Oracle英文版培訓(xùn)課件之Backup and Recovery：Les-01-intro

IntroductionObjectivesAftercompletingthislesson,youshouldbeableto:DescribecourseobjectivesDescribebackupmethodsDescribetheformsofdatarecoveryDescribeOracleRecoveryManagerarchitecturePlanarecoverystrategyPlanabackupstrategybasedonyourrecoverystrategyCourseObjectivesAftercompletingthiscourse,youshouldbeableto:UseOracleRecoveryManager(RMAN)toperformbackupandrecoveryoperationsCreateaduplicatedatabasePerformtablespacepoint-in-timerecoveryCreateandmanageanRMANrecoverycatalogUseOracleSecureBackuptobackupandrestoreOracledatabasesandfile-systemdatatoandfromtapeWhatIsBackupandRecovery?Backupandrecoveryconstitutesthestrategiesandproceduresyouemployto:ProtectyourdatabaseagainstdatalossReconstructyourdatabasefollowingdatalossPerformingBackupandRecoveryOperationsforanOracleDatabaseForperformingbackupandrecoverybasedonphysicalbackups,thefollowingsolutionsareavailable:RecoveryManager:Autilitywithacommand-lineclientandanEnterpriseManagerGUIinterfaceUser-managedbackupandrecovery:AtechniquethatinvolvesusingoperatingsystemcommandstocreatebackupsandusingSQL*PluscommandsforadditionalbackupandrecoveryoperationsUsingOracleRecoveryManagerRMAN:Isacommand-lineclientforadvancedfunctionsHaspowerfulcontrolandscriptinglanguageHasapublishedAPIthatenablesinterfacewithmostpopularbackupsoftwareBacksupdata,control,archivedlog,andserverparameterfilesBacksupfilestodiskortapeEnterpriseManagerusesRecoveryManager(RMAN)toperformbackupandrecoveryoperations.RecoveryManagerComponentsServer

sessionChannelServer

sessionEnterpriseManagerTargetdatabase(controlfilerepository)Recovery

catalogdatabaseAuxiliary

databaseDiskFlashRecovery

AreaChannelChannelMMLOptionsRecovery

Manager

(RMAN)RecoveryManagerComponents(notesonly)UsingOracleSecureBackupOnetooltobackupandrestoreOracledatabasesandfile-systemdatatoandfromtapeIntegratedwithRMANandEnterpriseManagerSupportsOracle9iandOracleDatabase10gOverviewofOracleBackupMethodsBackupstrategies:Whole:AbackupofthecontrolfileandalldatafilesthatbelongtoadatabasePartial:AportionofthedatabaseBackuptypes:Full:Anon-incrementalRMANbackupIncremental:OnlyinformationthathaschangedsincesomepreviousbackupBackupsmodes:Offline:Consistent,alsoreferredtoascoldbackupOnline:Inconsistent,alsoreferredtoashotbackupOverviewofOracleBackupMethods(notesonly)WhenDoYouNeedtoUseaBackupforRecovery?Theuseofabackuptoperformrecoveryisoftenrequiredforthefollowingtypesoferrors:Mediafailure:ThefailureofareadorwriteofadatabasefileduetoaphysicalproblemwiththefileUsererrors:DatainyourdatabaseischangedordeletedincorrectlyRespondingtoUserErrorPossibleresponsestousererrorinclude:Reenteringthelostdatamanually,ifarecordofthechangesexistsImportingthedroppedobject,ifasuitableexportfileexistsortheobjectisstillavailableonastandbydatabasePerformingtablespacepoint-in-timerecovery(TSPITR)ofoneormoretablespacesReturningthedatabasetoapaststateusingdatabasepoint-in-timerecoveryUsingoneoftheOracleFlashbackfeaturestorecoverfromlogicalcorruptionbyreturningaffectedobjectstoapaststateOverviewofDataRecoveryCrashrecovery:AutomaticrecoveryafterinstancefailureMediarecovery:Recoveryofcurrentdatafiles,controlfilesCompleterecovery:RecoveryofthedatabasetothemostrecentpointintimeIncompleterecovery(point-in-timerecovery):Recoveryofthedatabasetoitsstateataspecifictimeorsystemchangenumber(SCN)OracleDatabaseArchitecture:CrashRecoveryTheonlineredologfilesareusedtorollthedatabaseforward.Uncommittedchangesarerolledback.DatabaseattimeofinstancefailureDatabasewithcommittedanduncommittedtransactionsOnlineredologfilesUndoblocksDatabasewithcommittedtransactionsonlyOracleDatabaseArchitecture:RecoveryAfterMediaFailureDatafilesarerestoredfromabackup.Archivedandonlineredologfilesareusedtorollthedatabaseforward.DatabasewithrestoreddatafilesDatabasewithcommittedanduncommittedtransactionsOnlineandarchivedredologfilesUndoblocksRecovereddatabaseDevelopingaBackupandRecoveryStrategyforYourOracleDatabaseAssessservice-levelcriteria,including:DataavailabilityrequirementsDatacriticalityRecoverypointandtimeobjectivesAnticipatetheerrorsthatwillariseinyourenvironmentandputinplacethebackupproceduresneededtorecoverfromthoseerrors.OracleSolutionsforHighAvailabilityInadditiontobackupandrecoverystrategiesandprocedures,considerthefollowingOraclesolutions:OracleDataGuard:Providesacomprehensivesetofservicesthatcreate,maintain,manage,andmonitoroneormorestandbydatabasesOracleRealApplicationClusters(RAC):EnablesaccesstoasingledatabasefrommultiplesinstancesOracleStreams:Enablesthepropagationandmanagementofdata,transactions,andeventsinadatastreamLogMiner:EnablesyoutoqueryredologfilesthroughaSQLinterfacetoprovidedatarecoveryOracleHighAvailabilitySolutionsfor

UnplannedDowntimeComputerfailure:Fast-startfaultrecovery,RealApplicationClusters(RAC),DataGuard,OracleStreamsStoragefailure:AutomaticStorageManagement(ASM),RMANwithF