考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山西中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山西中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Indiaisacountrywhosepopulation（）thatofChina.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isfirstexcept

B.hassecondplaceto

C.issecondonlyto

D.comesecondfollowing

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：印度是人口僅次于中國(guó)的國(guó)家。besecondonlyto是固定搭配，意思是“僅次于”，沒(méi)有A，B，D的搭配用法。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

AfterJohnhad___amonghisguests,dinnerwasannounced.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.circulated

B.spread

C.passedon

D.publicized

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)circulated“使循環(huán)；使流通；使傳播（既指某物在一物體內(nèi)循環(huán)流動(dòng)，又可指在一定范圍內(nèi)傳播物品、刊物或思想、語(yǔ)言等）”；B選項(xiàng)spread“傳播，散布（普通用詞，使用廣泛。指?jìng)鞑ゼ膊?、思想、文化、?xí)慣或謠言等）；展開(kāi)；伸展；鋪開(kāi)”；C選項(xiàng)passedon“度過(guò)；通過(guò)”；D選項(xiàng)publicized“宣傳，推廣；發(fā)布；為……做廣告”。句意：約翰在客人中間___后，宣布開(kāi)飯。本句考查固定搭配circulateamong“在……中流傳；在……中轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)去”，表達(dá)“約翰在客人中間轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)去”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Atthepressconference,thePrimeMinister（）thegovernment’srefusaltocompromisewithterrorists.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rectified

B.recited

C.rekindled

D.reiterated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。rectify“調(diào)整，矯正”；recite“背誦，敘述”；rekindle“復(fù)燃”；reiterate“重申，重復(fù)”。句意：在記者招待會(huì)上，首相重申了政府拒絕向恐怖分子妥協(xié)這一申明。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Thecitizensexpresstheir（）tothelocalcouncilforthehelp.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attitude

B.gratitude

C.altitude

D.gravity

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)attitude“態(tài)度；看法”；B選項(xiàng)gratitude“感謝；感激”；C選項(xiàng)altitude“高地；高度；海拔”；D選項(xiàng)gravity“重力；地心引力；嚴(yán)重性”。句意：這些市民向提供幫助的當(dāng)?shù)匚瘑T會(huì)表達(dá)了他們的感謝。結(jié)合句意，故B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Beforeabigexam,asoundnight’ssleepwilldoyoubetterthanporingovertextbooks.That,atleast,isthefolkwisdom.Andscience,intheformofbehavioralpsychology,supportsthatwisdom.Butsuchbehavioralstudiescannotdistinguishbetweentwocompetingtheoriesofwhysleepisgoodforthememory.Onesaysthatsleepiswhenpermanentmemoriesform.Theothersaysthattheyareactuallyformedduringtheday,butthen“edited”atnight,toflushawaywhatissuperfluous.

Totellthedifference,itisnecessarytolookintothebrainofasleepingperson,andthatishard.Butafteradecadeofpainstakingwork,ateamledbyPierreMaquetatLiegeUniversityinBelgiumhasmanagedtodoit.TheparticularstageofsleepinwhichtheBelgiangroupisinterestedisrapideyemovement(REM)sleep,whenbrainandbodyareactive,heartrateandbloodpressureincrease,theeyesmovebackandforthbehindtheeyelidsasifwatchingamovie,andbrainwavetracesresemblethoseofwakefulness.Itisduringthisperiodofsleepthatpeoplearemostlikelytoreliveeventsofthepreviousdayindreams.

Dr.MaquetusedanelectronicdevicecalledPETtostudythebrainsofpeopleastheypracticedataskduringtheday,andastheysleptduringthefollowingnight.Thetaskrequiredthemtopressabuttonasfastaspossible,inresponsetoalightcomingoninoneofsixpositions.Astheylearnthowtodothis,theirresponsetimesgotfaster.Whattheydidnotknowwasthattheappearanceofthelightssometimesfollowedapattern-whatisreferredtoas“artificialgrammar”.Yetthereductionsinresponsetimeshowedthattheylearntfasterwhenthepatternwaspresentthanwhentherewasnot.

