考研考博-英語-南京科技職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南京科技職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Withourmagnificentnewcollegesoffurthereducation,thesuper-polytechnicsspringinguplikemushrooms,andourmuchvauntedincreaseofstudentsinfull-timeeducation,onevitalpointisbeinglefttousofeducationalthinking.Whatwillitearn?Because—sadasitmayseemtothosewhobelieveinits-mind-broadening,horizon-wideningandstaminatestingqualities—youcan'teateducation.Thereare39universitiesandcollegesofferingdegreecoursesinGeography,butIhaveneverseenanygoodjobsforGeographygraduatesadvertised.OramIaloneinsuspectingthattheywillallreturntoteachGeographytoanothersetofstudents,whointurnwillteachmoreGeographyundergraduates?

OnlytenuniversitiescurrentlyofferdegreecoursesinAeronauticalEngineering,whichperhapsisjustaswell,inviewofthespeedwiththeaircraftindustryhasbeendispensingwithexcesspersonnel.Ontheotherhand,hospitalcasualtydepartmentsthroughoutthecountryarehavingtoclosedownbecauseofthelackofdoctors.Thereason?Universitymedicalschoolscanonlyfindplacesforhalforthosewhoapply.

ItseemstomethatthetimeisripefortheDepartmentofEmploymentandProductivityandtheDepartmentofEducationandSciencetogettogetherwiththeuniversitiesandproducearevisededucationalsystemthatwillmakeamoreeconomicuseofthewealthoftalent,applicationandindustrycurrentlybeingfittedawayoncertificates,diplomasanddegreesthatnoonewantstoknowabout.Theymightmakeastartbyreintroducingagenuine“General”CertificateofEducation.Inthedayswhenitmeantsomething,thiswascalledtheSchoolCertificate.Employerslikedit,becauseitindicatedproficiencyinEnglish,Arithmetic,ScienceandHumanities—inotherwords,thatyouhadanall-roundeducation.Youcoulduseitasaspringboardtohighereducation,butitactuallymeantsomethinginitself,ineveryindustryforchemicaltoclothing.

1.TheusefulnessofGeographycoursesisrestrictedmainlybecause（

）.

2.Incontrastwiththeaircraftindustry,hospitals

（

）.

3.“Industry”(Line4,Para....3)means

（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“noonewantstoknowabout”(Line5,Para.3)?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.therearenogoodjobsforGeographygraduatesadvertised

B.Geographygraduatescanonlybeteachers

C.GeographygraduatesarenotallowedtodothejobsrelatedtoGeography

D.Geographygraduatesarenotqualifiedformanyjobsduetothepoortrainingtheyreceivedinschool

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.arefullofqualifiedpersonnel

B.havemorequalifiedpersonnelthanschools

C.needmorequalifiedpersonnelthantheycanget

D.needfewerpersonnelthanotherorganizations

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.business

B.hardwork

C.trade

D.educationalsystem

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Nooneknowsaboutthem.

B.Noonehastheideaoftheuseofthem

C.Thereisnointerestinordemandforthem

D.Thereisnouseinknowingaboutthem

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“教育思想留給我們一個(gè)重要的問題。它能掙多少錢?對于那些相信教育能使人開闊思維、開闊視野、具備吃苦耐勞品質(zhì)的人來說這似乎很悲哀，因?yàn)榻逃⒉荒茏屇闾铒柖亲??！苯酉聛硪缘乩韺I(yè)的畢業(yè)生為例來說明這個(gè)問題，所以由此可以推斷，地理課程的實(shí)用性收到限制是因?yàn)榻逃膯栴}，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“hospitalcasualtydepartmentsthroughoutthecountryarehavingtoclosedownbecauseofthelackofdoctors.由于缺少醫(yī)生，全國各地的醫(yī)院急診室都不得不關(guān)閉。”由此可知，醫(yī)院需要比他們所能得到的還要更多的合格人員，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.詞義題。根據(jù)下文的描述“industrycurrentlybeingfittedawayoncertificates,diplomasanddegreesthatnoonewantstoknowabout.目前，‘industry’正在提供沒有人想知道的證書、文憑和學(xué)位。”證書，文憑和學(xué)位都是涉及教育的，由此可推測“industry”指的是教育體系。

