寫作高級詞匯替換

寫作高級詞匯替換寫作高級詞匯替換寫作高級詞匯替換xxx公司寫作高級詞匯替換文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計，管理制度句子的寫作文章無論長短，都是由句子組成的。要想寫出漂亮的英文作文，就需使用正確無誤的、符合英文文法的句子。從用途來分，句子可以分為陳述句，疑問句，祈使句和感嘆句；從結(jié)構(gòu)來分，句子可分為簡單句，并列句，復(fù)合句。英文句子千變?nèi)f化，但無論怎樣，都離不開五種基本句型。1.寫作指導(dǎo)--五種基本句型（1）主語+謂語Myfathersmokesalot.Somearedancing,somearesinging.（2）主語+連系動詞+表語SheisanEnglishteacher.Theoneinredshirtismyuncle.（3）主語+謂語+賓語HelikeslearningChinese.Wealldonatedourpocketmoney.（4）主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語Mr.WangteachesusEnglish.Ilenthermybook.【注意】并不是所有得動詞都能用于此句型。除以上兩詞外，能用于此句型的動詞主要有兩大類:(1)bring,give,sell,show,take,tell,throw,writebuy,find,get,leave,make,save,choose等。（5）主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ)Wechosehimourmonitor.2.使用高級詞匯1．occur替換thinkofSuddenlyIhadanideathatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.→Anideaoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.Itoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.2．devote替換spendHespendsallhissparetimeinreading.→Hedevotesallhissparetimetoreading.3．seek替換want/lookforTheysought(wanted)tohidethemselvesbehindthetrees.4．a(chǎn)verage替換ordinaryI’manaverage(ordinary)student.5．but替換veryThefilmwesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.→Thefilmwesawlastnightwasnothingbutinteresting.Thefilmwesawlastnightwasanythingbutboring.6．seat替換sitOnhiswaytoschool,hefoundanoldladyseated(sitting)bytheroad,lookingworried.7．suppose替換shouldHeissupposedto(should)havedrivenmoreslowly.8．a(chǎn)ppreciate替換thankThankyouverymuchforyouhelp.→Weappreciateyourhelpverymuch./Yourhelpismuchappreciated.9．thecase替換trueIdon’tthinkitisthecase(true).10．on替換assoonasAssoonashearrived,hebeganhisresearch.→Onhisarrival,hebeganhisresearch..11．dueto替換becauseofHearrivedlatedueto(becauseof)thestorm.12．cover替換walk/readAftercovering(walking)10miles,weallfelttired.13．contributeto替換behelpful/usefulPlentyofmemoryworkisundoubtedlyhelpfultoEnglishstudy.→PlentyofmemoryworkwillundoubtedlycontributetoEnglishstudy.14．roundthecorner替換comingsoon/nearby①Thesummervacationisroundthecorner(coming).Doyouhaveanyplans②LiMingstudiesinaschoolroundthecorner(nearby).15．cometolight替換discoverThefamilyweresopleasedwhentheydiscoveredthelostjewels.→Thefamilyweresopleasedwhenthelostjewelscametolight.16．comeupwith替換thinkofJackisveryclever.Heoftencomesupwith(thinksof)newideas.17．setaside替換saveSomestudentsthinkthattheyshouldsetasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneyforbooks.(2004天津卷)18．beof+n.替換adj.Theproductsareofhighquality(verygood)andaresoldeverywhereinChina.19．referto替換talkabout/of,mentionTheprofessoryoureferredto(talkedabout)isveryfamous.20．cannotbut/cannothelpbut替換havetodoIcouldnotbut(hadto)gohome.21．moreoftenthannot替換usuallyMoreoftenthannot(Usually),themeaningofmanywordscanbeeasilyguessed.22．belongforsth./belongtodosth.替換wanttodosth./wishforIwanttoseeyouverymuch.→Iamlongtoseeyou.23．becaughtupin/becrazyabout/beabsorbedin/beaddictedto替換beinterestedinHeiscaughtupin(veryinterestedin)collectingstamps.24．