Whatismore,thosewithmoretolearn(i.e.,the“grammar”,aswellasthemechanicaltaskofpushingthebutton)havemoreactivebrains.The“editing”theorywouldnotpredictthat,sincethenumberofirrelevantstimuliwouldbethesameineachcase.Andtoeliminateanydoubtsthattheexperimentalsubjectswerelearningasopposedtounlearning,theirresponsetimeswhentheywokeupwereevenquickerthanwhentheywenttosleep.

Theteam,therefore,concludedthatthenerveconnectionsinvolvedinmemoryarereinforcedthroughreactivationduringREMsleep,particularlyifthebraindetectsaninherentstructureinthematerialbeinglearnt.Sonow,ontheeveofthatcrucialtest,mathsstudentscansleepsoundlyintheknowledgethatwhattheywillrememberthenextdayarethebasicrulesofalgebraandnottheincoherenttalkfromtheradionextdoor.

6.Researchersinbehavioralpsychologyaredividedwithregardto（）.

7.Asmanifestedintheexperimentalstudy,rapideyemovementischaracterizedby（）.

8.Byreferringtotheartificialgrammar,theauthorintendstoshow（）.

9.Intheirstudy,researchersledbyPierreMaquettookadvantageofthetechniqueof（）.

10.WhatadvicemightMaquetgivetothosewhohaveacrucialtestthenextday?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.howdreamsaremodifiedintheircourses

B.thedifferencebetweensleepandwakefulness

C.whysleepisofgreatbenefittomemory

D.thefunctionsofagoodnight’ssleep

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.intenselyactivebrainwavetraces

B.subjects’quickerresponsetimes

C.complicatedmemorypatterns

D.revivalofeventsinthepreviousday

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itssignificanceinthestudy

B.aninherentpatternbeinglearnt

C.itsresemblancetothelights

D.theimportanceofanight’ssleep

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.exposingalong-heldfolkwisdom

B.clarifyingthepredictionsondreams

C.makingcontrastsandcomparisons

D.correlatingeffectswiththeircauses

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Memorizinggrammarwithgreatefforts.

B.Studytextbookswithcloseattention.

C.Havetheirbrainimagesrecorded.

D.Enjoytheirsleepatnightsoundly.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】6.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文中第一段Butsuchbehavioralstudiescannotdistinguishbetweentwocompetingtheoriesofwhysleepisgoodforthememory.（但是這樣的行為研究并不能區(qū)分為什么睡眠對(duì)記憶力有好處的兩種相互矛盾的理論），所以他們對(duì)為什么睡眠對(duì)記憶力有好處持有不同的觀(guān)點(diǎn)，故應(yīng)選C選項(xiàng)“為什么睡眠對(duì)記憶力很有好處”。A選項(xiàng)“夢(mèng)是如何在課程中被修改的”，不符合題意，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“睡眠和清醒的區(qū)別”，不符合題意，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)好覺(jué)的作用”，過(guò)于片面，可排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段中指出“…whenbrainandbodyareactive”，大腦積極運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)是眼珠快速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的主要特征，且在第三、四段又再次說(shuō)明。選項(xiàng)B“被研究者更快的反應(yīng)速度”，選項(xiàng)C“復(fù)雜的記憶模式”和選項(xiàng)D“前一天事件的重現(xiàn)”都不是眼球快速運(yùn)動(dòng)的主要特征。故應(yīng)選A“強(qiáng)烈活躍的腦電波痕跡”。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文的第三段最后Whattheydidnotknow…followedapattern-whatisreferredtoas“artificialgrammar”.Yetthereductionsinresponsetimeshowedthat…說(shuō)明了這種內(nèi)在模式，也就是“artificialgrantor”對(duì)于記憶的重要性。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。這個(gè)題考查的是對(duì)后面幾段的歸納。首先在第三段開(kāi)始Dr.MaquetusedanelectronicdevicecalledPET…theypracticedataskduringtheday,andastheysleptduringthefollowingnight.這是一種對(duì)比性的研究方法。后來(lái)的第四段最后…theirresponsetimeswhentheywokeupwereevenquickerthanwhentheywenttosleep也采用了對(duì)比的分析研究，故應(yīng)選C“對(duì)比與比較”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。這是一個(gè)通篇的中心歸納的考查題。文章一開(kāi)始就指出Beforeabigexam,asoundnight’ssleepwilldoyoubetterthanporingovertextbooks.意思是在晚上好好的睡覺(jué)對(duì)記憶是有好處的。最后作者又歸納了研究的結(jié)果，“…concludedthatthenerveconnectionsinvolvedinmemoryarereinforcedthroughreactivationduringREMsleep…”也說(shuō)明結(jié)構(gòu)性知識(shí)在REM睡眠中是可以鞏固的。故應(yīng)選D。

