考研考博-英語-山西管理職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山西管理職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

TheBuddhistreligiondevelopedfromtheteachingsofShakyamuniBuddha,wholivedfromabout563to483BCEinthepresent-dayregionsofNepalandcentralIndia.Athisbirth,itisbelieved,seersforetoldthattheinfantprince,namedSiddharthaGautama,wouldbecomeeitherachakravartin—a“world-conqueringruler”—oraBuddha—a"fullyenlightenedbeing”.Hopingforarulerlikehimself,Siddhartha’sfathertriedtosurroundhissonwithpleasureandshieldhimfrompain.Yettheprincewaseventuallyexposedtothesufferingofoldage,sickness,anddeath—theinevitablefateofallmortalbeings.Deeplytroubledbythehumancondition,Siddharthaatagetwenty-nineleftthepalace,hisfamily,andhisinheritancetoliveasanasceticinthewilderness.Aftersixyearsofmeditation,heattainedcompleteenlightenmentnearBodhGaya,India.

Followinghisenlightenment,theBuddha(EnlightenmentOne)gavehisfirstteachingintheDeerParkatSamath.HereheexpoundedtheFourNobleTruths,whicharethefoundationofBuddhism:(1)lifeissuffering;(2)thissufferinghasacause,whichisignorance;(3)thisignorancecanbeovercomeandextinguished;(4)thewaytoovercomethisignoranceisbyfollowingtheeightfoldpathofrightview,rightresolve,rightspeech,rightaction,rightlivelihood,righteffort,rightmindfulness,andrightconcentration.AftertheBuddha’sdeathattheageofeighty,hismanydisciplesdevelopedhisteachingsandestablishedtheworld’soldestmonasticinstitutions.

ABuddhaisnotagodbutratheronewhoseestheultimatenatureoftheworldandisthereforenolongersubjecttosamsara,thecycleofbirth,deathandrebirththatotherwiseholdsusinitsgrip,whetherwearebornintotheworldofthegods,humans,animals,torturedspirits,orhellbeings.

TheearlyformofBuddhismknownasTheravadaorHinayana,stressesself-cultivationforthepurposeofattainingnirvana,whichistheextinctionofsamsaraforoneself.TheravadaBuddhismhascontinuedinsouthIndia,SriLanka,andSoutheastAsia.Within500yearsoftheBuddha’sdeath,anotherformofBuddhism,knownasMahayana,becamepopularmainlyinnorthernIndia;iteventuallyflourishedinChina(asChanandVajrayana),andinKorea,Japan(asZen).CompassionforallbeingsisthefoundationofMahayanaBuddhism,whosegoalisnotnirvanaforoneselfbutBuddhahood(Enlightenment)foreverybeingthroughouttheuniverse.MahayanaBuddhismrecognizesBuddhasotherthanShakyamunifromthepast,present,andfuture.OnesuchisMaitreya,thenextBuddhatoappearonEarth.AnotheristheAmitabhaBuddha,theBuddhaofInfiniteLightandInfiniteLife(thatis,incorporatingallspaceandtime),whodwellsinparadiseknownastheWesternPureLand.AmitabhaBuddhabecameparticularlypopularinEastAsia.MahayanaBuddhismalsodevelopedthecategoryofbodhisattvas(thosewhoseessenceiswisdom),saintlybeingswhoareonthebrinkofachievingBuddhahoodbuthavevowedtohelpothersachieveBuddhahoodbeforecrossingoverthemselves.

Inart,bodhisattvasandBuddhasaremostclearlydistinguishedbytheirclothingandadornments:bodhisattvasweartheprincelygarbofIndia,whileBuddhaswearmonks’robes.InHinduism,adeitymaydwellinitsimage,butinBuddhismportrayalsofBuddhasandbodhisattvasarerecognizedaspurelysymbolic,andnospiritisbelievedtoresidewithin.

1.WhichtypeofBuddhismdevelopedthecategoryofbodhisattva,andhowarebodhisattvasdistinguishedfromBuddhasinartisticrepresentations?

2.WhichkindofBuddhismemphasizespersonaldevelopmentforthepurposeofachievingnirvana,andwhatisnirvana?

