現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)-講練

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)講練

考點(diǎn)一概念與結(jié)構(gòu)

典型考題：1.He(take)themedicinebefore.I(neverhear)ofthatbefore.

2.--Wouldyouliketoseethefilmwithme?--I'msorryI__________ittwice.A.seeB.willsee

C.haveseen

D.amseeing3.Inthepastfewyearsthere

greatchangesinmyhometown.A.havebeenB.were

C.hadbeen

D.are4.--Kitty,willyougotoseethefilm-ColdMountainthisevening?--No,Iwon't.I

italready.A.saw

B.haveseen

C.see

D.willsee5.Hasyourbrother_____thedog?

Akeptin

Bfed

Cfedon

Dkepton

6.I'msorry,I____yourname.

Ahadforgotten

Bforgot

Chaveforgotten

Dforgotten

7.Wehave

allthepapersoweneedtobuysome.

Ausedup

BmadeofCfilledwith

D考點(diǎn)二already與yet"already"用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句中Hehas(already)visitedmany

placesinChina.Hehascomebacknow.

注意"already"在句中的兩種位置.Hehas(already)visitedmany

placesinChina.Hehasvisitedmany

placesinChina(already)."yet"用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句和疑問句中,常于句末Thetrainhasn‘tarrivedyet.火車（到現(xiàn)在）還沒有到。

Hasshearrivedyet?

她已經(jīng)到了嗎？Hasn‘thecomeyet?她還沒來嗎？典型考題：Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhpmework.(改為一般疑問句)youyourhomework?考點(diǎn)三、延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與短暫性動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)肯定句中，與since或for引出的時(shí)間狀語連用的是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不能是短暫性動(dòng)詞，但在否定句中短暫性動(dòng)詞也是可以的。E.g.Ihaven'tboughtclothesforoneyear.但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：①瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“一段時(shí)間+ago”的一般過去時(shí)的句型中；②瞬間動(dòng)詞可改成與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及短語，與一段時(shí)間連用；③瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Itis+一段時(shí)間+since+一般過去時(shí)”的句型中，表示“自從……以來有……時(shí)間”的意思，主句一般用itis來代替Ithasbeen;④瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Sometimehaspassedsince+一般過去時(shí)”的句型中。請(qǐng)看：

A.HejoinedtheLeaguetwoyearsago.

B.HehasbeenintheLeaguefortwoyears.

C.ItistwoyearssincehejoinedtheLeague.

D.TwoyearshaspassedsincehejoinedtheLeague

典型考題

1.

改錯(cuò)：Shehasleft(離開)for2hours.2.Hehas____thewatchforayear.

Abuy

Bbought

Chave

Dhad

（）3.下列四句是“這本書我已經(jīng)買了三個(gè)月了?！钡挠⒆g文，哪一種不對(duì)？A.Ihavehadthisbookforthreemonths.B.Ihaveboughtthisbookforthreemonths.C.Iboughtthisbookthreemonthsago.D.ItisthreemonthssinceIboughtthisbook.4.I____thisbookfortwoweeks,Ihavetoreturnitnow.Aborrowed

Bhave

borrowed

Ckept

Dhavekept5.Herbrother_____thePartysince1978.

Ajoined

Bhasjoined

Chasbeenin

Dwasin6.Thebookshop_____foreightyears.

A.hasbeenopen

Bhasbeenopened

C,hasopened

Dhasopen

考點(diǎn)四for與since用法區(qū)別與替換動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,目前仍在繼續(xù)或剛剛結(jié)束,常和"for"加上"一段時(shí)間",或"since"加上"一個(gè)確切的過去的時(shí)間"連用.

a)"for"用于過去直到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間.(動(dòng)詞必須是可以延續(xù)的)

Hehasbeenthereforsixmonths.

她去那兒有6個(gè)月了。(直到現(xiàn)在)Hewentthere6monthsago.