morethan替換very①I’mverygladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.→I’mmorethangladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.(NMET2003)②IfthereisanythingIcandoforyou,Iwouldbemorethangladtohelp.25．perfect(ly)替換good/verywellHespeaksperfect(good)English./HespeaksEnglishperfectly(verywell).26．dosba/thefavor替換helpWouldyoupleasedomethefavor(helpme)toturndowntheradio27．theotherday替換afewdaysagoTheotherdaymybrotherandIwenttothecinemabybicycle.(NMET1997)28．inthecourseof替換duringInthecourseof(During)themountain-climbing,pleasehelpeachotherandpayspecialattentiontoyoursafety.29．themajorityof替換mostThemajorityof(Mostof)theintervieweespreferwatchingTVathometogoingtothecinema.30．consistof替換bemadeupofOurclassconsistsof(ismadeupof)50students.31．bewornout替換betired①Afterfivehours’non-stopwork,wewereallwornout(tired).②Myshoesarewornout(broken).Pleasebuymeanewpair.32．becomeof替換happenWhatdothinkhasbecomeof(happenedto)him33．a(chǎn)ttendto替換lookafter34．onconditionthat替換aslongas35．nevertheless替換however36．expressone’ssatisfactionwith替換besatisfiedwith37．sparenoeffortstodo替換tryone’sbesttodo38．manya替換many39．berushedoffone’sfeet替換bebusyindoing40．meanwhile替換atthesametime41．gettoone’sfeet替換standup42．occasionally替換sometimes/onceinwhile43．forinstance替換forexample44．seldom替換notoften45．wealthy替換rich46．a(chǎn)mazing替換surprising47．a(chǎn)samatteroffact替換infact3高級句型結(jié)構(gòu)◆It句型①Itwillbe+sometime+before…Itwon’tbelongbeforehumansvisittheMars.②Itis+adj./n.+forsbtodosth.Itisveryimportantforustolearncomputerwell,becauseithaschangedourlifesomuch.HesaidsinceitwasanewmodelinChina,itwasimpossibletofixitwithouttherightspareparts.（2008年湖北卷）③Itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that…1)ItiswhatYangLiweihasdonethatencouragesusalot.2)Thosewholikereadingextensivelysayitisthroughreadingthatwegetourknowledge.◆more…thananyother表示最高級Amongtheoptionalcourses,spokenEnglishandcomputerstudyaremorepopularthananyoneelse.◆名詞從句①Itwouldmeanagreatdealtometolistentothetapeandlearnwhatiscoveredinthetalk.(2004全國卷Ⅲ)②Myhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.◆（非限制性）定語從句①TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreetTheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet,whichisnotfarfromJianxin②Itwasquiteanexperienceforusboth,whichI’llneverforgetfortherestofmylife.(2002北京卷)◆分詞結(jié)構(gòu)①Idon’tknowaboutothers,butIusedtohavetoworkevenatweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattendingclassesaswell.(NMET2001)②We’llmostlystayathomeintheeveningwatchingTV,playinggames,andmeetingpeople.(2004全國卷Ⅱ)③Hearingthis,afewpeoplebegantorunafterhim.（2004遼寧卷）=4\*GB3④BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.◆with結(jié)構(gòu)①Aterribleaccidenthappenedyesterday,withninepeoplekilledandalmosteightyinjured.②Hewascarryingabedrollandalargebagonhisshoulder,withalargesuitcaseinhislefthand.◆倒裝句①Thelibraryistotheeastoftheteachingbuilding.