(新高考)高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義第1部分 教材知識(shí)解讀 選擇性必修第二冊(cè) Unit 3 Food and Culture (含答案)

Ⅰ.認(rèn)閱讀單詞1．cuisinen．菜肴；風(fēng)味；烹飪2．peppern．甜椒；燈籠椒；胡椒粉3．recipen．烹飪法；食譜4．chefn．廚師；主廚5．peppercornn．胡椒粒6．vinegarn．醋7．slicen．(切下的食物)薄片vt.把……切成薄片8．onionn．洋蔥；蔥頭9．lambn．羊羔肉；羔羊10．lambkebab烤羊肉串11．dimsumn．點(diǎn)心(中國(guó)食品)12．vegetariann．素食者13．junkn．無(wú)用的東西14．junkfood(＝j(luò)unk)垃圾食品15．garlicn．蒜16．baconn．熏豬肉；咸肉17．hamn．火腿18．sausagen．香腸；臘腸19．beancurdn．(＝tofu)豆腐20．brandn．品牌21．oliven．油橄欖；橄欖樹(shù)22．fign．無(wú)花果23．ingredientn．(尤指烹飪)材料；成分24．doughn．生面團(tuán)25．haggisn．(蘇格蘭)羊雜碎肚26．cafeterian．自助餐廳；自助食堂27．bunn．圓面包；小圓甜餅28．chillin．(NAmE＝chili)(pl.-es)辣椒29．redbraisedpork紅燒肉30．pearln．珍珠31．vitaminn．維生素32．dairyadj.奶制的；乳品(業(yè))的n．乳制品；乳品店；牛奶廠(chǎng)33．moderationn．適度；合理34．chewvi.&vt.咀嚼；嚼碎n．咀嚼Ⅱ.記重點(diǎn)單詞1．boldadj.大膽自信的；敢于冒險(xiǎn)的2．stuffvt.填滿(mǎn)；把……塞進(jìn)n．東西；物品3．elegantadj.精美的；講究的；文雅的4．minimumadj.最低(限度)的；最小的n．最小值；最少量5．tempern．脾氣；火氣6．cabbagen．甘藍(lán)；卷心菜；洋白菜7．dessertn．(飯后)甜點(diǎn)8．canteenn．食堂；餐廳9．porkn．豬肉10．somewhatadv.有點(diǎn)；稍微11．madamn．夫人；女士12．calorien．卡路里(熱量單位)13．regardlessadv.不顧；不加理會(huì)14．categoryn．類(lèi)別；種類(lèi)；范疇15．fibre(especiallyUSfiber)n.纖維；纖維制品16．quantityn．?dāng)?shù)量；數(shù)額17．idealadj.完美的；理想的；想象的n．理想；完美的人(或事物)18．fundamentaladj.根本的；基礎(chǔ)的；基本的n．基本規(guī)律；根本法則19．modestadj.些許的；謙虛的；樸素的20．overalladv.總體上；大致上adj.全面的；綜合的Ⅲ.知拓展單詞1．prioradj.先前的；優(yōu)先的→priorityn．優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)；優(yōu)先權(quán)2．consistvi.由……組成(或構(gòu)成)；在于→consistentadj.一致的；連續(xù)的3．exceptionaladj.特別的；罕見(jiàn)的；杰出的→exceptprep.除……外→exceptionn．例外4．consumevt.吃；喝；飲；消耗→consumern．消費(fèi)者；用戶(hù)；客戶(hù)→consumptionn．消費(fèi)；消耗5．stableadj.穩(wěn)定的；穩(wěn)重的→stabilityn．穩(wěn)定(性)；固定(性)6．a(chǎn)ssociationn．協(xié)會(huì)；關(guān)聯(lián)→associatevt.把……聯(lián)系起來(lái)；交往adj.副的7．trickn．訣竅；計(jì)謀；把戲vt.欺騙→trickyadj.棘手的；難對(duì)付的Ⅳ.背核心短語(yǔ)1．priorto在……之前的2．consistof由……組成(或構(gòu)成)3．slice...off切下4．regardlessof不管；不顧5．relate...to...把……與……聯(lián)系起來(lái)6．inmanyways在許多方面7．ontheotherhand另一方面8．makeup組成；構(gòu)成9．inotherwords換言之10．beuptosb.由某人決定1．inspirevt.激發(fā)；鼓舞2．instantn．瞬間；剎那3．instructvt.通知；指示4．instructionn．說(shuō)明；須知；教導(dǎo)5．instrumentn．樂(lè)器；工具；器械6．insurancen．保險(xiǎn)7．intelligencen．智力；智慧8．intelligentadj.有智力的；聰明的9．interruptvt.&vi.打擾，打斷10．intervaln．間歇；間隔1．PriortocomingtoChina，myonlyexperiencewithChinesecookingwasinAmerica，withChinesefoodthathadbeenchangedtosuitAmericantastes.(hadbeendone)來(lái)中國(guó)之前，我只在美國(guó)接觸過(guò)中式烹飪，那里的中國(guó)食物已被改變，以適應(yīng)美國(guó)人的口味。2．Ontheotherhand，itdoestellusalotaboutAmericans.(強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)另一方面，它確實(shí)讓我們對(duì)美國(guó)人有了很多的了解。3．Tired，hungry，andnotknowingawordofChinese，wehadnoideahowtoorder，sothechefjustbeganfillingourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.