考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中央戲劇學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中央戲劇學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

42.人們學(xué)會(huì)了珍惜各自身上具有的一些品質(zhì)，正是這些品質(zhì)使群體生活愉悅美好。在這些品質(zhì)中，最重要的是同情。你若是殘忍地對(duì)待動(dòng)物，你就不大可能對(duì)其他人善良體貼。你若是對(duì)其他人體貼入微，你就不大可能殘忍冷漠地對(duì)待動(dòng)物。古代的智者寫道“仁者愛(ài)人及畜”，原因概出于此。善待動(dòng)物并不是說(shuō)我們永遠(yuǎn)不能讓動(dòng)物承受痛苦。人類自身就是在快樂(lè)中、也在痛苦中經(jīng)受鍛煉。因此，有時(shí)候也需要用懲罰來(lái)訓(xùn)練我們的狗和馬，使他們聽(tīng)從我們的指令。在醫(yī)生的手下，為了療好創(chuàng)傷或醫(yī)治疾病，我們得忍受痛苦。為了國(guó)家的利益，我們派遣最勇敢的人們直面創(chuàng)傷、疾病和死亡。同樣，我們讓戰(zhàn)馬和我們一起親冒矢石。

【答案】Peoplehavelearnedtovaluethequalitiesthateachofthempossessesthatmakegrouplifeenjoyable.Themostimportantofthesequalitiesiscompassion.Ifyouarecrueltoanimals,youarelesslikelytobekindtootherpeople.Ifyoutreatotherpeoplewithconsideration,youarelesslikelytotreatanimalswithcrueltyandinsensitivity.Thisiswhythewisemenofancienttimeswrotethat“benevolentmenlovetheiranimals.”Beingkindtoanimalsdoesnotmeanthatweshouldneverallowanimalstosuffer.Manhimselfisexercisedinpleasureaswellasinpain.Therefore,itissometimesnecessarytousepunishmenttotrainourdogsandhorsestoobeyourcommands.Underthehandsofadoctor,wehavetosufferinordertohealawoundorcureadisease.Wehavesentourbravestmenandwomentofacetrauma,diseaseanddeathinthefaceofwhatisgoodforourcountry.Inthesameway,weletourhorsesmarchwithusthroughthehailofbullets.

2.單選題

OnemotivationalanalystwhobecamecurioustoknowtherehadbeensuchagreatriseinimpulsebuyingatsupermarketswasJamesVicary.Hesuspectedthatsomespecialpsychologymustbegoingoninsidethewomenastheyshoppedinsupermarkets.Hissuspicionwasthatperhapstheyunderwentsuchanincreaseintensionwhenconfrontedwithsomanypossibilitiesthattheywereforcedintomakingquickpurchases.Hesetouttofindoutifthisweretrue.Thebestwaytodetectwhatwasgoingoninsidetheshopperwasthroughtheuseofagalvanometerorliedetector.Thatobviouslywasimpractical.Thenextbestthingwastouseahiddenmotion-picturecameraandrecordtheeye-blinkrateofthewomenastheyshopped.Howfastapersonblinkshiseyesisaprettygoodindexofhisstateofinnertension.Theaverageperson,accordingtoMr.Vicary,normallyblinkshiseyesabout32timesaminute.Ifheistense,heblinksthemmorefrequently;and,underextremetension,hemayblinkupto50or60timesaminute.Ifheisnotablyrelaxed,ontheotherhand,hiseye-blinkratemaydroptoasubnormaltwentyorless.

Mr.Vicarysetuphiscamerasandstartedfollowingtheladiesastheyenteredthestore.Theresultswerestartling,eventohim.Theireye-blinkrate,insteadofgoinguptoindicatemountingtension,wentdownanddown,toaverysubnormalfourteenblinksaminute.TheladiesfellintowhatMr.Vicarycallsahypnoidaltrance,alightkindoftrancethat,heexplains,isthefirststageofhypnosis.Mr.Vicaryhasdecidedthatthemaincauseofthetranceisthatthesupermarketispackedwithproductswhichinformeryearswouldhavebeenitemsonlykingsandqueenscouldhaveaffordedandhereinthisfairylandtheywereavailabletoall.Mr.Vicarytheorizes:’’Justwithinthisgeneration,anyonecanbeakingorqueenandgothroughthesestoreswheretheproductssay'buymebuyme”.

1.Vicary'scuriositywasarousedbythefactthat

（

）.

2.Accordingtothearticle,eye-blinkrateisanindicationof（

）.

3.Mr.Vicary’stest

（

）.

