新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力4原文整理版

1.III.ListeningInTask1:Softanswersturnawaywrath.Mary:Dam!You'respilledredwineonme.Mynewdressisruined.John:I'mterriblesorry!WhatcanIdotohelp?Here'ssomewatertowashitoff.Mary:Stopsplashingwateronme!Oh,thisissoembarrassing!I'mamess.John:Well,youdolookalittleupset.Pleasedon'tblowup.Don'tloseyourcool.Mary:Hmm,you'vegotthenervetalkinglikethat!Whoshouldn'tflyoffthehandle?Thisdresscostafortune.John:Youlookreallycutewhenyou'remad.Ikidyounot.Somepeopledolookattractivewhentheyareinarage.Mary:Thisisveryexpensivedress.Isavedformonthstobuyit,andnowit'sruined.Lookatthisstain!John:Accidentsdohappen.Givemeyourdress,andI'11takeittothecleaners.Mary:Sure!Youwantmetotakeitoffrighthereinpublicandgiveittoyou?Idon'tevenknowyou!John:Thismightbeareallygooftimetogetacquainted.I'mJohnOwen.Mary:Mmm,atleastyou'repolite.IguessIreallyshouldn'thaveflaredup.Afterall,itwasanaccident.I'mMaryHarvey.John:Comeon.I'11takeyouhome.Youcanchangeyourclothes,andI'11getthedresscleanedforyou.Mary:Nowyou'retalking.Thanks.You'rearealgentleman.John:You'dbetterbelieveit.I'mgladtoseethatyou'vecooleddown.Feellookabitetoeatafterward?I'mstarving.Mary:Ok.You'reprettygood.I'mnotnearlyasmad.Ifyoucangetthisstainout,I'11beveryhappy.John:I'11trymybest.ButifIcan'tgetthestainout,pleasedon'tletyourhappinessturntowrath.Task2:BigJohniscoming!ScriptAbarownerintheOldWesthasjusthiredatimidbartender.This(SI)owneroftheestablishmentisgivinghisnewhiresomeinstructionson(S2)runningtheplace.Hetellsthetimidman,"IfyoueverhearthatBigJohniscoiningtotown,(S3)dropeverythingandrunforthehills!He'sthebiggest,nastiest(S4)outlawwho'severlived!"Afewweekspass(S5)uneventfully.Butoneafternoon,alocalcowhandcomesrunningthroughtown(S6)yelling,“BigJohniscoming!Runforyour(S7)lives!"Whenthebartenderleavesthebartostartrunning,heisknockedtothegroundbyseveraltownspeoplerushingoutoftown.(S8)Ashe'spickinghimselfup,heseesalargeman,almostsevenfeettall.He'smuscular,andisgrowingasheapproachesthebar.Hestepsuptothedoor,ordersthepoorbarkeepinside,anddemands,"IwantabeerNOW!"Hestrikeshisheavyfistonthebar,splittingitinhalf.(S9)Thebartendernervouslyhandsthebigmanabeer,handsshaking.Hetakesthebeer,bitesthetopofthebottleoff,anddownsthebeerinonegulp.Astheterrifiedbartenderhidesbehindthebar,thebigmangetsuptoleave,"Doyouwantanotherbeer?"thebartenderasksinatremblingvoice."Dangit,Idon'thavetime!"thebigmanyells,(S10)"Igottogetoutoftown!Don'tyouhearBigJohniscoming?"Task3:AViewofHappinessScriptDr.Smithhasproposedareasonable,ifperhapssomewhatoversimplifies,viewofhappiness.Accordingtohistheory,happinessmightbedescribedasastateifbalance.Andwhenhumanorcertainanimalsachievethatbalance,theyrendtoremaininthatconditioninordertorepeatthehappyfeeling.Toillustratethis,wemaystudytwomagnets.Whentheirpositiveandnegativepolesmeet,theyarecomfortablyjoined,andtheyremainthere.Inotherwords,theyhaveattainedabalanceorstateofhappiness.Ifontheotherhand,oneofthepolesisreversed,andpositivepoleispressesagainstpositivepole,thereisresistance,instability,imbalanceastateofunhappiness.Animalswithsomedegreeofintelligenceseemtofindhappinessinreinforcement.Oncetheyhavegainedoneormoreoftheirgoalssuchasfood,andwater,theylearntorepeattheactionsthatledtosatisfactionofthosegoals.Thisrepetitionorreinforcementproducesastateofbalanceorsenseofhappiness.Accordingtothistheory,onlyanimalswithasignificantcapacitytolearnshouldbeabletoexperiencehappiness.Butintruthlearningcantakeplacethroughsurprisinglysimpleshort-termactionsuchasscratchinganitch,followedbypleasure,followedbymorescratching,andsoon.Thuslearningcanoccurwithalmostnoconsciousthought.Forhumanbeings,blessedwiththeabilitytoreason,goalsarenotlimitedtotheshort-termsatisfactionofneeds.Indeed,thereisastronglinkbetweenhappinessandthefulfillmentoflong-termgoals.Evenifhumanstriveforgoalsthataremorecomplexandlonger-termthantheanimals'goals,oncethosegoalsaregained,happinessisreinforced.VI.FurtherListeningandSpeakingTaskl:ReasonandEmotionScriptEmotionissometimesregardedastheoppositeofreason;sissuggestedbyphrasesuchas"appealtoemotionsratherthanreason"and"don'tletyouremotionstakeover".Emotionalreactionssometimesproduceconsequencesorthoughtswhichpeoplemaylaterregretordisagreewith;butduringanemotionalstate,theycouldnotcontroltheiractions.Thus,itisgenerallybelievedthatoneofthemostdistinctivefactsabouthumanbeingsisacontradictionbetweenemotionandreason.However,recentempiricalstudiesdonotsuggestthereisacleardistinctionbetweenreasonandemotion.Indeed,angerorfearcanoftenbethoughtofasaninstinctiveresponsetoobservedfact.Thehumanmindpossessesmanypossiblereactionstotheexternalworld.Thosereactionscanlieonacontinuum,withsomeoftheminvolvingtheextremeofpureintellectuallogic,whichisoftencalled"cold",andothersinvolvingtheextremesofpureemotionnotrelatedtologicalagreement,whichiscalled"theheatofpassion".Therelationlogicandemotionmeritscarefulstudy.Passion,emotion,orfeelingcanreinforceanargument,eventonebasedprimarilyonreason.Thisisespeciallytrueinreligionorideology,whichfrequentlydemandsanall-or-nothingrejectionoracceptance.Insuchareasofthought,humanbeingshavetoadoptacomprehensiveviewpartlybackedbyempiricalargumentandpartlybyfeelingandpassion.Moreover,severalresearchershavesuggestedthattypicallythereisno"pure"decisionorthought;thatis,nothoughtisbased"purely""onintellectuallogicor"purely"onemotion-mostdecisionsarefoundedonamixtureofboth.Task2:DepressionScriptPat:Youlookdepressed.Areyoufeelingblue?I'vecometocheeryouup.Ted:Buttheresnothingthatcancheermeup.Imdowninthedumps.Life'smiserablePat:Youhavetotrytogetyourmindoffthings.Ted:ButIcan't.Ijustfeelthere'stoomuchpressureonmesometimes!Pat:Youcan'tletthingsgetyoudown.Learntorelaxandstopworryingallthetime.What'syourproblem?Ted:Ifailedmylastexam,andanotherexamiscoming,Igetbored.Pat:IfIwereyou,I'dstartworkinghard.Ifyouworkhardforalongtime,you'reboundtogetbettergrades.Yousee,“nopain,nogain".Ted:It'seasiersaidthandone!IfIreadforfifteenminutes,Igetbored.Pat:Youhavetolearnsomeself-discipline.ButhowcanIstaycheerfulallthetime?Ted:Worsethanthat!IfIreadforhalfanhour,Igetaheadache.ThenIstarttoworryaboutpassingthenextexam.Pat:It'sallinyourmind.Ifyoustaycheerfullikeme,everythingwillsoonbeOK.Ted:ButhowcanIstaycheerfulallthetime?Pat:Trytolookonthebrightsideofthings.Ted:Butwhatifthereisn'tabrightside?Pat:Youknowthesaying:Everycloudhasasilverlining.Itmeansthere'realwaystowsidestoeverything-boththedarkandthebrightsides.So,trytoidentifyyourstrengthsandbringthenintofullplay.Ted:Oh,no!Yourcornyoldsayingsaremakingmeevenmoredepressed.Task3:AngerScriptAngerisanemotionthatcanbehardtocontrol.Despitethis,weshouldlearnhowtomanageangerinaconstructivemanner.Inthemostintensemomentsofanger,weusuallyhavetwochoices:tofightortorun.Somechoosetheoptionofviolence,whichisanegativereactiontoanger;andotherschoosetorun.Somemaythinkrunningmeansyouareacoward.Buttheoptionofwalkingawayandclaimingdownisthemoreproductivemethodofhandlinganger.Itisdifficulttowalkaway,especiallywhenyourheartisracing,andyourangerisboilingover.Thereareconstructivewaysofhandlingangerinanysituation.First,youhavetostopforabriefmomentandthinkbeforeyouact.Takethatmomentandcalmdownidyoufeelyourselfbeingpushed.Atthatmomentyoushouldadmityouareangry.Ifyourefusetoadmityou'reangryorhurt,orifyoumakeitappearthateverythingispeachesandcream,youarenotmanagingangryinaproductiveway.Youshouldfirstadmityouareangryandletyourfeelingsoutbeforeyoublowup.Foeexample,youcanstayinaquietplacebyyourselfandshout;oryoucantalktoaclosefriendtoventyourrage.Ifyoudonotacknowledgeyouranger,itonlybuildsupinsideyouandwilleventuallyexplodelikeavolcanoThen,inordertomanageyourangry,youcanaskyourselfanimportantquestionthatweallmustaskourselves,“Whatmademeangry?”Whenyougettheanswer,andthenaskyourself,“Whydidthatmademeangry?”Throughsuchlogicalreasoning,onetendstocalmdownandmovetowardasensiblesolution2.III.ListeningInTask1:AFriendlyStylistStylist:Morning,sir.Thischair,please.WhatcanIdoforyou?Nick:Asimplehaircut:shortonthebackandsides.Stylist:Verygood.Ican,ofcourse,dosomethingfashionableforonly$60.Nick:60dollars!That'shighwayrobbery一twicewhatIordinarilypay.Stylist:Perhaps,sir.Butyourhaircutshaven'tbeeninharmonywithyourcharacter.Yourhairisatwarwithyoursoul.Nick:I'veneverheardofsuchathing.Stylist:IfImaysay,I'manexpertatmatchinghairstyletopersonalities.Believeme;you'resufferinga"disjunction".Nick:Adisjunction?Whatthedevilisadisjunction?Stylist:Yourhairdoesnotmatchyou.Nick:Thisisutternonsense.However,I'dliketohearhowyou'dsolvethisso-calledproblem.Stylist:Yourcharacterisartistic,imaginative.Butyourhairisdull.Icancorrectthatimbalanceinseconds.Nick:Okay,letmeseewhatcanyoudoaboutthe???uh???disjunction,asyoucallit.Stylist:We'regoingtousescissorstocreatepeaks,whichwe'11keepinplacewithaliberalhelpingofgel-.Thistuftinthebackwe'11braidintoapigtail.Now,it'sthenewyou!Nick:Iloveit.It'sjustlikeme:imaginativeandartistic.Nowwhatareyoudoing?What'swrong?Don'tyouseeharmonyinmynewhairstyle?Stylist:Something'spreventingyourhairstylefrombeingatruefashionablestatement.Nick:Forheaven'ssake,tellmewhat'smissing.Stylist:Streaks.Byputtinginafewyellowstreaksinyourhair,itwillbecomeaworkofart.Streakingwillcostyoumore,but***Nick:Doit.Forgetthecost.But,bytheway,whatisthetotalgettingtobe?HowmuchamIpayingtoavoiddisjunction?Stylist:That's***$135.Sir?Sir,areyouallright?Oh,hefainted.Task2:TheVoiceLiftScriptAftertheface-lift,theforeheadtightened,andthe(SI)nosejob,somethingstillmightberevealingyourage:your(S2)voice.Forpatientswhothinktheirtrembly,hoarsewordsdon't(S3)matchtheirnewlyfaceandfigure,there'saprocedurethatclaimstomakethem(S4)soundyoungertoo:thevoicelift.Therearetwogeneralkindsofvoicelifts.Insomecases,implants(S5)insertedthroughanincisioninthe(S6)neckbringthevocalcordsclosertogether.Doctorsalsouseinjectionsof(S7)fatorothersubstancestoplumpupthecords,sothatthevoicesoundsyounger.