyesight.（視カ）做眼保^操在保護視カ方面很有功效。Becauseofourlargepopulation,weareshortofenergyandwater.beshortof...表、、缺乏......”eg:Sheisalwaysshortofmoneyattheendofeverymonth.每個月底她總是缺錢。beshortfor...表'是......的縮寫”，eg:TVisshortfortelevision.TV是television的縮寫形式.CanallChinesefamiliesoffertheirchildrenagoodeducation?所有的中國家庭都能給他們的的孩子提供良好的教育嗎?offer表''（主動）給予,提供"offersb.sth.''提供某人某物像口:Iofferedhimaglassofwine.我敬了他一杯酒。offertodosth.''（主動）提出做某事"如:Sheofferedtocookforhermother?她提出幫她媽媽煮飯。bestrictwith對...要求嚴格eg:Ourteachersarestrictwithus.can'tgoshoppinginbigstoresunlessItravelforacoupleofhours.我得花幾個小時,才能到大的商場購物。unless=ifnot表''除非...;如果不",引導條件狀語從句。eg:Iwon'tgounlessIhearfromyou.=Iwon'tgoifIdon'thearfromyou.如果イ爾不通知我,我就不去。UnlessBillstudieshard,he'llfailintheexam.如果比爾不努力,他不會通過考試的.acoupleof...表、、幾個人或幾件事”，eg:acoupleofyearsago幾年前;acoupleofstudents幾個學生couple指任何兩件同類的東西;如:acoupleofwatches兩只手表;fivecouplesofcats五ヌ寸ネ苗pair指兩件不可分xx使用的東西,它們可指兩件互不相連的東西（鞋子、襪子等）,也可指兩部分構成的一件東西（褲子、剪刀等）。如:apairofshoes一雙鞋子apairofpants一條褲子lO.on/about關于on:關于（學術性較強）eg:Heiswritingabookonmedicine.about:Heistellingusastoryaboutheroes..takemeasures采取措施Eg:Chinahastakemeasurestoreducethepollution.四、重點語法現在完成時常與下列表不明確的狀語連用:.already和yetalready'、已經"（多用于肯定陳述句）,如：Hehasalreadygonehome.他已經回家了。yet'、已經；還”（用于否定句或疑問句）,如：Haveyoufoundhimyet?你已經找到他了嗎?Ihaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet,我還沒完成作業(yè)。Xalready也可用于疑問句,表"出乎意料或驚奇"Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkalready?難道你已經完成作業(yè)了?.ever和neverever、、曾經"（多用于疑問句,問初次經歷）,如:Ihaveeverbeenabroad.我曾出過國。never'、從未;從來不"（多用于否定陳述句）,?；卮餰ver的句型。如:Ihaveneverseenhimbefore.-Hasheeverbeenabroad?他曾出過國嗎?--No,never.不,從來不。.justjust'、剛剛"（多用于肯定句,位于謂語動詞之前）,如:Ihavejusttriedtocallyou.我剛剛打電話給你。.beforebefore''之前"（一般位于句末;常與never呼應），如：Hesayshehasneverseensuchbeautifulscenerybefore.他說他以前從來沒看過這么美的風景。Topic3Theworldhaschangedforthebetter.Well,oncetheyfindpeopleinneed,theydecideonsuitablewaystohelpthem.他們一旦發(fā)現有人需要幫助,就選定適當的方式來幫助他們。once是從屬連詞,表''一旦......就......"，它的從句為現在時態(tài)（包括一般現在時、現在逬行時、現在完成時）,主句則為一般將來時。或者主從句均為過去的某種時態(tài)。eg:Onceyoubecomeinterestedinplayingcomputergames,youllhavetroublegivingthemup.一旦你迷上了電腦游戲,你就很難放棄它。decideon(doing)sth.決定(做)某事,相當于decidetodosth.eg:TheydecidedonspendingtheholidayinHainan,他們決定在海南度假。=TheydecidedtospendtheholidayinHainan.Thegovernmentprovideshomelesspeoplewithnicehomes.政府向尢家可歸的人們提供舒適的住處。providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.提供給某人某物eg:Theschoolprovidedthestudentswithfood.這所學校為學生們提供食物。