4.語義題。根據(jù)上一題可知，這里沒人想知道的是教育體系所提供的證書，文憑和學(xué)位。再根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，作者呼吁各部門一起改變現(xiàn)有的教育體系，并建議引進(jìn)真正通用的教育證書。說明人們對現(xiàn)在的教育體系所提供的證書，文憑和學(xué)位不感興趣而且也不需要。所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.翻譯題

現(xiàn)在我們正面臨著一項(xiàng)嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)：全球變暖。地球氣候持續(xù)惡化，正在演變成一場事關(guān)緊要的戰(zhàn)爭，而從任何一個(gè)方面來看，美國正在輸?shù)暨@場戰(zhàn)爭。美國每年釋放的溫室氣體約占全球總量的25%，并聲稱它不打算采取任何減排措施。困難還在于，即使絕大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為氣候變化是個(gè)全球性的緊急事件，如何解決這個(gè)問題很難達(dá)成共識。工業(yè)界提出自己的方案，可惜這些方案通常解決不了什么問題。環(huán)保主義者也獻(xiàn)策，可惜他們的方案往往過于天真，以至于會嚴(yán)重阻礙美國社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。但是一個(gè)宏大而有效的方案到底是什么樣的呢？如何才能讓我們同時(shí)擁有安全的環(huán)境和良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長？

然而，只要我們能制定出可行的戰(zhàn)略，將短期措施和長遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo)結(jié)合起來，將務(wù)實(shí)精神和雄心壯志結(jié)合起來，我們就能做到既不損害經(jīng)濟(jì)，又幫助遏制氣候變化帶來的最壞影響，并保證我們的后代在這個(gè)世界上能生存下來。要實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)，最需要的是決心和意志。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Nowweareconfrontedwithaformidablechallenge:globalwarming.TheglobalclimategoesondeterioratingandisevolvingintoacrucialwartheUnitedStatesislosingfromanyperspective.Everyyear,theUnitedStatesemitsnearly25%oftheglobalgreenhousegasesandclaimsthatithasnointentionoftakinganyemission-reductionmeasures.Thedifficultyalsoliesinthefactthateventheoverwhelmingmajorityofpeopleconsidertheclimatechangetobeaglobalemergency,itisverydifficulttofindacommomgroundastohowtosolvethoseproblems.Theindustrialworldhascomeupwithschemes,whichunfortunatelyarenotsolutionstoproblems.Environmentalistsalsosuggestwaysandmeans,butregrettablytheirschemesaresonaivethattheymayhinderthesocialandeconomicdevelopmentoftheUnitedStates.Butwhatonearthisagrandandeffectiveschemelike?Howcanwepossessbothasafeenvironmentandafantasticeconomicgrowth?

However,aslongasweworkoutfeasibletactics,combineshort-termmeasureswithlong-termgoals,integratepracticalspiritwithambition,wecannotonlyprotecteconomybutalsohelpholdbacktheworsteffectscausedbyclimatechangesandensurethatourdescendentssurviveintheworld.Torealizethisgoal,whatweneedmostisdeterminationandwill.

3.單選題

OrdinarilyProfessorLingisaperfectlyreasonableman,soIdon'tunderstandwhyheisbeingsostubborninthiscase.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aperfectly

B.Idon'tunderstandwhy

C.isbeing

D.inthiscase

E.沒有問題

【答案】E

4.單選題

Sheisthemost（）secretaryI’veeverhad.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.efficient

B.effective

C.industrial

D.practiced

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)efficient“有效率的；有能力的；生效的”，B選項(xiàng)effective“有效的，起作用的；實(shí)際的”，C選項(xiàng)industrial“工業(yè)的，產(chǎn)業(yè)的”，D選項(xiàng)practiced“熟練的；有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的；老練的”；然后看到題干：她是為我效力過的最（）的秘書。可以看出只有A帶進(jìn)去最符合，她應(yīng)該是效率高，能力高的秘書，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

Itdidnottakelongforthecentralbankto（）theirfears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.soothe

B.snub

C.smear

D.sanctify

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。soothe“使平靜，安慰，緩和”；snub“冷落，斥責(zé)”；smear“涂上，抹掉，誹謗”；sanctify“使神圣”。句意：銀行并沒有花費(fèi)很長時(shí)間就緩解了人們的憂慮。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.單選題

Ifpeopledidn'tperspire,theywoulddieinfiveminutes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.breathe

