湖南省長沙市長沙縣2021-2022學年高一英語上學期9月月考測試試題無聽力

歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對您有所幫助！歡迎閱讀本文檔，希望本文檔能對您有所幫助！湖南省長沙市長沙縣2021-2022學年高一英語上學期9月月考測試試題AEPPortableHeaterWeallknowthatthecostofheatingourhomeswillcontinuetobeasignificantburdenonthefamilybudget.NowmillionsofpeoplearesavingontheirheatingbillswiththeEPPortableHeater.Withoveronemillionsatisfiedcustomersaroundtheworld,thenewEPheatsbetterandfaster,savesmoreonheatingbills,andrunsalmostsilent.

TheEPhasnoexposedheatingpartsthatcancauseafire.TheoutsideofEPonlygetswarmtothetouchsothatitwillnotburnchildrenorpets.

TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.Withotherheaters,you'llnoticethatyougetsleepywhentheheatcomesonbecausetheyareburningupoxygen.

TheadvancedEPalsoheatstheroomevenly,walltowallandfloortoceiling.Itcomfortablycoversanareaupto350squarefeet.Otherheatersheatroomsunevenlywithmostoftheheatconcentratedtothecenteroftheroom.Andtheyonlyheatanareaafewfeetaroundtheheater.WiththeEP，thetemperaturewillnotvaryinanypartoftheroom.

TheEPcomeswitha3-yearwarranty（保修）anda60-day,noquestionsasked,satisfactionguarantee.Ifyouarenottotallysatisfied,returnitatourexpenseandyourmoneywillbegivenbacktoyou.

Now,wehaveaspecialofferfor10days,duringwhichyoucanenjoyahalfpricediscountandafreedelivery.Ifyouorderafterthat,wereservetherighttoeitheracceptorrejectorderrequestsatthediscountedprice.

Takeactionrightnow!Whatismainlydiscussedinparagraph2？______A.TheheatoftheEP. B.ThesafetyoftheEP.

C.TheappearanceoftheEP. D.ThematerialoftheEP.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthattheEP______.A.doesn'tburnupoxygen B.runswithoutanynoise

C.makespeoplegetsleepy D.isunsuitableforchildrenandpetsThemainpurposeofthepassageisto______.A.persuadepeopletobuytheproduct

B.advisepeopletosaveonheatingbills

C.reportthenewdevelopmentofportableheaters

D.comparethedifferenceofdifferentheaterbrandsBWhenRachelRatellesawanewsvideoofaburnedkoalatryingtoclimbatreetosafetyinfire-ravaged（火災(zāi)肆虐的）Australia,shedecidedtodosomethingaboutit.

ShelookedupwildliferescueandreliefagenciesinAustraliatofindoutwhattheyneededmost.Besidesdonations,manyorganizationsaskedforhand-sewn（手縫的）andknittedpouches（袋子）andwrapsforkoalasandotheranimalsthatwereburnedorhadlosttheirhomesandparentsinthefires.

ThisideaattractedRatelle,buttherewasjustoneproblem.

"I'dneversewninmylife,"saidRatelle,17，asenioratRanchoBuenaVistaHighSchoolinVista,US."Givingmoneyseemedlikesomethingtoosimple.ButIwantedtodirectlyhelptheseanimalsbydoingsomethingmyself,soIdecidedtolearnhowtosew."

Overthenextfewmonths,Ratelleboughtherownsewingmachineandtaughtherselfhowtosewviavideosonline.Thenshepurchased18yardsoffabricandsewed25pouchesofdifferentsizesandshippedthemofftoForAustralianWildlifeNeedingAid（FAWNA），oneofseveralrelieforganizationsthathaverushedtorescuekoalas,kangaroosandotherspeciessufferingfromburns.

Aweeklater,shereceivedaphotofromFAWNAwithayoungjoey（幼獸）inoneofherlargerpouches."ItmademefeellikeIcontributedtotheworldanditshowedhowasimpleactofkindnesscangoalongway,"saidRatelle,whohopestostudybiologyforafuturecareerasanursepractitioner.

"Iplantousemynewsewingskillstohelpanimalsandpeopledevastated（蹂躪）bynaturaldisasters,"shesaid.

AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,itestimatedthat1.2billionanimalshavedied,asaresultofthebushfires,whichhaveburnedmorethan26millionacresinAustralia.