=Theschoolprovidedfoodforthestudents.3.1thinkit'sawonderfulplacetolivein.我認為那是ー個居住的好地方。tolivein是動詞不定式,用來修飾前面的名詞place.在不定式中,如動詞為不及物動詞,或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等,不定式后必須跟上相應的介詞。eg:Thereisnothingtoworryabout.沒有什么可擔心的事。Ineedapentowritewith,我需要ー只筆寫字。.Itisfamousbecauseithasbeensosuccessfulinhelpinghomelesspeoplereturntonormallives.它很出名是因為它已經成功地幫助無家可歸的人重新過上正常的生活。besuccessfulindoingsth.成?t!地做成某事,相當于succeedindoingsth.如:eg:Hewassuccessfulinpassingtheexam.他成功地通過了考試。TheyweresuccessfulinclimbingMountHuang.他們成功地登上了黃山。.Inthepastsixteenyears,ProjectHopehasraisedabout3billionyuan.在近十六年來,希望工程已籌集了大約30億元。inthepast+若干時間,表、、近若干時間來”,用于現在完成時。eg:Theyhavelearntabout500Englishwordsinthepasttwomonths.近兩個月來,他們已經學習了大約500個英語單詞。.復習直接引語和間接引語和構詞法Unit2SavingtheearthTopic1Ican'tstandtheenvironmenthere.1.1can'tstandtheenvironmenthere.我無法容忍這丿し的環(huán)境。stand表''容忍;忍受",后接名詞、代詞及動名詞做賓語。eg:Ican'tstandthatman,hetalkstoomuch.我忍受不了那個人了,他話太多了。Ican'tstandwaitinganylonger.我再也等不了了。2.Whatdoyoumeanbysth.?某物是什么意思呢?=What'sthemeaningofsth?=Whatdoessth.mean?3.1hopeIcanmovefromheresoon,我希望我能早點從這兒搬走。當主從句主語一致時，常可轉換成不定式短語=Ihopetomovefromheresoon.我希望早點從這兒搬走。.Thereareseveralchemicalfactoriespouringwastewaterintotheriver.有幾座工廠正往河里排放污水。Therebe+sb./sth.+doingsth.表有某人/某物正在做某事。eg:Therearesomebirdssinginginthetree.樹上有些鳥丿し在歌唱。Thereisalittlegirlcryinginthestreet.街上有個小女孩在哭。.stopdoingsth.停止做（正在進行的）事stoptodosth.停下來去做（另一件）事eg:It'slate.Theywillstopworkingand（stop）tohavesupper.很遲了。他們將停下來吃晚飯。Thestudentsstoppedtalkingandtolistentotheteacher.學生們停止說話去聽課。.I'msorryformakingsomuchnoise.很抱歉我弄出這么大的噪音。besorryfordoingsth.表對做過的事感到抱歉 besorrytodosth.表對當前的事感到抱歉eg:I'msorryforwakingyouupyesterday.很抱歉昨天把你弄醒了。I'msorrytotroubleyou.很抱歉打擾你了。I'msorrytohearthat.聽到那個（消息）感到很遺憾。.RecentlyitwasreportedthatmanyteenagersinAmericacanhearnobetterthan65-year-oldpeopled〇,…近來據報道,美國許多青少年的聽力和65歲的老人ー樣差。nobetterthan...表、、同……（幾乎）一樣差;不比……做得好”eg:LucydidnobetterthanLilyintheexam,露西和莉莉考得幾乎一樣糟.=LucyalmostdidasbadlyasLilyintheexam..復習現在完成時中延續(xù)性的動作或狀態(tài)和由for/since引導的一段時間狀語搭配使用。a）''for+時間段"與''since+時間點"都表''一段時間",常用Howlong提問。b）如句中含有非延續(xù)性動詞,則改為相應的延續(xù)性動詞或狀態(tài)。Topic2Howdoespollutionhurttheearth?.ItsaysthatChinahasbecometheworld'slargestproduceranduserofcoal.它（文章）寫到中國已經成為世界上最大的煤炭生產和消費國。sth.+saysthat...此句型中主語是事或物,say表用''文字、數字"說明信息。eg:Itsays''H叩pyNewYear!"onthecard,卡片上寫著''新年快樂!"。Theclocksaysthatitis20:00now,這面鐘顯示現在是20:00。.Asweknow,noneofuslikespollution?眾所周知,沒有人喜歡污染。none與noone的區(qū)別：none''全無"，既可指人也可指物,后常跟of的短語;作主語時,謂語動詞既可用單數也可用復數;noone只指人,后不能跟of的短語;作主語時,謂語動詞只用作單數。