3.WhydidSiddhartha’sfathershelterhimwhenhewasyoung?

4.WhattypeofBuddhismflourishedhalfamillenniumaftertheBuddha’sdeath,andmainlydevelopedfurthertotheeast;whatwasitsmaingoal?

5.WhatarethefourNobleTruthsandwheredidtheBuddhafirstexpoundthisdoctrine?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.MahayanaBuddhism,andtheyaredressedlikeIndianprinces.

B.VajrayanaBuddhism,andtheyaredistinguishedbytheyellowhatsandsaffronrobestheywear.

C.ChanBuddhism,andtheycanbeidentifiedinartbytherobesthatcovertheirbodies.

D.TheravadaBuddhism,andtheyareidentifiedbytheprincelygarbofIndiathattheywear.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheravadaBuddhism;theBuddhistequivalentoftheChristianheaven.

B.TheravadaBuddhism;thepersonalextinctionofthecycleofbirth,deathandrebirth.

C.HinayanaBuddhism;theextinctionofsamsara.

D.BothBandC.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Hewasafraidthathisson,whowouldonedaysucceedhimasking,mightgetsickanddieifhewereexposedtothedangersofeverydaylife.

B.Hewasworriedthathissonmightbecomegreatandchallengehisreign,andthatiswhyhetriedtodistracthimwithpleasure.

C.Helovedhissonverydeeplyanddidnotwantanypainorsicknesstoaffecthim;hewantedhimtoliveonlyintheperfect“world”thathecreatedforhim.

D.OraclesforetoldthatthebabySiddhartha,whenhegrewup,wouldeitherbeaworldconquerororafullyenlightenedbeing,buthisfatheronlywantedhimtobeanordinarykinglikehimself.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.MahayanaBuddhism,anditsmaingoalwasBuddhahoodforeverybeingthroughouttheuniverse.

B.ShakyamuniBuddism,anditsmaingoalwastoendsamsaraforeverybodhisattva.

C.ZenBuddhism,anditsmaingoalwastobringthePureLandintothepresentworld.

D.VajrayanaBuddhism,anditsmaingoalwastosharetheBuddha’smessagethroughcreatingpurelysymbolicimagesoftheBuddhathroughpaintingsandsculptures.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Lifeissuffering;ignorantpeoplecausesuffering;ignorancecanbeovercome;onecanovercomeignorancebyfollowingtheeightfoldpath;hegavehisfirstteachingatBodhGayainIndia.

B.Lifeissuffering;sufferinghasacause,whichisignorance;ignorancecanbeovercomebycarefulstudy;hegavehisfirstteachingtothedeerthatgatheredaroundhimatBodhGayainIndia.

C.Lifeissuffering;thissufferinghasacause,whichisignorance;thisignorancecanbeovercomeandextinguished;thewaytoovercomethisignoranceisbyfollowingtheeightfoldpath;hegavehisfirstteachinginDeerParkatSamath.