(S8)Thevoiceliftisbecomingmorewidelyknownamonganagingpopulation,whotrytomakethemselvessoundyounger.“Ispeakinagreatdeal,orIwasshouting,onaparticularday,attheendoftheday,Iwouldfeelexhausted,"saidRobertBrown,75,(S9)aretiredconstructionengineerwhounderwentthevoiceliftseveralyearsago,"Idon'tknowifIsoundyounger,butthehoarsenessisgone,whichissuchagreatimprovement."(S10)Voiceliftcanalsobenefitpeoplelikeperformers,lawyers,teachers,andtelephoneoperatorswhoneedtohaveastrongvoiceandhopetoshaveyearsoffthesoundoftheirvoice.Task3:AViewofHappinessScriptMenareturningtoplasticsurgeryandcosmeticprocedurestobrightenuptheirappearancesatafasterratethanwomen,accordingtoasurveyreleasedonWednesday.Men'suseoffatinjectionstosoftendeepwrinklesleaped47percentlastyearfromthepreviousyear.Women'suseoftheinjectionsfell36percent,accordingtoasurveybytheAmericanAcademyofFacialandPlasticReconstructiveSurgeons.Men'suseofbotoxinjectionstoeliminatefrownlinesrose88percent,whilewomen'sbotoxusefell8percent.Andforsmoothingskin,theuseoflaserresurfacingamongmenrose13percent,thesurveyshowed.Meanwhile,women,suseoflaserresurfacingdropped38percentduringthesametimeperiod.Thenumberofmengettingnosejobsrose47percent,whilethenumberofwomendoingsorose5percent.Typically,menandwomenvisitingplasticsurgeonsforcosmeticreasonswereage40to59.Thestudysaid44percentofmenand57percentofwomentelltheirdoctorthatlookingyoungeristhereasontheyarechoosingcosmeticsurgery.Byabout18percent,menaremorelikelythanwomentosaytheywantfacialcosmeticsurgeryforwork-relatedreasons.ThestudywasconductedbywrittenquestionnairesfromJanuary20toMarch3amongmorethan2,600membersoftheassociation,whofocusontreatmentoftheface,head,andneck.Bycomparison,inthepreviousyear,women'suseofbotoxrose60percentwhilemen'sfell14percent;women'suseoflaserresurfacingrose13percentwhilemen'sfell19percent;women'suseoffatinjectionsfelll7percentandmen'sfell54percent.VI.FurtherListeningandSpeakingTaskl:BeautyContestsandPlasticSurgeriesScriptJulianaBorges,whowasnamed“MissBrazil”earlyonTuesday,hadplasticsurgeryfourtimesandunderwent19smalleroperations.Shewasjustoneofmanycompetitorswhoweredeterminedtoimprovetheirappearancethroughsurgery."Plasticsurgerymakememorebeautifulandgavemeconfidenceinmyselfandtheperfectmeasurementthatwonmethistitle,"saidthebeautyqueeninagreendress,whowasrepresentingBrazil'ssouthernmoststateofRioGrandedoSul.Borges,22,hadliposuctionandhadherchin,nose,andearsworkedon,aswellas,hadherbreastsenlarged.Withthedevelopmentofplasticsurgery,moreandmoreofBrazil'swould-bebeautyqueenarefindingiteasiertoachievetheidealmeasurements.Thesedays,younghopefulsfromtheAmazonjungletobigcitiesinBrazil'ssouthareplanningsurgery.Athirdofthe27finalistsatthebeautycontestwentunderthescalpelafterruleswerechangedinthe1990s.Thenewrulespermitplasticsurgery,coloredcontactlenses,andhairdyeatbeautycontests.TheorganizersoftheMissBrazilcontestsaid,"It'sawaroutthere,andallofthebeautytoolsthatcanbeusedshouldbeused.OthercountrieslikeVenezuelapavedtheway,andBrazilisgoingtohavetousethosetoolsaswellifitwantstocompeteinMissUniversitybeautycontests.”ButBrazil'sloveforplasticsurgeryisnotlimitedtobeautycontests.Mostyoungwomenwhoundergosurgerywanttofindabettermanorahigher-payingjob.Task2:Isittruebeauty?ScriptJohn:TheregoesCamilla.Shelooksgorgeoustoday,doesn'tshe?Herskinisassmoothasababy'sbottom.HerlipsareaperfectCupid'sbow.Shemusthavedozensofadmirers.Becky:Iwonderwhatshelookslikewithoutallmakeup.Shemustoutitwithaspoon.It'slikeamask.Idon'tunderstandwhatmenfindsoattractiveabouther.John:DoIdetectahintofjealousy?Becky:Shehasnothingformetobejealousabout.John:I'11beyoubelieveinthosesayinglike:Beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder.Becky:Truebeautycomesfromwithin.Naturalmaterialsshouldbeenoughtobringitout.John:Butdoyoualwayssticktothoserules?WhenIwentpastyourapartmentlastnight,Isawyouinthekitchenwithsomegreensubstancesmearedallyourface.Becky:Theywerecucumbers.They'renaturalhealersoftheskin.Haven'tyouheardpeoplesayonTVthattheysoftentheskin,wipeouttheroughness,andbuildstrengthandresilience?John:Yeah,yeah,yeah!Theywipeoutlinesandagesigns.Blah,blah,blah!See,Icanevenrecitethatadvertisement.Becky:You'velearnedalot,haven'tyou?John:Sinceyoucankeepyourskinsoyoung-lookingandmaintainyourfiguresowell,youmightaswellaswriteabookonbeautysecrets.Becky:Don'tpullmyleg.Anyway,you'ddowelltotrythecucumbertreatmentonyourself.Putsomecucumbersliceonyourhead.Atleastthey'11keepthatbaldspotfromshiningsobrightly.Task3:ChangingYourHairstyletoImproveYourAppearanceScriptIfyouwanttolookbetter,changingyourhairstylecanbeasimplefix.Ifyou'retryingtoreachaweight-lossgoal,anewhairstyleisaquickandeasywaytofreshenupyourlooks-andboostyourconfidence.Accordingtoapopularhairstylist,clientsoftensay,“Iwanttocutmyhair,butIshouldloseweightfirst."Butthat'snottherightsequence;it'stheotherwayaround.Youshouldknowwhathairstylewillflatteryouthemost,thestylethatwillshowoffyouparticularfeaturetothebestadvantageevenbeforeyoubegintoloseweight.Forexample,manymaywanttofollowatreadandwearlonghair.Butsomemaylookbetterwithshorterhairiftheyhavearoundface."Whenit'stoolong,itcandragyourfacedownandactuallybringattentiontothefeaturesyoudon'twanttoemphasize,"saysGuyRiggio,afamoushairstylistinLosAngeles.Howshortistooshort?Thatdependsthelengthofyourneck.Riggiosays,"Thelongertheneck,theshorteryoucango."Sometopstylistsbelievethatwomenshouldstayclearofbangs.Thickbangsmaybefashionableattimes,buteventhinbangsarehardtowear."Theychangetheshapeofyourface,makingitseemshorter,"saysNewYorkhairstylistO'Connor.Instead,youshouldpullyourhairawayfromyourface.Itwillmakeyourfacelooklonger.Finally,pickastylistwho'sknowledgeableandwhoseopinioncanbetrusted.Thenhavefunwiththenewstyle.3.III.ListeningInTask1:Softanswersturnawaywrath.Son:Hi,mom,whatarewehavingfordinnertonight?Mom:Ihaven'tstartedyet.Why,haveyouanyrequires?Son:Howabouttsunamiforachange-Idon'tknowwhatis,butIheardsomeJapanesepeopleusingthewordonthebustheotherday.Soundslikeafood.Maybeit'ssimilartosushi.Mom:Nonsense.TsunamicomesfromJapanesewordsmeaningharborandwave.Ifwehadatsunami,itwouldbetheotherwayaround,youngman.Son:Why?Whatisit?Mom:Imeanitmayswallowyouup.Atsunamiisanenormousseriesofverypowerfulwaves.Son:Couldyousurfonthem?Thatcouldbecool.Mom:They'renotcool.Theyareverydestructive.Whentheypoundtheshoreofpopulatedareas,theycausetremendousdamage.Theydestroyeverythingintheirpath.Son:Whatcausesthem?Mom:Ithinktheyarecausedbysomesortofshock,likeanearthquake,volcano,orlandsidethatstartsachainreactionintheocean.Son:Dothewavesgettobigthattheycrushbuildings?Mom:Easily.Theycanbedozensofmetershigh.Theytosscarsandhousesaroundasthoughtheywerechildren'stoys.Son:Canyouseethemcoming?Mom:Youcanseethematquiteadistance.Butthere'snotmuchyoucando.Intheopenoceantheymoveatupto800kmperhour,butwhenitreachestheshore,thesystemslowsdownandthewavesgetbigger.Son:Howbig?Mom:Theycanreach30meters.Bigenoughtofinishyouoffinonegulp.Task2:FloodinginHaitiandtheDominicanRepublicScriptThedeathtoocontinuesto(Sl)climbfromlastweek'sfloodinginHaitiandtheDominicanRepublic.TheU.S.AgencyforInternationalDevelopment(S2)reportsthatatleastl,068peoplearedead,1,600are(S3)missing,and25,000areinneedofemergencyfoodandotherformsof(S4)assistance.InDominicanRepublic,414aredeadand274aremissing,allfromthetownofJimani.Akey(S5)factorinthewidespreaddestructionistheextensivedeforestationandthe(S6)presenceofsettlementsalongthefloodplainsofrivers.Thefloodingwasdrivenbyintenserainfall.Alow-pressuresystem(S7)originatinginCentralAmericabroughtexceptionallyheavyrainandthunderstormstoHaitiandtheDominicanRepublicfromMay18to25.(S8)Rainfallexceeded500mm(or19.7inches)alongtheborderareasofHaitiandtheDominicanRepublicduringthatperiod.AtthetownofJimani,DominicanRepublic,250mm(or10inches)ofrainfellinjust24hours,causingtheSolieRivertooverflowitsbanksfromMay24to25.Theheavyrainfallresultedinflashfloodingandextensivedebrisflowedovertheentireregion.Swollenriversanddebriscutoffmanyoftheroadstraversingtheareaalongthebaseofthemountains.(S9)Thismadeitdifficultforhumanitarianreliefworkertorescuestrandedpeopleanddeliverbadly.Nowpeoplewanttoknow:Howoftendofloodsandrelatedlandmassmovementalsocausedlandsidesinafewplaces.(S10)AnalysisofthepastdateshowsthatmajorfloodsintheDominicanRepublicandHaitiarenowanear-annualevent.Since1986,twelvelethaleventshaveoccurredontheisland.Task3:ABlizzardScriptAblizzardisaseverweatherconditioncharacterizedbylowtemperaturesandstrongwinds,greaterthan15milesperhour,bearingagreatamountofsnow.Becausethefactorsforclassifyingwinterstormsarecomplex,therearemanydifferentdefinitionsofwhatablizzardtrulyis.Butitisgenerallyagreedthatinordertobeclassifiedasablizzard,asopposedtomerelyawinterstorm,theweathermustmeetseveralconditions.Thestormmustdecreasevisibilitytoaquarterofamileforthreehoursrunning.Includesnoworiceasprecipitation,andhavewindspeedofatleast32milesperhour,whichmeansForce*7ormoreontheWindScale.Anotherstandard,accordingtoEnvironmentCanada,isthatthewinterstormmusthavewindsof40kilometersperhourormi=ore,plentyofsnow,visibilitylessthan1kilometer,atemperatureoflessthan-25degreesCelsius,andalloftheseconditionsmustlastfor4hoursormore,beforethestormcanproperlybecalledablizzard.Whenalltheseconditionscontinueaftersnowhasstoppedfalling,thestormisreferredtoasagroundblizzard.Anextensiveformofblizzardisawhiteout,whenthedowndrafts,togetherwithsnowfall,becomesoseverthatitisimpossibletodistinguishthegroundfromtheair.Peoplecaughtinawhiteoutcanquicklybecomedisoriented,losingtheirsenseofupanddownaswellastheirsenseofdirection.Severeblizzardcanalsooccuralongwitharcticcyclones.VI.FurtherListeningandSpeakingTaskl:DescriptionofaTsunamiScriptAstrangehissingnoisefilledtheair,saidwitnessestothedisaster,andthatwasfollowedbyanear-shatteringroar.Racingtowardtheshoreatspeedof450kilometersperhourwasavastblackwallofwatermorethan20metershigh.Forsunbathersonthebeachesanddinersatoutdoorbeachfrontcafestherewasnoescape.Alongwithfishingboats,automobiles,trams,trains,early-morningshoppersandbeachbungalowstheyweresmashedtothegroundandsweptasfarastwokilometersinlandbytheforceofthetsunamithatcameafteraforce9earthquakedeepundertheseaoffthecoastofSumatra.Manylocalresidents,includingnumerouschildren,rushedontothebeachtopickupfishthrownashorebythefirstgiantwave.Beforetheycouldreturntosafety,asecondpowerfulwavestruckandsweptthemtotheirdeathsatsea.Whentheworstofthewatersfinallyretreatedbackintotheocean,bodieslayeverywhere,andmanyhungfromtrees.Atleast140,000peoplediedinthefloodingaroundtherimoftheIndianOceanandasfarawayasKenyaandSomalia.Stillmissingaremorethanathousandpeople,amongthen200Indonesianfishmen.HundredsoffishingvillageinIndia,Indonesia,SriLankaandThailandarecutofffromsuppliesofcleanwater,foodandmedicines.Reliefeffortsfromacrosstheglobearerushingtowardsthedisasterarea.Whethertheywillbeabletopreventfurtherdeathsfromdiseaseremaintobeseen.Task2:DroughtinSouthAfricaScriptSouthAfricaisheadingforadisasterinthenewyearbecauseofadrought.Thewaterlevelatsomedamshavedroppedbelow20%whilethegroundwatertablehasdroppedbyasmuchs30metersEmergencymeasurehavebeenintroducedensurethatmillionsofpeoplehaveenoughwatertosurvive.Inruralareaswithoutdams,thegovernmenthastosendwaterbytruckandsinknew,deeperwellstoprovidedrinkingwater.Tankedwaterisprovidedabout3.5millionSouthAfricans.Peopleherenormallyusebarely30litersaday,andisimpossibletofurtherlimittheirusage.Thatiswhyagriculturalusehastoberestricted.Morethan100,000farmworkersmightlosetheirjobsifitdoesnotrainsoon.Waterrestrictions,whichhaveanegativeinfluenceontheagriculturalsectorinparticular,havealreadybeenimposedinseveraldistricts.Farmershavebeenforcedtostopirrigatingtheircropstoensurethatenoughwaterisavailablefordomesticuse.Maizefarmersintheeasternpartsofthecountryhavealmostnohopeofplantingtheircropintime.Theyneedrainwithinthenexttwoweekstobeabletostartplanting.Wherefarmersdidsow,theseedlingshavebeenscorchedunderthesun.Anestimated40,000headoflivestockhavediedbecauseofthedryspell.Thousandsofstockfarmerswillhavetoslaughtertheirlivestockonalargescalebecausethereisnograssleft.Thepartssufferingthemostwereruralareaswithoutdams.Ifitdoesnotrain,thepeopletherewillfaceahugecrisis.Task3:BravefiremenScriptAfirestartedonsomegrasslandnearafarminAlberta,Canada.Thefiredepartmentfromthenearbytownwascalledtoputthefireout.Thefireprovedtobemorethanthesmalltownfiredepartmentcouldhandle,sosomeonesuggestedthataruralvolunteerfirecompanybecalled.Sincethecompanywascomposedentirelyofmenover65,therewasdoubtthattheywouldbeofassistance.Butwithnootherhelpavailable,thefarmercalledthefirecompanyaway.Thevolunteerfirecompany,smenarrivedinadilapidatedoldfiretruck.Thetruckdrovestraighttowardthefireand,insteadofstoppinginfrontofthefire,droverightontothemiddleoft