6.單選題

China'sfirstsetofregulationsonhumanorgantransplant,whichprohibitsorganizationsandindividualsfromtradinghumanorgansinanyform,（）onMaylst,2007.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fellback

B.fellshort

C.wentintoeffect

D.cometothepoint

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)fellback表示“后退”；B選項(xiàng)fellshort表示“不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，缺乏”；C選項(xiàng)wentintoeffect表示“生效”；D選項(xiàng)cometothepoint表示“直截了當(dāng)?shù)恼f(shuō)，簡(jiǎn)明扼要的說(shuō)”。分析句意可知，中國(guó)頒布的首部人體器官移植條例是從2007年5月1日開(kāi)始生效。因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

7.單選題

Sowideisitssweepthat345millionpeopleuseEnglishastheirfirstlanguageandanadditional400millionastheirsecond.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.range

B.power

C.vigor

D.expansion

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)range“范圍；幅度；山脈”；B選項(xiàng)power“力量；電力”；C選項(xiàng)vigor“活力；精力”；D選項(xiàng)expansion“膨脹”。句意：英語(yǔ)的……是如此之廣，以至于3.45億人將英語(yǔ)作為第一語(yǔ)言，另外還有4億人將英語(yǔ)作為第二語(yǔ)言。由關(guān)鍵信息sowide“如此廣泛”以及345millionpeopleuseEnglishastheirfirstlanguage“3.45億人將英語(yǔ)當(dāng)成第一語(yǔ)言使用”，可知本句是在講英語(yǔ)的普及范圍廣。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

PitythosewhoaspiretoputtheinitialsPhDaftertheirnames.After16yearsofcloselysupervisededucation,prospectivedoctorsofphilosophyareleftmoreorlessalonetowritetheequivalentofalargebook.Mostsocial-sciencepostgraduateshavestillnotcompletedtheirthesesbythetimetheirgrantrunsoutafterthreeyears.Theymustthengetajobandfinishintheirsparetime,whichcanoftentakeafurtherthreeyears.Bythen,mostnewdoctorsaresicktodeathofthenarrowlydefinedsubject,whichhasblightedtheirholidaysandminedtheirevenings.

TheEconomicandSocialResearchCouncil,whichgivesgrantstopostgraduatesocialscientists,wantstogetbettervalueformoneybycuttingshortthisagony.Itwouldliketoseefastercompletionrates:untilrecently,onlyabout25%ofPhDcandidateswerefinishingwithinfouryears.TheESRC’sresponsehasbeentostopPhDgrantstoallinstitutionswheretheproportiontakinglessthanfouryearsisbelow10%;inthefirstyearofthispolicythenationalaverageshotupto39%.TheESRCfeelsvindicatedinitstoughness,andwillprogressivelyraisethethresholdto40%intwoyears.Unlesscompletionratesimprovefurther,thiswouldexclude55outof73universitiesandpolytechnics-includingOxfordUniversity,theLondonSchoolofEconomicsandtheLondonBusinessSchool.

