2022年大學英語考試模擬卷八14測

2022年大學英語考試模擬卷ハ（本卷共分為1大題50小題,作答時間為180分鐘,總分100分,60分及格。）單位: 姓名: 考號:題號單選題多項選擇判斷題綜合題總分分值得分ー、單項選擇題(共50題,每題2分。每題的備選項中,只有一個最符合題意)1.IthasbeennecessarytoreferrepeatedlytotheeffectsofthetwoworIdwarsinpromotingalIkindsofinnovation.Itshouldbe(62)alsothattechnologicalinnovationshave(63)thecharacterofwaritselfbythe(64)ofnewmechanicalandchemicaldevices.Oneweapondeveloped(65)WorldWar11deservesaspecialmention.The(66)ofrocketpropulsion(推進カ)wasweIIknownearlier,anditspossibiIitiesasa(67)ofachievingspeedssufficienttoescapefromtheEarth'sgravitational(引力的)pulIhadbeen(68)outbytheRussianandtheAmericanscientists.The(69)builtanexperimentalIiquid-fuelledrocketin1926. (70),agroupofGermanandRomanianpioneerswasworkingacrossthesameIinesvandinthe1930s,itwasthisteamthatdeveIopedarocket(71)ofdeliveringawarheadhundredsofmilesaway.Reachingaheightofover100miles,theV-2rocket(72)thebeginningoftheSpaceAge,andmembersofitsdesignteamwere(73)inboththeSovietandUnitedStatesspaceprogramsafterthewar.TechnologyhadatremendoussociaI(74)intheperiod1900—1945.TheautomobiIeandelectricpower,ontheotherhand,radicallychangedboththescaleandthequaIityof20th-centuryIife,(75)aprocessofrapidurbanizationandavirtualrevolution(76)Iivingthroughmassproductionofhouseholdgoodsand(77).TherapiddeveIopmentoftheairplane,thecinema,(78)radiomadetheworldseemsuddenlysmalIerandmore(79).ThedevelopmentofmanyproductsofthechemicalindustryfurthertransformedtheIifeof(80)peopIe.Intheyearsfollowing1945theconstructiveandcreativeopportunitiesofmoderntechnoIogycouldbeexploited,(81)theprocesshasnotbeenwithoutitsproblems.techniquemediumforcemeans2.BringOurSchooIsoutofthe20thCenturyThere'sadarklittlejokeexchangedbyeducatorswithanopposingtrace:RipVanWinkleawakensinthe21centuryafterahundred-yearsleepandis,ofcourse,utterlybewiIderedbywhathesees.Menandwomendashabout,talkingtosmalImetaldevicesattachedtotheirears.YoungpeopIesitathomeonsofas,movingminiatureathletesaroundonelectronicscreens.OlderfolkdefydeathanddisabiIitywithdevicesintheirchestsandwithhipsmadeofmetalandplastic.Airports,hospitals,shoppingwaIIs-everyplaceRipgoesjustbaffleshim.Butwhenhefinallywalksintoaschoolroom,theoldmanknowsexactIywhereheis."ThisisaschooI,"hedeclares."Weusedtohavethesebackin1906.Onlynowtheblackboardsaregreen."AmericanschooIsaren'texactIyfrozenintime,butconsideringthepaceofchangeinotherareasofIife,ourpubIicschooIstendtofeelIikethrowbacks.Kidsspendmuchofthedayastheirgrandparentsoncedid.sittinginrows,Iisteningtoteachers'lecture,scribblingnotesbyhand,readingfromtextbooksthatareoutofdatebythetimetheyareprinted.AyawninggapseparatestheworldinsidetheschooIhousefromtheworIdoutside.Forthepastfiveyears,thenationaIconversationoneducationhasfocusedonreadingscores,mathtestsandclosingthe"achievementgap"betweensociaIclasses.Thisisnotastoryaboutthatconversation.ThisisastoryaboutthebigpubIicconversationthenationisnothavingabouteducation,theonethatwiIIu11imateIydeterminenotmerelywhethersomefractionofourchiIdrenget"Ieftbehind"butalsowhetheranentiregenerationofkidswiIIfaiItomakethegradeinthegIobaIeconomybecausetheycantthinktheirwaythroughabstractproblems,workinteams,distinguishgoodinformationfrombadorspeakaIanguageotherthanEnglish.Rightnowwe'reaimingtoolow.Competencyinreadingandmathisjusttheminimum.ScientificandtechnicaIskillsare,Iikewise,utterlynecessarybutinsufficient.Today,seconomydemandsnotonlyahigh-levelcompetenceinthetraditionalacademicdisciplinesbutalsowhatmightbecalled21stcenturyskills.Here,swhattheyare: Knowingmoreabouttheworld.Thinkingoutsidethebox.Becomingsmarteraboutnewsourcesofinformation.DevelopinggoodpeopIeskills.RealKnowledgeintheGoogIeEraLearnthenamesofalItheriversinSouthAmerica.ThatwastheassignmentgiventoDeborahStipek'sdaughterMeredithinschooI,andhermom,who'sdeanoftheStanfordUniversitySchooIofEducation,wasnotimpressed."That'ssiIly,“Stipektoldherdaughter."TelIyourteacherthatifyouneedtoknowanythingbesidestheAmazon,youcanlookituponGoogle.”Anynumberofold-schoolassignment-memorizingthebattlesoftheCivilWarortheperiodictableoftheeIements-nowseemfaintlyabsurd.Thatkindofinformation,whichispoorlyretainedunlessyouroutineIyuseit,isavaiIableatakeystroke.Still,fewwouldarguethatanAmericanchildshouldn'tlearnthecausesoftheCiviIWarorunderstandhowtheperiodictablereflectstheatomicstructureandpropertiesoftheeIements.AsschoolcriticE.D.HirschJr.pointsoutinhisbook,TheKnowIedgeDeficitvkidsneedasubstantiaIfundofinformationjusttomakesenseofreadingmaterialsbeyondthegrade-schoolIeveI.WithoutmasteringthefundamentaIbuiIdingblocksofmath,scienceorhistory,compIexconceptsareimpossible.ManyanalystsbeIievethattoachievetherightbalancebetweensuchcoreknowIedgeandwhateducatorscalInportableskiIIs"-criticalthinking,makingconnectionsbetweenideasandknowinghowtokeeponlearning"theUScurriculumneedstobecomemoreIikethatofSingapore,BelgiumandSweden,whosestudentsoutperformAmericanstudentsonmathandsciencetests.ClassesinthesecountriesdwelIonkeyconceptsthataretaughtindepthandincarefulsequence,asopposedtoasuccessionofforgettabledetaiIssooftenservedinU.S.classrooms.Textbooksandtestssupportthisapproach."CountriesfromGermanytoSingaporehaveextremelysmalItextbooksthatfocusonthemostpowerfulandgenerativeideas,"saysRoyPea,co-directoroftheStanfordCenterforInnovationsinLearning.Thesemightbethekeyrulesinmath,"thelawsinscienceortherelationshipbetweensupplyanddemandineconomics.America'sthicktextbooks,bycontrast,tendtogothroughamind-numbingstreamoftopicsandsubtopicsinanattempttoaddressavastrangeofeducationalstandards.DepthoverbreadthandtheabilitytoleapacrossdiscipIinesareexactIywhatteachersaimforattheHenryFordAcademy,apubIicschoolinDearborn,Michigan.Lastfall,10th-gradersinCharlesDershimer'sscienceclassbeganaprojectthatcombinesconceptsfromearthscience,chemistry,businessanddesign.9/11survivors.Highschooljuniors.Film-makingmajors.Futureengineers,.Fourin10teachershavefacedverbalorphysicalaggression(襲擊)fromapupil'sparentorguardian,accordingtotheAssociationofTeachersandLecturers.Andofthe1000teacherssurveyed,aquartersaidapupiIhadattackedthem.Overathirdofteachersinprimaryschoolssaidtheyhadexperiencedphysicalaggression,comparedwith20%insecondaryschools.ThegovernmentsaysteachershavesufficientmeansattheirdisposaItopunishdestructivepupiIs.However,almost60%ofthosequestionedfortheAssociationofTeachersandLecturers'surveythoughtpupiIbehaviorhadworsenedduringthepastfiveyears.Andtheresponsesofthesurveyquestioningover1000teachersfromprimaryandsecondaryschooIsappeartosuggestthatbadbehaviorisnotthepreserveofsecondaryschooIs.OneteacherataprimaryschooIinEngIandsaid:"Asix-year-oldcompIeteIytrashedthestaffroom,putaknifethroughacomputerscreen,attackedstaffandwehadtocaIIthepolice.Anothersix-year-oldattackedstaffandpupiIswiththeteacher'sscissors.MPeopIe.oftenunderestimatethatyoungchiIdrencanbeasviolentandintimidatingastheolderones.Anotherteachersaid:"IandothermembersofstaffwerephysicaIIyassaulteddailybyafive-year-old(includingpunching).Hewastakentotheheadto'calmdown'thenbroughtbacktoapologize.Andthenwewereunderattacksagain.ItbecameaviciouscircleandIwasoffsickasaresult.HAroundonethirdofteacherssurveyedsaidthattheyhadlostconfidenceasaresultofthebehaviortheyhadfaced.Butmostteachers(90%)reportedthat"destructivebehavior1'constitutedtalkinginclass."PersistentIow-1eveIrudenessanddestructionseemstohavebecomeafactofIifeineducationtodayandnolongerraiseseyebrowsorseemstomeritspecialattention,nsaidDrIanLancaster,asecondaryschoolteacherfromCheshire. "reacherswi11discusstheproblemattheAssociationofTeachersandLecturers'conferencenextweek.Lastyearitemergedthatmorethan300pupiIsadaywerebeingtemporariIyrratherthanpermanentIy,excIudedforviolentconduct.AsimilarsurveybyATLtwoyearsagosuggestedhalfofteachersknewanotherwhohadbeendrivenoutoftheprofessionbyvi〇Ientconduct.Holdingfirmlytheideathatnomemberofteachingstaffshouldbesubjectedtoviolentbehaviorbyeitherstudentsorparents,ATLstronglyadvocatesthatMParentsshouIdbeactingasgoodroIemodeIsbysupportingstaffandhelpingthemcreateamorepositivelearningenvironmentfortheirchiIdren".WhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassageDangerousSchoolLife.PowerofRoleModels.CampusViolence.D.TeachersSuffer.IthasbeennecessarytoreferrepeatedlytotheeffectsofthetwoworldwarsinpromotingalIkindsofinnovation.ItshouIdbe(62)alsothattechnologicalinnovationshave(63)thecharacterofwaritselfbythe(64)ofnewmechanicalandchemicaldevices.OneweapondeveIoped(65)WorldWarIIdeservesaspecialmention.The(66)ofrocketpropulsion(推進カ)wasweIIknownearlier,anditspossibiIitiesasa(67)ofachievingspeedssufficienttoescapefromtheEarth'sgravitational(引力的)pulIhadbeen(68)outbytheRussianandtheAmericanscientists.The(69)builtanexperimentalIiquid-fuelledrocketin1926. (70),agroupofGermanandRomanianpioneerswasworkingacrossthesameIines,andinthe1930s,itwasthisteamthatdeveIopedarocket(71)ofdeliveringawarheadhundredsofmilesaway.Reachingaheightofover100miles,theV-2rocket(72)thebeginningoftheSpaceAge,andmembersofitsdesignteamwere(73)inboththeSovietandUnitedStatesspaceprogramsafterthewar.TechnologyhadatremendoussociaI(74)intheperiod1900—1945.TheautomobiIeandelectricpower,ontheotherhand,radicallychangedboththescaleandthequaIityof20th-centuryIife,(75)aprocessofrapidurbanizationandavirtualrevolution(76)Iivingthroughmassproductionofhouseholdgoodsand(77).TherapiddeveIopmentoftheairplane,thecinema,(78)radiomadetheworldseemsuddenlysmalIerandmore(79).ThedevelopmentofmanyproductsofthechemicalindustryfurthertransformedtheIifeof(80)peopIe.Intheyearsfollowing1945theconstructiveandcreativeopportunitiesofmoderntechnologycouldbeexploited,(81)theprocesshasnotbeenwithoutitsproblems.takenpointedcarriedhanded5.BringOurSchooIsoutofthe20thCenturyThere'sadarklittlejokeexchangedbyeducatorswithanopposingtrace:RipVanWinkleawakensinthe21centuryafterahundred-yearsleepandis,ofcourse,utterlybewiIderedbywhathesees.Menandwomendashabout,talkingtosmalImetaldevicesattachedtotheirears.YoungpeopIesitathomeonsofas,movingminiatureathletesaroundonelectronicscreens.OlderfolkdefydeathanddisabiIitywithdevicesintheirchestsandwithhipsmadeofmetalandplastic.Airports,hospitals,shoppingwaIIs-everyplaceRipgoesjustbaffleshim.Butwhenhefinallywalksintoaschoolroom,theoldmanknowsexactIywhereheis."ThisisaschooI,"hedeclares."Weusedtohavethesebackin1906.Onlynowtheblackboardsaregreen."AmericanschooIsaren'texactIyfrozenintime,butconsideringthepaceofchangeinotherareasofIife,ourpubIicschooIstendtofeelIikethrowbacks.Kidsspendmuchofthedayastheirgrandparentsoncedid.sittinginrows,Iisteningtoteachers1lecture,scribblingnotesbyhand,readingfromtextbooksthatareoutofdatebythetimetheyareprinted.AyawninggapseparatestheworldinsidetheschooIhousefromtheworldoutside.Forthepastfiveyears,thenationaIconversationoneducationhasfocusedonreadingscores,mathtestsandclosingthe“achievementgap"betweensociaIclasses.Thisisnotastoryaboutthatconversation.ThisisastoryaboutthebigpubIicconversationthenationisnothavingabouteducation,theonethatwiIIu11imateIydeterminenotmerelywhethersomefractionofourchiIdrenget"Ieftbehind"butalsowhetheranentiregenerationofkidswiIIfaiItomakethegradeinthegIobaIeconomybecausetheycan5tthinktheirwaythroughabstractproblems,workinteams,distinguishgoodinformationfrombadorspeakaIanguageotherthanEnglish.Rightnowwe'reaimingtoolow.Competencyinreadingandmathisjusttheminimum.ScientificandtechnicaIskillsare,Iikewise,utterlynecessarybutinsufficient.Today,seconomydemandsnotonlyahigh-levelcompetenceinthetraditionalacademicdiscipIinesbutalsowhatmightbecalled21stcenturyskills.Here,swhattheyare: KnowingmoreabouttheworId.Thinkingoutsidethebox.Becomingsmarteraboutnewsourcesofinformation.DevelopinggoodpeopIeskills.RealKnowIedgeintheGoogIeEraLearnthenamesofalItheriversinSouthAmerica.ThatwastheassignmentgiventoDeborahStipek'sdaughterMeredithinschooI,andhermom,who'sdeanoftheStanfordUniversitySchooIofEducation,wasnotimpressed."That'ssiIIy,r>Stipektoldherdaughter.nTelIyourteacherthatifyouneedtoknowanythingbesidestheAmazon,youcanlookituponGoogle."Anynumberofold-schoolassignment-memorizingthebattlesoftheCivilWarortheperiodictableoftheeIements-nowseemfaintlyabsurd.Thatkindofinformation,whichispoorlyretainedunlessyouroutineIyuseit,isavaiIableatakeystroke.Still,fewwouldarguethatanAmericanchildshouldn9tlearnthecausesoftheCivilWarorunderstandhowtheperiodictablereflectstheatomicstructureandpropertiesoftheeIements.AsschoolcriticE.D.HirschJr,pointsoutinhisbook,TheKnowIedgeDeficit,kidsneedasubstantiaIfundofinformationjusttomakesenseofreadingmaterialsbeyondthegrade-schoolIeveI.WithoutmasteringthefundamentaIbuiIdingblocksofmath,scienceorhistory,compIexconceptsareimpossible.ManyanalystsbeIievethattoachievetherightbalancebetweensuchcoreknowIedgeandwhateducatorscalI"portableskiIIs"-criticalthinking,makingconnectionsbetweenideasandknowinghowtokeeponlearning-theUScurriculumneedstobecomemoreIikethatofSingapore,BelgiumandSweden,whosestudentsoutperformAmericanstudentsonmathandsciencetests.ClassesinthesecountriesdwelIonkeyconceptsthataretaughtindepthandincarefulsequence,asopposedtoasuccessionofforgettabledetaiIssooftenservedinU.S.classrooms.Textbooksandtestssupportthisapproach."CountriesfromGermanytoSingaporehaveextremelysmalItextbooksthatfocusonthemostpowerfulandgenerativeideas,HsaysRoyPea,co-directoroftheStanfordCenterforInnovationsinLearning.Thesemightbethekeyrulesinmath,"thelawsinscienceortherelationshipbetweensupplyanddemandineconomics.America'sthicktextbooks,bycontrast,tendtogothroughamind-numbingstreamoftopicsandsubtopicsinanattempttoaddressavastrangeofeducationalstandards.DepthoverbreadthandtheabilitytoleapacrossdiscipIinesareexactIywhatteachersaimforattheHenryFordAcademy,apubIicschoolinDearborn,Michigan.Lastfall,10th-gradersinCharlesDershimer'sscienceclassbeganaprojectthatcombinesconceptsfromearthscience,chemistry,businessanddesign.6200,3100.2100.911IthasbeennecessarytoreferrepeatedlytotheeffectsofthetwoworIdwarsinpromotingalIkindsofinnovation.Itshouldbe(62)alsothattechnologicalinnovationshave(63)thecharacterofwaritselfbythe(64)ofnewmechanicalandchemicaldevices.OneweapondeveIoped(65)WorldWar11deservesaspecialmention.The(66)ofrocketpropulsion(推進カ)wasweIIknownearIier,anditspossibiIitiesasa(67)ofachievingspeedssufficienttoescapefromtheEarth'sgravitational(引力的)pulIhadbeen(68)outbytheRussianandtheAmericanscientists.The(69)builtanexperimentalIiquid-fuelledrocketin1926. (70),agroupofGermanandRomanianpioneerswasworkingacrossthesameIinesvandinthe1930s,itwasthisteamthatdeveIopedarocket(71)ofdeliveringawarheadhundredsofmilesaway.Reachingaheightofover100miles,theV-2rocket(72)thebeginningoftheSpaceAge,andmembersofitsdesignteamwere(73)inboththeSovietandUnitedStatesspaceprogramsafterthewar.TechnologyhadatremendoussociaI(74)intheperiod1900—1945.TheautomobiIeandelectricpower,ontheotherhand,radicallychangedboththescaleandthequaIityof20th-centuryIife,(75)aprocessofrapidurbanizationandavirtualrevolution(76)Iivingthroughmassproductionofhouseholdgoodsand(77).TherapiddeveIopmentoftheairplane,thecinema,(78)radiomadetheworldseemsuddenlysmalIerandmore(79).ThedevelopmentofmanyproductsofthechemicalindustryfurthertransformedtheIifeof(80)peopIe.Intheyearsfollowing1945theconstructiveandcreativeopportunitiesofmoderntechnoIogycouldbeexploited,(81)theprocesshasnotbeenwithoutitsproblems.A.latterB.latestC.followingD.nextIthasbeennecessarytoreferrepeatedlytotheeffectsofthetwoworIdwarsinpromotingalIkindsofinnovation.Itshouldbe(62)aIsothattechnologicalinnovationshave(63)thecharacterofwaritselfbythe(64)ofnewmechanicalandchemicaldevices.OneweapondeveIoped(65)WorldWarIIdeservesaspecialmention.The(66)ofrocketpropulsion(推進カ)wasweIIknownearlier,anditspossibiIitiesasa(67)ofachievingspeedssufficienttoescapefromtheEarth'sgravitational(引力的)pulIhadbeen(68)outbytheRussianandtheAmericanscientists.The(69)builtanexperimentalIiquid-fuelledrocketin1926. (70),agroupofGermanandRomanianpioneerswasworkingacrossthesameIines,andinthe1930s,itwasthisteamthatdevelopedarocket(71)ofdeliveringawarheadhundredsofmilesaway.Reachingaheightofover100miles,theV-2rocket(72)thebeginningoftheSpaceAge,andmembersofitsdesignteamwere(73)inboththeSovietandUnitedStatesspaceprogramsafterthewar.TechnologyhadatremendoussociaI(74)intheperiod1900—1945.TheautomobiIeandelectricpower,ontheotherhand,radicallychangedboththescaleandthequaIityof20th-centuryIife,(75)aprocessofrapidurbanizationandavirtualrevolution(76)Iivingthroughmassproductionofhouseholdgoodsand(77).TherapiddeveIopmentoftheairplane,thecinema,(78)radiomadetheworldseemsuddenlysmalIerandmore(79).ThedeveIopmentofmanyproductsofthechemicaIindustryfurthertransformedtheIifeof(80)peopIe.Intheyearsfollowing1945theconstructiveandcreativeopportunitiesofmoderntechnoIogycouldbeexploited,(81)theprocesshasnotbeenwithoutitsproblems.A.SimultaneouslyB.AdvantageouslyC.SpontaneouslyD.ControversiallyIthasbeennecessarytoreferrepeatedlytotheeffectsofthetwoworIdwarsinpromotingalIkindsofinnovation.ItshouIdbe(62)aIsothattechnologicalinnovationshave(63)thecharacterofwaritselfbythe(64)ofnewmechanicalandchemicaldevices.Oneweapondeveloped(65)WorldWar11deservesaspecialmention.The(66)ofrocketpropulsion(推進カ)wasweIIknownearIier,anditspossibiIitiesasa(67)ofachievingspeedssufficienttoescapefromtheEarth'sgravitational(引力的)pulIhadbeen(68)outbytheRussianandtheAmericanscientists.The(69)builtanexperimentalIiquid-fuelledrocketin1926. (70),agroupofGermanandRomanianpioneerswasworkingacrossthesameIinestandinthe1930s,itwasthisteamthatdeveIopedarocket(71)ofdeliveringawarheadhundredsofmilesaway.Reachingaheightofover100miles,theV-2rocket(72)thebeginningoftheSpaceAge,andmembersofitsdesignteamwere(73)inboththeSovietandUnitedStatesspaceprogramsafterthewar.TechnologyhadatremendoussociaI(74)intheperiod1900—1945.TheautomobiIeandelectricpower,ontheotherhand,radicallychangedboththescaleandthequaIityof20th-centuryIife,(75)aprocessofrapidurbanizationandavirtualrevolution(76)Iivingthroughmassproductionofhouseholdgoodsand(77).TherapiddeveIopmentoftheairplane,thecinerna,(78)radiomadetheworldseemsuddenlysmalIerandmore(79).ThedeveIopmentofmanyproductsofthechemicalindustryfurthertransformedtheIifeof(80)people.Intheyearsfollowing1945theconstructiveandcreativeopportunitiesofmoderntechnoIogycouldbeexploited,(81)theprocesshasnotbeenwithoutitsproblems.ablepossibleC.suitableD.capable9.IthasbeennecessarytoreferrepeatedlytotheeffectsofthetwoworIdwarsinpromotingalIkindsofinnovation.Itshouldbe(62)alsothattechnologicalinnovationshave(63)thecharacterofwaritselfbythe(64)ofnewmechanicaIandchemicaldevices.Oneweapondeveloped(65)WorldWarIIdeservesaspecialmention.The(66)ofrocketpropulsion(推進カ)wasweIIknownearIier,anditspossibiIitiesasa(67)ofachievingspeedssufficienttoescapefromtheEarth'sgravitational(引力的)pulIhadbeen(68)outbytheRussianandtheAmericanscientists.The(69)builtanexperimentalIiquid-fuelledrocketin1926. (70),agroupofGermanandRomanianpioneerswasworkingacrossthesameIines,andinthe1930s,itwasthisteamthatdevelopedarocket(71)ofdeliveringawarheadhundredsofmilesaway.Reachingaheightofover100miles,theV-2rocket(72)thebeginningoftheSpaceAge,andmembersofitsdesignteamwere(73)inboththeSovietandUnitedStatesspaceprogramsafterthewar.TechnologyhadatremendoussociaI(74)intheperiod1900—1945