4.Afterhistests,Mr.Vicaryconcludedthat

（

）.

5.Thearticleimpliedbutnotstated（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.therewasadecreaseinsalesinsupermarkets

B.womenwereshowingstrongresistancetoproductsinsupermarkets

C.thereseemedtobenologicinwomen’sbuyinghabits

D.womenwereshoppingverycarefully

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thetruthorfalsityofastatement

B.thementalabilityofaperson

C.bloodpressure

D.theemotionalstateofaperson

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.provedhisoriginalhypothesistobetrue

B.provedthatthetensionofawomanshopper,afterenteringstore,decreasedratherthanincreased

C.nullifiedtheeye-blinkrateasameasurementoftension

D.showedthatawoman’sreactiontotheproductsinasupermarketisimpossibletodetermine.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.shoppingwasapttocreateseriousnervousdisorders

B.asupermarketisfantasticplace

C.womenareentrancedbythemanywonderfulitemsavailableinsupermarkets

D.womendevelopaninferioritycomplexwheninsupermarkets

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Quickpurchasesaretheresultofinnertension

B.Thefirststageofhypnosisisalighttrance

C.Researchconductedbymotivationanalysiscandisprovetheiroriginalpremises

D.Supermarketsseekingafairylandatmosphereshouldinstallhiddenmoviecameras

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段提到Vicaiy對(duì)女性沖動(dòng)購(gòu)物越來(lái)越好奇，從而想去探究一番，選項(xiàng)A“超市上銷量減少”，選項(xiàng)B“女性對(duì)超市產(chǎn)品表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈的抵制”，選項(xiàng)D“女性購(gòu)物很謹(jǐn)慎”，這三個(gè)都不是引發(fā)這位研究者好奇心的原因，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.文章第一段Howfastapersonblinkshiseyesisaprettygoodindexofhisstateofinnertension提到眨眼睛的頻率可以反映一個(gè)人內(nèi)心的緊張程度，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.文章第二段提到Vicary拿起了隱藏的攝像機(jī)，進(jìn)入了商店。通過(guò)實(shí)踐得知，并沒(méi)有像他預(yù)想的那樣，女性進(jìn)入商店后，她們的眨眼率沒(méi)有增加，而是減少了(theireye-blinkrate,insteadofgoinguptoindicatemountingtension,wentdownanddown,toaverysubnormalfourteenblinksaminute)，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.文章第二段提到女性進(jìn)入商店后，進(jìn)入了一種Vicarys稱之為催眠的狀態(tài)。Vicary認(rèn)為超市中擺滿了在以前只有王室才用得起的商品，而現(xiàn)在一般人都可以用，而這就是使女性進(jìn)入催眠的緣由，選項(xiàng)C“女性為超市里那些商品著迷”符合題意。

5.題干的要求是文章暗含了但是沒(méi)有寫出來(lái)的是什么。文章講述了Vicary出于對(duì)女性沖動(dòng)購(gòu)物的好奇而用影藏?cái)z像機(jī)在超市進(jìn)行跟拍，想根據(jù)女性購(gòu)物使眨眼的次數(shù)來(lái)判斷她們購(gòu)物時(shí)的緊張程度。但是跟他預(yù)期不同的是，她們眨眼的次數(shù)不但沒(méi)有上升，反而下降了，原因是女性在購(gòu)物的時(shí)候，全身放松，非常舒坦。所以這個(gè)結(jié)果推翻了原來(lái)的結(jié)論，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.填空題

Threebroadcategoriesofterroristcrimemaybedistinguished,notinlegalterms,butwithintention.

Foremostistheuseofviolenceandthethreatofviolencetocreatepublicfear.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Cwithintention改為byintention

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

【解題思路】根據(jù)bedistinguished，可知此句為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，byintention指的是通過(guò)意圖來(lái)區(qū)分。

【句意】恐怖主義犯罪的三大類可以通過(guò)意圖而不是法律術(shù)語(yǔ)加以區(qū)分。其中最重要的是使用暴力和暴力威脅來(lái)制造公眾恐懼。

4.單選題

Therearehiddenfactorswhichscientistscall“feedbackmechanisms”.Nooneknowsquitehowtheywillinteractwiththechangingclimate.Here’soneexample:plantsandanimalsadapttoclimatechangeovercenturies.Atthecurrentestimateofhalfadegreecentigradeofwarmingperdecade,vegetationmaynotkeepup.ClimatologistJamesHansenpredictsclimatezoneswillshifttowardthepolesby50to75kilometersayear―fasterthantreescannaturallymigrate.Speciesthatfindthemselvesinanunfamiliarenvironmentwilldie.The1000kilometer-widestripofforestrunningthroughCanada,theUSSR,andScandinaviacouldbecutbyhalf.Millionsofdyingtreeswouldsoonleadtomassiveforestfires,releasingtonsofC02andfurtherboostingglobalwarming.