(形容詞作狀語(yǔ))又累又餓，一個(gè)漢字也不認(rèn)識(shí)，我們壓根兒不知道如何點(diǎn)餐，于是廚師在我們桌上擺滿(mǎn)了食物，那是我們吃過(guò)的最可口的佳肴。4．Everywhere，thefoodwasasvariedasthepeople.(as...as平級(jí)比較)所到之處的美食與當(dāng)?shù)厝艘粯泳始姵省?．AndinAmerica，peoplewhoreceive25%oftheirdailycaloriesormorethroughsugararetwiceaslikelytodiefromheartdiseasethanpeoplewhoreceivelessthan10%aday.(倍數(shù)表達(dá)法)在美國(guó)，每天從糖分中攝取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心臟病的可能性是日攝取量少于10%的人的兩倍。請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。eq\x(consume，chew，vitamin，elegant，consist，bold)Foodsarefundamentaltoourlife.Amongvariousrecipes，Chineseexceptionalcuisine1.consistingofquantitiesofcategoriesispopularallovertheworld.Regardlessofwhatyoulike，youcanalwayshavesomethingdeliciousto2.consume.Ifyouareavegetarian，youcanchooseingredientssuchasoliveandgarlic.Youcanalsoeatrice，beancurd，rawvegetablesservedinvinegarandpancakerollsstuffedwithslicedgreenonions，whichcontainabundant3.vitaminsandfibre.Ifnot，youcanselectdairy，lambkebab，ham，sausage，redbraisedpork，andbacon，throughwhichyoucanreceivemorecalories.Priortohavingthenextmeal，youcanalsoenjoy4.elegantdessertslikeabun.Ifyouoftenincludepepper，peppercornorchiliinyourdailydiets，youarelikelytobe5.boldorloseyourtempereasily.Overall，tokeepfit，weshouldhaveaconsistenteatinghabit，eatamodestamountoffoodand6.chewslowlyeachtime.Althoughthereisnotricktoidealhealthyeating，moderationisthekey.Soifyoualwaysenjoyjunkfood，perhapsyourhealthwillbreakdown.Let’stakeactiontoliveahealthylife.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯associationn．協(xié)會(huì)；社團(tuán)；關(guān)聯(lián)；聯(lián)想；交往(associatevt.聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系；交往adj.副的associatedadj.聯(lián)合的；有關(guān)聯(lián)的)?inassociationwith...與……合作；與……有關(guān)聯(lián)?associate...with...把……和……聯(lián)系在一起associatewith與……交往?beassociatedwith...與……有關(guān)(1)Priortoparticipatingintheactivity，Iusedtothinkthathappinesswasassociatedwithmoney.(2)這次展覽是由當(dāng)?shù)卣?lián)合一些剪紙藝術(shù)家共同組織的。Thisexhibitionwasorganizedbythelocalgovernmentinassociationwithseveralpaper-cuttingartists.(3)只要你和思想積極的人交往，你一定會(huì)獲得成功。Aslongasyouassociatewithpeoplewhothinkpositively，itiscertainthatyouaregoingtoachievesuccess.quantityn．?dāng)?shù)量；數(shù)額?alarge/smallquantityof；large/smallquantitiesof“大量的/少量的”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞?！癮quantityof＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)與其后所接名詞的數(shù)保持一致；而“quantitiesof＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。?inquantity/inlargequantities大量地(1)Alargequantityofingredientsare(be)usedbythechefworkingintheschoolcanteeneveryday.(2)Largequantitiesofdessertsare(be)consumedbythemadam，whoreceivesmorecaloriesthannecessary.(3)我想推薦成都作為你的旅游目的地，因?yàn)槌啥加性S多景點(diǎn)，例如都江堰。