考研考博-英語-四川幼兒師范高等專科學(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2_第1頁
考研考博-英語-四川幼兒師范高等??茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2_第2頁
考研考博-英語-四川幼兒師范高等專科學(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2_第3頁
考研考博-英語-四川幼兒師范高等??茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2_第4頁
考研考博-英語-四川幼兒師范高等??茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩186頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進行舉報或認領(lǐng)

文檔簡介

書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川幼兒師范高等??茖W(xué)校押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thepersonwho()thistypeofresearchdeservesourpraise.

問題1選項

A.originated

B.manufactured

C.generated

D.estimated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:發(fā)起這類研究的人值得夸獎。

考查動詞辨析。選項均為對應(yīng)動詞的過去式。originate創(chuàng)立;開創(chuàng);發(fā)明;manufacture制造,生產(chǎn);加工;generate引起;產(chǎn)生;estimate估計;預(yù)測;評價。因此A項符合句意。

2.單選題

Whatmakesagreatcommunicator?Awillingnesstosharethatdrivingsenseofmissionandaburningfaiththatotherswillembrace,too.

Asanentrepreneur,youhaveanextraordinarystorytotell.Butwhetheryou’repitchingorpromotingaservice,product,company,orcause,howyoucraftanddeliveryourmessagecouldmeanthedifferencebetweenmakingthesaleorbeingshownthedoor.Somepeoplearesimplybetterthanothersatarticulatingtheirmessage.

Raisingthebar

Myworktakesmeacrossthecountryandexposesmetospokespeopleinavarietyofindustries.Butthegoalsarealwaysthesame:Toarticulateamessagethatmeetsthedemandsofcontemporaryaudiences,whowanttheirspeakerstobepassionate,inspiring,brief,captivating,andclear.

AsthemajorityofusareaccustomedtoPowerPointshows,24-hourcablenews,andMTV-stylevideos,ourperceptionofgreatcorporatespeakershaschanged.Thegreatspokespeopleofourtimehaveraisedthebaronwhatitmeanstobeabusinesscommunicator—andyou’rebeingcomparedtothem.

WhenCNBCinterviewsAppleCEOSteveJobs,you’rebeingcomparedtohim.WhenC-SPANbringsBritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlairintoourlivingroomseveryweek,you’rebeingcomparedtohim.WhenCiscoCEOJohnChambersdeliversadazzlingPowerPointshow,you’rebeingcomparedtohim.They’vemastered10techniquesthatsetthemapart—techniquesthatIuncoveredwhileresearchingmynewbook,“10SimpleSecretsoftheWorld’sGreatestBusinessCommunicators.”

Pitchingwithoomph

Butenoughtalkabout“thesecrets”.Let’sgetstarted.Extraordinaryentrepreneursandbusinessprofessionalcredittheircommunicationskillsformuchoftheirsuccess,andeachisfueledbypassionatecommitmenttotheirservice,product,company,orcause.Passionseparatestheworld’stoppitchmenfromthevastmajorityofmediocrepresenters.Withoutpassion,youwillfailtomotivate,inspire,andelectrifyyouraudiences.

StarbucksChairmanHowardSchultzdidn’tbuildoneofthemostadmiredbrandsintheworldbecauseheblendstherightmixofespresso,steamedmilk,andfoam.WhileinterviewingSchultzfor“10SimpleSecrets”,Iquicklyrealizedhedoesn’tleavehispassionattheoffice.Whilemanyofuslikecoffeeevenloveit,Schultzispassionateaboutit.Reallypassionate.

Duringanow-famoustriptoItaly,onapiazzainMilan,Schultz’slifewasforeverchanged.TheItalianswerepassionateabouttheircoffee,heexcitedlytoldhiswife.SchultzbroughtthatpassionbacktoAmericaandtransformedasmallSeattlecoffee-beanstoreintoanAmericaninstitution.HiszealconvincedinvestorstobuyintohisconceptofbringingItalian-stylecafestoAmerica—andwithoutit,weneverwouldhavebeenintroducedtomochafrappuccinos!

Emotionalrapport

Atthispoint,someofyoumightbesaying,“Mypassionistogetrich.”Fine.ButI’murgingyoutodigdeeper.Yousee,I’vepersonallymetandinterviewedseveralentrepreneurswhohavejoinedthebillionairesclub.I’vewatchedthemaddressstaff,customers,andinvestors.Notoncedidtheyeverdiscusshowmuchjoytheygetoutofbeingwealthy.Instead,theybuildanemotionalrapportwiththeirlistenersbysharingtheirconnectiontothetopic—theirpassion—throughpersonalstories,anecdotes,andexamples.