D.Lifeissuffering;ignoranceisthecauseofsuffering;ignorancecanbeovercomebyfollowingtheeightfoldpath;hegavehisfirstteachingintheDeerParkatSamath.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題有兩個(gè)問題。第一個(gè)是“哪一種佛教擴(kuò)大了菩薩的范疇”，第四段最后一句說到“MahayanaBuddhismalsodevelopedthecategoryofbodhisattvas…”，由此可知，是大乘佛教“MahayanaBuddhism”擴(kuò)大了菩薩的范疇；第二個(gè)問題，howarebodhisattvasdistinguishedfromBuddhasinartisticrepresentations“菩薩與佛在藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)上有何不同”，最后一段第一句正說到了兩者在藝術(shù)方面的區(qū)別“Inart,bodhisattvasandBuddhasaremostclearlydistinguishedbytheirclothingandadornments:bodhisattvasweartheprincelygarbofIndia,whileBuddhaswearmonks’robes”，在藝術(shù)上，菩薩和佛最明顯的區(qū)別是他們的服飾：菩薩穿的是印度的公主服，而佛穿的是僧袍。對比選項(xiàng)可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題同樣有兩個(gè)問題。第一個(gè)問題“哪種佛教強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人發(fā)展以達(dá)到涅槃的目的”，第四段第一句說到“TheearlyformofBuddhism…stressesself-cultivationforthepurposeofattainingnirvana,whichistheextinctionofsamsaraforoneself”，佛教的早期形式（小乘佛教）強(qiáng)調(diào)自我修養(yǎng)，以達(dá)到涅槃的目的，即不再輪回，因此是小乘佛教強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人發(fā)展達(dá)到涅槃；第二個(gè)問題“什么是涅槃”，因?yàn)槟鶚勈欠鸾虖?qiáng)調(diào)的個(gè)人發(fā)展目的，因此涅槃與佛有關(guān)，第三段中說到“ABuddhaisnotagodbutratheronewhoseestheultimatenatureoftheworldandisthereforenolongersubjecttosamsara,thecycleofbirth,deathandrebirth…”，佛陀不是神，而是一個(gè)看到世界終極本質(zhì)的人，因此不再受制于輪回，也就是生、死和重生的循環(huán)，由此可知，涅槃也就是不再受制于生、死和重生的循環(huán)。對比選項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第3題:3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干中受到父親庇護(hù)的Siddhartha出現(xiàn)在文章第一段“Athisbirth,itisbelieved,seersforetoldthattheinfantprince,namedSiddharthaGautama,wouldbecomeeitherachakravartin—a‘world-conqueringruler'—oraBuddha—a‘fullyenlightenedbeing’.Hopingforarulerlikehimself,Siddhartha’sfathertriedtosurroundhissonwithpleasureandshieldhimfrompain”，釋迦牟尼在出生時(shí)，被預(yù)言他或?qū)⑹钦鞣澜绲慕y(tǒng)治者，或?qū)⑹且粋€(gè)完全開悟的人。他的父親希望他成為像自己一樣的統(tǒng)治者，想讓他免受痛苦而努力保護(hù)他。對比選項(xiàng)可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題又是兩個(gè)問題。第一個(gè)問題“什么樣的佛教在佛陀死后500年才興盛起來，而且主要在東方發(fā)展得更遠(yuǎn)”，第四段第三句說到“Within500yearsoftheBuddha’sdeath,anotherformofBuddhism,knownasMahayana,becamepopularmainlyinnorthernIndia;iteventuallyflourishedinChina(asChanandVajrayana),andinKorea,Japan(asZen)”，佛陀去世后500年內(nèi)，另一種佛教形式大乘佛教主要在印度北部流行起來；它最終在中國（作為禪宗和藏傳佛教）和韓國、日本（作為禪宗）興盛起來。第二個(gè)問題“它的主要目的是什么”，第四段第四句說到“whosegoalisnotnirvanaforoneselfbutBuddhahood(Enlightenment)foreverybeingthroughouttheuniverse”，其目標(biāo)不是為涅槃，而是為宇宙中的每一個(gè)眾生成佛（開悟）。對比選項(xiàng)可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段中說到“theBuddha(EnlightenmentOne)gavehisfirstteachingintheDeerParkatSamath”，佛陀在薩馬斯的鹿園里進(jìn)行了他的第一次教導(dǎo)，闡述了四圣諦的內(nèi)容：(1)lifeissuffering;(2)thissufferinghasacause,whichisignorance;(3)thisignorancecanbeovercomeandextinguished;(4)thewaytoovercomethisignoranceisbyfollowingtheeightfoldpath…對比選項(xiàng)可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Afterreadingthesebooks,hewas______totheDarwiniantheoryofevolution.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.changed

B.converted

C.transferred

D.adjusted

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)change“改變、變化”；B項(xiàng)convert“使轉(zhuǎn)變”；C項(xiàng)transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移、調(diào)動”；D項(xiàng)adjust“調(diào)整、使適應(yīng)”；beconvertedto轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?、皈依；句意：讀了這些書之后，他皈依了達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論。因此該題B項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Theindustrialcommunityshouldbecloseenoughtothecrowdedcentersbutdistantenoughtoreduce（）hazards.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.feasible

