(新高考)高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)必修第一冊 Unit 4　高考題型組合練 (含詳解)

高考題型組合練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2022·廣東汕頭金山中學(xué)期中)ThepersonwhosetthecourseofmylifewasaschoolteachernamedMarjorieHurd.WhenIsteppedoffashipinNewYorkHarborin1949，Iwasanine-year-oldwarrefugee，whohadlosthismotherandwascomingtolivewiththefatherhedidnotknow.Mymother，EleniGatzoyiannis，hadbeenimprisonedandshotforsendingmysistersandmetofreedom.IwasthirteenyearsoldwhenIenteredChandlerJuniorHigh.ShortlyafterIarrived，Iwastoldtoselectahobbytopursueduring“clubhours”．Theideaofhobbiesandclubsmadenosensetomyimmigrantears，butIdecidedtofollowtheprettiestgirlinmyclass.SheledmeintothepresenceofMsHurd，theschoolnewspaperadviserandEnglishteacher.Atoughwomanwithsalt-and-pepperhairanddeterminedeyes，MsHurdhadnopatiencewithlazybones.Shedrilledusingrammar，assignedstoriesforustoreadanddiscuss，andeventuallytaughtushowtoputoutanewspaper.HerintroductiontotheliterarywealthofGreecegavemeanewperspectiveonmywar-tornhomeland，makingmeproudofmyorigins.HereffortsinspiredmetounderstandthelogicandstructureoftheEnglishlanguage.Owingtoherinspiration，duringmynexttwenty-fiveyears，Ibecameajournalistbyprofession.MsHurdretiredattheageof62.Bythen，shehadtaughtforatotalof41years.Evenafterherretirement，shecontinuallymadeaprojectofunwillingstudentsinwhomshespiedasparkofpotential.Thestudentsweremainlyfromthemosttroubledhomes，yetshealternatelybulliedandcharmedthemwithherownspecialbrandoftoughlove，untilthesparkcaughtfire.MsHurdwastheonewhodirectedmygriefandpainintowriting.ButforMsHurd，Iwouldn’thavebecomeareporter.Shewastheonewhosentmeintojournalismandindirectlycausedallthegoodthingsthatcameafter.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。作者主要介紹了自己的老師MarjorieHurd，并重點(diǎn)講述了Hurd老師對自己的人生道路產(chǎn)生的重要影響。1．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mostprobablymean?A．Hobbiesandclubsdidnotinteresttheauthor.B．Theauthorturnedadeafeartojoiningclubs.C．Hobbiesandclubswereinaccessibletoimmigrantsliketheauthor.D．Theauthorhadnoideawhathobbiesandclubswereallabout.答案D解析句意理解題。根據(jù)上文的介紹“ShortlyafterIarrived，Iwastoldtoselectahobbytopursueduring‘clubhours’．”，再結(jié)合后文“butIdecidedtofollowtheprettiestgirlinmyclass”中的but，可以推測出畫線句子表示的意思應(yīng)與之相反，所以D項(xiàng)“作者根本不知道業(yè)余愛好和俱樂部是什么”符合語境。故選D。2．Whichofthefollowingcausedtheauthortothinkofhishomelanddifferently?A．SteppingontheAmericansoilforthefirsttime.B．BeingexposedtoGreekliteraryworks.C．Hermother’smiserabledeath.D．Followingtheprettiestgirlinhisclass.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“HerintroductiontotheliterarywealthofGreecegavemeanewperspectiveonmywar-tornhomeland，makingmeproudofmyorigins.”可知，Hurd老師讓作者了解了希臘文學(xué)這一寶貴財(cái)富，使得他對飽受戰(zhàn)爭蹂躪的祖國有了新的不同的認(rèn)識(shí)，并為之感到自豪。故選B。3．ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph4that.A．MsHurdemployedauniquewaytohandletheunwillingstudentsB．MsHurd’scontributionwasrecognizedacrossthenationC．studentsfromtroubledhomespreferredMsHurd’steachingstyleD．thestudentsMsHurdtaughtwereallfinallyfired答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句可知，在Hurd老師退休之后，她繼續(xù)用她獨(dú)特、嚴(yán)厲的愛幫助不愿意學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生發(fā)揮他們的潛質(zhì)。故選A。4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Howtheauthorbecameajournalist.B．Theimportanceofinspirationinone’slife.C．Theteacherwhoshapedtheauthor’slife.D．Factorscontributingtoasuccessfulcareer.答案C解析主旨大意題。通讀全文特別是文章第一句可知，本文主要講述了作者的老師MarjorieHurd對作者的人生道路產(chǎn)生的重要影響。C項(xiàng)中的“shapedtheauthor’slife”與“setthecourseofmylife”意思相近。故選C。