Nowaskyourself,“What’smyconnectiontomymessage?”Ifyou’reafinancialplanner,isittohelpyourcustomersavoidthepainfuldebtyousawyourparentsfallinto?ItisforSuzeOrman,whotappedintothatpassiontofuelhersuccessasanauthorandtelevisionhost.Ofyousellnetworkinghardware,isyourpassionfueledbythedesiretochangethewaytheworldlives,works,plays,andlearns?ItisforCiscoSystemsCEOJohnChambers,whosepassionatevisionofthefuturehasearnedhimaspotasoneofthemostadmiredchiefexecutivesincorporateAmerica.

Ifyoumanageacoffeeshoporrestaurant,isyourpassiontocreateawelcoming“thirdplace”betweenhomeandworkforyourcustomerstoenjoy?ItisforHowardSchultz,whosepassionhasliterallychangedthedailyhabitsofmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.Sowhetheryou’readdressingandaudienceof1or1,000,revealyourpassionbyidentifyingandsharingyourpersonalconnectiontoyourcompanymessage.Itwillsetyouapartasaspeaker.

26.What’stherelationshipbetweenthelasttwoparagraphs?

27.Thepassageindicatesthatitisimportantto________inbusinesscommunication.

28.ThispassageismeanttotargetthefollowinggroupsofreadersEXCEPT________.

29.Whatdoesthe“thirdplace”inthelastparagraphreferto?

30.Bysaying“Raisingthebar”(Paragraph3),theauthormeans________.

問題1選項

A.Theybothsupportthesametopicsentence.

B.Theypresentopposingideasrespectively.

C.Thelatteristheillustrationoftheformer.

D.Thelatteristhelogicalresultoftheformer.

問題2選項

A.establishpersonalfriendship

B.showpassioninconveyingmessage

C.employhighcommunicativeskills

D.meetlisteners’emotionaldemands

問題3選項

A.entrepreneurs

B.salespersons

C.publicspeakers

D.shopowners

問題4選項

A.Aplacetoenjoy.

B.Ashoptoshareyourpersonalinformation.

C.Acoffeeshoporrestaurant.

D.Aprivateplacetorevealyourpassion.

問題5選項

A.ahigherstandardforbusinesscommunicators

B.abetterarticulationofmessagesincommunication

C.thatbusinesscommunicatorsshouldmaster10techniques

D.thatbusinesscommunicatorsarebeingcomparedtofigureslikespokespeople

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第十段第一句Nowaskyourself,“What’smyconnectiontomymessage?”(現(xiàn)在問問你自己,“我和我表達的信息有什么聯(lián)系?”)和最后一段revealyourpassionbyidentifyingandsharingyourpersonalconnectiontoyourcompanymessage(通過識別并分享你與公司信息的個人聯(lián)系來展現(xiàn)你的熱情),可知這兩段都在講通過表達自己與自己表達的信息聯(lián)系來加強情感聯(lián)系,所以A選項“支持同一個主題句”正確。B選項“分別提出相反的觀點”,C選項“后者是前者的例證”和D選項“后者是前者的結(jié)果”不符合題意,故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段第三句Extraordinaryentrepreneursandbusinessprofessionalcredittheircommunicationskillsformuchoftheirsuccess,andeachisfueledbypassionatecommitmenttotheirservice,product,company,orcause.(卓越的企業(yè)家和商業(yè)專業(yè)人士將他們的成功歸功于他們的溝通技巧,每個人都對自己的服務(wù)、產(chǎn)品、公司或事業(yè)充滿熱情。),可知激情在商務(wù)交流上最重要,所以B選項“在傳達信息時表現(xiàn)出熱情”正確。A選項“建立私交”:根據(jù)第九段someofyoumightbesaying,“Mypassionistogetrich…Notoncedidtheyeverdiscusshowmuchjoytheygetoutofbeingwealthy.Instead,theybuildanemotionalrapportwiththeirlistenersbysharingtheirconnectiontothetopic—theirpassion—throughpersonalstories,anecdotes,andexamples.(你們中的一些人可能會說,“我的激情是致富……他們從來沒有討論過他們從富有中得到了多少快樂。相反,他們通過分享自己的故事、軼事和例子,與聽眾建立起一種情感上的融洽),這里表達的是激情不是來自于對致富的渴望,而不是說在商務(wù)交流中建立交情很重要,故錯誤。C選項“運用高度的溝通技巧”和D選項“滿足聽眾的情感需求”:文章沒有提到,故錯誤。因此B選項正確。

28.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Butwhetheryou’repitchingorpromotingaservice,product,company,orcause,howyoucraftanddeliveryourmessagecouldmeanthedifferencebetweenmakingthesaleorbeingshownthedoor.(但無論你是在推銷或推廣一項服務(wù)、產(chǎn)品、公司或事業(yè),你如何精心制作和傳遞你的信息可能意味著成功銷售或被解雇的區(qū)別。)和第六段倒數(shù)第二句Passionseparatestheworld’stoppitchmenfromthevastmajorityofmediocrepresenters.(激情將世界上最優(yōu)秀的推銷員與絕大多數(shù)平庸的演講者區(qū)分開來。),可知本文一直強調(diào)的激情對于需要銷售的職業(yè)來說很重要,而演說家不那么需要,所以B選項“售貨員”正確,A選項“企業(yè)家”,C選項“演說家”和D選項“店主”錯誤。因此B選項正確。

29.語義推測題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句Ifyoumanageacoffeeshoporrestaurant,isyourpassiontocreateawelcoming“thirdplace”betweenhomeandworkforyourcustomerstoenjoy?(如果你經(jīng)營一家咖啡店或餐廳,你的激情會是在家庭和工作之間創(chuàng)造一個受歡迎的“第三空間”讓你的顧客享受嗎?),可知第三空間是拿來享受的,所以A選項“一個享受的地方”正確,B選項“一個分享你個人信息的商店”,C選項“咖啡店或餐廳”和D選項“一個可以展示你激情的私密場所”:不符合題意,故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

30.語義推測題。根據(jù)第四段第二句Thegreatspokespeopleofourtimehaveraisedthebaronwhatitmeanstobeabusinesscommunicator—andyou’rebeingcomparedtothem.(我們這個時代的偉大發(fā)言人提高了作為一名商業(yè)溝通者的意義——你被拿來和他們比較。),可知各個領(lǐng)域的發(fā)言人讓商務(wù)交流的標準更高,所以A選項“對商務(wù)交流者的更高標準”正確。B選項“溝通中信息的更好表達”:表述不準確,故錯誤。C選項“商務(wù)交流者應(yīng)該掌握的10種技巧”和D選項“商務(wù)交流者被拿來和發(fā)言人比較”:是一方面的內(nèi)容,不足以概括這部分主旨,故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

3.單選題

MissHelenalwaysbuys(

)pricedclothes.

問題1選項

A.higher

B.high

C.highest

D.highly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:海倫小姐經(jīng)常買高價的衣服。選項D符合題意。

4.單選題

EventhoughCochranbeatMcDanielbymore6,000votesinthenationalelection,thelatterdidn’t(),complainingthatAfricanAmericansvotingforCochranlosthimtherace.

問題1選項

A.tangle

B.concede

C.torment

D.stalk

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項tangle表示“(和……)爭吵;打架;使纏結(jié)在一起”;B選項concede表示“讓步,承認,退讓”;C選項torment表示“折磨,痛苦,捉弄”;D選項stalk表示“追蹤,偷偷接近”。根據(jù)eventhough可判斷前后兩句為讓步關(guān)系,由后文“complainingthatAfricanAmericansvotingforCochranlosthimtherace”可知,McDaniel抱怨是非洲裔美國人投票給Cochran才導(dǎo)致他輸?shù)袅烁傔x,說明他依然對這件事耿耿于懷,可見他并不承認失敗。因此,本題正確答案為B選項。

5.單選題

Themayorisawomanwithgreat()andthereforedeservesourpoliticalandfinancialsupport.

