2019年陜西省高考英語(yǔ)模擬試題與答案-(一)文檔

2019年陜西省高考英語(yǔ)模擬試題（一）（考試時(shí)間120分鐘，試卷滿(mǎn)分150分）注意事項(xiàng)：答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。作答時(shí)，務(wù)必將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷及草稿紙上無(wú)效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）略第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIt'stimeforourannual100+word—storyContestagain.Howdowepickoutthewinners?Readourfinalchoiceslastyearbelow.Afterreadingthese.headovertoFacebookandsubmityourownstorytoReader'sDigest.WINNER:$1000LynneMompleSouthAfricaMavistookoneendandItheotherandtogetherwecarefullymovedtheoldbedthroughthebedroomdoorandtheopenbalconydoors.Welifteditoverthebalustrade（扶手）intothehandsoffamilymemberswaitingbelow.CarryingitunderthelowAlbiziabranches,thenpasttheloses,theygentlyputitdowninthemiddleofthefreshlymownlawn.Chantellecarriedoutthecottonsheets，theembroideredpillows,andfinallythemulti-colouredblankethergreat-grandmotherhadknittedforme.Tonight.onher90thbirthday.mymotherwantstosleepoutunderthestars.WHATTHEJUDGESSAID:“Wethoughtthisstoryhadastrongvisualimpactthankstotherichselectionofwords.Itisadeservingwinner.”RUNNER-UP:$250RituHemnaniHongKongCopeandMeeraplayedtogethereveryday.'Raceyoutothegarden!"Meerawon.'Tmonestepahead!'CopechasedMeeraaroundthetrees.Thenshewept“We'removingaway."Cope'sheartbroke.Iwillwritetoyou."Foryearstheyremembered.Thenlifepulledthemapart.Yetneitheroneforgot.“It'stimeforyoutomarry."Cope'sfathersaidoneday.“Ihavechosenagirt."“Ihopeshe'ssweet,"Copeprayed.Later,heliftedherveil（面紗）.“Meera,it'syou!"‘IguessI'mstillonestepahead!"Meerasmiled.WHATTHEJUDGESSAID:“Thisentrytellsacompletestory.Itconveysarichtendernessandintimacythathasalastingimpactonthereader."Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Todisplaysomefunnystories.B.Toencouragereaderstocontribute.'C.Toadvertisetwoawardedstories.D.Topromoteastory-tellingcontestIntheopinionofthejudges,thefirststoryhasastrongvisualimpactbecauseof.varietyinwordB.creativityinstyleC.humourinlanguageD.flexibilityinexpressionWhatisthesecondstoryabout?Itisafunnyjoke.B.Itisafairytale.C.Itisaclassiccomedy.D.Itisaromanticstory.BThedeadliestmassshootingcommittedbyanindividualintheusleft58peopledeadandhundredswoundedatacountrymusicfestivalinLasVegasonOctober1.Smithwasatthefestivaltocelebratehisbrother's43rdbirthday.Whenthegunshotsstarted,Smithinitiallythoughttheywerefireworks.Soonhegotseparatedfromhisfamily.Asheturnedbacktowardthestagetolookforthem,hesawpeoplecrowdbehindacaratthenorthwestedgeoftheconcertlawn.Othersweresofrightenedthattheydidn'tknowwhattodo.“Activeshooter,activeshooter,let'sgo!Wehaveorun."herepeatedlyshouted.Hegraspedpeopleandtoldthemtofollowhimtowardaparkingareainthedirectionoftheairport,awayfromLasVegasAvenueAfewgirlsweren'tfullyhidden.ThecopymachinerepairmanfromOrangeCounty,California,stoodupandmovedtowardthemtourgethemtogetonthegroundThat'swhenabullet（子彈）struckhimintheneck.Smithbelievesanoff-dutySanDiegopoliceofficersavedhislife.TheofficercameoverandtriedtostopthebleedingandthensignaledpassingcarstotrytogetSmitharide.BythetimeSmithgotintoavehicle,hewasstrugglingtobreathe.Surgeonsfoundittooriskytoremovethebulletfromhisneck.Smithmayhavetolivewithitfortherestofhislife.HiscourageousactionshelpedhisphotosgoviralonTwitterandReddit.AphotoofSmithhasbeensharedmorethan74,000times,with177,000“l(fā)ikes".“Idon'tseemyselfthatway,"hesaid.