(完整版)2019-2020學(xué)年黃浦區(qū)高考英語一模

/12Amazingscanning,nowonyoursmart-phone.Scanandsharetoemailorthecloud-fromvirtuallyanywhere.Orderinginkhasneverbeeneasier-directlythroughtheapp.Easilyprintphotosandeverydaydocumentsdirectlyfromyoursmart-phoneortablet.AnewlevelofwirelessconnectivityyoucancountonGetsimpleWi-Fisetupinminutes,andstartprintingfast.Return&exchangeinformationHP.comwillacceptreturnsorexchangesforthisproductupto30daysafterdelivery.Arestockingfeemayapply.Whichstatementistrueofthistypeofprinter?Itisaportableprinterdesignedforhomeandofficeuse.Itisamulti-functionprinterproducinghigh-qualityphotos.Itisaneasy-operationprinterwithatwo-yearfreecarepack.Itisawireless-connectedprinterprotectedbymodifiedcontainers.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeits“inkcontainer”?A.AdaptableB.Automatic.C.Cost-effective.D.Eco-friendly.Ifyouorderthistypeofprinteronlinetoday.A.youwillreceiveittomorrowB.youcanreturnitwithoutbeingchargedC.youcangetacarepackondiscountD.youcansave$80.(C)Riskissomethingwefacedaily.However,somepeopleareobviouslymorewillingtotakerisksthanothers.Biologistsappeartohavediscoveredaphysicalreasonthatexplainswhysomepeoplearerisk-takers.Dopamineisaneurotransmitter,achemicalthatspreadssignalsbetweennervecells.Itislinkedtothebrainsrewardsystemandisthechemicalthatmakesusfeelgood,andscientistsbelieveittobeinkedtorisk-taking.Ournervecellshavedopaminerecepto(rs接收器)whichcontroltheamountofdopaminethateachcellreceives.Butnotallreceptorsmaybeactive.Whenapersonhadfewactivereceptorstocontroltheamountofdopaminethatisreceived,acellcanbecomefloodedresultinginanextremefeelingofhappiness.researchersatVanderbiltUniversityandAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicineasked34menandwomentocompleteaquestionnaireabouttheirrisktakingtoassesswhethertheyseeknewopportunitiesorarecautiousinlife.Theresultsoftheresearchwereconsistentwithsimilarstudiescarriedoutwithrats,andhadthesameoutcome.Itconcludedthatpeoplewhoarerisk-takershavefewerdopaminereceptorsthanpeoplewhoarenot.Thissuggeststhattherushofpleasurearisktakerreceiveswhenacellbecomesfloodedwithdopaminecanbecomeaddictiveforsomepeople.Theythereforepursuenewandexcitingactivitiesinordertotrytorepeatthisfeeling,andasaresulttheirconcernforriskbecomesconsiderablereduced.Dopaminegivesusabiologicalreasonforrisk-taking,butscientistsbelievetheremaybepsychologicalreasonstoo.Sensation-seekingisapersonalitycharacteristicthatdescribesthedesiretofindactivitiesthatbringuspleasure.In1964,psychologistMarvinZuckermancreatedthesensation-seekingscale.His40-itemquestionnaire,stillusedtoday,wasgiventopeoplewhowereactiveinseekingnewactivities,andtopeoplewhoweremoresatisfiedwithaquietlife.Whilerisk-takingisnotacharacteristicinitself,itisverymuchassociatedwithsensation-seeking,asahighsensation-seekerdoesnotevaluateriskinthesamewaythatalowsensation-seekerdoes.adesiretoachievepleasuremeansthatthereisagreaterwillingnesstotakemorerisks.Therearebothbiologicalandpsychologicalexplanationsastowhysomepeoplemaychoosetotakemorerisksthanothers.However,noneoftheseexplanationsaredefinitive.Ifapersonhasfeweractivedopaminereceptors..heislesslikelytofeelhappyheismorewillingtotakeriskshewilleventuallybecomedopamine-addictiveheispooreratcontrollingtheamountofdopamineTheunderlinedphrase“consistentwith"isclosestto“"inmeaning.A.contrarytoB.inagreementwithC.atthecostofD.persistentinWhatcanbeconcludedfromparagraph4?Thelongingforpleasuremayleadtorisktaking.Awillingnesstotakemoreriskscanbecultivated.Thesensation-seekingscalecanhelptoevaluaterisk.Highsensation-seekersaremorecommonthanlowones.Thispassagemainlytalksabout.A.whenwelearntotakerisksA.whenwelearntotakerisksB.howrisk-takingbenefitsusC.whatmakesrisk-C.whatmakesrisk-takerswhyweshouldtakerisksSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Manyoptionsrequirecity-levelinvestmentinnewfacilities.However,itisnotyetclearwhichtechnologiesandfuelscitieswillback.Throughtheiractions,citygovernmentstodayarehelpingtoshapethecitiesofthefuture.Forexample,Londonisrequiringallnewlylicensedtaxistobezero-emissioncapablefrom2018.Cityplannersareusingtransport-orienteddevelopmenttoincreasedensitywhilemaintainingqualityoflifeandpropertyvalue.Somecities,suchasDelhi,areinvestingheavilyincreatingthemasstransportsystemsneededtochangehowcitizenstravel.SustainableTransportinCitiesTransporthasalwaysshapedcities.InMedievaltimescrossroadsgavebirthtobloomingmarkettowns.ManyNorthAmericancitieswerecreatedforthecar.Buthowarethecitiesoftodaybeingshapedbyaneedformoresustainabletransport?Manylocalgovernmentsarespeedingupchangethroughpolicyinitiativessuchasjoinedtransport,congestionchargesandlowemissionzones,sustainablegainingandlife-cyclecosting,andopeningdatauptocompaniesandacademics.Andthesecitylevelpoliciescanmovemarketsinmoresustainabledirections._7_hisharesultedinfivevehiclemanufacturerscommittingtomeetingthatdeadline,whichisbothintheirowncommercialinterestsandgoodfortheenvironment.Theleastdensecities,forexample,Houston,havepercapita（人均價）carbonemissionsnearlytentimeshigherthanthedensest,suchasSingapore.68Thisinvolvesgatheringmixedusedevelopmentsaroundakeytransportcenter,aswiththeKLCentralareainKualaLumpur,builtaroundthelargestrailwaystationinSoutheastAsia.69Othersareusingmotivationsandbehaviouralchangetoencouragepeopleto/12choosemoreefficient--andoftenhealthier--formsoftransport.CopenhagenhasanumberofprogressivecyclingpoliciesincludingtheGreenWave,whichallowspeoplecyclingat20km/htohitallgreenlightsduringrushhour.Lightweighingandnewengineandfueltechnologiesarehelpingtomakeexistingroadandrailvehiclesmoreefficient.—70_Themainoptionsarehydrogenfuelcells,fossilfuelhybrids,andelectricvehicles,andthebestsolutionmaywellvaryfromcitytocity.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Online“friend-s-”athreattodevelopmentTheimpactoftechnologyonthenatureofourfriendshipshasbeenamuch-debatedtopicsincethedramaticriseofsocialnetworks.Advancesinmobiletechnologyandsocialnetworkingwebsitesmeanwespendmoretimeonlinethaneverbefore.Itisthereforenotsurprisingthatsomanypsychologists,sociologists,andothersareeagertogivetheirthoughtsonhowthisisimpactingnegativelyonoursociety.Thereisoneelementofsocialnetworkingthatisdeeplyworrying.Wefindourselvesinahyper-connectedworldwherepeopleaccesssocialmediadayandnight,excitedtomakeannouncementsaboutthetiniestdetailsoftheirlives.Researchisstartingtoshowthatthiscultureisnegativelyaffectingnotourfriendshipsbutourcharacter.ProfessorLarryD.Rosensaysthatyoungpeoplewhooverusesocialnetworkingsitescanbecomeineffective,anddisplayanti-socialbehaviorintheirofflinelives.Butperhapsanevenmoredisturbingeffectisthatoneofourmostbasicemotionsseemstobedisappearing--empathy.Thisistheemotionthatallowsustoseetheworldfromourfriends'pointsofview.Withoutit,wearefarlessabletoconnectandformmeaningfuladultrelationships.ProfessorSherryTurklesuggeststhatpeoplearenolongercomfortablebeingalone.Thisissomethingconfirmedbyastudywhere200universitystudentswereaskedtogowithoutsocialmediafor24hours.Manyadmittedanaddictiontotheironlinesocialnetwork;mostcomplainedthattheyfeltcutofffromfamilyandfriends.Andyetbeingaloneisatimewhenweself-reflectandgetintouchwithwhowereallyare.Itisonlywhenwedothisthatwecanmakemeaningful/12friendshipswithothers.Thesepotentialchangesinourcharactersareratheralarming,soitisclearthatwecan'tneglectthosenegativeimp