Severalcraftguild（手工業(yè)行會）websitesaroundtheworldhavemobilized（動員）forAustralianreliefbymakingtheanimalpouches.KarenNewberryandhertwodaughtersMadison,12andRochelle,8，fromSanDiegoalsoofferedtheirhelpinsuchaway.ForNewberry,"itwasabigpushthatmadeuscrafters,sewersrealizethere'ssomethingmorewecandothanjustmakethingsforourselves,"shesaid.Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout？______A.WhatinspiredRatelletolearntosew.

B.Whatisneededtosavekoalasandotherspecies.

C.ThepoorlivingconditionsofwildanimalsinAustralia.

D.DifferentwaystohelpkoalasandotheranimalsinAustralia.HowdidRatellefeelwhenshereceivedaphotofromFAWNAaccordingtothetext？______A.Proud. B.Calm. C.Surprised. D.Disappointed.Thestatistics（統(tǒng)計數(shù)字）inParagraph8areusedtoshow______.A.howfrequentthebushfiresareinAustralia

B.howharmfulthebushfiresareinAustralia

C.thegreatvarietiesofwildanimalsinAustralia

D.thedifficultiesfacingrelieforganizationsinAustraliaWhatdoNewberry'swordsinthelastparagraphsuggest？______A.Peopleshouldstayunitedthroughdifficulttimes.

B.LifeisnoteasyforcraftersandsewersinAustralia.

C.Itischallengingforcraftersandsewerstodoreliefwork.

D.Craftersandsewerscandomoretohelpanimals.CStevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.

Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts（收銀臺）.Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.

Amongthebagmakers'argument：manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.

Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement：reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.

Environmentalistsdon'tdispute（質(zhì)疑）thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo？______A.Helpincreasegrocerysales. B.Recyclethewastematerial.

C.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks. D.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.Whatdoestheword"headwinds"inparagraph2referto？______A.Bansonplasticbags. B.Effectsofcitydevelopment.

C.Headachescausedbygarbage. D.Plasticbagshungintrees.Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic-bagmakers？______A.Theyarequiteexpensive.

B.Replacingthemcanbedifficult.

C.Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.

D.Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？______A.Plastic,PaperorNeither B.Industry,PollutionandEnvironment

C.RecycleorThrowAway D.GarbageCollectionandWasteControlDMostpeopleholdthebeliefthatyoungpeoplefrompoorfamilieswhosesocio-economicbackgroundsareinbadconditionstendtodolesswellintheeducationsystem.Inanattempttohelpthechildrenofpoorfamilies,anationwideprogramcalled"Headstart"wasstartedintheUSin1965.Alotofmoneywaspouredintoit.Ittookchildrenintopre-schoolinstitutionsattheageofthreeanditwasexpectedtohelpthemsucceedineducation.However,theresultshavebeendisappointing,becausetheprogrambegantoolate.Manychildrenwhoentereditatthreewerealreadybehindtheirpeersinlanguageandintelligenceandtheparentswerenotwillingtogetinvolvedintheprocess.

Toimprovetheresults,anotherprogramwasstartedinMissourithatconcentratedonparentsasthechild'sfirstteachers.Thisprogramwasbasedonresearchesshowingthatworkingwiththefamilyisthemosteffectivewayofhelpingchildrengetthebestpossiblestartinlife.Thefour-yearstudyincluded380familieswhowereabouttohavetheirfirstchildandrepresenteddifferentsocial-economicstatus,ageandfamilystructure.Theprograminvitedmanytrainededucatorsvisitingandworkingwiththeparentorparentsandthechild.Theprogramalsogavetheparentssomeguidancetocommunicatewiththeirchildren,andusefulskillsonchilddevelopment.

Attheageofthree,thechildreninvolvedinthe"Missouri"programwereevaluatedwiththechildrenselectedfromthesamesocio-economicbackgroundandfamilysituations.Theresultswereobvious.Thechildrenintheprogramweremoreadvancedinlanguagedevelopment,problemsolvingandotherintellectualskillsthantheirpeers.Theyperformedequallywellregardlessofsocio-economicbackgroundsorfamilystructures.Whattheyfoundthroughtheprogramwasthatoneofthemostimportantfactorsthataffectedthechild'sdevelopmentwasthepoorqualityofparent-childinteraction.Thatinteractionwasnotnecessarilybadinpoorerfamilies.