Predictably,howlsofprotesthavecomefromtheuniversities,whoviewtheblacklistingofwholeinstitutionsasarbitraryandnegative.Theypointoutthatmanyofthebeststudentsgoquicklyintojobswheretheycanapplytheirresearchskills,butconsequentlytakelongertofinishtheirtheses.PolytechnicswithasfewastwoPhDcandidatescomplainthattheyarepenalizedbyrandomfluctuationsinstudentperformance.Thecollegessaythereisnohardevidencetoprovethatfastercompletionratesresultfromgreaterefficiencyratherthanlowerstandardsorlessambitiousdoctoraltopics.

TheESRCthinksitmightnotbeabadthingifPhDstudentsweremoremodestintheiraims.Itwouldprefertoseemoresystematicteachingofresearchskillsandfewerunrealisticexpectationsplacedonyoungmenandwomenwhoareundertakingtheirfirstpieceofseriousresearch.Soinfutureitsgrantswillbegivenonlywhereitisconvincedthatstudentsarebeingtrainedasresearchers,ratherthancarryingoutpurelyknowledge-basedstudies.

TheESRCcannotdictatethestandardofthesisrequiredbyexternalexaminers,orforcedepartmentstogivegraduatesmoreteachingtime.Themostitcandoistotrytopersuadeuniversitiestochangetheirways.Recalcitrantprofessorsshouldnotethatstudentswantmoreresearchtrainingandalesselaboratestyle,ofthesis,too.

1.Bythetimenewdoctorsgetajobandtrytofinishtheirthesesinsparetime（

）.

2.OxfordUniversitywouldbeexcludedoutofthoseuniversitiesthatreceivePhDgrantsfromESRC,becausethecompletionrateofitsPhDstudents’theseswithinfouryearsislowerthan

（

）.

3.AllthefollowingstatementsaretheargumentsagainstESRC’spolicyexcept

（

）.

4.TheESRCwouldprefer（

）.

5.WhattheESRCcandoisto（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mostofthemdiedofsomesickness

B.theirholidaysandeveningshavebeenruinedbytheirjobs.

C.mostofthemarecompletelytiredofthenarrowlydefinedsubject

D.mostoftheirgrantsrunout.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.25%

B.40%

C.39%

D.10%

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.alltheinstitutionsontheblacklistarearbitraryandnegative.

B.thereisnohardevidencetoprovethatfastercompletionratesresultfromgreaterefficiencyratherthanlowerstandardsorlessambitiousdoctoraltopics.

C.manyofthebeststudentsgoquicklyintojobswheretheycanapplytheirresearchskills,butconsequentlytakelongertofinishtheirtheses.

D.somepolytechnicsarepenalizedbyrandomfluctuationsinstudentperformance.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thatthestudentswerecarryingoutpurelyknowledge-basedstudiesratherthanbeingtrainedasresearchers.

B.toseehigherstandardsofPhDstudents’thesesandmoreambitiousdoctoraltopics.

C.moresystematicteachingofresearchskillstofewerunrealisticexpectationsplacedoninexperiencedyoungPhDstudents.

D.thatPhDstudentswerelessmodestintheiraims.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.forcedepartmentstogivegraduatesmoreteachingtime

B.trytopersuadeuniversitiestochangetheirways

C.dictatethestandardofthesisreacquiredbyexternalexaminers

D.notethatstudentswantmoreresearchtrainingandlesselaboratestyleofthesis

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞newdoctors定位至第一段:Bythen,mostnewdoctorsaresicktodeathofthenarrowlydefinedsubject,whichhasblightedtheirholidaysandminedtheirevenings(到那吋候，新一批將要畢業(yè)的博士生就會(huì)對(duì)狹隘的論文主題感到極其厭倦，并且這樣的論文會(huì)毀掉他們的假期，占據(jù)他們的夜晚)。因此C項(xiàng)“他們中的大部分都徹底厭倦了狹隘的論文主題”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞OxfordUniversity定位至第二段:TheESRCfeelsvindicatedinitstoughness,andwillprogressivelyraisethethresholdto40%intwoyears.Unlesscompletionratesimprovefurther,thiswouldexclude55outof73universitiesandpolytechnics—includingOxfordUniversity...(經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)研究委員會(huì)覺(jué)得自己的堅(jiān)持被證明是正確的，于是準(zhǔn)備在接下來(lái)的兩年內(nèi)將畢業(yè)率門(mén)檻提升至40%,如果不提升畢業(yè)率，那么73所大學(xué)和專(zhuān)科學(xué)院中有55所院校將不能獲得補(bǔ)貼，其中包括牛津大學(xué)……)。由此可知如果牛津大學(xué)博士生的畢業(yè)率低于40%的話(huà)，將得不到補(bǔ)貼。故選B。