B.active

C.substantial

D.potential

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)feasible“可行的；可能的;”；B選項(xiàng)active“積極的；活躍的”；C選項(xiàng)substantial“大量的；實(shí)質(zhì)的”；D選項(xiàng)potential“潛在的，可能的”。句意:工業(yè)區(qū)應(yīng)該離擁擠的中心足夠近，但要足夠遠(yuǎn)，以減少潛在的危險(xiǎn)。所選之詞應(yīng)修飾hazards(危險(xiǎn))，而且其意應(yīng)為“潛在的或可能發(fā)生的”危險(xiǎn)。故選D。

4.單選題

Theideathathardworkwastobe______distinguishedAmericansfromEuropeanswhoadmiredtheirgentlemenofleisure.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inversed

B.esteemed

C.exclaimed

D.hoarded

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)inverse“使倒轉(zhuǎn)，使顛倒”，B項(xiàng)esteem“尊敬，尊重”，C項(xiàng)exclaim“呼喊，驚叫，大聲叫嚷”，D項(xiàng)hoard“貯藏（錢財(cái)或貴重物品），（在某物匱乏時(shí)）積斂”。由Europeanswhoadmiredtheirgentlemenofleisure“歐洲人羨慕美國悠閑的紳士”可推理，美國人悠閑，而歐洲人重視努力工作。句意：努力工作是受人尊敬的觀念使美國人和歐洲人區(qū)別開來，歐洲人羨慕他們悠閑的紳士。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Thereisnotverymuchexperimentaldata

adecisionbetweenthetwopossibilities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichtobebasedon

B.whichbebaseupon

C.uponwhichtobase

D.towhichtobebased

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語從句。baseon/upon表示基于，介詞應(yīng)改放在which的前面，所以只有選項(xiàng)C正確。

6.單選題

Itisour（）policythatwewillachieveunitythroughpeacefulmeans.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistent

B.considerate

C.certain

D.decisive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)consistent“始終如一的，一致的，堅(jiān)持的”；B選項(xiàng)considerate“體貼的，體諒的，考慮周到的”；C選項(xiàng)certain“某一，必然的”；D選項(xiàng)decisive“決定性的，果斷的，堅(jiān)定的”。句意：通過和平方式實(shí)現(xiàn)團(tuán)結(jié)是我們_____政策。這里表達(dá)的是“一貫的政策”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.Youmighttoleratetherudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“BeKindtoOtherDrivers”campaign,otherwise,itmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehaviors.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.

However,improperpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Atypicalexampleisthedriverwhowavesachildacrossacrossingintothepathofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheycareto.

Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearntofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamswithoutcausingthetotalblockages(堵塞)thatgiverisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan’tevenlearntodrive,letalonebewell-manneredontheroad.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.

1.Accordingtothispassage,troublesontheroadareprimarilycausedby（）.

2.Thesentence“Youmighttoleratetherudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule”impliesthat（）.

3.By“goodsense”(Paragraph2),thewritermeans（）.

4.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcar-ownershipexplosion,（）.

5.Inthewriter’sopinion,（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.people’sattitudetowardsdrivers

B.therhythmofmodernlife

C.trafficconditions

D.thebehaviorofthedriver

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotorists

B.rudedriverscanbemetonlyoccasionally

C.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstitutethemajorityofmotorists

D.thewell-manneredmotoristcannottoleratetherudedriver

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thedriver’spromptresponsetodifficultconditions

B.thedriver’sabilitytounderstandandreactreasonably

C.thedriver’stoleranceofbadroadconditions

D.thedriver’sacknowledgementofpolitenessandregulations

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.driversshouldbereadytoyieldtooneanother

B.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrifices

C.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselves

D.driverswillsufferagreatlossiftheypaynorespecttoothers

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperly

B.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneeded

C.rudeandinconsideratedriversshouldbepunished

D.driversshouldtrytheirbesttoavoidtrafficjams

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。第一段指出:butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.Youmighttoleratetherudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule(但是路上的禮貌問題正變得令人恐懼。你或許容忍粗魯且不顧別人的司機(jī)，但如今有禮貌的司機(jī)卻是規(guī)則的一個(gè)例外)。由此可知D項(xiàng)“司機(jī)的行為”正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。該句意思為:你或許容忍粗魯且不顧別人的司機(jī)，但如今有禮貌的司機(jī)卻是規(guī)則的一個(gè)例外。以及前面一句指出:但是路上的禮貌問題正變得令人恐懼。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“如今不禮貌的司機(jī)構(gòu)成了司機(jī)中的大多數(shù)”正確。