The"Missouri"programisquitedifferentfrom"Headstart"program.Fromwhattheydidwecandrawaconclusion：Withoutasimilarfocusonparenteducationandonthevitalimportanceofthefirstthreeyears,someevidenceindicatesthatitwillnotbeenoughtoovercomeeducationalunfairness.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe"Headstart"program？______A.Ithelpedmanychildrenfrompoorfamiliestomakeprogress.

B.Itfailedbecausethechildrentheyhelpedhadalreadyfallenbehind.

C.Ithelpedthechildreninvolvedsucceedintheireducationsoon.

D.Itsucceededinimprovingtheintelligenceofallthechildren.Wecanlearnfromthesecondparagraphthatthe"Missouri"program______.A.focusedonthechildren'sfirstschoolteachers.

B.helpedthechildrenreturntothesamehome.

C.maymakethechildrenimprovedinmanyaspects.

D.gavetheparentsadviceontheirdevelopment.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"interaction"inParagraph3probablymean？______A.Intelligence. B.Performance. C.Education. D.Communication.Thelastparagraphtellsusthat______.A.parentsplayanimportantroleinchildren'seducation.

B.itisimpossibletoovercomeeducationalunfairness.

C.poorfamiliescannotchangethefateoftheirchildren.

D.The"Missouri"programpaymoreattentiontotheages.HomeworkDomathsproblems15through25.Statethedifferentformsoftheverbsonpage50ofyourFrenchworkbook.Readpages12through20oftheShakespeareplay,anddon'tforgettofillinthemissingchemicalsymbolsontheworksheet.

Soundlikealistofyourhomeworkforthenextfewnights-ormaybeevenjustfortonight？（1）______It'syourteachers'wayofevaluatinghowmuchyouunderstandwhat'sgoingoninclass.Andithelpsstrengthenimportantconcepts.Herearesometipsonhowtodoyourhomework.

（2）______It'sinvitingtostartwiththeeasythingstogetthemoutoftheway.However,you'llhavethemostenergyandfocuswhenyoubegin,soit'sbesttousethismentalpoweronthesubjectsthataremostchallenging.Later,whenyou'remoretired,youcanfocusonthesimplerthings.Ifyougetstuckonaproblem,trytofigureitoutaswellasyoucan-butdon'tspendtoomuchtimeonitbecausethiscanmessupyourhomeworkschedulefortherestofthenight.（3）______Butdon'tpicksomeonewhomyou'llbeupallnightchattingwith,oryou'llnevergetitdone!

Mostpeople'sattentionspansaren'tverylong,sotakesomebreakswhiledoingyourhomework.Sittingfortoolongwithoutrelaxingwillmakeyoulessproductivethanifyoustopeverysooften.Takinga15-minutebreakeveryhourisagoodideaformostpeople.（4）______

Onceyourhomeworkisdone,youcancheckoveritifyouhaveextratime.Besuretoputitsafelyawayinyourbackpack-there'snothingworsethanhavingacompletedassignmentthatyoucan'tfindthenextmorningorthatgetsruinedbyacarelessbrotherorsister.（5）______Nowyou'refreetohangout.

A.Luckily,youcandoafewthingstodolesshomework.

B.Homeworkisamajorpartofgoingtoschool.

C.Nooneisexpectedtostayhappy,andpeoplehaveverydifferentlearningstyles.

D.Ifyouneedto,askanadultforhelporcalloremailaclassmateforadvice.

E.Butifyou'rereallyconcentrating,waituntilit'sagoodtimetostop.

F.Andnoteacherstillbelievesthat"chewedbythedog"lie-evenwhenit'strue!

G.Whenyoustartyourhomework,dealwiththehardesttasksfirst.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.GUntilafewyearsago,Ihadwhatmostpeoplewouldprobablycallagoodlife,forIhada（an）（1）______jobthatpaidthebills；IhadagoodfamilythatIwasreallycloseto,andIhadaplacetoliveandmoneyinthebankfortripsand（2）______，andtherewasnothingmuchwronginmylife.（3）______，Iwasbored.

Iwantedmore.Iwantedtolive（4）______andloudlyandmakesharpmemoriesinsteadofthe（5）______onesofeverydaylife.ButIwasalittle（6）______.Ihadneverhadany（7）______inmyself.Asachild,evenbuyingsomethinginashopcausedmeagreatdealof（8）______，andeventhoughIdidgetbetterasIgotolder,Inever（9）______thatchildhoodshyness.AndItriedeverything,likereadingbooksaboutconfidence.Itooktinystepsleadingtomygoals.Butnoneofthemreally（10）______.