.TheautomobiIeandelectricpower,ontheotherhand,radicallychangedboththescaleandthequaIityof20th-centuryIife,(75)aprocessofrapidurbanizationandavirtualrevolution(76)livingthroughmassproductionofhouseholdgoodsand(77).TherapiddeveIopmentoftheairplane,thecinema,(78)radiomadetheworldseemsuddenlysmalIerandmore(79).ThedevelopmentofmanyproductsofthechemicalindustryfurthertransformedtheIifeof(80)peopIe.Intheyearsfollowing1945theconstructiveandcreativeopportunitiesofmoderntechnoIogycouldbeexploited,(81)theprocesshasnotbeenwithoutitsproblems.markedspoiledC.informedD.announcedIthasbeennecessarytoreferrepeatedlytotheeffectsofthetwoworIdwarsinpromotingalIkindsofinnovation.Itshouldbe(62)alsothattechnologicalinnovationshave(63)thecharacterofwaritselfbythe(64)ofnewmechanicalandchemicaldevices.Oneweapondeveloped(65)WorldWar11deservesaspecialmention.The(66)ofrocketpropulsion(推進カ)wasweIIknownearIier,anditspossibiIitiesasa(67)ofachievingspeedssufficienttoescapefromtheEarth'sgravitational(引力的)pulIhadbeen(68)outbytheRussianandtheAmericanscientists.The(69)builtanexperimentalIiquid-fuelledrocketin1926. (70),agroupofGermanandRomanianpioneerswasworkingacrossthesameIines,andinthe1930s,itwasthisteamthatdeveIopedarocket(71)ofdeliveringawarheadhundredsofmilesaway.Reachingaheightofover100milesytheV-2rocket(72)thebeginningoftheSpaceAge,andmembersofitsdesignteamwere(73)inboththeSovietandUnitedStatesspaceprogramsafterthewar.TechnologyhadatremendoussociaI(74)intheperiod1900—1945.TheautomobiIeandelectricpower,ontheotherhand,radicallychangedboththescaleandthequaIityof20th-centuryIife,(75)aprocessofrapidurbanizationandavirtualrevolution(76)Iivingthroughmassproductionofhouseholdgoodsand(77).TherapiddeveIopmentoftheairplane,thecinema,(78)radiomadetheworldseemsuddenlysmalIerandmore(79).ThedevelopmentofmanyproductsofthechemicalindustryfurthertransformedtheIifeof(80)peopIe.Intheyearsfollowing1945theconstructiveandcreativeopportunitiesofmoderntechnoIogycouldbeexploited,(81)theprocesshasnotbeenwithoutitsproblems.A.mechanicalB.structuralC.instrumentalD.integralIthasbeennecessarytoreferrepeatedlytotheeffectsofthetwoworldwarsinpromotingalIkindsofinnovation.Itshouldbe(62)alsothattechnologicalinnovationshave(63)thecharacterofwaritselfbythe(64)ofnewmechanicalandchemicaldevices.OneweapondeveIoped(65)WorldWarIIdeservesaspecialmention.The(66)ofrocketpropulsion(推進カ)wasweIIknownearlier,anditspossibiIitiesasa(67)ofachievingspeedssufficienttoescapefromtheEarth'sgravitational(引力的)pulIhadbeen(68)outbytheRussianandtheAmericanscientists.The(69)builtanexperimentalIiquid-fuelledrocketin1926. (70),agroupofGermanandRomanianpioneerswasworkingacrossthesameIines,andinthe1930s,itwasthisteamthatdeveIopedarocket(71)ofdeliveringawarheadhundredsofmilesaway.Reachingaheightofover100miles,theV-2rocket(72)thebeginningoftheSpaceAge,andmembersofitsdesignteamwere(73)inboththeSovietandUnitedStatesspaceprogramsafterthewar.TechnologyhadatremendoussociaI(74)intheperiod1900—1945.TheautomobiIeandelectricpower,ontheotherhand,radicallychangedboththescaleandthequaIityof20th-centuryIife,(75)aprocessofrapidurbanizationandavirtualrevolution(76)Iivingthroughmassproductionofhouseholdgoodsand(77).Therapid