B.eat

C.sweat

D.drink

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果人們不流汗，他們將在五分鐘內(nèi)死去。perspire意為使排汗，分泌出。只有選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近。

7.單選題

Theriverwas（）withindustrialwastefromthenearbyfactory.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Irradiated

B.contaminated

C.corrupted

D.fragmented

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析。句意:這條河被來自附近的工業(yè)廢料（）。

irradiate輻射；contaminate污染；corrupt使腐敗，使墮落；fragment分裂，使成碎片。由題意可知這條河被工業(yè)廢料污染了，B選項(xiàng)“污染”符合句意。

8.單選題

Manycountrieshavenowsucceededin（

）themalarialmosquito.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.erasing

B.eradicating

C.abolishing

D.demolishing

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。erase意為“清除，消除，擦掉”，多指清除債務(wù)，記憶等；eradicate意為“摧毀，完全根除”，強(qiáng)調(diào)徹底清楚；abolish意為“廢除，廢止”，一般指廢除有關(guān)習(xí)俗、制度、法律、制度等；demolish意為“摧毀，拆毀”，多指拆掉建筑物。

句意：許多國家現(xiàn)已成功根除瘧疾蚊子。

9.單選題

Mr.Whiteisovereighty,buthestill______hispositionaschairmanoftheboardandwillnotretire.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.goesinfor

B.getsonwith

C.fallsbackon

D.holdsonto

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.goesinfor參加，追求B.getsonwith在……獲得成功，與……友好相處

C.fallsbackon求助于，回頭再說D.holdsonto堅(jiān)持，抓住不放

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】由空格后的hisposition（他的職位）可知，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)只有D項(xiàng)符合，表示“保留職位”。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】懷特先生已經(jīng)八十多歲了，但他仍然保留著董事長的職位，不會退休。

10.單選題

Theteacherwantedtomakethestudentsrealizethatreadinggoodliteratureisagoodwaytobroadentheir（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vision

B.horizon

C.scope

D.expansion

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。vision“幻覺”;horizon“眼界，地平線”;scope“范圍”;expansion“擴(kuò)充”。句意：這位老師想讓學(xué)生們意識到讀一些好的文學(xué)作品是開闊視野的一個(gè)好的方法。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.單選題

InthecourseofmyreadingIhadcomeacrossacasewhere,manyyearsago,somehuntersonourGreatPlainsorganizedabuffalohuntfortheentertainmentofanEnglishearlandprovidesomefreshmeatforhisuse.Theyhadcharmingsport.Theykilledseventy-twoofthosegreatanimals;andatepartofoneofthemandlefttheseventy-onetorot.Inordertodeterminethedifferencebetweenananacondaandanearl,Ihadsevenlambsturnedintotheanaconda’scage.Thegratefulsnakeimmediatelycrushedoneofthemandswallowedit,thenlaybacksatisfied.Itshowednofurtherinterestinthelamb,andnoinclinationtoharmthem.Itriedthisexperimentwithotheranacondasisthattheearliscruelandtheanacondaisn’t;andtheearlwantonlydestroyedwhathehasnousefor,buttheanacondadoesn’t.Thisseemedtosuggestthattheanacondawasnotdescendedfromtheearl.Italsoseemedtosuggestthattheearlwasdescendedfromtheanacondaandhadlostagooddealinthetransition.

Iwasawarethatmanymenwhohaveaccumulatedmoremoneythantheycaneverusehaveshownahungerformore,andhavenothesitatedtocheattheignorantandthehelplessoutoftheirpoorsavingsinordertopartiallysatisfytheappetite.Ifurnishedahundreddifferentkindsofwildanddomesticanimalstheopportunitytoaccumulatevaststoresoffoodbutnoneofthemwoulddoit.Thesquirrelsandbeesandcertainbirdsmadeaccumulations,butstoppedwhentheygatheredawinter’ssupply,andcouldnotbepersuadedtoaddtoiteitherhonestlyorbetrickery.Theseexperimentsconvincedmethatthereisthisdifferencebetweenmanandthehigheranimals;heisgreedy,theyarenot.

Inthecourseofmyexperiments,Iconvincedmyselfthatamongtheanimalsmanistheonlyonethatharborsinsultsandinjuries,broodsoverthem,waitstillachanceoffers,thentakesrevenge.Thepassionofrevengeisunknowntothehigheranimals.