eg:Hehasreadnoneofthesebooks.（指物）這些書他一本都沒看過。Noneofmyfriendslike/likesdrawing.（指人）我的朋友們沒有一喜歡畫畫。Nooneishere,沒有一個在這兒。none回答howmany/much的問題;noone回答who的問題。如:A:Howmanystudentscometoschoolbytaxi?B:None.有多少的學生搭出租車來上學?沒有人。A:Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?B:None.瓶子里有多少水?一點兒也沒有.A:Whoisintheroom?B:Noone.誰在房中?沒有人。.Whenitrains,thesoilwillbewashedaway.下雨時,土壤就會被沖走。w川be+過去分詞為一般將來時的被動語形式。eg:Theearthwillbeblownawaybythewind,泥土將會被風刮走。（被動語態(tài)）=Thewindwillblowawaytheearth.風將會把泥土刮走。（主動語態(tài)）.Alotofrichlandhaschangedintodesert,leavingonlysand.許多肥沃的土地已經變成了沙漠,留下的是遍地黃沙。o...=o...把.....（轉）變成...eg:Pleasechange/turnEnglishintoChinese.請把英語變成漢語。Whenthetrafficlightschange/turnintogreen,wecango.當交通燈變成綠色時,我們就可以通行。leavingonlystand現在分詞短語作狀語,表伴隨主動。eg:Thechildrenwentaway,talkingandlaughing.孩子們說著、笑著離xx了。Thegirlislookingforhermother,cryingloudly.這個女孩大聲地哭著在尋找她的母親.6.Treescanstopthewindfromblowingtheearthaway.Theycanalsopreventthesandfrommovingtowardtherichland.樹可以防風固土,也可阻止風沙吹進良田。stop/preventsb./sth.(from)doingsth.阻止/防止某人或某物做某事keepsb./sth.fromdoingsth.阻止/防止某人或某物做某事eg:Treescankeepwaterfromrunningaway.樹可以防止水土流失。ndangerof(doing)sth.處于做某事的危險中eg:Theyareindangeroflosingtheirlives.他們正處于失去生命的危險中。.cutdown砍至!！Eg:Manytreesarecutdowneveryyears.Youmayeithertakeabusorataxi.你們可能搭公車去或者是搭出租車去。either…or…'、要么…要么…并歹!!連詞,連接主語時,根據就近原則選取謂語動詞。eg:Youmaycomeeithertodayortomorrow.你要么今天來,要么明天來。Eitheryouorheisright.要么你對,要么他對。either單獨使用時,是代詞,表'、二者之一"既可指人也可指物;用作主語時,謂語動詞用作單數。如:A:Wouldyoulikecoffeeortea?B:EitherisOK你想要咖啡還是茶?隨便都可以。Eitherofusisright.我們倆中有一人是對的。Topic3Let'sbegreenerpeople..Weshouldusebothsidesofpaper,andreuseplasticbagsratherthanthrowthemaway.我們應該把紙的兩面都使用,將塑料袋再次使用而不是輕易扔掉。both修飾復數名詞;而either修飾單數名詞;eg:Therearealotoftreesonbothsidesoftheroad.=Therearealotoftreesoneithersideoftheroad.在路的兩邊有許多樹。.Everyoneissupposedtodoit.每個人都應該那樣做。besupposedtodosth.指（按規(guī)定、習慣、安排等）應當做某事;相當于should;用于否定句時,表、、允許“；eg:Teachersaresupposedto/shouldknowalot.老師應該知道彳艮多。Youarenotsupposedtosmokehere.這里不允許抽煙。4.First,yououghttoturnoffthelightswhenyouleavearoom,首先,當你離xx房間的時候,應該關燈。oughtto情態(tài)動詞,表、、應該;應當”;語氣比should強;指道義上應該做的事,有時含有責備或督促的語氣。should指主觀上感到有責任或義務去做。如:Yououghttohelpyourmotherdosomehousework.你應該幫你媽媽做些家務。Weshouldstudyhard.我們應該努力學習。其否定式和疑問式:Yououghtn'ttogetupsolateinthemorning.你早晨不應該起這么晩。OughtItotellherthebadnews7我該告訴她壞消息嗎?Yes,youought.No,yououghtnt.Unit3EnglisharoundtheworldTopiclEnglishiswidelyspokenaroundtheworld.1.stickv.粘貼,=putupeg:Youcanstickitonthewallinyourroom.