高中英語(yǔ)人教新課標(biāo)高二選修七 Unit 2 Robots Grammar 課件

語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式

完成式

進(jìn)行式

/

todo

tobedone

tobedoing

tohavedone

tohavebeendone

主語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)

定語(yǔ)

狀語(yǔ)

賓補(bǔ)Unit2Robots

Grammar

RevisethePassivevoice被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式完成式1Whathappenstothegirl?She___________________(ask)tomarrytheboy.isasked/beingaskedtheinfinitivethepassivevoiceWhathappenstothegirl?She__2

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的_____。

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的_____。語(yǔ)態(tài)一、語(yǔ)態(tài)分類(Voice)執(zhí)行者承受者主被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換：Tombrokethewindow.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.構(gòu)成:

be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(done)(+by…)(theactivevoice)(thepassivevoice)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的_____。語(yǔ)態(tài)現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)將來時(shí)一般式______done_________done__________進(jìn)行式__________

done_______________

done完成式_________

done_________done___________時(shí)式

二.各時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成(以動(dòng)詞do為例)wasdonedoneamisareambeingisbeingarebeinghasbeenhavebeenwerewasbeingwerebeinghadbeenshallbewillbeshall/willhavebeen現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)將來時(shí)一般式___________進(jìn)行式_4一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：____________________English__________(speak)

bymanypeople.

I__________(ask)togetupearlyeveryday.Thebooks__________(write)byLuXun.am/is/are＋doneisspoken

amasked

arewritten

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：____________________am5一般過去時(shí)：____________________Thesecomputers_________(make)inourowncountrylastyear.一般將來時(shí)：_____________________We_______________(ask)

toattendtheopeningceremonytomorrow.was/were＋donewill/shallbe＋doneweremadeshall/willbeasked一般過去時(shí)：____________________was6過去將來時(shí)：_____________________Thenews

___________(send)tothesoldier’smotherassoonasitarrived.wouldbe＋done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：________________________

Themachine_______________(repair)intheworkshopnow.am/is/arebeing＋donewouldbesentisbeingrepaired

過去將來時(shí)：_____________________wou7過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：_____________________Thedinner________________(prepare)whenIarrivedhomeat7o’clock.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：________________________Greatprogress_________________(make)incultureandeducationinrecentyears.was/werebeing＋donehave/hasbeen＋donewasbeingpreparedhasalsobeenmade

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：_____________________was8過去完成時(shí)：_________________

Thehugebridge________________(damage)beforetheWorldWarⅡ.將來完成時(shí)：_________________________Thebook

______________________(publish)bytheendofnextmonth.hadbeen＋donewill/shallhavebeen＋donehadbeendamagedwillhavebeenpublished

過去完成時(shí)：_________________hadbee9三.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________注意：原來帶to的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)后“to”仍要保留。如：oughttobedone（1）Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.

Thiswatch

intwodays.（2）Yououghttotakeitaway.

It

.（3）Theyshoulddoitatonce.

It

atonce.canberepairedoughttobetakenawayshouldbedone情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+done三.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

canberepaired10四、主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的幾種情況1．有些動(dòng)詞既是及物動(dòng)詞又是不及物動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)它們和well，badly，easily等副詞連用時(shí)，表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能，是不及物動(dòng)詞，用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)，這時(shí)不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，常見的有：write，read，clean，sell，wash，cook等。如：Thecloth______(wash)easily.Thenewproduct______(sell)well.Thepen________(write)smoothly.washessellswrites四、主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的幾種情況washessellswrites112．系動(dòng)詞一般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，如：feel，look，seem，taste，sound，remain等。改錯(cuò)：①—Didyoulikethematerial?

—Yes，itwasfeltverysoft.②Thefoodwastasteddelicious.③Thepopmusicwassoundedbeautiful.2．系動(dòng)詞一般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，如：feel，look123.動(dòng)詞need,require,want,deserve(應(yīng)得）和beworth后加v-ing的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。Mywatchdoesn'twork.