SoI（11）______thatthesmallstepsweren'tenough.Isignedupforaninternship（實習期）ofteachingEnglishinVietnam,ahugestepwhichseems（12）______，onethat（13）______measmuchasitexcitedme.AndthenthedaycameandIleftmyhomeandmylovedones.Iwasaloneinacountrywherethefoodwas（14）______andthestreetsweredirty.IhadnoideawhetherIcould（15）______everythingthatthisverystrangeenvironmentwould（16）______atme.

IspentmorethanfivemonthsinVietnam,teaching,exploringandlaughing,I'dlearntto（17）______myself,myskills,myabilitiesandmydecisions.Afterthat,Ireturnedhome（18）______，eventomyself,letalonetoothers.The（19）______thathadcontrolledmylifeandtheself-doubtwerecompletely（20）______.

Thatonebigchancechangedeverythingforme,andinme.

A.permanent B.temporary C.informal D.demanding

A.scholarships B.rewards C.treats D.fines

A.Thus B.Instead C.Otherwise D.However

A.easily B.brightly C.peacefully D.modestly

A.sweet B.unforgettable C.ordinary D.entertaining

A.addicted B.innocent C.outgoing D.afraid

A.pride B.confidence C.enthusiasm D.shame

A.stress B.excitement C.confusion D.surprise

A.addedto B.talkedabout C.gotover D.sufferedfrom

A.continued B.survived C.failed D.helped

A.decided B.promised C.predicted D.imagined

A.equal B.impossible C.flexible D.occasional

A.ignored B.impressed C.annoyed D.terrified

A.tasty B.automatic C.strange D.various

A.adopt B.handle C.transform D.obtain

A.point B.throw C.shout D.aim

A.trust B.accept C.excuse D.forgive

A.unconcerned B.unsatisfied C.unchangeable D.unrecognizable

A.fear B.respect C.courage D.exhaustion

A.pickedup B.brokendown C.wornaway D.putoffThehoteloffersitsguestsawide______（vary）ofamusement．Jane______（marry）toHarryforalongtime.Herisked______（arrest）soastogettheimportantinformationfromtheenemy.Thefactory______hisfatherworksisinthewest．Foreignautomakersdiffer______theirresponsetotheslowdown.Iwasreadingabook______someoneshoutedatme.Theseincludeanger,______（anxious），sadness,isolationandfear.______（compare）withmydeskmate,IamproudofwhatIdid.Inrecentyears,thenumberofcrimes______（commit）bytheyoungpeopleinmajorcitiesthroughouttheworldhasbeenincreasing.Hisbeinglatemade______impossibleforthemeetingtobeheldontime.Evenifinvitingtotheparty,Iwillnotgo.______Hefeltupsetbecauseoftheproblemofwhichhecouldn'tfindoutasolution.______WhenIarrivedhome,Ifoundastrangerseatatmytable.______HelenaswellasIameagertoseetheperformancetonight.______Thegovernmenthasbeenbuyingsilveronlargequantities.______TheboywhatspokenEnglishisexcellentdrawsourattention.______Whichcanbeseenfromhisface,heisquitepleased.______Whathesawwasquitedifferentfromwhichhethoughtbeforehewentthere.______Itisgreatcomforttoherparentstoknowshelivesacomfortablelife.______Youcan'tbesocarefultocrossthestreet.______Youwouldnothavewantedtoexperience（1）______PeggyWhitsonexperiencedonApril,19，2008.DuringherreturnfromtheInternationalSpaceStation,thespaceshipshewaslyingaboard（2）______（fail）toseparatefullyfromapropulsionmodule（推進艙）.Thedead（3）______（weigh）hangingfromtheshipcausedittofallintotheatmosphereatatoo-fastangle,whichwaslikelytoburnthecrewbeforetheyreachedtheground.Finally,themoduleseparated,andthecrew（4）______（safe）landed.However,thenextchanceshegot,shewentbacktospace,without（5）______（frighten）bythedanger.