你可以把它貼在你房間的墻上。.can'twaittodosth.迫不急待地想要做某事eg:Ican'twaittoflythere!我迫不急待地想要飛往哪里。又：can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住要做某事，如：Ican'thelplaughing.我忍不住笑了。.haveagoodchancetodosth.有個做某事的好機會eg:You'llhaveagoodchancetopracticingspeakingEnglish.你:|§Wー個練習說英語的好機會。.practicespeakingEnglish練習說英語。有的動詞后再跟動詞時,后面的動詞要用ーing形式,如：practice,finish,enjoy,meind等等。.fromnowon從現在起,意思相當于!ateron后來,過后,將來。eg:Tryyourbestandworkmuchharder（atEnglish）fromnowon.從現在起,盡你最大的努力更努力（得多）地學習（英語）。6.onbusiness出差?eg:Mr.LeeisonbusinessintheU.S.A..7.besimilarto...與…相似eg:IsSpanishsimilartoEnglish?西班牙語和英語會相似嗎?t'spossiblethat...有可能...eg:It'spossiblethatyouwillhavesometrouble.你有可能會遇到一些困難。.asksb.forhelp向某人求助,求助于某人。eg:I'llaskaninterpreterforhelp.我將向翻譯求助。.translateAintoB把A翻譯成B,eg:TheinterpretertranslatesEnglishintoChinese.這位翻譯把英語翻譯成中國語。ingeneral一般來說.havetrouble(in)doingsth,在做某事方面有困難。eg:Ingeneral,hehasnotroubleunderstandingpeople.一般說來,他聽懂另リ人的說話是沒有困難的。.What'smore還有onceinawhile有時,偶爾,相當于attimes或sometimes.whenever=nomatterwhentopic2Englishisspokendifferentlyindifferentcountrieso.follow=understand聽懂,理解,明白,eg:Ican*tfollowyou.?Canyouspeakmoreslowly,please?bethesameas??與…相同,eg:IsAustralianEnglishthesamesaBritishEnglish?澳大利亞英語和英國英語是相同的嗎?I'mflyingtoDisneylandtomorrow.?明天我要飛往迪斯尼樂園.注:此句中amflying是表示一般將來時.???英語中,??"位移動詞"或稱"趨向動詞"?可以用現在進行時的結構表示將來發(fā)生的動作,這類動詞有"leave","leavefor","leave...for...","come,""fly...","return","arrive","go",?"start"（出發(fā)），等等,如:？I'mgoing我要走了.?？I'mcoming!我就來!？Myuncleismeetingustomorrow.dependon?依靠;取決于;依...而定，如：Sometimesthemeaningcanchange,dependingonthecountrywhereitisspoken.5.succeedindoingsth,成功地做某事，eg:fyouwanttosucceedinmakingyourselfunderstood,youneedtoknowsomeofthesedifferences.如果你想成功地表達自己的意思，你就需要了解一些這種不同點.onone'swayto+地名，在去某地的路上（后接副詞時不用to）?.?eg:Lucyisonherwaytoschool.露西在回家的路上.?？Tomisonhiswayhome.湯姆在回家路上.???？［要區(qū)別于Bytheway順便問/說一下;？inthisway用這種方法］seesb.off為某人送行，eg:KangkangandMichael?goingtotheairportto?seethemoff.康康和邁克爾要去機場為他們送行.putout伸出eg:Michaelseesaforeignerputtingouthishandwithhisthumbraised.邁克爾看見一個外國人伸出他的手,拇指朝上.[還要掌握seesb.doingsth.看見某人正在做某事?seesb.dosth.看見某人做某事,以及withhisthumbraised作伴隨狀語.]askforaride請求搭車,Theforeignerisaskingforaride.這個外國人在請求搭車.beworriedabout...為...擔心eg:I'mstillworriedaboutmyEnglish.我還在為我的英語擔心.asfor...?至于?,關于某人/某事eg:Asforthespellingdifferences,youcaneasilyfindthemwhenyouuseacomputer.??????havedifficultydoingsth,做某事有困難注:difficulty作"困難,艱難,費勁,辛苦灘度"解時為un作"難題灘事灘處，困境,危難"時,為cneg:Wehavedifficultiesunderstandingforeignersbeclosedto...?