Hehasneverbeenthere.他從來都沒去過那里。(直到現(xiàn)在)

b)"since"用于過去的一個(gè)確切的時(shí)間,意思是"從那時(shí)一直到現(xiàn)在",總是和完成時(shí)一齊用,而且不能省略.(主句動(dòng)詞必須是可以延續(xù)的)結(jié)構(gòu)為since+過去的一個(gè)確切的時(shí)間或since+一段時(shí)間+ago。"since"后面的確切的過去的時(shí)間也可以是一個(gè)含過去時(shí)的從句.

TimhasbeeninNantongsinceJanuary.自從1月份以來他一直都在南通。(現(xiàn)在仍在南通)Hehasbeentheresince6monthsago.Hehasbeeninterestedincollectingcoinssincehewasachild.他打小時(shí)侯起就對(duì)收集硬幣感興趣?，F(xiàn)在還如此）典型考題用for或since填空。1.JillhasbeeninIrelandMonday.

2.JillhasbeeninIrelandthreedays.

3.MyaunthaslivedinAustralia15days.

4.Margaretisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere7o'clock.

5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry1974.

6.Thebusislate.We'vebeenwaiting20minutes.

7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears.考點(diǎn)五"havebeen（去過）和"havegone"（去沒，了）的區(qū)別:HehasgonetoBeijing(Heisthereorisonhiswaythere.)

HehasbeentoShanghai.(Hewasthereonce,butheisnottherenow.)Ihavebeeninhechuanfor6years.(Icamehere6yearsagoandnowI’mstillhere.

"havebeento+地點(diǎn)"是表示曾去過某地，但此刻不在那兒（即在說話的地方）。而"havegoneto+地點(diǎn)"是表示去某地了，此刻在路上或已經(jīng)到了那個(gè)地方（即不在說話的地方）。注意：這兩個(gè)句式后接副詞時(shí)，需省to。E.g.Hehasgonethere.“havebeenin”表在某地（有多久），常與for短語或since短語或howｌｏｎｇ搭配。典型考題1..--Hello，thisisLilyspeaking．CouldIspeaktoMr.Black?--Sorry．He______theXuanwuLakePark．A.hasbeento

B.wentto

C.hasgoneto

D.willgoto2.Haveyouever___totheGreatWall?It'sverybeautiful.

Agone

Bbeen

Cwent

Dgo3.填入has/havebeen或has/havegone1.Harry：IsawyouinAnnabel'sRestaurantlastnight.

Diana：No,itwasn'tme.Ineverthere.

2.Sam：SallyandTimareonholiday,aren'tthey?Wherethey?

Sue：ToFlorida,again.

Sam：Howmanytimestheythere?Sue：Thisistheirthirdvisit.

3.Joe：CanIhaveanapple,please?

Mary：Wehaven'tgotany.Inottotheshopstoday.

考點(diǎn)六一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較與轉(zhuǎn)換一般過去時(shí)(常帶有確切的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語)與之搭配的時(shí)間副詞常用的有:Yesterday,lastweek,lastyear,at5:30,lastweekend,lastmonth.有時(shí)用onweekend,thismorning

Whendidyoustayatthishotel?Istayedherefiveyearsago.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（無確切的過去的時(shí)間狀語）和完成時(shí)連用的副詞和短語：

already,

yet,

just,

ever,

never,

before,sofar,recently,inrecentyears

today,

now,

thismorning,

thisweek,

thesedays,

inthepasttwoyears

forthreehours,

fortwoweeks,

foryears,

foralongtime,

sincethreeo‘clock,

sincelastTuesday,

since1980,

sincethen

sincehecamehere,

sincewebegantolearnEnglish

和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較:Haveyoueverstayedatthishotel?

Yes,I‘vestayedheretwice.(無確切的過去的時(shí)間狀語)

Yes,Istayedherefortwomonths.(過去的一段時(shí)間,我已不在那兒.)

Yes,Istayedherefiveyearsago.(有確切的過去的時(shí)間狀語)Howlonghaveyoubeenstayingatthishotel?仍在這兒)針對(duì)練習(xí)翻譯下列句子，并比較兩句意思的不同。

1.Ihaveseenthefilm.

Isawitlastnight.

2.Theplanehasnotarrivedyet.

Itwillarrivesoon.

3.Wherehaveyoubeen?