→Eastoftheteachingbuildingisthelibrary.②Althoughwearetired,wearehappy.→Tiredasweare,wearehappy.③Onlyinthiswaycanhegrowtobeausefulman.(2002上海卷)=4\*GB3④Mayallyourdreamscometrue!Mayourfriendshiplasttilltheendoftheuniverse.!（2007年湖南卷）◆被動語態(tài)①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.(NMET2002)②Allclassesaretaughtbyteacherswithrichexperienceinteachingforeignstudents.(2004全國卷Ⅳ)③Newfactories,housesandroadshavebeenbuilt.(2004江蘇卷)◆巧妙的改寫（1）．Only改成noonebutOnlyTompassedtheexamlastweek.→NoonebutTompassedtheexam.（2）．a(chǎn)ssoonas…改成Nosooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/ThemomentNosoonerhadwearrivedatthecinemathanthefilmstarted.（3）．havesb/sthdo/doneThegirlwasknockedoffherbicycleandhadherlegbroken(herlegwasbroken.).（4）．變換插入語的位置①However,theysuggestfeesshouldbechargedlow.→Theysuggest,however,feesshouldbechargedlow.(NMET2002)②Ithinkthisisagoodchanceforyoutoshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.→Thisisagoodchanceforyou,Ithink,toshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.(2004全國卷Ⅰ)(5).用同位語代替非限制性定語從句Meimei,whoissevenyearsold,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.→Meimei,agirlofthirteen,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.Shakespeare,asonfromapoorfamily,amanoflittleeducation,wroteplaysandpoemsthatarereadallovertheworld.（2008年湖南卷）◆其它（1）注重句子的開頭①用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)開頭Withthesunsettinginthewest,wehadtowavegoodbyetotheworkers.Withhishelp,we'velearnedhowtoanalyzeandsettleproblems.②用非謂語動詞形式開頭?。㊣nordertoimproveourEnglish,ourschoolheldanEnglishcontest.ⅱ）Walkingtowardsthecinema,hemetaforeigner.（2）長短句交錯使用（注意：應(yīng)突出主題句；長句子并非越長越好）實戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練在過去的幾年，北京發(fā)生了巨大的變化。我很高興地收到你2006年2月12日的來信。我期待著不久收到你的來信?？偠灾?，email在我們的日常生活中扮演著多么重要的角色??！不僅我喜愛英語，而且我酷愛音樂，尤其是古典音樂。另外，我們還將邀請來自清華大學(xué)的Johnson教授為我們在圖書館的二層閱覽室作關(guān)于禽流感的報告我正走在去往學(xué)校的路上，突然這是我聽到不遠(yuǎn)處傳來“救命！救命！”8.學(xué)校教學(xué)樓的東邊矗立著一座實驗樓，在那里我們每天做著各種試驗。9.有許多學(xué)生在操場上玩籃球，夢想著有朝一日成為姚明。10.正如從圖表中所展示的，我們年級百分之四十的學(xué)生課后從事體育活動。11.我跑到河邊，脫了外衣，毫不猶豫地跳進(jìn)冰冷的水里。12.我正要出門，突然這時天開始下雨。13.令我吃驚的是，這些人不顧后果，到處亂貼小廣告。14.許多古樹在這次大火中嚴(yán)重地破壞了。15.他有許多愛好，例如游泳、唱歌和滑冰。16.一些人隨意砍伐樹木，一些人獵殺飛鳥，一些人亂扔廢紙，這些對我們的環(huán)境都造成了惡劣的影響。17.曾經(jīng)一度，每天直到11點(diǎn)鐘李明才上床睡覺，目的是為了彌補(bǔ)落下的功課。18.我一進(jìn)入云霧山，就被那自然的美景所打動。19.我將盡力節(jié)省我的零花錢，捐給貧困地區(qū)的孩子們。20.一些有效的措施必須被政府采取，讓北京的天更藍(lán)，水更清?！簟粝嚓P(guān)過渡語1).表示時間順序:first,then,afterwards,meanwhile,later，firstofall,finally,atlast…2).表示空間順序:near,nextto,farfrom,infrontof,ontheleft,ononeside…3).表示比較、對照:like,unlike,suchas,but,however,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,nevertheless,otherwise…4).表示因果關(guān)系:because,for,asaresult,therefore,thus…5).表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系:besides,what’smore,whatwasworse,moreover,furthermore,inaddition,ontopof…6).表示并列關(guān)系:and,aswellas,also…7).表示總結(jié)性:ingeneral,inaword,inshort,onthewhole,tosumup,inbrief,toconclude…附1.英語作文常用結(jié)構(gòu)一）段首句