3.判斷推理題。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都能在第三段中找到原話(huà),但是PolytechnicswithasfewastwoPhDcandidatescomplainthattheyarepenalizedbyrandomfluctuationsinstudentperformance(只有兩個(gè)在讀博士生的科技專(zhuān)科院校抱怨說(shuō)學(xué)生成績(jī)的不穩(wěn)定性讓他們很被動(dòng))這部分不針對(duì)ESRC政策。故選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第四段指出:Itwouldprefertoseemoresystematicteachingofresearchskillsandfewerunrealisticexpectationsplacedonyoungmenandwomenwhoareundertakingtheirfirstpieceofseriousresearch(更愿意看到對(duì)參與第一項(xiàng)嚴(yán)肅研究的青年男女進(jìn)行更系統(tǒng)的研究技能教學(xué)，減少不切實(shí)際的期望),因此C項(xiàng)“更系統(tǒng)地教授研究技能，減少對(duì)缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的年輕博士生的不切實(shí)際的期望”正確。根據(jù)第四段中的Soinfutureitsgrantswillbegivenonlywhereitisconvincedthatstudentsarebeingtrainedasresearchers,ratherthancarryingoutpurelyknowledge-basedstudies(因此，在未來(lái)，只有在確定學(xué)生接受研究人員培訓(xùn)，而不是進(jìn)行純粹的基于知識(shí)的研究時(shí)，才會(huì)發(fā)放助學(xué)金)可知選項(xiàng)A意思表示剛好與原文相反；根據(jù)文章第四段中的TheESRCthinksitmightnotbeabadthingifPhDstudentsweremoremodestintheiraims(ESRC認(rèn)為，如果博士生在目標(biāo)上更加謙虛，這可能不是一件壞事。)可知選項(xiàng)D與原文意思相反，并且根據(jù)原文關(guān)鍵詞modestintheiraims可知選項(xiàng)B也與原文意思相反。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章最后一段指出:TheESRCcannotdictatethestandardofthesisrequiredbyexternalexaminers,orforcedepartmentstogivegraduatesmoreteachingtime(ESRC不能規(guī)定外部考官要求的論文標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，也不能強(qiáng)迫各部門(mén)給畢業(yè)生更多的教學(xué)時(shí)間)，故A和C錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)Themostitcandoistotrytopersuadeuniversitiestochangetheirways(它最能做到的就是試圖說(shuō)服大學(xué)改變他們的方式)可知選項(xiàng)B正確；而根據(jù)最后一句話(huà)Recalcitrantprofessorsshouldnotethatstudentswantmoreresearchtrainingandalesselaboratestyle,ofthesis,too(固執(zhí)的教授應(yīng)該意識(shí)到學(xué)生們也需要更多的研究培訓(xùn)和不那么復(fù)雜的論文風(fēng)格)可知選項(xiàng)D是Recalcitrantprofessors“固執(zhí)的教授”應(yīng)該做的而不是ESRC，所以選項(xiàng)D也不對(duì)，故答案選項(xiàng)為B。

9.單選題

Thereareseveral______betweentheoriginalestimatesofthecostandtheactualbills.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exaggerations

B.discrepancies

C.breakthroughs

D.compliances

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)exaggeration“夸張；夸大之詞；夸張的手法”；B選項(xiàng)discrepancy“不符；矛盾；相差”；C選項(xiàng)breakthrough“突破；突破性進(jìn)展”；D選項(xiàng)compliance“順從，服從；符合；屈從；可塑性”。句意：費(fèi)用的原始估計(jì)和實(shí)際賬單之間有幾處不一致。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Icertainlydidn’tintendto______yourplans.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.upset