1.Bydescribingthebuffalohuntingandhisexperimentwiththeanaconda,theauthormainlywants

totellhisreadersthat（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,inhumansociety,therich（）.

3.Theauthor'sexperimentswithdifferentkindsofanimalsseemtoprovethat（）.

4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

5.Inthispassage,theauthorwritesina(n)（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theanacondaiseasilysatisfied

B.theearliscapableofcommittingwantoncruelty

C.theearl’sancestorturnedouttobetheanaconda

D.theanacondadoesnotharmotheranimalsexceptwhenitishungry

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.tendtoaccumulatevaststoresoffood

B.areinclinedtogathermoreriches

C.arereadytohelpthepoor

D.ismostlycheaters

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.manisthehighestanimal

B.manissuperiortoanimals

C.manisthelowestanimal

D.manisinferiortoanimalsincertainrespect

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.loveofrevengeisauniquecharacteristicofman

B.manistheonlyanimalcapableofthinking

C.humanbeingsarecapableofinsultingandinjuringeachother

D.manisbetterintakingchancesthananimals

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.serioustone

B.angrytone

C.ironictone

D.matter-of-facttone

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意為:通過描述狩獵水牛，以及他用蟒蛇做的實(shí)驗(yàn)，作者主要想告訴讀者什么？第一段指出:Theykilledseventy-twoofthosegreatanimals;andatepartofoneofthemandlefttheseventy-onetorot(他們殺了72頭牛，然后吃了一頭牛的一部分，將剩下的71頭牛丟下以腐爛)。接下來作者為了區(qū)分動物和人類，用蟒蛇做了實(shí)驗(yàn)。后面指出:Itriedthisexperimentwithotheranacondasisthattheearliscruelandtheanacondaisn’t(我用這個(gè)蟒蛇的實(shí)驗(yàn)是想表明，伯爵是殘忍的，蟒蛇不是)。因此B項(xiàng)“伯爵能做出荒唐的殘忍行為”正確。

2.判斷推理題。題干意為:作者認(rèn)為，在人類社會中，富人如何？A:往往積累大量的食物。B:傾向于聚集更多的財(cái)富。C:準(zhǔn)備幫助窮人。D:大多數(shù)是騙子。第二段指出:Iwasawarethatmanymenwhohaveaccumulatedmoremoneythantheycaneverusehaveshownahungerformore,andhavenothesitatedtocheattheignorantandthehelplessoutoftheirpoorsavingsinordertopartiallysatisfytheappetite(我發(fā)現(xiàn)，很多已經(jīng)聚集大量財(cái)富的人會想要得到更多，并且毫不猶豫地欺騙無辜的人和無助的窮人，以滿足他們貪婪的欲望)。A項(xiàng)跟D項(xiàng)沒有提及，C項(xiàng)與原文所述相反，B項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。題干意為:作者用不同的動物做實(shí)驗(yàn)，似乎想證明什么？第二段指出:...butstoppedwhentheygatheredawinter’ssupply,andcouldnotbepersuadedtoaddtoiteitherhonestlyorbetrickery.Theseexperimentsconvincedmethatthereisthisdifferencebetweenmanandthehigheranimals;heisgreedy,theyarenot…(當(dāng)滿足了冬天生存的食物供給吋，他們就會停止積累食物，并且，也不會因其他原因而增加。這些實(shí)驗(yàn)告訴我，人類和高等動物的區(qū)別，即人類是貪婪的，而高等動物不是)。

4.判斷推理題。題干意為:從最后一段，我們可得知:Inthecourseofmyexperiments,Iconvincedmyselfthatamongtheanimalsmanistheonlyonethatharborsinsultsandinjuries,broodsoverthem,waitstillachanceoffers,thentakesrevenge.Thepassionofrevengeisunknowntothehigheranimals(在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，我相信，在動物中，人是唯一心懷侮辱的動物，傷害他人并與他人計(jì)較，而且人類會等待機(jī)會，采取報(bào)復(fù)。復(fù)仇的熱情是高等動物未知的)。因此C項(xiàng)“人類能互相侮辱和傷害”正確。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干意為:作者以何種態(tài)度寫這篇文章？文章中作者認(rèn)為人類是貪婪的，不滿足的。因此選C項(xiàng)“諷刺的”。