Ihavebeentothelibrary.

Whatdidyoudothere?

Ireturnedsomebooks.

4．HowlonghaveyoubeenaPartymember?

IhavebeenaPartymemberforfiveyears.

IjoinedthePartyfiveyearsago.

5.Ihaven‘tseenhimsincehewenttothenorth.6填詞.They_____________(have)fiveEnglisheveningslastterm.They____(have)fiveEnglisheveningssincelastterm.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)。一．用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.Ialready(see)thefilm.I(see)itlastweek.

2.-What________Tom_________(do)now?

-He____________(work)onamathsproblem.

-_______he_________(work)itout?-No,notyet.

I___________(think)he____________(work)itoutsoon.3.—you(be)toHongKong?

—Yes,I(be)theretwice.

4.—youever(eat)chocolatesundaes（圣代）?

—No,never.

5.Myfatherjust(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.

6.—Where'sLiMing?—He(go)totheteacher'soffice.

7.Shanghai(be)asmalltownhundredsofyearsago.Nowit(become)alargecity.

8.I(work)heresinceI(move)herein1999.

9.SofarI(make)quiteafewfriendshere.10.-What______he___________(do)whenyou_________(go)toseehimyesterdaymorning?

-He____________(write)aletterothismother.11.

-wheredoesyourfatherwork?

-He_____________(work)inthatfactory.

-Howlong__________he__________(work)there?

-Forovertwentyyears.

12.-What________you_________(do)now?

-I_______________(read)abook.

-Howmanypages________you_________(read)?

-Aboutthirty.

二.句型轉(zhuǎn)換(每空一詞)。1.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.(改為否定句)

IbeentoMacaubefore.2.Hehasn'tcometoschoolbecausehe'sill.(提問)

hecometoschool?

3.HehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.(就劃線部分提問)

learnedEnglish?

4.Iboughtanewbikejustnow.(用just改寫)

Ijustanewbike.

5.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.(同義句)

WeEnglishthreeyears.6.Wehavevisitedthefactorytwice.

7.IhaveboughtaChinese-EnglishDictionary.

三，改錯(cuò)。劃出錯(cuò)誤，并在題后改正。

1.Hehasboughtthepenfortwoyears.

2.Ihaveborrowedthebookfortwoyears.

3.Thefilmhasbegunforhalfanhour.

4.Theyhavecomehereforamonth.

5.WehavebeguntolearnEnglishforayear.

6.Mybrotherhasjoinedthearmyfortwoyears.

7.Wehavebuiltalotofnewhousesfortwoyears.

8.Whenhaveyougotthere?Lastyear.

9.Hehasfoundthebikejustnow.

10.I‘mgladyou‘vecomeback.Howlonghaveyoustayedthere?四，嘗試翻譯下列句子。

1.你去過長城嗎?去過.我是1980年去那兒的.

2.他自從去了美國以來還沒有給我寫過信.

3.懷特一家在這里住了已有十年了.

4.在最近的十年里上海發(fā)生了很多變化.

5.史密斯先生來中國有兩星期了.

6.小李在那兒?他去了圖書館

7.你爸爸當(dāng)教師有多久了?

8.這本書你讀了幾遍?五．單項(xiàng)選擇（）1.Hesteppedintotheoffice,_____downandbegantofillintheforms.A.sittingB.tositC.satD.havingit（）2.I’llgowithyouassoonasI____myhomework.A.willfinishB.finishC.amfinishingD.finished（）3.Ifit___tomorrow,Iwon’tgotothecinema.willrainB.rainsC.israiningD.rained（）4.——WhoisJerryCooper?—_____?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.A.Don’tyoumeethimyetB.Hadn’tyoumeethimyetC.Didn‘tyoumeethimyetD.Haven’tyoumethimyet(）5.Greatchanges___inmyhometownsinceliberation.A.havebeentakenplaceB.tookplaceC.havetakenplaceD.weretakenplace（）6.Mary_____adresswhenshecutherfinger.A.madeB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.makes（）7.——Doyouknowourtownatall?——No,thisisthefirsttimeI_____here.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.am