B.shake

C.shave

D.drag

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。A選項(xiàng)upset“打亂；打翻”；B選項(xiàng)shake“搖動(dòng)，抖動(dòng)”；C選項(xiàng)shave“剃毛”；D選項(xiàng)drag“（使勁而吃力地）拖”。句意：我當(dāng)然不想______你的計(jì)劃。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是不想妨礙計(jì)劃，A選項(xiàng)upset“打亂”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Studentshaveto（

）totherulesandregulationsoftheschool.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confirm

B.confront

C.confine

D.conform

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。confirm意為“確認(rèn)”；confront意為“面對(duì)”；confine意為“限制”；conform意為“遵守，符合”。句意：學(xué)生必須遵守學(xué)校的規(guī)章制度。

12.單選題

測(cè)試用試題，請(qǐng)勿組到其他試卷中，過(guò)會(huì)就會(huì)刪掉111

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.2

B.3

C.4

D.5

E.6

【答案】C

【解析】第1題:

測(cè)試解析

13.單選題

A（

）ofsympathysweptthroughJapanyesterdayaspeopleheardtheshockingnewsofObuchi’sdecentintoacoma.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wave

B.tide

C.rush

D.shower

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：昨天當(dāng)人們聽(tīng)到小淵惠三陷入昏迷狀態(tài)的驚人消息時(shí)，一陣同情席卷了日本。awaveof“一陣”，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

14.單選題

Certainlyeveryschool______highprioritytothequalityofteaching.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ascribes

B.refers

C.reconciles

D.accords

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.ascribes把……歸因于；認(rèn)為……是B.refers提到，談到

C.reconciles調(diào)和；和解D.accords（與……）一致，符合

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)highpriority（高優(yōu)先級(jí)）和thequalityofteaching（教學(xué)質(zhì)量）可知，此句應(yīng)該表示學(xué)校教學(xué)質(zhì)量是高優(yōu)先級(jí)，結(jié)合to可知，ascribeto表示“認(rèn)為……是；歸因于”符合句意，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】當(dāng)然，每個(gè)學(xué)校都對(duì)教學(xué)質(zhì)量高度重視。

15.單選題

Theconceptofpersonalchoice（）healthbehaviorsisanimportantone.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.infaceof

B.incaseof

C.inrelationto

D.inchargeof

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)infaceof“面對(duì)、面臨”；B選項(xiàng)incaseof“假如、萬(wàn)一”；C選項(xiàng)inrelationto“關(guān)于、涉及”；D選項(xiàng)inchargeof“負(fù)責(zé)、掌管”，句意：個(gè)人選擇與健康行為的關(guān)系是一個(gè)重要的概念。個(gè)人選擇與健康行為是相關(guān)的關(guān)系，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.翻譯題

Brown最新出版的書(shū)中提出：關(guān)于人類(lèi)對(duì)生態(tài)的影響，最樂(lè)觀(guān)的估計(jì)也表明它已經(jīng)超過(guò)了地球再生能力的20%左右。拯救巨大壓力下的地球和麻煩不斷的人類(lèi)文明迫在眉睫。Brown在書(shū)中使用了一連串令人沮喪的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)物種滅絕、水資源短缺以及石油生產(chǎn)量下降所引發(fā)的經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)蕩進(jìn)行了描述，特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了氣候變化帶來(lái)的系列負(fù)面效應(yīng)以及應(yīng)對(duì)措施。他所描述的由氣候變化引起的混亂狀態(tài)令人震驚，但有說(shuō)服力：世界上最貧窮的人們與似乎更加饑餓的生物燃料產(chǎn)業(yè)之間在開(kāi)展食物爭(zhēng)奪。在石油價(jià)格日益上漲，產(chǎn)量逐漸變少，最后有可能枯竭的情況下，生物燃料產(chǎn)業(yè)的任務(wù)是確保發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的越野車(chē)能在道路上疾馳。窮人始終處于劣勢(shì)地位。Brown認(rèn)為拯救地球的計(jì)劃必須是消除貧困，穩(wěn)定人口。但是，在執(zhí)行本計(jì)劃過(guò)程中，必須處理好經(jīng)濟(jì)利益和全球金融機(jī)構(gòu)的“民主赤字”問(wèn)題，因?yàn)楦F人通常被排除在外。

