高一：名詞性從句講義與解析

高一：名詞性從句講義與解析高一：名詞性從句講義與解析高一：名詞性從句講義與解析V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考高一：名詞性從句講義與解析日期：20xx年X月高一:名詞性從句講義與解析一、概述在句子中起名詞作用的從句稱為名詞性從句。名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。二、名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞1、連接代詞：who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever等2、連接副詞：when,where,why,how3、從屬連詞:that,whether,if,asif,because(asif,because只引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句)連接代詞和連接副詞在句中不再是疑問(wèn)詞，因而從句中用陳述語(yǔ)序。三、主語(yǔ)從句1、主語(yǔ)從句用連接代詞、連接副詞和從屬連詞that,whether引導(dǎo)。Thatyoudon’tlikehimhasnothingtodowithme.____________________________________________(約翰是否會(huì)做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn))remainsaquestion.Whowillbesentabroadtofurtherhisstudiesisnotannounced._____________________________(使我大為驚訝的)wasthatsuchalittlegirlcanplaytheviolinsowell._________________________________(她是否會(huì)告訴我真相)isnotknownyet.______________________________________________(她如何設(shè)法在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成這篇作文)isstillamystery.2、當(dāng)主語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)，常常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而把真正的主語(yǔ)從句放在主句后面。常用句型有：It+be+形容詞（true,possible,certain,likely,surprising,strange,important…）+that從句It’scertainthatshewilldowellintheexam.It’slikelythathewilltellmeeverythingaboutthatnight.It’sstrangethatheshouldspeaktohismotherinsuchaway.It+be+名詞詞組（nowonder,anhonor,apity,hightime等）+that從句It’sapitythathecan’tcome.It’shightimethatyouturnedinyourhomework.It+be+過(guò)去分詞（said,reported,expected,supposed等）+that從句It’ssaidthatheisquiteself-confident.It’sreportedthataletterfromtheuniversityhasreachedhim.It+seem/happen/lookasif等+that從句tItseemsthatAliceisnotcoming.IthappenedthatIwasawitnesstotheaccident.It+doesn’tmatter(makenodifference)+wh-Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryouknowmynameornot.Itmakesnodifferencetomewhereweshallhavethemeeting.四、表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句用連接代詞、連接副詞和從屬連詞that,whether,asif,because引導(dǎo)Theimpressionhemakesonmeis________________________(他是個(gè)可靠的人。)Thequestionis______________________(我們是否能信任他)That’s____________________________(正是我們所擔(dān)心的)Thatis____________________(他出生的地方)Thereason____________________(她這么成功)is_____________________（她既聰明又勤奮）Myangerisbecauseheoftentelllies.五、賓語(yǔ)從句1）、賓語(yǔ)從句用連接代詞、連接副詞和從屬連詞that,whether,if引導(dǎo)?？勺黾拔飫?dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可做介詞的賓語(yǔ)或形容詞(happy,sure,afraid)的賓語(yǔ)。Weallknow______________________________________(中國(guó)在08年奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲的金牌最多)Italldependson________________________________________(他們是否會(huì)支持我們)Iwanttoknow___________________________（有多少人參加了這次比賽）Iamafraid_______________________(他們隊(duì)會(huì)贏得這場(chǎng)比賽)2）、在make,find,see,consider等后+it作形式賓語(yǔ)，如：Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.3）、that從句可作except，but，in介詞的賓語(yǔ)Heisagoodstudentexceptthatheisalittlebitcareless.Hediffersfromhisclassmatesinthathedevoteshissparetimetoreading.4）、其他一些詞后常要用it先行一步再接賓語(yǔ)從句：dependonitthat…seetoitthat…appreciateitthat…h(huán)ate/like/dislikeitwhen…Youcandependonitthattheywillsupportyou.Ihateitwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.Pleaseseetoitthatthedoorarelocked.5）、doubt一詞肯定句中用whether/if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中只能用that引導(dǎo)Idoubtwhetherreallyunderstandme.Idon’tdoubtthathewillcomeontime.Doyoudoubtthathewillcomeontime?六、同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句一般跟在某些名詞后面，用以解釋或說(shuō)明前面的名詞的內(nèi)容。這些名詞有：fact,news,message,doubt,possibility,idea,reason,belief,suggestion等。Thereisnodoubt_____________________________(汽車的價(jià)格會(huì)下降)Theproblem_____________________________(我們是否應(yīng)該繼續(xù)這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn))hasbeensolved.Thequestion____________________________(誰(shuí)該獲這個(gè)獎(jiǎng))requiresconsideration.Ihavenoidea________________________________(我應(yīng)該選哪一個(gè))七、注意點(diǎn)同位語(yǔ)從句和定于從句的區(qū)別：①同位語(yǔ)從句是隊(duì)前面的名詞補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明；定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面的名詞進(jìn)行修飾限定作用。②同位語(yǔ)從句中的that只起連接作用，不擔(dān)任句子成分，不可以省略；定語(yǔ)從句中的that除了起引導(dǎo)作用外還在定于從句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，任賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。區(qū)別：Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavysnowiscoming.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.whether和if的區(qū)別在賓語(yǔ)從句中可互換，但當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是否定時(shí)只用ifHeaskedmeifIhadn’tfinishedmyhomework.②在主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中只能用whether③當(dāng)與ornot聯(lián)用時(shí)只能用whether④在動(dòng)詞不定式前面只能用whetherTheyhaven’tdecidedwhethertogo.⑤在介詞后只能用whetherItdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.特殊動(dòng)詞及其名詞用于名詞性從句中時(shí)要虛擬（shoulddo）insist;order,command;suggest,advise,recommend;demand,require,request,ask這些詞及其名詞出現(xiàn)在名詞性從句中時(shí)一定要虛擬。Wesuggestedthatweshouldhaveameeting.Whatheinsistedisthatheshouldgowithus.Thedoctor’sorderisthatsheshouldstayinbedforafewdays.that不能省的情況that引導(dǎo)