動(dòng)詞不定式(九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法詳解)公開(kāi)課一等獎(jiǎng)省優(yōu)質(zhì)課大賽獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

動(dòng)詞不定式否定結(jié)構(gòu)不定式

todo

普通結(jié)構(gòu)not

todo.使用方法/功效Toseeistobelieve.Todothatsortofthingisfoolish.(1).主語(yǔ)不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),往往放在謂語(yǔ)之后,用it作形式主語(yǔ).這時(shí)可將其用形式主語(yǔ)it來(lái)替換Itisfoolishtodothatsortofthing.TobehereatChristmastimeismydream.2.Togoabroadishisdream.3.Tosayiseasy,todoisdifficult.→ItismydreamtobehereatChristmastime.→Itishisdreamtogoabroad.→Itiseasytosay,itisdifficulttodo.Myjobtohelpthepatient.Yourtasktocleantheclassroom.isis(2).表語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)Tomasteraforeignlanguageisreallyimportantnowadays.Togiveupsmokingisright.1.當(dāng)今掌握一門(mén)外語(yǔ)真很主要。2.放棄吸煙是對(duì)。作表語(yǔ)MyjobistoteachEnglish.Toseeistobelieve.1.我工作是教英語(yǔ)。2.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。英語(yǔ)博客網(wǎng)Iwanttogohome.Theworkersneededtogetbetterpay.Ifounditnecessarytotalktohimagain.(3)賓語(yǔ)think/make/findit+adj.+todo慣用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：hope,refuse,learn,wantchoose,decide,agree,manage,pretend,plan.

作賓語(yǔ)Freddidn’thaveanymoney,sohedecidedtolookforajob.Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.1.Fred沒(méi)有錢(qián)，所以他決定找一份工作。2.他答應(yīng)不告訴任何人這事。Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.(4).賓補(bǔ)五看

watch

see

lookat

observe

notice三使

let

make

have

二聽(tīng)

listento

hear一感覺(jué):

feelwarn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等Imadehimdohiswork.Hewasmadetodohiswork(byme).不定式用在介詞but,except,besides后時(shí),假如這些介詞前有行為動(dòng)詞do各種形式,那么介詞后不定式不帶to,相反則帶to.(1).Shecoulddonothingbutcry.(2).Ihavenochoicebutgo.(3).Whatdoyouliketodo

besidessleep.to\作賓補(bǔ)Sheaskedmetostaythere.1.她叫我呆在這兒。2.請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我介紹Mr.White給你們。

PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.Ihavesomethingtosay.Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.(5).定語(yǔ)(假如不定式中動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,則不定式中不要忘記介詞.)1.不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)放在被修飾詞后面，而且放在其它后置定語(yǔ)之后。不定式做定語(yǔ)與所修飾詞之間有三種關(guān)系：(1)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系

Ihavealotofworktodo.我有很多工作要做。(2)主謂關(guān)系

Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.他總是第一個(gè)來(lái)。(3)同位關(guān)系

Weallhaveachancetogotocollege.我們都有上大學(xué)機(jī)會(huì)。注意2.不定式所修飾名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作地點(diǎn)工具等，即使是及物動(dòng)詞，不定式后面仍須有對(duì)應(yīng)介詞。

3.不定式所修飾名詞假如是time,place或way，不定式后面介詞習(xí)慣上要省去。Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolive.他沒(méi)錢(qián)沒(méi)地方住。請(qǐng)給我一支寫(xiě)字筆.Pleasegivemeapentowritewith.4.something,anything,nothing,everything等復(fù)合不定代詞慣用不定式做后置定語(yǔ)。注意比較：Doyouhaveanythingtosend?你有什么東西要寄嗎？（不定式tosend動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是you）2.Doyouhaveanythingtobesent?你有什么要（我或他人）寄東西嗎？（不定式tobesent動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是已被省略me或someoneelse）作定語(yǔ)Doyouhaveanythingtosay?1.你有什么要說(shuō)嗎?2.Betty是第一個(gè)知道這真相人

BettywasthefirsttoknowthetruthHespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.I’mtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.目狀語(yǔ).原因狀語(yǔ).結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)(6)

狀語(yǔ)

(1).不定式中動(dòng)詞上文已出現(xiàn)過(guò),下文要省略該動(dòng)詞.eg:Wouldyouliketogowithme?I’dliketo.(2).不定式是tobe結(jié)構(gòu),be不可省.eg:Wouldyouliketobeateacher?

注意I’dliketobe.注意

(3).

動(dòng)詞不定式否定式只須在to前加not.Myfatherdecidednottotakeupthejob.Theteachertoldusnottobelateagain.(4).不定式與疑問(wèn)詞who,which,when,how,what等連用，在句中起名詞作用，可充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant

Myquestioniswhentostart.Hetaughtushowtousethecomputer.注意：在與why連用時(shí)，只用于why或whynot開(kāi)頭簡(jiǎn)短疑問(wèn)句中，后面緊跟動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to。

Whynothavearest?賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)固定句型:hadbetter/hadbest+(not)dosth.最好（不）做某事Why(not)dosth.?…prefertodo/preferdoing…prefer+n./doingA+to+n./doingB…prefer+todoAratherthan(to)doB…wouldrather(not)dosth.…wouldratherdoAthan(do)B…wouldrather+句子（過(guò)去式）（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）要做……ExerciseMyteacherwasmade_____histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.givingupB.togiveupC.giveupD.givenup2.TheArcticisconsidered____thenorthernpartoftheAtlantic.havingbeenB.tohavebeenC.tobeD.being3.—Thelightintheofficeisstillon.---Oh,Iforgot______.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoffBCC4.---Whatdoyouthinkoftheschool?----Itisaverygood_____.schooltostudyinB.schoolforchildrentostudyC.studyingschoolD.schooltostudy5.Wefinditimpossibleforus___thework.A.tofinishB.finishingC.beingfinishedD.tobefinishedAA6.___aliving,shehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight.Tomake