【答案】InBrown’slatestbook,hearguesthatthemostoptimisticestimatesofman’simpactonecologysuggestthatithasexceededabout20%oftheplanet’sregenerativecapacity.Itisimperativetosaveaplanetundergreatpressureandatroubledhumancivilization.Brownusesaseriesofdepressingstatisticstodescribetheeconomicturmoilcausedbyspeciesextinction,watershortagesanddecliningoilproduction,withaparticularemphasisonthenegativeeffectsofclimatechangeandwhatcanbedoneaboutthem.Hisdescriptionofthechaoscausedbyclimatechangeisshockingbutpersuasive:acompetitionforfoodbetweentheworld’spoorestpeopleandabiofuelsindustrythatseemsevenhungrier.Asoilpricesriseandproductionrunsout,thebiofuelindustry’sjobistokeepthedevelopedworld’soff-roadvehiclesontheroad.Thepoorarealwaysatadisadvantage.Brownbelievesthattheplantosavetheplanetmustbetoeradicatepovertyandstabilizepopulation.However,inimplementingtheplan,the“democraticdeficit”ofeconomicinterestsandglobalfinancialinstitutionsmustbeaddressed,sincethepoorareoftenexcluded.

17.單選題

Hethinksaboutnothingbutplaybilliard.He'scompletelyaddictedtoit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ascribedto

B.hookedupto

C.indulgedin

D.tendedto

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他只想著打臺(tái)球，完全沉迷其中。addictedto意為“沉迷于……”。ascribedto歸因于；hookedupto連接到；indulgedin沉溺于；tendedto傾向于。選項(xiàng)C與之意思最為相近。

18.單選題

Kazakhstanisto（）businessregistrationproceduresbylesseningthenumberofthedocumentsforbusinessregistration.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.simplify

B.signify

C.stimulate

D.stipulate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。simplify簡(jiǎn)化；signify表示，意味著；stimulate刺激，鼓舞；stipulate規(guī)定，保證。由lessening…可知哈薩克斯坦正在減少辦理商業(yè)登記的文件數(shù)量，目的是為了簡(jiǎn)化商業(yè)登記手續(xù)。故空格處所填單詞與lessening意思接近，A項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

Childhoodmemoirsoftengaintheirpoignancythroughasenseofdisplacement:eachlessonisaccompaniedbyalossof（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.perspective

B.innocence

C.permission

D.veracity

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：童年記憶經(jīng)常由于取代感而更加哀傷，每一次教訓(xùn)都伴隨著

的丟失。

perspective洞察力，看法；innocence純潔，純真；permission允許，許可；veracity誠(chéng)實(shí)，真實(shí)。故選B。

20.單選題

Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust（）thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworld-marketdemand.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.improve

B.enhance

C.gear

D.guarantee

【答案】C

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)improve“改善，增加”；B選項(xiàng)enhance“提高，加強(qiáng)”；C選項(xiàng)gear“使...適合”，后面通常接介詞to；D選項(xiàng)guarantee“擔(dān)保，保證”。句意：為了在國(guó)家間激烈的貿(mào)易競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中生存，我們必須使我們生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和種類(lèi)適應(yīng)世界市場(chǎng)的需求。選項(xiàng)C更符合語(yǔ)境。

21.單選題

12.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hisbackache.

B.Hisbrokenleg.

C.Hisskinproblem.

D.Hiseyecondition.

【答案】C

【解析】W:What’stheproblem?

M:Ihavehadanitchyrashonmybody,andarmsandlegsforthelasttwomonths.

W:Canyoudescribeit?

M:It’spinkwiththrustovalspots.