Itneeds__________(repair).Thebookisworth________(read)asecondtime.repairing=itneedstoberepaired.

need/require/want/deservedoing=need/require/want/deserve

tobedonereading….被做beworthdoing

…值得被做repairing=itneedstoberepai13五.動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變化一覽表一般式完成式主動(dòng)todotohavedone被動(dòng)tobedonetohavebeendone該動(dòng)作是發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作(幾乎)同時(shí)/發(fā)生在它之后。五.動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變化一覽表一般式完成式tob14

Exercises:

(1)Itisanhonorforme

(ask)

tospeakhere.(2)Itisagoodthingforhim___________________(criticize).(3)Sheasked___________(send)toworkinXinjiang.(4)Hethoughtitanhonor__________________(invite)totheparty.(5)Thetaskis_______________(finish)bynextmonth.(6)Hewantedtheletter_____________(type)atonce.tobeaskedtobesenttobetypedtohavebeencriticizedtohavebeeninvited（主語(yǔ)）（主語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)）（賓補(bǔ)）tobefinished（表語(yǔ)）Exercises:tobeaskedto15(7)Areyougoingtothemeeting__________(hold)intheteachers’officetomorrow?tobeheld(8)Shewasthefirstwoman__________________(choose)asthemanager.(9)Shewastooyoung_____________(assign)suchwork.

tobeassignedto

havebeenchosen（定語(yǔ)）（定語(yǔ)）（狀語(yǔ)）(7)Areyougoingtothemeeti16六、不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)(1)動(dòng)詞不定式在名詞后面作定語(yǔ)，不定式和名詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，同時(shí)又和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。例如：

Ihavealotofthings_______(do)thisafternoon.I'llgotothepostoffice.Doyouhavealetter___________(post)?

(todo與things是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，與I是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。)(post與主語(yǔ)you之間不存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，只和前面letter構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。)todotobeposted六、不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)I'llgotothep17（2）在“Sth+be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式中,主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。（常用的形容詞有：easy,difficult,hard,interesting,good等表示性質(zhì)的形容詞）這個(gè)問題很難回答。Thequestionisdifficult___________.這個(gè)講座很難聽懂。Thelectureisdifficult_______________.英語(yǔ)很容易學(xué)。Englishiseasy_________.這些蘋果很好吃。Theseapplesaregood_________.toanswertounderstandtolearntoeat（2）在“Sth+be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定18(3).在“too…todo;enough…to…”結(jié)構(gòu)中。不定式前面可加邏輯主語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。

Theproblemistoodifficult______(solve).Thehouseisbigenough_____(live)in.tosolveformetoliveforustosolveformetoliveforus19(4).在“with+n.+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中。不定式和名詞之間有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，同時(shí)又和句中主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。例如：

Withnothing_______(do),helayinbed.Withsomanyexercises_______(do),Ican’tgotothecinema.todo(todo與nothing是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，與he是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。)todo(4).在“with+n.+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中。不20(5).在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式修飾名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式用主動(dòng)式做定語(yǔ)，重點(diǎn)在人；用被動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)，重點(diǎn)在物。例如：

Thereisalotofhomework______(do).Thereisnotime______(lose).

todotolose(也可用tobedone)(也可用tobelost)(5).在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中。Thereisno21(6).一些作表語(yǔ)的不定式用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。常見的這類動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)et(出租),rent(出租),seek(尋找),blame等。

1.Thehouseis_____(let出租).2.IfeltIwas________(blame).3.Thereasonisnotfar____________(seek).tolettoblametoseek(6).一些作表語(yǔ)的不定式用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。tolett221.下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并改正過來。（1）Ihavealotofhouseworktodonetonight．（2）Whichlanguageisthemostwidelyspeakingintheworld？

（3）LeiFeng'snamerememberedbyallChinesepeople.

（4）Themanislookedveryold.