Therearedozensofotherpossible“feedbackmechanisms”.Highertemperatureswillfuelcondensationandincreasecloudiness,whichmayactuallydampdownglobalwarming.Others,likethe“albedo”effect,willdotheopposite.The“albedo”effectistheamountofsolarenergyreflectedbytheearth'ssurface.Asnortherniceandsnowmeltsandthedarkerseaandlandpokesthrough,moreheatwillbeabsorbed,addingtotheglobaltemperatureincrease.

Evenifweweretomagicallystopallgreenhouse-gasemissionstomorrowtheimpactonglobalclimatewouldcontinuefordecades.Delaywillsimplymaketheproblemworse.Thefactisthatsomeofusaredoingquitewellthewaythingsare.Inthedevelopedworldprosperityhasbeenbuilton150yearsofcheapfossilfuels.

Materialprogresshasbeenlinkedtoenergyconsumption.Today75percentofalltheworld'senergyisconsumedbyaquarteroftheworld’spopulation.Theaveragerichworldresidentaddsabout3.2tonsofC02yearlytotheatmosphere,morethanfourtimestheleveladdedbyeachThirdWorldcitizen.TheUS,withjust7percentoftheglobalpopulation,isresponsiblefor22percentofglobalwarming.

1.“Feedbackmechanisms”inParagraph1mostprobablyreferto（

）.

2.JamesHansenpredictsthattheshiftofclimatezoneswillbeaccompaniedby（

）.

3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingisthemaintopicofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.howplantsandanimalsadapttohiddenfactors

B.howplantsandanimalsinteractwiththechangingclimate

C.howclimatechanges

D.howclimatezonesshift

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thecuttingofmanytrees

B.desirableenvironmentalchanges

C.successfulmigrationofspecies

D.unsuccessfulmigrationoftrees

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.somefeedbackmechanismsmayslowdownglobalwarming

B.thebasicfactsofglobalwarmingareunknown

C.developingcountriesbenefitfromcheapfossilfuels

D.developedcountrieshavedecidedtoreducetheirenergyconsumption?

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thedevelopingworldhasdecidedtoincreaseitsenergyconsumption

B.athird-worldcitizenaddslessthanatonofC02yearlytotheatmosphere

C.theworldclimatewouldsoongainitsbalanceifwestoppedgreenhouse-gasemissions

D.futureprosperityoftheworldisdependentoncheapfossilfuels

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.MaterialProgressandEnergyConsumption.

B.ProsperityandCheapFossilFuels.

C.ImpactofGlobalWarmingonClimate.

D.PlantsandAnimalsintheChangingClimate.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段，作者舉出了植物和動(dòng)物適應(yīng)氣候變化的例子。氣溫上升可能對(duì)植被的生長(zhǎng)帶來(lái)不利影響，氣候區(qū)的移動(dòng)會(huì)使處于陌生環(huán)境下的物種死亡。瀕臨死亡的植被會(huì)引發(fā)火災(zāi)釋放大量的二氧化碳，從而進(jìn)一步加劇全球變暖。可判斷出第一段主要討論了動(dòng)植物和氣候變化之間的相互作用和相互關(guān)系。所謂的“反饋機(jī)制”就是這種相互作用的關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“ClimatologistJamesHansenpredictsclimatezoneswillshifttowardthepolesby50to75kilometersayear―fasterthantreescannaturallymigrate.Speciesthatfindthemselvesinanunfamiliarenvironmentwilldie.”，可知?dú)夂驅(qū)W家詹姆斯?漢森預(yù)測(cè)，氣候區(qū)將以每年50至75公里的速度向兩極移動(dòng)，比樹(shù)的自然移動(dòng)速度要快。而且發(fā)現(xiàn)自己身處陌生環(huán)境的物種將會(huì)死亡?？膳袛喑稣材匪?漢森預(yù)測(cè)，氣候區(qū)域的變化將伴隨著樹(shù)木不成功地遷移。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Therearedozensofotherpossible‘feedbackmechanisms’.Highertemperatureswillfuelcondensationandincreasecloudiness,whichmayactuallydampdownglobalwarming.”，可知還有許多其他的反饋機(jī)制。更高的溫度將加劇凝結(jié)并增加云層，這實(shí)際上可能會(huì)減緩全球變暖?？膳袛喑鲆恍┓答仚C(jī)制可能會(huì)減緩全球變暖。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Theaveragerichworldresidentaddsabout3.2tonsofC02yearlytotheatmosphere,morethanfourtimestheleveladdedbyeachThirdWorldcitizen.”，可知富裕國(guó)家居民平均每年向大氣中排放3.2噸二氧化碳，是第三世界居民人均排放量的四倍多?？膳袛喑鲆粋€(gè)第三世界國(guó)家的居民每年向大氣中排放的二氧化碳還不到一噸。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.主旨大意題?？v觀全文，文章第一段主要討論了動(dòng)植物和全球氣候變暖之間的相互作用和相互關(guān)系，著重討論氣候變暖給動(dòng)植物帶來(lái)的影響。第二段主要提到有些反饋機(jī)制也能減緩全球變暖，而有些反饋機(jī)制會(huì)加快氣溫上升。最后提到富國(guó)比第三世界國(guó)家的二氧化碳排放量要更多，這是因?yàn)槲镔|(zhì)進(jìn)步與能源消耗有關(guān)。綜上所述，整篇文章主題為全球變暖對(duì)氣候的影響。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