Q:Whathasbroughtthemanhere?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。對(duì)話(huà)中男士說(shuō)：I’vehadanitchingrashonmybody,andarmsandlegs(我身上、胳膊上和腿上起了很癢的皮疹)。

22.單選題

Theprofessorhasassignedthestudentsaresearchpaper,thepurpose（

）istoacquaintthemwithmethodsofscholarlyresearch.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.towhich

C.itthat

D.ofwhich

【答案】D

【解析】句意:教授己經(jīng)指定他的學(xué)生寫(xiě)一篇研究論文,為了使他們懂得學(xué)術(shù)研究的方法。

語(yǔ)法題。考查定語(yǔ)從句。題干中的thepurposeofwhichisto...相當(dāng)于whosepurposeisto。

23.單選題

Asthepaceoflifecontinuestoincrease,wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.Onceyouareinthehabitofrushingthroughlifeandworkingfrommorningtillnight,itishardtoslowdown.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymindandbody.Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Infact,itisnotthebadthingitisoftensupposedtobe.Acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovidemotivationandgivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestressgetsoutofcontrolthatitcanleadtopoorperformanceandillhealth.

Theamountofstressapersoncanwithstanddependsverymuchontheindividual.Somepeoplearenotafraidofstressandsuchcharactersareobviouslyprimematerialformanagerialresponsibilities.Othersloseheartatthefirstsignsofunusualdifficulties.Whenexposedtostress,inwhateverform,wereactbothchemicallyandphysically.Infactwemakechoicebetween“flightorfight”andinmoreprimitivedaysthechoicesmadethedifferencebetweenlifeordeath.Thecriseswemeettodayareunlikelytobesoextreme,buthoweverlittlethestress,itinvolvesthesameresponse.Itiswhensuchareactionlastslong,throughcontinuedexposuretostress,thathealthbecomesendangered.Suchseriousconditionsashighbloodpressureandheartdiseaseshaveestablishedlinkswithstress.Sincewecannotremovestressfromourlives—itwouldbeunwisetodosoevenifwecould,weneedtofindwaystodealwithit.

1.Peoplearefindinglessandlesstimetorelaxthemselvesbecause______.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,themostimportantcharacterforagoodmanagerishis______.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

4.Inparagraph2,“suchareaction”refersbackto______.

5.Inthelastsentenceofthearticle,“doso”refersto______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theydonotknowhowtoenjoythemselves

B.theydonotbelievethatrelaxationisimportantforhealth

C.theyaretravelingfastallthetime

D.theyarebecomingbusierwiththeirwork

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.notfearingstress

B.knowingtheartofrelaxation

C.highsenseofresponsibility

D.havingcontroloverperformance

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Wecanfindsomewaystoremovestress.

B.Stressisalwaysharmfultopeople.

C.Itiseasytochangethehabitofkeepingoneselfbusywithwork.

D.Differentpeoplecanwithstanddifferentamountofstress.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.“makingachoicebetween?flightorfight'”

B.“reactiontostressbothchemicallyandphysically”

C.“respondingtocrisesquickly”

D.“l(fā)osingheartatthesignsofdifficulties”

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.“exposeourselvestostress”

B.“findwaystodealwithstress”

C.“removestressfromourlives”

D.“establishlinksbetweendiseasesandstress”

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Onceyouareinthehabitofrushingthroughlifeandworkingfrommorningtillnight,itishardtoslowdown.”，可知因?yàn)槊τ诠ぷ?，所以生活很難慢下來(lái)，也就沒(méi)有時(shí)間放松自我。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Somepeoplearenotafraidofstressandsuchcharactersareobviouslyprimematerialformanagerialresponsibilities.”，可是不怕壓力是作為一個(gè)管理者的主要品質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Theamountofstressapersoncanwithstanddependsverymuchontheindividual.”，一個(gè)人能承受的壓力是因人而異的，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Whenexposedtostress,inwhateverform,wereactbothchemicallyandphysically.”，可知當(dāng)面對(duì)各種形式的壓力時(shí)，我們會(huì)產(chǎn)生生理和化學(xué)反應(yīng)，所以下文的reaction就是指這種反應(yīng)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Sincewe