12.翻譯題

當(dāng)前，國際形勢正在發(fā)生深刻而復(fù)雜的變化。和平、發(fā)展、合作是當(dāng)今時(shí)代的主旋律。世界多極化和經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的趨勢深入發(fā)展，科技進(jìn)步日新月異，區(qū)域合作方興未艾，各國相互依存不斷加深，這些都為世界各國帶來了難得的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。同時(shí)，全球發(fā)展不均衡，南北差距拉大，傳統(tǒng)安全威脅和非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅相互交織，影響世界和平與發(fā)展的不穩(wěn)定不確定因素增多，廣大發(fā)展中國家實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展面臨著嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。

中國是最大的發(fā)展中國家，非洲是發(fā)展中國家最集中的大陸，中國和非洲的人口占世界人口三分之一以上。沒有中國和非洲的和平與發(fā)展，就沒有世界的和平與發(fā)展。

【答案】【參考譯文】Atpresent,theinternationalsituationisundergoingprofoundandcomplexchanges.Peace,developmentandcooperationarethethemesofthepresentera.Thetrendofworldmulti-polarizationandeconomicglobalizationisdevelopingfurther,theprogressinscienceandtechnologyischangingwitheachpassingday,theregionalcooperationismakingrobustprogress,andtheinterdependencebetweeneachnationgoesfurther.Allthesehavecreatedraredevelopmentopportunitiesfortheinternationalcommunity.Atthesametime,imbalanceinglobaldevelopment,wideninggapbetweenNorthandSouth,thecombinationoftraditionalandnon-traditionalsecuritythreatsaswellasincreasingfactorsofinstabilityanduncertaintystandinginthewayofpeaceanddevelopmentallposeadauntingchallengetodevelopingcountriesintheirpursuitofsustainabledevelopment.

Chinaisthelargestdevelopingcountryintheworld,andAfricaishometothelargestnumberofdevelopingcountriesintheworld.Ourcombinedpopulationaccountsforoverathirdoftheworldtotalpopulation.WithoutpeaceanddevelopmentinChinaandAfrica,therewillbenoglobalpeaceanddevelopment.

13.單選題

Thetragicimpactofthemodemcityonthehumanbeinghaskilledhissenseofaesthetic.Thematerialbenefitsofanaffluentsocietyhavedivertedhisattentionfromhiscityanditsculturalpotentialstotheproductsofscienceandtechnologywashingmachines,centralheating,automaticcookers,televisionsets,computersandfittedcarpets.Heis,atthemoment,drunkwithdemocracy,well-to-do.acardriver,andhasneverhaditsogood.

HeisreluctanttoWalk.Statisticsrevealthatthedistanceheispreparedtowalkfromhisparkingplacetohisshoppingcenterisveryshort.Astherearenoadequateoff-streetparkingfacilities,thecitiesarelitteredwithkerb-parkedcarsandparkingmetersrearthemselveseverywhere.Congestionha9becomethepredominantfactorinhisenvironmentandstatisticssuggestthattwocarsperhouseholdsystemmaysoonmakemattersworse.

Inthemeantime,insultisaddedtoinjuryby“l(fā)andvalue’’..Thevalueoflandresultsfromitsuse:itsincomeisderivedfromtheserviceitprovides.Whenitsuseisintensified,itsincomeanditsvalueincrease.“Puttinglandtoitshighestandbestuse”becomestheprincipaleconomicstandardinurbangrown.Thisspeculativeapproachandthepressureofincreasingpopulationleadtothe“vertical”growthofcitieswiththeresultthatpeopleareforcedtoadjustthemselvestocongestioninordertomaintaintheserelativelyartificiallandvalues.Paradoxicallytheremedyforremovingcongestionistocreatemoreofit.

Partialdecentralization,orrather,pseudo-decentralizationintheformoflargedevelopmentunitsawayfromthetraditionaltowncenters,onlyshiftsthediseaseroundtheanatomyofthetown:ifitisnotcombinedwiththeremodelingofthetown’stransportationsystemitdoesnotcureit.Heretheengineeringsolutionsarestronglyaffectedbythenecessityforcomplicatedintersectionswhichinrum,arefrustratedbytheextravagantcostofland.