Whistonservedin（6）______numberofscientificrolesbeforebecominganastronaut.Overthecourseof15years,Whitson,whoretiredfromNASAin2018，completedthreemissionstothestation.ShestayedmoretimeinspacethananyotherAmericanastronaut；walkedinspace10times,foratotal（7）______60hoursand21minutes；becamethefirstwoman（8）______（command）thestation,in2008，thendiditagainin2017.SheleavesNASAa（9）______（good）andmorestoriedplacethanshefoundit.Otherwomenandmenmaybreaksomeofher（10）______（record）；herfirstswillalwaysbehers.假如英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處：每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號（∧），并在其下面寫上該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（﹨）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

Asisknowntous,alargenumberofwildanimalshasbeenkilledfortheirmeat.Asaresult,thousandofanimalshaveeitherdiedoutandbecomeendangered.

Actually,protectwildanimalsbenefitstheanimalsaswellashumans.Foranexample,iffarmerskilledtoomanyeagles,theircornandgrainwouldbedestroyedbyrats.Thereasonisbecausewithnoeaglestohuntrats,theirnumberwouldincreaserapid.

Therefore,allofusmustdowhattheycantoprotectwildanimals.Asforme,IhavejoinedanorganizationinourtownwhichaimistocallonpeopletoprotectwildanimalsandIhavetakenpartseveralactivities.假定你是李華，你的留學生朋友Peter發(fā)郵件告知他在校中國詩歌朗誦大賽中獲得二等獎.請你回復(fù)郵件，

內(nèi)容包括：

1.表示祝賀；

2.肯定他賽前的準備；

3.希望他繼續(xù)努力.

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫.

參考詞匯：中國詩歌朗誦大賽theChinesePoetryRecitationCompetition

答案1.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】A【小題3】A

【解析】（1）B．段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容The

EP

has

no

exposed

heating

parts

that

can

cause

a

fire.

The

outside

of

EP

only

gets

warm

to

the

touch

so

that

it

will

not

burn

children

or

pets.（EP沒有可能引起火災(zāi)的外露加熱部件。外部的EP只得到溫暖的觸摸，使它不會燒傷兒童或?qū)櫸?。）可知，這種暖風機不會引起火災(zāi)，不會燙傷孩子和寵物，顯然是在講它的安全性，故選B．

（2）A．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句話TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.（EP不會減少室內(nèi)的氧氣。）可知，這種EP暖風機是不會降低室內(nèi)的氧氣含量的，就是說該暖風機不消耗氧氣，故選A．

（3）A．目的意圖題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Now,wehaveaspecialofferfor10days,duringwhichyoucanenjoyahalfpricediscountandafreedelivery（現(xiàn)在，我們有一個10天的特別提供，在此期間，你可以享受半價折扣和免費送貨。）和最后一段Takeactionrightnow!（趕緊行動起來）的促銷語，可以看出來是促銷廣告。讓讀者趕緊買這個產(chǎn)品，故選A.

本文是一篇廣告布告類閱讀理解，文章主要向大眾介紹了EP便攜式暖氣相較于其它取暖設(shè)備的優(yōu)點及具體細節(jié)。這款取暖設(shè)備安全性高，對人畜不會造成傷害，質(zhì)量也有保證。

考查廣告布告類閱讀理解。做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項做出正確的選擇。

4.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】A【小題3】B【小題4】D

【解析】（1）A.段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的WhenRachelRatellesawanewsvideoofaburnedkoalatryingtoclimbatreetosafetyinfire-ravaged（火災(zāi)肆虐的）Australia,shedecidedtodosomethingaboutit.（當雷切爾●拉泰爾在澳大利亞看到一段新聞視頻，一只被燒毀的考拉試圖爬上一棵樹去安全的地方，她決定做點什么）；第二段Besidesdonations，manyorganizationsaskedforhand-sewnandkittedpouches（袋子）andwrapsforkoalasandotheranimalsthatwereburnedorhadlosttheirhomesandparentsinthefires.（除了捐款外，許多組織還要求為被燒毀或在火災(zāi)中失去家園和父母的考拉和其他動物提供手工縫制和配套的袋子。）可知，前兩段交代的正是Ratelle學習縫紉的原因、動機，故選A.

（2）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的"ItmademefeellikeIcontributedtotheworldanditshowedhowasimpleactofkindnesscangoalongway,"saidRatelle（拉特萊說："這讓我覺得自己為世界做出了貢獻，也說明了一個簡單的善舉能起到很大的作用"）可知，收到照片讓Ratelle覺得她對于世界做出了一份貢獻。因此，Ratelle顯然是帶著一種自豪、滿足的心情的，A.Proud自豪的；B.Calm平靜的；C.Surprised驚訝的；D.

Disappointed失望的。故選A.

（3）B．推理判斷題．根據(jù)第八段"AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,itestimatedthat1.2billionanimalshavedied,asaresultofthebushfires,whichhaveburnedmorethan26millionacresinAustralia."據(jù)世界野生動物基金會（WorldwidlifeFund）估計，在澳大利亞，森林大火燒毀了2600多萬英畝土地，造成12億只動物死亡。由此判斷出這里描述的是澳洲大火造成的動物傷亡情況和波及的范圍，就是為了表現(xiàn)大火的危害程度。故選B.

（4）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的itwasabigpushthatmadewecrafters,sewerstorealizethere'ssomethingmorewecandothanjustmakethingsforourselves.（這是一個巨大的推動，讓我們這些工匠和裁縫工意識到，除了為自己制造東西，我們還可以做更多的事情。）可知，她覺得這次幫助救濟動物的行動讓相關(guān)從業(yè)人員意識到了除了給人類做衣服以外，還有更多事情可以做，因此Newberry的話指的就是在幫助動物方面還可以做得更多，故選D.

本文是一篇人物故事類閱讀，主要講述了澳洲大火肆虐導致生靈涂炭，數(shù)十億動物因此喪生，17歲的美國高中生Ratelle在了解到當?shù)貏游锛毙枋挚p的針織袋后，決定自學縫紉并將自制的袋子捐給了慈善組織。與此同時，全世界的手工藝人和裁縫們也都加入了救助澳大利亞野生動物的行列中。

1．直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原文基本一致的題目。

2．間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原文信息進行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3．綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。

8.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】A【小題3】D【小題4】A

【解析】（1）D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段oneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.（斯坦因的工作之一是捍衛(wèi)塑料購物袋背后的產(chǎn)業(yè)。）；第二段plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.（塑料袋制造商正在聘請斯坦因這樣的科學家來證明他們的產(chǎn)品并不像大多數(shù)人想象的那樣對地球有害。）可知，雇用StevenStein是為塑料產(chǎn)品進行辯護，故選D.

（2）A.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.（在許多美國大城市塑料袋被禁用，看到這種___，塑料袋生產(chǎn)商雇用StevenStein等科學家是為了證明他們的產(chǎn)品并不像大多數(shù)人想象的那樣對地球有害。）headwinds意為"逆風"，此處指塑料袋被禁用的現(xiàn)狀，即Bansonplasticbags,A.Bansonplasticbags禁用塑料袋；B.Effectsofcitydevelopment城市發(fā)展效應(yīng)；C.Headachescausedbygarbage垃圾引起的頭痛；D.Plasticbagshungintrees樹上掛著的塑料袋，故選A.

（3）D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.（然而，更持久的可重復(fù)使用袋往往需要使用更多的能源。）可知，生產(chǎn)耐用且能重復(fù)使用的袋子需要更多的能源，故選D.

（4）A．標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.（史蒂文?斯坦喜歡跟著垃圾車走。當你考慮到他是一個研究如何減少垃圾的環(huán)境科學家，包括垃圾車在路上行駛時掉下來的東西時，他的奇怪習慣是有道理的。更有趣的是，斯坦因的工作之一是捍衛(wèi)塑料購物袋背后的一個行業(yè)。）可知，文章講述了使用塑料袋會造成環(huán)境問題，紙袋容易回收，但生產(chǎn)和運輸需要更多的能源，環(huán)保主義者希望消費者使用耐用可重復(fù)使用的袋子。對這三種方式進行了對比，Plastic,PaperorNeither既能概括全文，又能吸引讀者，符合題意，故選A.

這是一篇健康環(huán)保類閱讀，主要分析了幾種購物袋的使用情況，塑料袋會造成環(huán)境問題，紙袋盡管容易回收。但生產(chǎn)和運輸需要更多的能源，環(huán)保主義者希望消費者使用耐用可重復(fù)使用的袋子。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

12.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】C【小題3】D【小題4】A

【解析】（1）B．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Manychildrenwhoentereditatthreewerealreadybehindtheirpeersinlanguageandintelligenceandtheparentswerenotwillingtogetinvolvedintheprocess.???????????????????????????許多三歲入學的孩子在語言和智力上已經(jīng)落后于同齡人，家長不愿意參與其中。可知它失敗了，因為他們幫助的孩子們已經(jīng)落后了。故選B．