靠近...，TheDisneylandisclosetoLosAngeles.?迪斯尼樂園離洛杉磯很近。inperson親自eg:HehelpedherwithherEnglishinperson.befondof...?喜愛...eg:ChildrenarefondofexcitingrideslikePiratesoftheCeabout發(fā)生eg:Howdidthesedifferencescomeabout?這些差別是如何發(fā)生的?Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcameabout?beforcedtodosth.被迫做某事eg:IwasforcedtotakeataxibecauseIcouldn'tcatchthelastbus.?因為沒有趕上末班車,只好坐出租車.takein吸收,如:TheEnglishlanguagehastakeninmanynewwordsfromotherlanguages.Topic3CouldyougiveussomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell?makesbunderstood 人被理解Eg:Hesayitslowlytomakehimunderstoodworkhardat努力...eg:HeworkedhardatEnglishandatlasthepassedthefinalexam.advise建議（后接todo或V-ing）eg:Iadviseswaitingtillthepropertime.Iadviseyoutoleavenow.stickto堅持（to是介詞,后接名詞或V-ing）Eg:Ifyousticktothetruth,youhavenothingtofear.Hestickstohavingatalkwithhisteacher.Laughat嘲笑Eg:Don'etorealize明白eg:Aftertalkingtohisteacher,hehavecometorealizehisteacherisalwayscaringforhim.inorderto為了（后接動詞原形）eg:Hegetsupearlyinordertocatchthefisrtbus.giveup放棄eg:Ialwaysadvisemyfathertogiveupsmoking.復習動詞不定式的用法。Unit4AmazingScienceTopic1Spaceshiparemainlycontrolledbycomputers.1.dreamof夢想Eg:Idreamofstudyinginauniversity.2.send寄,送Eg:Iwillsendagifttomymotheronherbirthday.=1willsendmymotheragiftonherbirthday.相關的短語:~for派人去請~off送行~out發(fā)出（光、熱）;長（葉子）~up發(fā)射.nodoubt毫無疑問Eg:Thereisnodoubtheisakindman..thanksto多虧eg:Thankstothebadweatherwedonzthavetodomorningexercise..turnon打xxturnoff關掉turnup調高turndown調低Topic2Whenwasitinvented?1.BecauseI'mnotallowedtoplaycomputergames.因為我不可以玩電腦游戲。allow'、允許、準許”的意思。常用于以下幾種形式:allow+n./prep如:Wecan'tallowsuchathing.我們不容許這種事情發(fā)生。allowsb.todosth允許某人做某事如:Sheallowedmetogofishing.她允許我去釣魚。allow+doingsth允許做某事如:Wedon'tallowsmokinginthereading-room.我們不允許在閱覽室吸煙。beallowedtodosth如:被允許做某事Thestudentsareallowedtoplaygamesontheplaygroundafterschool.放學后學生們被準許在操場上做游戲。t'smadefromwood.它用木材做的。bemadein在......地方制造,后接表示地點的名詞。bemadeof用......制造的,表示原材料未經化學變化,仍可看得出原材料.bemadefrom用......制造的,表示原材料經過化學變化,已看不出其原樣。bemadeby由(被)......(人)制作,后接表示人的名詞或代詞。bemadeinto(某物)被制成……bemadeupof由 組成如:TheTVsetismadeinJapan.這臺電視機是日本生產的。Thesehousesaremadeofstones.這些房子是由石頭建造的。Paperismadefromwood.紙是木頭造的。Wasthiscakemadebyyourmother?這蛋糕是你媽媽做的嗎?Metalcanbemadeintoallkindsofthings.金屬可以制成各種各樣的物品。Themedicalteamismadeupoftendoctors.這支醫(yī)療隊由!0位大夫組成。It'susedforhelpingustoimproveourEnglish.它用來幫助我們提高英語水平。beusedfor+vingbeusedtodo(被)用來做...強調用途或作用(2)beusedas(被)作為......而用,強調被當作工具或手段來用。