第3題:判斷推理題。goodsense本意指“有理智”，可參考第二段:Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehaviors(當(dāng)遭遇不文明的行為時(shí)，需要最冷靜且好脾氣的司機(jī)去抗拒報(bào)復(fù)的誘惑)。因此B項(xiàng)“司機(jī)去理解且合理地反應(yīng)的能力”正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞car-ownershipexplosion定位至最后一段:Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers(多年前，專家們就警告過我們:汽車的持有率的激增會向所有道路使用者要求更多互讓)。由此可知A項(xiàng)“司機(jī)應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備去相互讓步”正確。

第5題:判斷推理題。倒數(shù)第二段指出:However,improperpolitenesscanalsobedangerous(然而，不恰當(dāng)?shù)亩Y貌也可能是危險(xiǎn)的)。由此可推測A項(xiàng)“司機(jī)應(yīng)該恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂玫缆范Y貌”為正確選項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

TheUniversityinTransformation,editedbyAustralianfuturismSohaiiInayatullahandJenniferGidley,presentssome20highlyvariedoutlooksontomorrow'suniversitiesbywritersrepresentingbothWesternandnon一Westernperspectives.Theiressaysraiseabroadrangeofissues,questioningnearlyeverykeyassumptionwehaveabouthighereducationtoday.

ThemostwidelydiscussedalternativetothetraditionalcampusistheInternetUniversity--avoluntarycommunitytoscholars/teachersphysicallyscatteredthroughoutacountryoraroundtheworldbutalllinkedincyberspace.Acomputerizeduniversitycouldhavemanyadvantages,suchaseasyscheduling,efficientdeliveryoflecturestothousandsorevenmillionsofstudentsatonce,andreadyaccessforstudentseverywheretotheresourcesofalltheworld’sgreatlibraries.

YettheInternetUniversityposesdangers,too.Forexample,alineoffranchisedcourseware,producedbyafewsuperstarteachers,marketedunderthebrandnameofafamousinstitution,andheavilyadvertised,mighteventuallycometodominatetheglobaleducationmarked,warnssociologyprofessorPeterManicasoftheUniversityofHawaiiatManoa.Besidesenforcingarigidlystandardizedcurriculum,sucha“collegeeducationinabox”couldunderselltheofferingsofmanytraditionalbrickandmortarinstitutions,effectivelydrivingthemoutofbusinessandthrowingthousandsofcareeracademicsoutofwork,noteAustraliancommunicationsprofessorsDavidRooneyandGregHearn.

Ontheotherhand,whileglobalconnectivityseemshighlylikelytoplaysomesignificantroleinfuturehighereducation,thatdoesnotmeangreateruniformityincoursecontent-orotherdangers—willnecessarilyfollow.Counter-movementsarealsoatwork.

Manyinacademia,includingscholarscontributingtothisvolume,arequestioningthefundamentalmissionofuniversityeducation.Whatifforinstance,insteadofreceivingprimarilytechnicaltrainingandbuildingtheirindividualcareers,universitystudentsandprofessorscouldfocustheirlearningandresearcheffortsonexistingproblemsintheirlocalcommunitiesandtheworld?FeministscholarIvanaMilojevicdarestodreamwhatauniversitymightbecome“ifwebelievedthatchild-careworkersandteachersinearlychildhoodeducationshouldbeoneofthehighest(ratherthanlowest)paidprofessionals?”