問題1選項

A.intention

B.instinct

C.integrity

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】句意:市長是一位正直的女性,因此值得我們在政治上和經(jīng)濟上給予支持。

考查形近詞辨析。intention意圖;打算;instinct本能;直覺;integrity誠實正直;完整;完好;intensity強調(diào)。根據(jù)后半句句意“因此值得我們在政治上和經(jīng)濟上給予支持”可知C符合句意。

6.單選題

Largeanimalsthatinhabitthedeserthaveevolvedanumberofadaptationsforreducingtheeffectsofextremeheat.Oneadaptationistobelightincolor,andtoreflectratherthanabsorbthesun’srays.Desertmammalsalsodepartfromthenormalmammalianpracticeofmaintainingaconstantbodytemperature.Insteadoftryingtokeepdownthebodytemperaturedeepinsidethebody,whichwouldinvolvetheexpenditureofwaterandenergy,desertmammalsallowtheirtemperaturestorisetowhatwouldnormallybefeverheight,andtemperaturesashighas46degreesCelsiushavebeenmeasuredinGrant’sgazelles.Theoverheatedbodythencoolsdownduringthecolddesertnight,andindeedthetemperaturemayfallunusuallylowbydawn,aslowas34degreesCelsiusinthecamel.Thisisanadvantagesincetheheatofthefirstfewhoursofdaylightisabsorbedinwarmingupthebody,andanexcessivebuildupofheatdoesnotbeginuntilwellintotheday.

Anotherstrategyoflargedesertanimalsistotoleratethelossofbodywatertoapointthatwouldbefatalfornon-adaptedanimals.Thecamelcanloseupto30percentofitsbodyweightaswaterwithoutharmtoitself,whereashumanbeingsdieafterlosingonly12to13percentoftheirbodyweight.Anequallyimportantadaptationistheabilitytoreplenishthiswaterlossatonedrink.Desertanimalscandrinkhugevolumesinashorttime,andcamelshavebeenknowntoimbibe(吸收)over100litersinafewminutes.Averydehydratedperson,ontheotherhand,cannotdrinkenoughwatertorehydrateatonesession,becausethehumanstomachisnotsufficientlybigandbecauseatoorapiddilutionofthebodyfluidscausesdeathfromwaterintoxication.Thetoleranceofwaterlossisofobviousadvantageinthedesert,asanimalsdonothavetoremainnearawaterholebutcanobtainfoodfromgrazingsparsepastures.Desert-adaptedmammalshavethefurtherabilitytofeednormallywhenextremelydehydrated.Itisacommonexperienceinpeoplethatappetiteislostevenunderconditionsofmoderatethirst.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Whylightincolorisimportanttolargeanimalsindeserts?

3.Whatwillbefataltonon-adaptedanimals?

4.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutdesert-adaptedmammals?

5.WhatisthefollowingstrategyNOTmentionedbytheauthor?

問題1選項

A.Animalsdevelopeddifferentstrategiestosurvive.

B.Largeanimalscantakestrategiestoreducetheeffectofextremeheat

C.Animalscantoleratethelossofbodywater.

D.Averydehydratedpersoncandrinkenoughwatertorehydrate

問題2選項

A.Ithelpedthemmaintainaconstantnormalbodytemperature.

B.Itreflectsratherthanabsorbsthesun-light

C.Ithelpsthemseetheirpeersatnight

D.Ithelpsthemkeepcoolduringthenight

問題3選項

A.Keepinganormalbodytemperature

B.Drinkingpollutedwater

C.Drinkinghugevolumesofwaterinashorttime

D.Feedingwhendehydrated

問題4選項

A.Theydonotneedtoeatmuchfood.

B.Theycaneatlargequantitiesquickly

C.Theyeasilylosetheirappetites

D.Theycantravellongdistanceslookingforfood.