1.任何事物都是有兩面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。

Everythinghastwosidesand______isnotanexception，ithasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.

2.關(guān)于……人們的觀點(diǎn)各不相同，一些人認(rèn)為（說）……，在他們看來，……

People’sopinionsabout______varyfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplesaythatthem,_____.

3.人類正面臨著一個嚴(yán)重的問題……，這個問題變得越來越嚴(yán)重。

Manisnowfacingabigproblem______whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.

4.……已成為人的關(guān)注的熱門話題，特別是在年青人當(dāng)中，將引發(fā)激烈的辯論。

______hasbecomeahottopicamongpeople，especiallyamongtheyoungandheateddebatesarerightontheirway.

5.……在我們的日常生活中起著越來越重要的作用，它給我們帶來了許多好處，但同時也引發(fā)一些嚴(yán)重的問題。

______hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-dayhasbroughtusalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.

6.根據(jù)圖表/數(shù)字/統(tǒng)計數(shù)字/表格中的百分比/圖表/條形圖/成形圖可以看出……。很顯然……，但是為什么呢

Accordingtothefigure/number/statisticsinthe/chart//graph，itcanbeseenthat______.Obviously，______，butwhy

（二）中間段落句

1.相反，有一些人贊成……，他們相信……，而且，他們認(rèn)為……。

Onthecontrary，therearesomepeopleinfavorofthesametime，theysay____.

2.面臨……，我們應(yīng)該采取一系列行之有效的方法來……。一方面……，另一方面，

Confrontedwith______，weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasuresto______.Foronething，______Foranother，______

3.早就應(yīng)該拿出行動了。比如說……，另外……。所有這些方法肯定會……。

Itishightimethatsomethingwasdoneaboutit.Forexample.addition.thesemeasureswillcertainly______.

（三）結(jié)尾句

1.至于我，在某種程度上我同意后面的觀點(diǎn)，我認(rèn)為……

AsfarasIamconcerned,Iagreewiththelatteropiniontosomeextent.Ithinkthat____.

2.總而言之，整個社會應(yīng)該密切關(guān)注……這個問題。只有這樣，我們才能在將來……。

Inaword,thewholesocietyshouldpaycloseattentiontotheproblemofinthiswaycan______inthefuture.

3.隨著社會的發(fā)展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每個人都愿為社會貢獻(xiàn)自已的一份力量，這個社會將要變得越來越好。

Withthedevelopmentofsociety,it"surgentandnecessarytoeverymemberiswillingtocontributehimselftothesociety,itwillbebetterandbetter.

4.至于我（對我來說，就我而言），我認(rèn)為……更合理。只有這樣，我們才能……

personally,Ithinkitreasonableto_____.Onlyinthiswaycanyou_____.

5.對我來說，我認(rèn)為有必要……。原因如下：第一，……；第二，……；最后……但同樣重要的是……

Inmyopinion,Ithinkitnecessaryto____.Thereasonsareasfollows.First______.Lastbutnotleast,______.

6.綜上所述，我們可以清楚地得出結(jié)論……

Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayreasonablyarriveattheconclusionthat____.

附2學(xué)生易錯句型結(jié)構(gòu)

一、"Therebe"結(jié)構(gòu)

考生病句：

1.Therearemanypeopleliketogotothemovies.

2.Therearedifferentkindsofvegetablescanbeboughtonthemarketbypeople.

正確表達(dá)：

1.Therearemanypeoplewholiketogotothemovies.

2.Therearedifferentkindsofvegetablesthatpeoplecanbuyonthemarket.