Co-editorJenniferGidleyshowshowtomorrow'suniversityfaculty,insteadofgivinglecturesandconductingindependentresearch,maytakeonthreenewroles.Somewouldactasbrokers,assemblingcustomizeddegree-creditprogrammesforindividualstudentsbymixingandmatchingthebestcourseofferingsavailablefrominstitutionsallaroundtheworld.Asecondgroup,mentors,wouldfunctionmuchliketoday'sfacultyadvisers,butarelikelytobeworkingwithmanymorestudentsoutsidetheirownacademicspecialty.Thiswouldrequirethemtoconstantlybelearningfromtheirstudentsaswellasinstructingthem.

Athirdnewroleforfaculty,andinGidley'sviewthemostchallengingandrewardingofall,wouldbeasmeaning-makers:charismaticsagesandpractitionersleadinggroupsofstudents/colleaguesincollaborativeeffortstofindspiritualaswellasrationalandtechnologicalsolutionstospecificreal-worldproblems.

Moreover,thereseemstitlereasontosupposethatanyoneformofuniversitymustnecessarilydriveoutallotheroptions.Studentsmaybe"enrolled"incoursesofferedatvirtualcampusesontheInternet,between-orevenduring-sessionsatareal-worldproblem-focusedinstitution.

Asco-editorSohailInayatullahpointsoutinhisintroduction,nofutureisinevitable,andtheveryactofimaginingandthinkingthroughalternativepossibilitiescandirectlyaffecthowthoughtfully,creativelyandurgentlyevenadominanttechnologyisadaptedandapplied.Eveninacademia,thefuturebelongstothosewhocareenoughtoworktheirvisionsintopractical,sustainablerealities.

1.WhenthebookreviewerdiscussestheInternetUniversity,（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTseenasapotentialoftheInternetUniversity?

3.Accordingtothereview,whatisthefundamentalmissionoftraditionaluniversityeducation?

4.Judgingfromthethreenewrolesenvisionedfortomorrow’suniversityfaculty,universityteachers

（

）.

5.Whichcategoryofwritingdoesthereviewbelongto?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.heisinfavourofit

B.hisviewisbalanced

C.heisslightlycriticalofit

D.heisstronglycriticalofit

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Internet-basedcoursesmaybelesscostlythantraditionalones.

B.Teachersintraditionalinstitutionsmaylosetheirjobs.

C.Internet-basedcoursewaremaylackvarietyincoursecontent.

D.TheInternetUniversitymayproduceteacherswithalotofpublicity.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Knowledgelearningandcareerbuilding.

B.Learninghowtosolveexistingsocialproblems.

C.Researchingintosolutionstocurrentworldproblems.

D.Combiningresearcheffortsofteachersandstudentsinlearning

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.arerequiredtoconductmoreindependentresearch.

B.arerequiredtooffermorecoursestotheirstudents

C.aresupposedtoassumemoredemandingduties

D.aresupposedtosupervisemorestudentsintheirspecialty

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Narration

B.Description

C.Persuasion

D.Exposition

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)原文可知，第二段講到了網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)的優(yōu)勢，第三段提到，網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)也帶來了危險(xiǎn)，由此可知，他們的態(tài)度是客觀的不偏不倚的，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Besidesenforcingarigidlystandardizedcurriculum,sucha“collegeeducationinabox”couldunderselltheofferingsofmanytraditionalbrickandmortarinstitutions,effectivelydrivingthemoutofbusinessandthrowingthousandsofcareeracademicsoutofwork.除了實(shí)施嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化課程，這種‘盒子里的大學(xué)教育’可能會以低于許多傳統(tǒng)實(shí)體院校的價(jià)格出售資料，有效地迫使它們停業(yè)，并導(dǎo)致數(shù)千名職業(yè)學(xué)者失業(yè)?！边x項(xiàng)A“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)課程可能比傳統(tǒng)課程更便宜”符合原文；選項(xiàng)B“傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校的教師可能會失業(yè)”正確；選項(xiàng)C“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)課件在課程內(nèi)容上可能缺乏多樣性”與原文“實(shí)施標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化課程”相符，只有選項(xiàng)D在文中沒有提及，所以本題選D。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容“學(xué)術(shù)界的許多人，包括撰寫本卷的學(xué)者，都在質(zhì)疑大學(xué)教育的根本使命。例如，如果大學(xué)生和教授可以把他們的學(xué)習(xí)和研究工作集中在當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)和世界上存在的問題上，而不是接受主要的技術(shù)培訓(xùn)和建立自己的職業(yè)生涯，那會怎么樣?”由此可知，傳統(tǒng)大學(xué)教育的根本使命是：接受主要的技術(shù)培訓(xùn)和建立自己的職業(yè)生涯。也就是學(xué)習(xí)知識和職業(yè)建設(shè)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段的內(nèi)容“JenniferGidley向我們展示了未來的大學(xué)教師們將如何扮演三個(gè)新角色，而不再是講課和進(jìn)行獨(dú)立研究?！庇纱丝膳懦x項(xiàng)A；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句“Asecondgroup,mentors,wouldfunctionmuchliketoday'sfacultyadvisers,butarelikelytobeworkingwithmanymorestudentsoutsidetheirownacademicspecialty.第二個(gè)，導(dǎo)師將會像今天的教師顧問一樣，但是可能會與更多自己專業(yè)外的學(xué)生合作。”由此可排除選項(xiàng)D；選項(xiàng)B在文中沒有提及；所以只有選項(xiàng)C“需要承擔(dān)更艱巨的任務(wù)”是正確的。