“Iwouldwantsomeonetodothesameforme.Noonedeservestolosealifecomingtoacountryfestival.”WhydidSmithgotothemusicfestival?Toenjoyfireworks.B.Togatherwithhisfamily.C.Tomeethisfavouritesingers.D.Tocelebratehisbrother'sbirthday.HowdidSmithsavethepeoplebehindacar?Bydirectingthemtotheairport.Byblockingbulletswithhisbody.Bytakingthemtoasafeparkinglot.Bypressingthemtolieontheground.Thesurgeonsdidn'tremovethebulletinSmith'sneckinorderto.A.1etitfalloutnaturallyB.avoiddoingharmtohimC.makeitstopthebleedingD.useitasareminderofsafety27.WhatdoTwitterandRedditusersthinkofSmith?A.Heisaheroicfigure.B.Heisamodestperson.C.HeisanInternetaddict.D.Heisanambitiousdreamer.CTheworld'smostcomplexbiologicalcomputer,madefromagroupofengineeredcells,couldonedaybeimplantedintothebodytodetectdiseasesanddelivertreatments.Inanearlyresearchin2012,MartinFusseneggeratETHZurishinSwitzerlandandhiscolleaguesengineeredtwokidneycellstobecomeabiologicalcircuitcapableofsimplemathematics.Oneofthecellswasabletocalculateaddition:thepresenceorabsenceofeachoftwochemicalswouldswitchonareactioninsidethecellthatwouldmakeitshinedifferentcolours.Theothercellworkedinthesamewaybutcouldsubtractamounts.Thiskindofbiologicalcircuitresemblesasimplelogiccircuitinacomputer.Intheory,itcouldbeusedtoindicatethepresenceofaninfectioussubstancewhileinfactitfailed.Mostbiologicalreactionsinthebodyaren'tthatsimple,though.Theyrarelyrelyon“oneinputandoneoutput"—instead,multipleinputsleadtodifferentoutputs.Forinstance,ahighlevelofcalciuminthebodyinthepresenceofaspecifichormonemaysuggestonedisease,butahighlevelofcalciumalongwithanotherhormonemightindicateacompletelydifferentcondition.Tobemorepractical,biologicalcomputersneedtobeabletoperformmorecomplexmathematics.However,itishardtopackmultiplecalculationsintoasinglecell.Togetaroundthis,Fusseneggerandhisteamhaveengineeredamulticellularsystem,inwhichdifferentcellseachperformaseparatecalculationandpassontheresultstoeachother.Thesystemhasninecells,eachcontainingabiochemicalreactionthatrespondstothreechemicalinputs一similartoanAND,NOTandORsysteminatraditionalelectroniccircuit.Thesecellscoordinatetheiractivitiesbyreleasingchemicalsthatpassfromonecelltotheother.Together,theyformafullybiologicalcircuitthatcanrespondtomultipleinputs.“Althoughitisnotatastageyetwherewecantestonanimals,webelieveitisthemostcomplexbiologicalcomputereverassembled,"saysFussenegger.“Thisworkaddressesoneofthemajorlimitationsinsyntheticbiology（合成生物學(xué)）一alackofprogrammabledevices,"saysAngelGoni-Moreno,asyntheticbiologistatNewcastleUniversity,UK.HesaysthatFussenegger'smulticellularapproachenablesyoutoprogrammethecircuitandachievedifferentcalculationsjustbyconnectingtheninecellsindifferentconfigurations（設(shè)置）.Inthefuture,abiologicalcomputerlikethiscouldbeusedtomonitormorecomplexmedicalconditions.Forexample,itcouldrespondtoariseincalcium,adropinahormoneandanincreaseinabiomarker,whichtogetherwouldsignalthepresenceofaspecifictypeofcancer,helpdiagnoseitandalerttheusertoseekappropriatetreatment.Theunderlinedword“subtract"inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto.A.addupB.takeawayC.splitupD.giveawayWhatwastheprogressmadeinFussenegger'searlyresearch?Abiologicalcircuitwasimplantedinoneofkidneycells.Theindicationofinfectioussubstancesbecameareality.Engineeredkidneycellscouldswitchonbiologicalreactions.Certaincellsweremadecapableofperformingmathematics.WhathasmadeFussenegger'scurrentmulticellularsystemsospecial?Ithasallthefunctionsofatraditionalelectroniccircuit.Itisprogrammableandabletoperformdifferentmathematics.Ithassuccessfullypackedmultiplecalculationsintoasinglecell.Ithasbeentestedthroughaseriesofexperimentsonanimals.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?SmartcellsindicatingvariouscancersElectroniccircuitmadefrommulti-cellsProgrammablecellsimplantedinhumanbodiesBiologicalcomputermadefromhumancellsD“Twocenturiesago,LewisandClarkleftSt.LouistoexplorethenewlandsacquiredintheLouisianaPurchase,"GeorgeW.Bushsaid,announcinghisdesireforaprogramtosendmenandwomentoMars.Theymadethatjourneyinthespiritofdiscovery.Americahasventuredforthintospaceforthesamereasons."Yettherearev