問題5選項

A.Thebodytemperaturecanbeextremelyhighandcold

B.Toleratethelossofbodywaterandreplenishitimmediately

C.Lostappetiteundertheconditionofmoderatethirsty

D.Tobelightincolor

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。本文主要內(nèi)容是:為了降低酷熱的影響,生活在沙漠中的大型動物已經(jīng)進化來適應(yīng)這種環(huán)境,如:顏色變淺,調(diào)節(jié)體溫,忍受身體水分喪失等。因此,A項“動物發(fā)展出不同的生存策略”符合文章大意。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。第一段指出:Oneadaptationistobelightincolor,andtoreflectratherthanabsorbthesun’srays(一種適應(yīng)是讓自己顏色變淺,反射而不是吸收太陽光線)。由此可知,淺色對沙漠中的大型動物很重要,是因為淺色反射太陽光。故選B項。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。第二段指出:Averydehydratedperson,ontheotherhand,cannotdrinkenoughwatertorehydrateatonesession,becausethehumanstomachisnotsufficientlybigandbecauseatoorapiddilutionofthebodyfluidscausesdeathfromwaterintoxication(另一方面,一個極度脫水的人,不能一次性地喝大量的水來補充所缺水分,因為人的胃不夠大,而且體液的迅速稀釋會導(dǎo)致水中毒而引起死亡)。因此,C項“短時間飲大量的水”正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。A:它們不需要吃很多食物。B:它們可以快速地大量進食。A項與B項在文中并未被提及。C:它們很容易失去食欲。第二段指出:Desert-adaptedmammalshavethefurtherabilitytofeednormallywhenextremelydehydrated(適應(yīng)沙漠的哺乳動物還有在極度脫水時正常進食的能力)。因此C項不符合原文所述。D:它們可以長途跋涉尋找食物。第二段指出:Thetoleranceofwaterlossisofobviousadvantageinthedesert,asanimalsdonothavetoremainnearawaterholebutcanobtainfoodfromgrazingsparsepastures(在沙漠中,能夠忍受水分流失是一個明顯的優(yōu)勢,這樣動物不必待在水源附近,而是可以從廣闊的牧場獲得食物)。由此可知,能忍受水分流失的動物能長途跋涉來喂飽自己。因此D項正確。

第5題:細節(jié)事實題。A:體溫可以非常高和低。第一段指出:desertmammalsallowtheirtemperaturestorisetowhatwouldnormallybefeverheight(沙漠哺乳動物允許它們的體溫上升到一般認為發(fā)燒的溫度),以及:indeedthetemperaturemayfallunusuallylowbydawn,aslowas34degreesCelsiusinthecamel(事實上,到黎明時分,氣溫會降得異常低,駱駝體內(nèi)的溫度會低到34攝氏度)。因此A項有被提及。B:忍受體內(nèi)水分的流失,并立即補充水分。第二段指出:Anotherstrategyoflargedesertanimalsistotoleratethelossofbodywatertoapointthatwouldbefatalfornon-adaptedanimals(大型沙漠動物的另一種策略是忍受體內(nèi)水分的流失,這種流失對那些還沒有適應(yīng)環(huán)境的動物來說是致命的),以及:Anequallyimportantadaptationistheabilitytoreplenishthiswaterlossatonedrink(一種同樣重要的適應(yīng)能力是在一次飲水中補充損失的水分)。因此B項有被提及。C:中度口渴的情況下沒有食欲。D:顏色變淺。第一段指出:Oneadaptationistobelightincolor,andtoreflectratherthanabsorbthesun’srays(一種進化是讓自己變成淺色,反射而不是吸收太陽光線)。因此D項也有被提及。四個選項中,只有C項不是沙漠動物為適應(yīng)環(huán)境形成的進化,故選C。

7.寫作題

Writea100—120-wordsummaryofthearticleinquestion3.

【答案】Theso-calledNashequilibriumpredictsthattheoptimalleveloftrustiszeroineconomictransactionsbetweenstrangers.Actually,thisisnottrue.AbouthalfofPlayer1ssendsomemoney,andthree-quartersofPlayer2swhoreceiveitsendsomeback.Sothereishigherleveloftrustbetweenthem.Similarily,whatistrueforindividualsturnsoutalsotobetruefornations.Trustisoneofthemostpowerfulfactorsaffectingacountry’seconomichealth.Trustlevelsdiffergreatlybetweennations,sopolicy-makersinthesecountrieswheretrustislowerthanacriticallevelofabout30%mightbeurgentlyinterestedinmechanismsthatenablethemtoraisenationaltrustlevels.

8.單選題

Threeuniversitydepartmentshavebeen(

)$600,000todevelopgoodpracticeinteachingandlearning.

問題1選項

A.promoted

B.included

C.secured

D.awarded

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A項promote表示“促進;提升;發(fā)揚”;B項include表示“包含,包括”;C項secure表示“保護,招致”;D項award表示“授予”。根據(jù)句意可知,大學(xué)的三個系被60萬美元來開展良好的教學(xué)實踐。因此,本題正確答案為D項。

9.單選題

TheheadoftheMuseumwas()andletusactuallyexaminetheancientmanuscripts.

問題1選項

A.promising

B.agreeing

C.pleasing

D.obliging

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項promising表示“有希望的;有前途的”,B選項agreeing表示“贊成,同意”,C選項pleasing表示“令人高興的,合意的”,D選項obliging表示“親切友善的,樂于助人的”。由后文可知,博物館負責(zé)人讓我們查閱了那些古代的手抄本,所以他應(yīng)該是親切友善的,故本題正確答案為D選項。

10.單選題

Amongpicturebooksfor4-8yearsold,severaloutstandingworksappearedthatcombinedoriginalstorieswith()illustrations.