(3)beusedby被……使用,by后跟人/物,強調使用者。Eg:Pensareusedforwriting.鋼筆被用來寫字。Woodisusedtomakepaper.木材被用來造紙。EnglishisusedasaforeignlanguageinChina.英語在中國被當作外語使用。RecordersareoftenusedbyEnglishteachers.英語老師經常使用錄音機。Theywillnolongerwanttobeourservants,butourmasters.它們將不再愿意做我們的人,而要做我們的主人。nolonger（通常在動詞前），not..anylonger;not..anymore（用于非正式文體中）都可表示、'（過去曾…）現在不再…”eg:Shenolongerliveshere.=Shedoesntlivehereanylonger（或anymore）.她不在這兒住了。（過去她曾住這兒）7.Thismethodworkedwellatnightaslongastheweatherwasgoodandthestarscouldbeseen.在夜間只要天氣晴朗,能看見星星,這種方法就能很好地發(fā)揮作用。workwel!有效eg:China'sone-childpoliceworkswellincontrollingChina'spopulation.aslongas只要eg:Aslongasyouworkhard,youmustsucceedoneday.Topic3Idon'hefuture將來Eg:IthinkpeoplewillliveonMarsinthefuture..Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?你長大后干什么?.atadistanceof以...距離Eg:Themoongoesaroundtheearthatadistanceof38.0000kilometers..landon著陸Eg:Peopletooksomemeasurestomaketheplanelandonsafely..beworthdoing值得...Eg:Thebookisworthreading6.1don'tthinkalienscanbefoundinspace.我認為外星人不可能岀現在太空里。(1)當think,believe,suppose,imagine,expect等動詞后的賓語從句含有not的否定詞時,該否定應移至主句,即否定主句的謂語動詞。如:Idon'tthinkitwillraintomorrow.我認為明天不會下雨。(2)can+be+過去分詞,是情態(tài)動詞構成的被動語態(tài)。如:Thiscan'tbedoneinashorttime.這不是短期內能完成的。IthasbeentwodayssincewelandedonMars.自從我們登上火星以來已經兩天了。it用作主語談論時間,常與since連用。eg:Itis(或hasbeen)threeyearssinceweleftschool.自從我們離xx學校以來已經三年了。What'sworse,ourwatersupplieswereverylow.更糟糕的是,我們的水供給是非常有限的。What,sworse更糟糕的是。類似結構還有:What'smore更有甚者;更為重要的是。It'saquarterasbigastheearth.它是地球的四分之一大。倍數表示法:倍數+as+形容詞/副詞+as如:Thisboxisthreetimesasheavyasthatone.這只箱子是那只箱子的三倍重。Unit5KnowingaboutChinaTopic1HowmuchdoyouknowaboutChina?.Chinaisagreatcountrythathasabout5000yearsofhistory,中國是一個擁有五千多年歷史的大國。句中thathasabout5000yearsofhistory是定語從句,修飾名詞country。country是先行詞,that是關系代詞,在定語從句中作主語,也可以用which..Therearemanyplacesofinterestwhichattractmillionsoftouristsfromallovertheworldeveryyear.ThereareagreatnumberofriversinChina.中國有許多大河..a(great)numberof...許多/大量,后接可數名詞復數,作主語時,謂語用復數;thenumberof 的數量,后接可數名詞復數,作主語時,謂語用單數。e.g.Anumberofbooksarelentoutfromthelibraryeveryday.每天有許多書從圖書館被借走。Thenumberofthestudentspresentisnotknownyet.還不知道出席學生的數目。.Amongthem,theYangtzeRiveristhelongestoneandthesecondlongestistheYellowRiver.其中長江是中國最長的河流,黃河位居第二。句中thelongestone,thesecondlongest，''最長"用最高級,'、第二長’在最高級前加上序數詞second。e.g.ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChinaandBeijingisthesecondbiggestone.上海是中國最大的城市，北京位居第二。.hearof聽說Eg:HaveyouheardoftheromanticstoryThatzsthemostfantasticplacethatIhaveeverheardof,那是我聽說過的最奇妙的地方。