（2）C．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Thisprogramwasbasedonresearchesshowingthatworkingwiththefamilyisthemosteffectivewayofhelpingchildrengetthebestpossiblestartinlife.（這個項目的基礎(chǔ)是一些研究，這些研究表明，與家庭一起工作是幫助孩子獲得人生最好開始的最有效的方式）和Theprogramalsogavetheparentssomeguidancetocommunicatewiththeirchildren,andusefulskillsonchilddevelopment.（該項目還為家長們提供了一些與孩子交流的指導，以及有關(guān)兒童發(fā)展的有用技能）可知這個項目讓孩子們在很多方面都有進步。故選C．

（3）D．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Whattheyfoundthroughtheprogramwasthatoneofthemostimportantfactorsthataffectedthechild'sdevelopmentwasthepoorqualityofparent-childinteraction.Thatinteractionwasnotnecessarilybadinpoorerfamilies.他們通過這個項目發(fā)現(xiàn)，影響孩子發(fā)展的最重要因素之一是親子_____差的質(zhì)量，這種_____在貧困家庭并不一定很糟糕。父母和小孩子之間的應(yīng)該是"互動、交流"，結(jié)合選項：A．Intelligence智力；B．Performance表現(xiàn)；C．Education教育；D．Communication溝通。故選D．

（4）A．段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段The"Missouri"programisquitedifferentfrom"Headstart"program.Fromwhattheydidwecandrawaconclusion????????????：Withoutasimilarfocusonparenteducationandonthevitalimportanceofthefirstthreeyears,someevidenceindicatesthatitwillnotbeenoughtoovercomeeducationalunfairness."??????密蘇里"計劃與"Headstart"計劃大不相同，從中我們可以得出結(jié)論：如果不把重點放在家長教育上，不重視前三年的極端重要性，一些證據(jù)表明，這不足以克服教育的不公?？芍改冈诤⒆拥慕逃衅鹬匾淖饔?。故選A．

本文先提出觀點社會經(jīng)濟背景較差的年輕人在教育中的表現(xiàn)較差，然后分析對比了兩個項目"Headstart"失敗和the"Missouri"program成功的原因，最后得出結(jié)論影響兒童發(fā)展的一個因素是親子互動的質(zhì)量。

做這類題材的閱讀理解時要求考生對文章先通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上進行合理地分析，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

16.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】G【小題3】D【小題4】E【小題5】F

【解析】（1）B．推理判斷題。根據(jù)后句"It's

your

teachers'

way

of

evaluating

how

much

you

understand

what's

going

on

in

class.

這是老師評價你對課堂上發(fā)生的事情理解程度的方法。"中的it代指B選項中的homework.故"B.Homeworkisamajorpartofgoingtoschool.????????家庭作業(yè)是上學的主要部分。"符合要求。故選B．

（2）G．推理判斷題。根據(jù)后文soit'sbesttousethismentalpoweronthesubjectsthataremostchallenging可知最好在最具挑戰(zhàn)性的科目上運用這種精神力量。由此推知，本段主要是建議學生們先從最難的作業(yè)著手。"G項：Whenyoustartyourhomework,

dealwiththehardesttasksfirst.?????????當你開始做作業(yè)時，先處理最難的任務(wù)"符合語境。故選G．

（3）D．推理判斷題。根據(jù)后句"But

don't

pick

someone

whom

you'll

be

up

all

night

chatting

with,

or

you'll

never

get

it

done!但是不要選一個你會整夜和他聊天的人，否則你永遠也做不到！"由轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but連接，并提到不要找一個整晚聊不完的人討論作業(yè)。故前句應(yīng)該是說可以求助于某些人（Ifyouneedto,

askanadultforhelporcalloremailaclassmateforadvice???????????????如果你需要的話，可以向成年人尋求幫助，或者打電話或發(fā)電子郵件給同學征求意見）。故選D．

（4）E．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)前一句說Takinga

15-minutebreakeveryhourisagoodideaformostpeople."???????????對于大部分人來說每小時休息15分鐘是好的"，而且本段主要講休息，只有E項：Butifyou'rereallyconcentrating,

waituntilit'sagoodtimetostop."???但是如果你能真正地集中精神，那么也可以等到一個合適的時間再休息。"與休息有關(guān)。故選E．

（5）F