Itiswithinourpowertobuildbettercitiesandrevivethecivicprideoftheircitizens,butweshallhavetostopoperatingonthefringeoftheproblem.Weshallhaveradicallytoreplanthemtoachievearationaldensityofpopulation.Weshallhavetoprovideinthemwhatcanbecalledminimum“psychologicalelbowroom.”O(jiān)neoftheingredientsofthiswillbepropertransportationplans.Thesewillhavetobeanintegralpartoftheoverallplanningprocesswhichinitselfisascientificprocesswherefactsareessential.Wemustcollect,inanorganizedmanner,allandcompleteinformationaboutthecityorthetown,ifwewanttoplaneffectively.

Theprincipalunitthisprocessis“IM”(oneman).Wemustnotforgetthatcitiesarebuiltbypeople,andthattheirformandshapeshouldbesubjecttothewillorthepeople.Scientificmethodsofdatacollectionandanalysiswillindicatetrends,buttheywillnotdirectaction.Scientificmethodsareonlyaninstrument.The‘man-educated"man,thehumanwillhavetosetthetarget,andusingtheresultsobtainedbyscienceandhisownengineeringskill:takeuponhimselfthefinalshapingofhisenvironment.Hewillhavetousehishighmoralsenseofresponsibilitytothecommunityandtofuturegenerations.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthatpeopleinoldtimes（

）.

2.Thehighly-developedtechnologyhasmademan（

）.

3.Thedrasticincreaseoflandvalueinthecity（

）.

4.Theexpansionofbigcitiestothedistantsuburbanareasmay（

）.

5.Theauthorsuggeststhattheremodelingofcitiesmust（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paidmoreattentiontomaterialbenefits

B.hadastrongersenseofbeauty

C.weremoredesirousaboutthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology

D.enjoyedmorefreedomanddemocracy

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.increasinglyindustrious

B.freefrominconvenience

C.excessivelydependentonexternalaids

D.abletosavehisphysicalstrength

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.isthegoodresultofeconomicdevelopment

B.offersmoreopportunitiestolanddealers

C.isannoyinglyartificialandmeaningless

D.fortunatelyleadstothe“vertical”growthofcities

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.solvetheproblemofcitycongestion

B.resultintheremodelingofthetown’stransportationsystem

C.bringthesamecongestiontothesuburbanareas

D.needlessinvestmentonland

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.putprioritytothebenefitofthefuturegenerations

B.befocusedonpeopleratherthanoneconomy

C.beeconomicallyprofitabletolandowners

D.resorttoscientificmethods

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一句Thetragicimpactofthemodemcityonthehumanbeinghaskilledhissenseofaesthetic.現(xiàn)代城市對人類產(chǎn)生的悲劇性影響己經(jīng)扼殺了人類的審美意識。所以推斷他認(rèn)為古時(shí)候的人的審美意識更強(qiáng)一些。B選項(xiàng)’有更強(qiáng)的審美觀‘正確。

2.根據(jù)第一段的后半部分和第二段的前兩句中Heis,atthemoment,drunkwithdemocracy,well-to-do.acardriver,andhasneverhaditsogood.Heisreluctanttowalk.Statisticsrevealthatthedistanceheispreparedtowalkfromhisparkingplacetohisshoppingcenterisveryshort：此時(shí)此刻，人們陶醉于民主、富足、以車代步，這種感覺是以前所沒有的。人們不愿步行。統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)表明，人們從停車地點(diǎn)到購物商店，愿意步行的距離很短。推斷人類在享受著科技成果帶來的種種方便的同時(shí)也變得更加懶惰了，人類已經(jīng)變得更加依賴外來的幫助，即現(xiàn)代化機(jī)器的幫助。所以C選項(xiàng)‘過分依靠外部幫助‘正確。

3.根據(jù)文章第三段可知，土地價(jià)值的增長一是人為的，二是對于解決城市擁擠的問題無濟(jì)于事。所以C選項(xiàng)’是令人討厭的人為和無意義的‘符合題意。