BLasVegascityinNevadaisbuiltinadesert.Thecitymaybeknowntotheoutsideworldforitspartying.Butofficialshavefoundthatthereare21squarekilometersofuselessgrass.Thegrassisneverlainon，playedonorevensteppedon.Thegrassisonlytheretolooknice.Now，thecityisaskingtheNevadaStateLegislaturetobanuselessgrass.ItistryingtobecomethefirstplaceinAmericatobanthatkindofgrassoftenseenbetweenstreets，inhousingdevelopmentsandinofficeparks.Itisestimatedthatuselessgrassmakesup40%ofallthegrassinLasVegasanditneedsalotofwatertosurvive.Grassneedsfourtimesmorewaterthandryclimateplantslikecactus.Bytearingoutthegrass，thecitycouldreduceyearlywaterusageby15%.In2003，theSouthernNevadaWaterAuthoritybanneddevelopersfromplantinggrassinfrontofnewhomes.Italsoofferedhomeowners$30foreachsquaremeterofgrasstheytoreout.Butfewerpeoplearenowusingtheprogram.WaterusagehasincreasedinsouthernNevadaby9%since2019.Andlastyear，LasVegaswentarecord240dayswithoutmajorrainfall.TheColoradoRiverprovidesmuchofNevada’sdrinkingwater.Therivercouldlosemorewaterasclimatechangeaffectsit.Waterofficialsinotherdrycitiessaywaterusageneedstobereduced.ButtheyfearthereactiontoreformsliketheonesinLasVegasiftheircommunitiesdonotacceptthem.CynthiaCampbellisthewaterresourcesadviserforthecityofPhoenixinArizona.“Theremightcomeapointwhencityrestrictionsgettoosevereforsomeresidents.They’llsaythatisthepointofnoreturnforthem，”Campbellsaid.“Forsomepeople，it’sapool.Forsomepeople，it’sgrass.”語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文，拉斯維加斯是建立在沙漠的城市，水非常珍貴。然而城市的草消耗了大量的水。為節(jié)約用水，該市要求立法機(jī)構(gòu)通過一項(xiàng)法律，除掉沒有用途的草。5．WhydoesLasVegascitytrytobanuselessgrass?A．Toprotectthelocalpeople.B．Tobeautifythecity.C．Toreducewaterusage.D．Toreducewaste.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，拉斯維加斯市試圖通過立法清理掉沒有用途的草，主要是為了節(jié)約用水。故選C。6．WhatprogramwascarriedoutinLasVegasin2003?A．Allowingplantinggrassbeforenewhouses.B．Encouragingtheresidentstotearoutgrass.C．Praisingthosewhosignedontheprogram.D．Awardingthosewhoreducedwaterusage.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句可知，2003年在拉斯維加斯實(shí)施了鼓勵(lì)居民把草拔掉的項(xiàng)目。故選B。7．WhatisimpliedinCampbell’swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Manyresidentswon’tfollowtheban.B．Reactiontothereformwillvarypersonally.C．Othermeasuresshouldbetakentoprotectwater.D．Waterofficialsshouldtakemanyfactorsintoaccount.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Forsomepeople，it’sapool.Forsomepeople，it’sgrass.”可知，Campbell所說的話暗示了對改革的反應(yīng)因人而異。故選B。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．LasVegasPlanstoBanUselessGrassB．AMethodIsAdoptedtoSaveLasVegasC．ChoicesbetweenBeautyandPracticeD．GrassIsImportantbutUselessinLasVegas答案A解析標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講的是拉斯維加斯市準(zhǔn)備通過一項(xiàng)法律，除掉城市里沒有用途的草，其目的是節(jié)約用水。由此可知，A項(xiàng)最適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選A。CCouldlookingthroughtreesbetheviewtoagreenerfuture?Treesreplacingtheclearglassinyourwindowsisnotaworkofsciencefiction.It’shappeningnow.ForestProductsLaboratoryresearcherJunyongZhutogetherwithcolleaguesfromtheUniversityofMarylandandUniversityofColoradohasdevelopedatransparentwoodmaterialthatmaybethewindowoftomorrow.Researchersfoundthattransparentwoodhasthepotentialtooutperformglasscurrentlyusedinconstructioninnearlyeveryway.Whileglassisthemostcommonmaterialusedinwindowconstruction，itcomeswithquiteafewbadconsequences.Heateasilytransfersthroughglassandamountstohigherenergybillswhenitescapesduringcoldweatherandpoursinwhenit’swarm.Glassproductionusedforconstructionalsocomeswithaheavycarbonfootprint.Manufacturingemissionsaloneareapproximately25,000metrictonsperyear，withoutconsideringtheheavyfootprintoftransportingtheglass.Theinnovationwasdevelopedusingwoodfromthebalsatree，whichisnativetoSouthandCentralAmerica.Theteamtreatedbalsawoodtoanoxidizingbath，wherethewoodiskeptinableachsolutionatroomtemperaturetoremovethelight-absorbingsubstancefromthestructure.Thewoodwasthenpenetrated(注入)withasyntheticpolymercalledpolyvinylalcohol(PVA)，creatingaproductthatisvirtuallytransparent.Sothetransparentwoodwascreated，whichisfarmoredurableandlighterthanglass.Switchingtotransparentwoodcouldprovetobecost-efficientaswell.Itisapproximatelyfivetimesmorethermallyefficientthanglass，cuttingenergycosts.Itismadefromasustainable，renewableresourcewithlowcarbonemissions.Withallofthesepotentialbenefitsforconsumers，manufacturingandtheenvironment，thecasefortransparentwoodcouldn’tbeclearer.語篇解讀本文是說明文，研究發(fā)明了一種新型材料——透明的木材，它比玻璃更耐用，也更輕。9．Whatisthemainproblemwithglassusedinwindowconstruction?A．Itisinefficientinlettingheatout.B．Itdoesnotreflectlightandheat.C．Itcausesahighecologicalcost.D．Itisinconvenienttotransport.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，玻璃窗戶會(huì)產(chǎn)生更高的能源賬單，有嚴(yán)重的碳足跡，說明玻璃窗戶的主要問題是不利于環(huán)境，需付出更大的生態(tài)代價(jià)。故選C項(xiàng)。10．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“ableachsolution”inParagraph4referto?A．Aliquidtomakeobjectswhite.B．Aprocesstosolveproblems.C．Acontainertostoreliquids.D．Awaytomakecolorsfade.答案A解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Theteamtreatedbalsawoodtoanoxidizingbath，wherethewoodiskeptinableachsolutionatroomtemperaturetoremovethelight-absorbingsubstancefromthestructure.”可知，研究小組將巴爾沙木材置于ableachsolution中可知，solution“溶液”，且能去除結(jié)構(gòu)中的吸光物質(zhì)。結(jié)合常識(shí)，白色不吸光，所以巴爾沙木材會(huì)變白，可得出ableachsolution是一種能讓物體變白的液體。故選A項(xiàng)。11．WhatdoesParagraph4focuson?A．Howtomakethingstransparent.B．Howtoproducethenewmaterial.C．Thebenefitsofthewoodmaterial.D．Thegreatimportanceofinnovation.答案B解析段落大意題。第四段最后一句“Sothetransparentwoodwascreated，whichisfarmoredurableandlighterthanglass.”是對這一段內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，所以可知本段講述的是如何生產(chǎn)出這種新型材料。故選B項(xiàng)。12．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstransparentwood?A．Skeptical. B．Ambiguous.C．Conservative. D．Appreciative.答案D解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為透明木材對消費(fèi)者、制造業(yè)和環(huán)境有潛在好處，說明作者對透明木材持欣賞的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.七選五KeystoaGoodFamilyLifeInpostersandads，weoftenseepicturesofhappyfamilies，butfamilylifeisnotallsmilesandlaughter.Allfamiliesaredifferentandhaveproblems，butyoucanmakeyourfamilylifebetterwithhardworkanddetermination.1Spendtimetogetherasafamily.Somepeoplearetoobusyforfamilytime.Youhavetosetasidetimetoplanandspendspecialtimestogether.2Maketheconversationaroundthetablepleasantandcaring；maybeaskeachpersonhowtheirdaywasorwhatishappeningintheirschoolorworklife.Doinghouseholdchorestogetheralsohelps.3Allowmembersofyourfamilytoexpresstheirownfeelingsandideas.Maintaineyecontactanddon’tinterruptwhensomeoneistalking.Listencarefullytowhattheyaresaying，beforeyoujudgeordisagree.Hearingsomeoneelse，andbeingheardbythatperson，isthefoundationofagoodrelationship.4Trynottobeangryatsomeone’sopinions.Evenifyouthinkthattheyarewrong，listenwithanopenmindtoshowthatyoucare—andrememberthatnooneisperfect.Meeteachother’sneeds.Givetimetoeachandeveryoneofyourfamilymembers.Knowwhatisgoingonintheirlivesandwhattheyneedhelpwith.5Iftheyneedhelpwithsomething，setasidetimetodoso.Tobeawareofyourfamilymembers’emotionalandphysicalneeds，youneedtocommunicate.A．Listentotheirproblems.B．Tryapplyingthefollowingsteps.C．Alloweachpersontobeanindividual.D．Sothesestepswillhelpyouallgeton