問題1選項

A.imaginable

B.imaginative

C.imaging

D.imageless

【答案】B

【解析】imaginable可能的,可想象的;imaginative想象的,虛構(gòu)的;imaging成像;imageless無意象的。句意為“把故事原形與充分的想象相結(jié)合”。選項B符合句意。

11.單選題

Heknewat()levelthathewasguilty.

問題1選項

A.Spirit

B.gut

C.soul

D.eye

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項spirit“精神,心靈,情緒,志氣,烈酒”,專指人的內(nèi)在品質(zhì)、意志和精神或者某事物的主要目的、含義、代表的精神;B選項gut“勇氣,膽量,腸子”;C選項soul“靈魂,心靈,精神,鬼魂”;D選項eye“眼睛,視力,眼光,見解,觀點”。句意:他知道他在精神上是有罪的。因此A選項正確。

12.單選題

Theambassadorwasgiventhebookasatokenofthegovernment’sregardforhim.

問題1選項

A.anestimation

B.amemento

C.ashare

D.apreview

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。token表示“象征,代表”;A項estimation“尊重,估計”,B項memento“紀念品”,C項share“份額,股份”,D項preview“預(yù)覽”。句意:大使被授予此書,表示政府對他的關(guān)心。因此B項正確。

13.單選題

Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual-thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisreared.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvironmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable.

Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecase—historyoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMarkX.Beingidentical,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplacedinseparatefosterhomes.Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark’sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.

1.Thisselectioncanbestbetitled________.

2.Thebeststatementofthemainideaofthispassageisthat________.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theaverageI.Q.is________.

4.Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat________.

5.Thispassagesuggeststhatanindividual’sI.Q.________.

問題1選項

A.theCaseofPeterandMark

B.HowthebraininfluencesIntelligence

C.MeasuringYourIntelligence

D.IntelligenceandEnvironment

問題2選項

A.environmentiscrucialindeterminingaperson’sintelligence

B.personshavingidenticalbrainswillhaveroughlythesameintelligence

C.humanbrainsdifferconsiderably

D.thebrainapersonisbornwithisimportantindetermininghisintelligence

問題3選項

A.110

B.125

C.85

D.100

問題4選項

A.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligence

B.changesofenvironmentproducechangesinthestructureofthebrain

C.individualwithidenticalbrainsseldomtestatsamelevel

D.anindividual’sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenvironment

問題5選項

A.canbeincreasedbyeducation

B.isdeterminedbyhischildhood

C.canbepredictedatbirth

D.staysthesamethroughouthislife

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第四句Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.(但是,不管一個人的大腦有多好,除非他有機會學(xué)習(xí),否則他的智力水平就會很低。),文章第一段提出天生的大腦和成長的環(huán)境決定智力高低,并且后天環(huán)境的影響比天生的因素更重要,隨后在第二段舉出彼得和馬克的案例來證明天生大腦一樣,后天環(huán)境對智力有很大影響,文章表達的重點在于環(huán)境對智力的影響,D選項“智力與環(huán)境”正確。A選項“彼得和馬克的案例”:不足以概括全文。B選項“大腦如何影響智力”和C選項“測量你的智力”:文中沒有具體提到。因此D選項正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第四句Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.(但是,不管一個人的大腦有多好,除非他有機會學(xué)習(xí),否則他的智力水平就會很低。),可知相比于天生的大腦,環(huán)境對個人智力影響更大,A選項“環(huán)境在決定個人智力方面至關(guān)重要”正確,B選項“有相同大腦的人有大致相同的智力”和D選項“大腦天生的因素在決定他的智力方面很重要”錯誤。C選項“人類的大腦差別很大”:文中沒有提到。因此A選項正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句Mark’sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.(馬克的智商是125,比平均水平高25分,比他的同卵兄弟整整高40分。),可知平均智商是100,D選項“100”正確。A選項“110”,B選項“125”和C選項“85”錯誤。因此D選項正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】語義推測題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.(如果機會均等,擁有相同大腦的雙胞胎的測試水平大致相同。),結(jié)合雙胞胎因為環(huán)境不同而智力不同的案例,可知機會的多和少影響他們各自的智力,A選項“缺乏機會阻礙智力的增長”正確。B選項“環(huán)境的變化產(chǎn)生大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的變化”:文中沒有講到環(huán)境對大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的具體改變。C選項“具有相同大腦的個體很少在相同水平上測試”:文中只講了一個案例,不足以得出此結(jié)論。D選項“一個人的智力只由他所處的環(huán)境決定”:文中還提到天生的大腦影響智力。因此A選項正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三句Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.(這種環(huán)境差異一直持續(xù)到雙胞胎十八九歲的時候,那時他們接受了測試,以衡量他們的智力。),這種環(huán)境差異指的是受教育的機會和程度,可知教育可以提高智力,A選項“可以通過教育提高”正確。B選項“由童年決定”:這里兩個雙胞胎童年的差距就是教育,A選項更符合題意,而且教育可以在除了童年以外的時期進行。C選項“可以在出生時預(yù)測”和D選項“一生保持不變”:環(huán)境中教育的因素會影響智力,所以智力會因為教育而改變。因此A選項正確。