After（

）seemedanendlesswait,itwashisturntoenterthepersonnelmanager’soffice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.it

C.what

D.there

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞性從句。分析句子，可知句中缺少主語(yǔ)，因此用what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句并在句中作主語(yǔ)；that在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分。

句意：在漫長(zhǎng)的等待之后，輪到他進(jìn)入人事經(jīng)理辦公室了。

6.單選題

The______ofmaterialismhasdominatedthethinkingofyoungpeopleandledthemtopursueasmuchpersonalgainsaspossible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lure

B.tempt

C.seduce

D.induce

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.lure吸引力；誘惑力n.B.tempt引誘；誘惑v.

C.seduce誘奸v.D.induce勸說(shuō)；誘使v.

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞和動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，The______ofmaterialism是句子的主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該為名詞、代詞或名詞性短語(yǔ)，所以空格處要填入一個(gè)名詞，故只有A項(xiàng)符合條件。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)都是動(dòng)詞，不符合句子語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。

【句意】物質(zhì)主義的誘惑主導(dǎo)了年輕人的思想，使他們盡可能地追求個(gè)人利益。

7.單選題

（）onlyonemovingsoulinthecenterofalltheorbitsthatisthesunwhichdrivestheplanetsthemorevigorouslytheclosertheplanetis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Asexists

B.Althoughexisting

C.Thereexists

D.Whereexisting

【答案】C

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。C選項(xiàng)的thereexist是therebe句型的變形。需認(rèn)清句中關(guān)系詞that的先行詞是onemovingsoul。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

Itwouldbe（）tothinkthatthiscouldsolveallthearea’sproblemsstraightaway.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.subtle

B.feeble

C.nasty

D.naive

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。subtle“微妙的，精細(xì)的”；feeble“微弱的，無(wú)力的”；nasty“骯臟的”；naive“天真的”。句意：以為那樣便可以解決這個(gè)領(lǐng)域所有問(wèn)題真的是太天真了。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Onlineprogramstofightdepressionarealreadycommerciallyavailable.Whiletheysoundefficientandcost-saving,arecentstudyreportsthattheyarenoteffective,primarilybecausedepressedpatientsarenotlikelytoengagewiththemorstickwiththem.

Thestudylookedatcomputer-assistedcognitive(認(rèn)知的)behavioraltherapy(CBT)andfoundthatitwasnomoreeffectiveintreatingdepressionthantheusualcarepatientsreceivefromaprimarycaredoctor.

TraditionalCBTisconsideredaneffectiveformoftalktherapyfordepression,helpingpeoplechallengenegativethoughtsandchangethewaytheythinkinordertochangetheirmoodandbehaviors.However,onlineCBTprogramshavebeengainingpopularity,withtheattractionofprovidinglow-costhelpwhereversomeonehasaccesstoacomputer.

AteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofYorkconductedarandomized(隨機(jī)的)controltrialwith691depressedpatientsfrom83physicianpracticesacrossEngland.Thepatientsweresplitintothreegroups:onegroupreceivedonlyusualcarefromaphysicianwhiletheothertwogroupsreceivedusualcarefromaphysicianplusoneoftwocomputerizedCBTprograms.Participantswerebalancedacrossthethreegroupsforage,sex,educationalbackground,severityanddurationofdepression,anduseofantidepressants(抗抑郁藥).