Hearfrom收到…的來信(已經含有收信的意思,無需用letter)=receivealetterfrom.loseoneselfin...意為、、沉浸于...”Eg:Thesceneryissoattractivethatvisitorsoftenlosethemselvesinit.如此迷人的景色常常使得游客流連忘返。tseversasabridgewhichconnectsthemainlandwiththerestoftheworld.它(香港)是連接祖國大陸與世界其他地方的橋梁。beconsideredas=beregardedas'、被看作…,被認為…"，而regard...as意為”把…看作,把…認為，as是介詞，后接名詞。Eg:Asweknow,TaiwanisconsideredastheTreasureIslandofChina.臺灣被認為是、'中國寶島"。fetch去取回來eg:Ifyouarethirsty,1canfetchyouabottleofroduce介紹(~sbtosb)eg:BoysandgirlsJetmeintroduceTom,yournewclassmate,toyou.復習定語從句(I)Topic2Confucius,apioneerinthefieldofeducation..Hewasalsoafamousphilosopherwhosewisesayingshaveinfluencedmanypeopleindifferentcountries.他也是一位著名的哲學家,他的至理名言影響了不同國家的許多人。.WhenIwalkalongwithtwoothers,Imaybeabletolearnfromthem,三人行(必有我?guī)?.areproudof人引以為豪的(takepridein)Eg:ChinesepeopleareproudofChina'slonghistory.=Chinatakesprideinherlonghistory..Unfortunately,hediedofillnessonhiswayhomefromAfricain1433.不幸的是,他于1433年在從非洲返回的路途中病故。dieof多指因內因而引起,diefrom多指因外因而引起。Eg:Theoldmandiedofheartdisease.Hediedfromaserioustrafficaccident..bringdown推翻Eg:Afterarevolutionary,theemperorwasbroughtdown.breakdown摧毀1垮下Topic3ThedragonhasbecomeasymboloftheChinesenation..playapartin在…方面起作用Eg:Robotsplaysanimportantpartinmordenmisesb.sth.許諾某人某事promisetodosth,答應做某事promisesb.todosth.答應某人做某事eg:Ipromisedhimapresentforhisbirthday,我答應送他ー件生日禮物。Shepromisedtowritetohim.她答應給他寫信。Fatherpromisedmetobuyanewpairofshoesforme.爸爸許諾給我買一雙新鞋。.WecangotoeitherBeihaiParkorShichahaiPark.either...or或…或...,連接并列主語時,謂語和最近的主語一致,即遵從就近原則。e.g.Eitheryouorhehastogothere.或者是你或者是他得去那兒。.BothmyfatherandIlikeitalot.我和我父親能E常喜歡。both...and...意為、、既…又...,兩者都...”。連接并列主語時,謂語用復數形式.e.g.BothTomandIhavebeentotheGreatWall.湯姆和我曾經去過長城。.Neithermymothernormyfatherlikesit，我的父母都不喜歡。neither...nor…既不…也不…,連接兩個并列成分,謂語動詞和鄰近的主語一致,即遵從就近原則。Eg:NeithershenorIamright.她和我都不對。Heisneitheradoctornorateacher?他既不是醫(yī)生也不是老師。.foundv,成立,建立;創(chuàng)建,創(chuàng)辦Eg:AnewcountrywasfoundedonOctober1st,1949.found的過去式與過去分詞都是foundede.g.Hiselderbrotherfoundedacompanyin2001.他的哥哥200I年創(chuàng)辦了一個公司。注意區(qū)分:findv.'、找到,發(fā)現”,它的過去式與過去分詞是founde.g.Hefoundapurselyingontheground.他發(fā)現地上有一Z?錢包。.Attheendof在...末端Eg:Attheendoftheyear,hepassedaway..復習并列連詞both...and...,either...or...,neither...nor....和notonly...butalso...的用法:Unit6EntertainmentandFriendshipTopic11wouldratherwatchsportsshowsthanthoseones.l.Inmysparetime,IenjoywatchingTV,especiallyquizshowsfromwhichIcanlearnalot.在空閑時間,我喜歡看電視,特別是能從中學到許多東西的智力節(jié)目。