14.單選題

Heis______abouthischancesofwinningagoldmedalintheOlympics.

問題1選項

A.optimistic

B.optional

C.outstanding

D.obvious

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項optimistic“樂觀的”;B選項optional“可選擇的”;C選項outstanding“優(yōu)秀的;重要的”;D選項obvious“明顯的”。句意:他對自己在奧運會上贏得金牌的機率持______態(tài)度。根據(jù)語境,這里指的是對能否贏得金牌的預(yù)測,A選項optimistic“樂觀的”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

15.單選題

Somedaysoftwarewilltranslatebothwrittenandspokenlanguagesowellthattheneedforanycommonsecondlanguagecould().

問題1選項

A.descend

B.decline

C.deteriorate

D.depress

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項descend“下降”,多指從高處落向低處;B選項decline“衰退”,多指數(shù)量,質(zhì)量或價值的下降;C選項deteriorate“惡化,變壞”;D選項depress“壓抑,使沮喪”。根據(jù)句意:總有一天,軟件可以很好地翻譯書面語和口語,以至于對通用第二語言的需求可能會減少。這里是指需求減少,所以選項B最恰當(dāng)。

16.單選題

Tomcomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewereseveralpages(

)fromthedictionary.

問題1選項

A.losing

B.lost

C.missing

D.missed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:湯姆向書商抱怨這本字典缺了幾頁。

語法題??疾楹笾枚ㄕZ。分析題干跟選項可知空格處為動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語修飾severalpages,表示“丟失了的”。四個選項中,losing失敗的,使受損失的;lost失去的,喪失的,迷路的。這兩項一般不放在被修飾詞后作定語。Missing丟失的,下落不明的。Missed感到思念的。因此C符合句意。

17.單選題

ProfessorTaylor’stalkhasindicatedthatsciencehasaverystrong()ontheeverydaylifeofnon-scientistsaswellasscientists.

問題1選項

A.motivation

B.perspective

C.impression

D.impact

【答案】D

【解析】句意:泰勒教授的報告表明,科學(xué)已經(jīng)對非科學(xué)家和科學(xué)家的日常生活產(chǎn)生了強大的影響。

考查固定搭配。haveimpactonsth.對…產(chǎn)生影響。

18.單選題

Themayorwasaskedto(

)hisspeechinordertoallowtheaudiencetoraisequestions.

問題1選項

A.constrain

B.conduct

C.condense

D.converge

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。constrain意為“強制,限制”;conduct意為“組織”;condense意為“精簡,壓縮(文字、信息等)”;converge意為“匯集,聚集”。

句意:市長被要求壓縮他的演講,以便讓聽眾可以提問。

19.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

Mostpeoplebenefitfrominternationaltrade,forthesamegeneralreasonsthatmostpeoplebenefitfromthedivisionoflaborwithinnationsandwithinlocalities.Byparticipatinginabroadercommunitywithinwhichindividualsandgroupssellwhattheycanproducewiththegreatest(comparative)efficiency,peoplecansecureafargreaterquantityandvarietyofgoodsthaneachindividualcouldpossiblyobtainifhehadtoproduceeveryonehimself.Thereare,ofcourse,manyinstanceswhenblockingorlimitingtradecanbringadvantagestoparticulargroupsattheexpenseofthebroadersociety.Butthemorethesegroupssucceedinenforcingsuchrestrictions,thelowerthe

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評論

0/150

提交評論