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之推薦信)I’dliketorecommendChengduasyourtraveldestination，becauseChengduhasalargequantityof/largequantitiesoftouristattractions，suchasDujiangyan.trickn．訣竅；計(jì)謀；詭計(jì)；把戲vt.欺騙；欺詐(trickyadj.棘手的；難對(duì)付的)?playatrick/tricksonsb.捉弄某人?tricksb.outofsth.騙取某人某物odoingsth.欺騙某人做某事(1)Thesenaughtyboysplayedtricksontheshygirl，whoatlastlosthertemper.(2)Hewastrickedintogiving(give)upalargequantityofmoneybelongingtohim.(3)作為一名來(lái)自美國(guó)的交換生，我喜歡吃水餃。你可以告訴我包水餃的訣竅嗎？(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之求助信)AsanexchangestudentfromAmerica，Ilikeeatingdumplings.Wouldyoupleasetellmethetrickofmakingdumplings？consistof由……組成(或構(gòu)成)(consistentadj.一致的；連續(xù)的)?consistin在于；存在于consistof＝bemadeupof＝becomprisedof＝becomposedof由……組成?beconsistentwith...與……一致(1)Keepinmindthatourideallifeisnotalwaysconsistentwiththereality.(2)大家都知道，生活中不僅有陽(yáng)光，還有風(fēng)雨。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之升華句)①I(mǎi)tisuniversallyacknowledgedthatlifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.(consistof)②Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatlifeismadeupofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.(bemadeupof)③Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatnotonlysunshinebutalsostormsmakeuplife.(makeup)用法點(diǎn)撥consistof沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；makeup意為“組成，構(gòu)成”。regardlessof不顧；不管?regardlessofthefactthat...不顧……的事實(shí)?inspiteof＝despite盡管(后常接名詞，不接從句)?withregardto關(guān)于；至于不管有多大的挑戰(zhàn)，為了給妹妹贏(yíng)一雙新鞋，阿里決定參加跑步比賽。盡管在比賽中意外摔倒，阿里還是跳了起來(lái)，沖向終點(diǎn)線(xiàn)。至于結(jié)果，阿里贏(yíng)得了三等獎(jiǎng)，獲得了新鞋，像鳥(niǎo)兒一樣飛奔回家。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)片段)Regardlessofgreatchallenges，Aliwasdeterminedtotakepartintherunningracetowinanewpairofshoesforhisyoungersister.Inspiteof/Despiteanunexpectedfallduringtherace，Alijumpedtohisfeetanddashedtowardsthefinishline.Withregardtotheresult，Aliwonthethirdprize，gotthenewshoes，andflewtohishomelikeabird.Tired，hungry，andnotknowingawordofChinese，wehadnoideahowtoorder，sothechefjustbeganfillingourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.又累又餓，一個(gè)漢字也不認(rèn)識(shí)，我們壓根兒不知道如何點(diǎn)餐，于是廚師在我們桌上擺滿(mǎn)了食物，那是我們吃過(guò)的最可口的佳肴。形容詞tired，hungry和現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)notknowingawordofChinese在本句中作狀語(yǔ)。形容詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)：?說(shuō)明謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。?表示行為方式、伴隨狀況、原因、時(shí)間或條件等。(1)使我們欣慰的是，丟失的孩子10天后返回了家，雖筋疲力盡但很健康。Toourrelief，themissingchildreturnedhometendayslater，exhaustedbuthealthy.(2)既興奮又感動(dòng)，他們淚流滿(mǎn)面。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之興奮心理描寫(xiě))Excitedandmoved，theywereintears.