4.根據(jù)第四段Partialdecentralization,orrather,pseudo-decentralization,intheformoflargedevelopmentunitsawayfromthetraditionaltowncenters,onlyshiftsthediseaseroundtheanatomyofthetown：采取把大型的發(fā)展單位遷離傳統(tǒng)的中心城市的做法，是一種部分分散，或更準(zhǔn)確地說是一種準(zhǔn)分散。因?yàn)檫@種分散只會把中心城市的擁擠弊病帶給新興地區(qū)。確定C選項(xiàng)‘把同樣的擁擠弊病帶給新興地區(qū)‘正確。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容Wemustnotforgetthatcitiesarebuiltbypeople,andthattheirformandshapeshouldbesubjecttothewillofthepeople.：我們一定不要忘記，城市是由人來建設(shè)的，城市的布局和外觀形象應(yīng)該受人民的意愿所支配。所以推斷作者認(rèn)為，城市是由人建造的，它們的構(gòu)成以及形式應(yīng)該取決于人的意志。這也就是說，城市的重新設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)人的意志，所以B選項(xiàng)‘以人民的意愿為重點(diǎn)‘正確。

14.單選題

ThechangeingloballyaveragedtemperaturethathaveoccurredatthattheEarth’ssurfaceoverthepastcenturyaresimilarinsizeandtimingtothose（1）bymodelstakeintoaccountthecombinedinfluencesofhumanfactorsandsolarvariability.

To（2）thequestionofattributionrequiresthe（3）ofmorepowerfulandcomplexmethods,beyondtheuseofglobalaveragesalone.Newstudieshavefocusedon（4）mapsorpatternsoftemperaturechangein（5）andinmodels.Patternanalysisistheclimatologicallyequivalentofthemorecomprehensivetestsinthemedicalanalogymentioned（6）,andmakesitpossibletoachievemoredefinitive（7）ofobservedclimatechangedtoaparticularcauseorcauses.

TheexpectedinfluenceofhumanactivitiesisthoughttobemuchmorecomplexthanuniformwarmingovertheentiresurfaceoftheEarthandoverthewhole（8）cycle.Patternsofchangeoverspaceandtimethereforeprovideamorepowerful（9）technique.Thebasicidea（10）pattern-basedapproachesisthatdifferent（11）causesofclimatechangehavedifferentcharacteristicpatternsofclimateresponseorfingerprints.Attributionstudiesseekto（12）afingerprintmatchbetweenthepatternsofclimatechange（13）bymodelsandthoseactuallyobserved.

Themostrecentassessmentofthesciencesuggeststhathumanactivitieshaveledtoadiscernible（14）onglobalclimateandthattheseactivitieswillhaveandincreasinginfluenceonfutureclimate.Theburningofcoal,oilandnaturalgas,aswellasvariousagriculturalandindustrialpractices,are（15）thecompositionoftheatmosphereandcontributingtoclimatechange.Thesehumanactivitieshaveledtoincreasedatmospheric（16）ofanumberofgreenhousegases,includingcarbondioxide,methaneandsoonintheloweratmosphere.

Humanactivities,suchastheburningoffossil,havealsoincreasedthe（17）ofsmallparticlesintheatmosphere.Theseparticlescanchangethe（18）ofenergythatisabsorbedandreflectedbytheatmosphere.Theyarealsobelievedtomodifythe（19）ofairandclouds,changingtheamountofenergythattheyabsorbandreflect.Intensivestudiesoftheclimateeffectsoftheseparticlesbeganonlyrecentlyandtheoverall（20）isuncertain.Itislikelythattheneteffectofthesesmallparticlesistocooltheclimateandtopartiallyoffsetthewarmingofincreasingconcentrationsofgreenhousegases.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.incensed

B.personify

C.interact

D.predicted

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.array

B.ascertain

C.probe

D.perturb

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.application

B.integration

C.avenge

D.intervene

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.conforming

B.comparing

C.biding

D.budgeting

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.junctions

B.junctures

C.obligations

D.observations

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.optionally

B.ornamentally

C.previously

D.predicatively

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.attribution

B.autonomy

C.indication

D.induction

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.immune

B.seasonal

C.formidable

D.perceptible

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.analysis

B.disposal

C.antigen

D.disincentive

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.avenging

B.underestimating

C.ascending

D.underlying

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.potential

B.respectable

C.secretive

D.sturdy

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.weary

B.obtain

C.wink

D.retard

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.oriented

B.kenned

C.predicted

D.lapsed

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.modification

B.nomination

C.penetration

D.influence

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.paving

B.altering

C.retreating

D.saluting

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.stabilities

B.popularities

C.concentrations

D.hierarchies

問題17選項(xiàng)/r