（5）

Theroomsarepaintednow.do?is\【語(yǔ)法運(yùn)用】?beingspoken1.下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并改正過來。do?is\【232、語(yǔ)法填空Iamarobotcat.Oneday，myownerPetergotuplateandbegantohavehisbreakfast.I_________(take)tothetableand______(make)tositonthetable.PeterissuchamessyboythatI____(get)bitsoffoodalloverme.Petermust______________(wake)upinabadmoodbecausewhenhe__________(ask)togetdressed，heshoutedathismotherandthenhitme.wastaken

made

got

havewoken

wasasked

2、語(yǔ)法填空wastakenmadegot24I______(be)veryangryandhissedathim.I_________(hit)byPeteragainandagain.LuckilyhewenttoschoolandI_________(leave)athomebutI_______(have)apeacefultime.WhenPetergothomehewasmuchhappierandwasverynicetome.IhopeI_________________(treat)asnicelyasnow.was

washit

wasleft

had

willbetreatedI______(be)veryangryandh25HomeworkReviewwhatwehavelearnttodayon23in全品學(xué)。2.Finishtheexerciseon24in全品學(xué)。HomeworkReviewwhatwehavele26ThankyouThankyou27語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式

完成式

進(jìn)行式

/

todo

tobedone

tobedoing

tohavedone

tohavebeendone

主語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)

定語(yǔ)

狀語(yǔ)

賓補(bǔ)Unit2Robots

Grammar

RevisethePassivevoice被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式完成式28Whathappenstothegirl?She___________________(ask)tomarrytheboy.isasked/beingaskedtheinfinitivethepassivevoiceWhathappenstothegirl?She__29

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的_____。

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的_____。語(yǔ)態(tài)一、語(yǔ)態(tài)分類(Voice)執(zhí)行者承受者主被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換：Tombrokethewindow.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.構(gòu)成:

be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(done)(+by…)(theactivevoice)(thepassivevoice)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的_____。語(yǔ)態(tài)現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)將來時(shí)一般式______done_________done__________進(jìn)行式__________

done_______________

done完成式_________

done_________done___________時(shí)式

二.各時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成(以動(dòng)詞do為例)wasdonedoneamisareambeingisbeingarebeinghasbeenhavebeenwerewasbeingwerebeinghadbeenshallbewillbeshall/willhavebeen現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)將來時(shí)一般式___________進(jìn)行式_31一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：____________________English__________(speak)

bymanypeople.

I__________(ask)togetupearlyeveryday.Thebooks__________(write)byLuXun.am/is/are＋doneisspoken

amasked

arewritten

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：____________________am32一般過去時(shí)：____________________Thesecomputers_________(make)inourowncountrylastyear.一般將來時(shí)：_____________________We_______________(ask)

toattendtheopeningceremonytomorrow.was/were＋donewill/shallbe＋doneweremadeshall/willbeasked一般過去時(shí)：____________________was33過去將來時(shí)：_____________________Thenews

___________(send)tothesoldier’smotherassoonasitarrived.wouldbe＋done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：________________________

Themachine_______________(repair)intheworkshopnow.am/is/arebeing＋donewouldbesentisbeingrepaired

過去將來時(shí)：_____________________wou34過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：_____________________Thedinner________________(prepare)whenIarrivedhomeat7o’clock.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：________________________Greatprogress_________________(make)incultureandeducationinrecentyears.was/werebeing＋donehave/hasbeen＋donewasbeingpreparedhasalsobeenmade

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：_____________________was35過去完成時(shí)：_________________

Thehugebridge________________(damage)beforetheWorldWarⅡ.將來完成時(shí)：_________________________Thebook

______________________(publish)bytheendofnextmonth.hadbeen＋donewill/shallhavebeen＋donehadbeendamagedwillhavebeenpublished

過去完成時(shí)：_________________hadbee36三.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

結(jié)構(gòu)：__________________注意：原來帶to的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)后“to”仍要保留。如：oughttobedone（1）Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.

Thiswatch

intwodays.（2）Yououghttotakeitaway.

It

.（3）Theyshoulddoitatonce.