(3)害怕找不到我們回農(nóng)場(chǎng)的路，我坐在樹(shù)旁，胳膊緊緊地抱著肩膀。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之恐懼心理描寫(xiě))Afraidofnotfindingourwaytothefarm，Isatbesideatreeandheldmyshouldersinmyarmstightly.AndinAmerica，peoplewhoreceive25%oftheirdailycaloriesormorethroughsugararetwiceaslikelytodiefromheartdiseasethanpeoplewhoreceivelessthan10%aday.在美國(guó)，每天從糖分中攝取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心臟病的可能性是日攝取量少于10%的人的兩倍。倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式：?A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.原級(jí)＋asB?A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.比較級(jí)＋thanB?A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size/weight/length/...)＋ofB這部短片講述了我們學(xué)校的發(fā)展?，F(xiàn)在，我們新學(xué)校的面積是10年前的三倍大。(1)Theshortfilmtellsaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Nowournewschoolisthreetimesaslargeaswhatitwastenyearsago.(倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.原級(jí))(2)Theshortfilmtellsaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Nowournewschoolisthreetimeslargerthanwhatitwastenyearsago.(倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.比較級(jí))(3)Theshortfilmtellsaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Nowournewschoolisthreetimesthesizeofwhatitwastenyearsago.(倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞＋of)提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．trickeq\x(A.n.詭計(jì)B.n.戲法；把戲C.n.訣竅D.vt.欺騙)(1)Patienceisthetrickofdoingthisjobwell.C(2)Unexpectedly，ourmonitorcanperformmagictricks.B(3)Anadvertisermightbetryingtotrickcustomersintobuyingaproductoraservice.D(4)Iftheneighborsdonotgiveanysweets，thechildrenmightplayatrickonthem.A2．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的漢語(yǔ)意思(1)Hehadsavedamodestamountofmoney，whichmadehimveryhappy.不太多的；些許的(2)Whatmadeusshockedwasthatheconsumedallthecookies.吃Ⅱ.核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)1．Priortoleaving(leave)forFrance，hehasbeenexposedtovariousFrenchtraditionalculture.2.AsfarasIknow，happinessconsistsinsatisfactionratherthantoomuchmoney.3．Infact，shouldn’titbeuptoustodefinewhatrolesaresuitabletous?4．Regardlessoftheoutcome，Iwillbeoptimisticratherthandepressed.5．Alargequantityofambitiousstudentshave(have)participatedinextracurricularactivitiessincelastsemester.6．Noonecandenythefactthatfreshairisfundamentaltogoodhealth，sowemustregularlygooutdoors.7．Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsinassociation(associate)withsmoking.8．Hetrickedmeintobuyingthisseeminglyexcellentcellphone，whichcostmeanarmandaleg.9．Paperproducedeveryyearisthreetimestheweightoftheworld’sproductionofvehicles.10.Generallyspeaking，wewillassociateaperson’scharacterwithhisgrowingsurroundings.Ⅰ.單句寫(xiě)作——應(yīng)用文增分練感謝信——學(xué)英語(yǔ)1．您幫助我之前我英語(yǔ)學(xué)得不好。(haddon