評議與分析：

這兩個例句的錯誤比較有普遍性，因為在歷次考試中有不少考生不能正確運(yùn)用therebe這一最常用的句式。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，there是引導(dǎo)詞，沒有實際意義。be在句中作謂語，有時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。例如：

1.Therewasnoschoolinthevillageatthattime.2.Therearemanypeoplerushingintothecitieseveryyear.

3.Therearemanythingswecandotopreventtrafficaccidents.

二、比較結(jié)構(gòu)

考生病句：

1.Comparingwiththebike,thecarrunsmuchfaster.

2.TheclimateinWaltoniscolderthanothercities.

正確表達(dá)：

1.Comparedwiththebike,thecarrunsmuchfaster.

2.TheclimateinWaltoniscolderthanthatofothercities.

下面是比較結(jié)構(gòu)的一些常用的表達(dá)方法。

1．同級比較

In1998weproducedasmanycarsaswedidinthepreviousfiveyears.

2．比較級

1）Childrennowenjoybettermedicaltreatmentthanbefore.

2）Wecanlivelongerwithoutfoodthanwecan(live)withoutwater.

3．最高級

1）ThisisthemostinterestingbookI'veeverread.

2）OfallhisnovelsIlikethisonebest.

4．themore…themore…結(jié)構(gòu)

1)Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.

2)Themoreamanknows,themorehediscovershisignorance.

5．選擇比較

1)Ipreferstayingathometogoingout.

2)Theyprefertoworkratherthan(to)sitidly.

3)Hepreferstoworkalone.

三、表達(dá)原因的結(jié)構(gòu)

考生病句：

1.Thereasonforthisisbecausesomepeoplewanttoearnplentyofmoneywithoutworkinghard.

正確表達(dá)：

1.Thereasonforthisisthatsomepeoplewanttoearnplentyofmoneywithoutworkinghard.

評議與分析：考生犯了一個中國學(xué)生常犯的錯誤，就是用because引起表語從句，because這個詞不能引起表語從句，在本句中只能改用that才正確。

英語中用來表達(dá)原因這一概念的結(jié)構(gòu)有多種。我們可用as,because,since,seeingthat,consideringthat,nowthat,..等詞組引出表示原因的從句。例如：

1.Nowthatwehaveseenthesegreatachievementswithourowneyes,wefeelmoreproudthaneverofourcountry.

2.ProfessorLiuisstrictwithusbecausehewantsustomakerapidprogress.

3.Sincewelivenearthesea,weenjoyahealthyclimate.

4.Pollutionisstillaseriousproblem,notthatwedon'thavetheabilitytosolveit,butthatsomepeoplehavenotrealizedtheconsequencesoftheproblem.

我們還可以借助某些詞語用簡單句表達(dá)原因結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

1.Thereasonforthischangeisquiteobvious.

2.Diligenceisthekeyfactorofsuccess.

四、否定結(jié)構(gòu)

考生病句

1.Somepeoplethinkweneedn'ttoworryaboutfreshwater.

2.Nowadaysmanypeopledon'tliketogotothemovies,too.

正確表達(dá)：

1.Somepeoplethinkweneedn'tworry(或don'tneedtoworry)aboutfreshwater.

2.Nowadaysmanypeopledon'tliketogotothemovies,either.

而either只能用于否定句。

五、含有it的結(jié)構(gòu)

考生病句：

1.Asisknowntoallofusthatscienceandtechnologyplayanimportantroleinthe

developmentofsociety.

2.Itisknowntous,practicemakesperfect.

正確表達(dá)：

1.Itisknowntoallofusthatscienceandtechnologyplayanimportantroleinthe

developmentofsociety.(或:Asisknowntoallofus,science...)

2.Itisknowntousthatpracticemakesperfect.(或:Asisknowntous,practice...)it句型1．作形式主語

Itisnecessaryforustomasteraforeignlanguageskillfully.Itmakesdifferencewhetherwecouldpurifytheairornot.

2.作形式賓語

Wefinditratherdifficulttopreventpeoplefromdoingthat.Modernscie