It

atonce.canberepairedoughttobetakenawayshouldbedone情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+done三.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

canberepaired37四、主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的幾種情況1．有些動(dòng)詞既是及物動(dòng)詞又是不及物動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)它們和well，badly，easily等副詞連用時(shí)，表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能，是不及物動(dòng)詞，用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)，這時(shí)不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，常見的有：write，read，clean，sell，wash，cook等。如：Thecloth______(wash)easily.Thenewproduct______(sell)well.Thepen________(write)smoothly.washessellswrites四、主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)的幾種情況washessellswrites382．系動(dòng)詞一般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，如：feel，look，seem，taste，sound，remain等。改錯(cuò)：①—Didyoulikethematerial?

—Yes，itwasfeltverysoft.②Thefoodwastasteddelicious.③Thepopmusicwassoundedbeautiful.2．系動(dòng)詞一般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，如：feel，look393.動(dòng)詞need,require,want,deserve(應(yīng)得）和beworth后加v-ing的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。Mywatchdoesn'twork.

Itneeds__________(repair).Thebookisworth________(read)asecondtime.repairing=itneedstoberepaired.

need/require/want/deservedoing=need/require/want/deserve

tobedonereading….被做beworthdoing

…值得被做repairing=itneedstoberepai40五.動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變化一覽表一般式完成式主動(dòng)todotohavedone被動(dòng)tobedonetohavebeendone該動(dòng)作是發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作(幾乎)同時(shí)/發(fā)生在它之后。五.動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變化一覽表一般式完成式tob41

Exercises:

(1)Itisanhonorforme

(ask)

tospeakhere.(2)Itisagoodthingforhim___________________(criticize).(3)Sheasked___________(send)toworkinXinjiang.(4)Hethoughtitanhonor__________________(invite)totheparty.(5)Thetaskis_______________(finish)bynextmonth.(6)Hewantedtheletter_____________(type)atonce.tobeaskedtobesenttobetypedtohavebeencriticizedtohavebeeninvited（主語(yǔ)）（主語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)）（賓補(bǔ)）tobefinished（表語(yǔ)）Exercises:tobeaskedto42(7)Areyougoingtothemeeting__________(hold)intheteachers’officetomorrow?tobeheld(8)Shewasthefirstwoman__________________(choose)asthemanager.(9)Shewastooyoung_____________(assign)suchwork.

tobeassignedto

havebeenchosen（定語(yǔ)）（定語(yǔ)）（狀語(yǔ)）(7)Areyougoingtothemeeti43六、不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)(1)動(dòng)詞不定式在名詞后面作定語(yǔ)，不定式和名詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，同時(shí)又和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。例如：

Ihavealotofthings_______(do)thisafternoon.I'llgotothepostoffice.Doyouhavealetter___________(post)?

(todo與things是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，與I是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。)(post與主語(yǔ)you之間不存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，只和前面letter構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。)todotobeposted六、不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)I'llgotothep44（2）在“Sth+be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式中,主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。（常用的形容詞有：easy,difficult,hard,interesting,good等表示性質(zhì)的形容詞）這個(gè)問題很難回答。Thequestionisdifficult___________.這個(gè)講座很難聽懂。Thelectureisdifficult_______________.英語(yǔ)很容易學(xué)。Englishiseasy_________.這些蘋果很好吃。Theseapplesaregood_________.toanswertounderstandtolearntoeat（2）在“Sth+be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定45(3).在“too…todo;enough…to…”結(jié)構(gòu)中。不定式前面可加邏輯主語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。

Theproblemistoodifficult______(solve).Thehouseisbigenough_____(live)in.tosolveformetoliveforustosolveformetoliveforus46(4).在“with+n.+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中。不定式和名詞之間有被動(dòng)關(guān)系，同時(shí)又和句中主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。例如：

Withnothing_______(do),helayinbed.Withsomanyexercises_______(do),Ican’tgotothecinema.todo(todo與nothing是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，與he是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。)todo(4).在“with+n.+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中。不47(5).在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式修飾名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式用主動(dòng)式做定語(yǔ)，重點(diǎn)在人；用被動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)，重點(diǎn)在物。例如：

Thereisalotofhomework______(do).Thereisnotime______(lose).

todotolose(也可用tobedone)(也可用tobelost)(5).在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中。Thereisno48(6).一些作表語(yǔ)的不定式用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。常見的這類動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)et(出租