在定語從句中,當關系代詞which作介詞的賓語時,即、、介詞+which”結構,介詞可放在which之前,也可放在定語從句中的動詞之后。Eg:Thisisthehouseinwhich印ngXinwasborn.冰心是在這所房子里出生的。=ThisisthehousewhichBingXinwasbornin.wouldratherdosth.thandosth.比起做...更愿意做...Eg:Iwouldratherstayathomethangooutinsuchbadweather.這么糟糕的天氣,我寧愿待在家中,也不愿出去。hitsbonthenose打某人的鼻子（用the而不用his或her）Eg:Hehitthewomanintheface/onthenose.bereadytodosth.內心愿意/樂意做某事Eg:Hewasreadytobelieveher.他愿意相信她。Fromthenon.從那時起 Fromnowon從現在起asymbolof 的象征 =standforEg:TheroseisregardedasasymbolofloveinbothChinaandsomewesterncountries.Peoplethinktherosestandsforlove,peace,courageandfriendship..ordersb.todosth.命令/要求某人去做某事ordersthforsb./sth.為某人/某物訂購某物eg:Thedoctororderedmetostayinbed.醫(yī)生命令我好好呆在床上休息..forgivesb.sth.原諒某人某事forgivesb.fordoingsth.請求別人原諒所做的事eg:Shecouldforgivehimanything.她會原諒他的任何事.Pleaseforgivemefordisturbingyou.請原諒我打擾你了.Topic2Whoisyourfavoritecharacterinliterature?accordingto根據Eg:Accordingtothegivenwords,fillintheblanks,makeupone'smind意為、、下定決心”,后跟動詞不定式。Eg:Hehasmadeuphismindtoworkhardandcatchupwithothers,他已下定決心努力學習趕上別人。can'thelp禁不住+v-ingeg:Sometimeswecan'thelplaughingbecauseofhisfunnybehavior.有時我們因他的有趣行為而禁不住大笑。Topic3Iwillrememberourfriendshipforever.Thisweekendwe'llgraduatefromRen'aiInternationalSchool!本周末我們將從仁愛國際學校畢業(yè)。)graduate作動詞是,表、、畢業(yè)”,相當于!eaveschool,其名詞形式為graduationeg:Hegraduatedin1999.=Heleftschoolin1999.)graduatefrom+學校表、、從某個學校畢業(yè)"graduatein+專業(yè)表、、畢業(yè)于某專業(yè)"eg:HegraduatedfromPekingUniversitylastyear.去年他從北京大學畢業(yè)。HegraduatedinEnglishatafamousUniversity.他畢業(yè)于一所名牌大學的外語專業(yè)。thinkbackon/to'、回想起，追憶"如:eg:WhenIthinkbackon/tothosethings,Imissmyfriendsalot.當我回想起那些事情時,我就非常想念我的朋友。...andwritesomewordsontheblackboardwithcolorchalks.用彩色粉筆在黑板上寫幾句話。chalk''粉筆",不可數名詞,若表示、、ー支粉筆’時(則用apieceofchalk;2)當表示各種顏色的粉筆時,則可數。Tvegotdozensofcards.我準備了許多賀卡。)dozen作可數名詞,意為''(一)打;十二;幾十;許多"Givemeadozen,please.請給我一打。)當和數詞連用后面跟名詞時,dozen不加s,其后也不跟of。eg:twodozeneggs兩打雞蛋)dozen后加s時,常與of連用,意為''幾十;許多”,表不明確的數目。dozensof...幾十hundredsof...幾百;成百上千thousandsof...幾千;成千上萬toone'sjoy使某人高興的是toone'ssurprised使某人驚訝的是eg:Tomyjoy,IbecametheownerofanMP3lastweek.使我高興的是,上周我擁有了自己的MP3。Tooursurprised,Jimdidn'tpasstheexam.令我們驚訝的是,吉姆沒通過考試。takephotosofsb.為某人拍照takephotoswithsb.與某人合影l(fā)eave...behind"忘了帶;遺忘;把......拋在后面"

eg:Itmeanschange,andleavingbehindunforgettablefacesandplaces.它意味著變化,意味著把那些不能忘卻的面容和地方留在記憶深處。Sheknewthatshehadleftchildhoodbehind.她知道童年已一去不復返了。8.seesboff為某人送行Eg:Today,wegotupearlytoseehimoff.Unit1TheChangingWorldTopic1Chinahasdevelopedrapid