5.判斷推理題。本題問的是這篇文章的寫作類型，Narration記敘文；Description描述；Persuasion說服；Exposition說明文。選項(xiàng)A和D屬于寫作類型，選項(xiàng)B和C屬于寫作手法，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)B和C。再根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是SohaiiInayatullah和JenniferGidley共同編撰的《轉(zhuǎn)型中的大學(xué)》這本書中所提到的內(nèi)容，屬于說明文。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

9.單選題

Someyearsago,Houstonairportfacedatroublingissue.Passengerswere（1）aboutthelongwaitsatbaggageclaim(行李提取處).（2）,theexecutivesincreasedthenumberofbaggagehandlers.Theplan（3）:theaveragewaitfelltoeightminutes,wellwithinindustrystandard.（4）thecomplaintspersisted.

（5）,theairportexecutivesundertookamorecarefulanalysis.Theyfoundthatit（6）passengersaminutetowalkfromtheirarrivalgatestobaggageclaimandsevenmoreminutestogettheirbags.（7）,roughly88percentoftheirtimewasspentstandingaroundwaitingfortheirbags.

Sotheydecidedonanewapproach:（8）reducingwaittime,theymovedthearrivalgatesfartherawayfromthemainterminal.Passengersnowhadtowalksixtimeslonger.Complaintsdroppedtonear（9）.

Thisstoryshowsthattheexperienceofwaitingisdefinedonlypartlybytheobjective（10）ofthewait.Occupiedtime(walkingtobaggageclaim)feels（11）thanunoccupiedtime(（12）atbaggageclaim).Researchonqueuinghasshownthat,peopleonaverage,（13）howlongthey’vewaitedinaline.

Thisisalso（14）onefindsmirrorsnexttoelevators.The（15）wasbornduringthepost-WorldWarIIboom,whenthespreadofhigh-rises（16）complaintsaboutelevatordelays.Thereasonbehindthemirrorswas（17）totheoneusedattheHoustonairport:givepeoplesomethingtooccupytheirtime.（18）overnight,thecomplaintsceased.

We’llnever（19）linesaltogether,butabetterunderstandingofthepsychologyofwaitingcanhelpmakethose（20）delaysmorebearable.Andwhenallelsefails,bringabook.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.warning

B.thinking

C.asking

D.complaining

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Inresponse

B.Infact

C.Intheory

D.Inturn

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.failed

B.worked

C.stopped

D.continued

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.So

B.But

C.Or

D.And

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Puzzled

B.Scared

C.Delighted

D.Relieved

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.spent

B.needed

C.cost

D.took

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.Ingeneral

B.Inaddition

C.Inanycase

D.Inotherwords

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.inspiteof

B.insteadof

C.bymeansof

D.becauseof

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.nothing

B.zero

C.none

D.no

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.complaint

B.reach

C.feeling

D.length

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.shorter

B.better

C.longer

D.harder

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.looking

B.standing

C.serving

D.pointing