Afterfourmonths,thepatientsusingthecomputerizedCBTprogramshadnoimprovementindepressionlevelsoverthepatientswhowereonlygettingusualcarefromtheirdoctors.

“It’sanimportant,cautionarynotethatweshouldn’tgettoocarriedawaywiththeideathatacomputersystemcanreplacedoctorsandtherapists,”saysChristopherDowrick,aprofessorofprimarymedicalcareattheUniversityofLiverpool.“Wedostillneedthehumantouchorthehumaninteraction,particularlywhenpeoplearedepressed.”

Beingdepressedcanmeanfeeling“l(fā)ostinyourownsmall,negative,darkworld,”Dowricksays.Havingaperson,insteadofacomputer,reachouttoyouisparticularlyimportantincombatingthatsenseofisolation.“Whenyou’reemotionallyvulnerable,you’reevenmoreinneedofacaringhumanbeing,”hesays.

1.WhatdoestherecentstudysayaboutonlineCBTprograms?

2.WhathasmadeonlineCBTprogramsincreasinglypopular?

3.WhatisthemajorfindingbyresearchersattheUniversityofYork?

4.WhatisProfessorDowrick’sadviceconcerningonlineCBTprograms?

5.Whatismoreimportanttoanemotionallyvulnerableperson?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Patientsmaynotbeabletocarrythemthroughforeffectivecure.

B.Patientscannotengagewiththemwithouttheuseofacomputer.

C.Theycansavepatientstroublevisitingphysicians.

D.Theyhavebeenwellreceivedbyalotofpatients.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theireffectivenessincombatingdepression.

B.Thelowefficiencyoftraditionaltalktherapy.

C.Theireasyandinexpensiveaccessbypatients.

D.Therecommendationbyprimarycaredoctors.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.OnlineCBTprogramsarenomoreeffectivethanregularcarefromphysicians.

B.Theprocessoftreatingdepressionisoftenmorecomplicatedthananticipated.

C.ThecombinationoftraditionalCBTandcomputerizedCBTismosteffective.

D.Depressionisamentalconditionwhichistobetreatedwithextremecaution.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyshouldnotbeneglectedinprimarycare.

B.Theireffectivenessshouldnotbeoverestimated.

C.Theyshouldbeusedbystrictlyfollowinginstructions.

D.Theiruseshouldbeencouragedbydoctorsandtherapists.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Apositivestateofmind.

B.Appropriatemedication.

C.Timelyencouragement.

D.Humaninteraction.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“最近的研究對(duì)在線認(rèn)知行為療法項(xiàng)目說(shuō)了什么？”。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞recentstudy和onlineCBT定位到文章第一段第二句arecentstudyreportsthattheyarenoteffective,primarilybecausedepressedpatientsarenotlikelytoengagewiththemorstickwiththem.（最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明它們并不有效，主要是因?yàn)橐钟舭Y患者不太可能與它們接觸或堅(jiān)持使用），結(jié)合第二段foundthatitwasnomoreeffectiveintreatingdepressionthantheusualcarepatientsreceivefromaprimarycaredoctor（發(fā)現(xiàn)它對(duì)抑郁癥的治療效果并不比初級(jí)保健醫(yī)生給患者提供的普通護(hù)理更有效），由此可知，在線CBT項(xiàng)目并不比醫(yī)生提供的護(hù)理更有效，而且抑郁癥患者不太會(huì)與之建立有意義的聯(lián)系或者堅(jiān)持使用，所以A項(xiàng)“病人或許不能為了有效治療而堅(jiān)持到最后”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“如果不使用電腦，患者就無(wú)法與它們交流”，原文提到的是患者不太可能和它們交流，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)“它們可以省去病人去看醫(yī)生的麻煩”和D項(xiàng)“它們得到了很多患者的好評(píng)”在這兩段沒(méi)有提及。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“是什么讓在線CBT項(xiàng)目越來(lái)越受歡迎？”。根據(jù)第三段最后一句However,onlineCBTprogramshavebeengainingpopularity,withtheattractionofprovidinglow-costhelpwhereversomeonehasaccesstoacomputer.（然而，在線CBT項(xiàng)目越來(lái)越受歡迎，因?yàn)樗梢栽谌魏慰梢允褂秒娔X的地方提供低成本的幫助）可知，在線CBT項(xiàng)目越來(lái)越受歡迎是因?yàn)橹灰褂秒娔X，就可以獲得低成本的幫助，故C項(xiàng)“病人可以方便和便宜地獲得它們”正確。A項(xiàng)“它們對(duì)抗抑郁癥的有效性”，文章前兩段還提到了在線CBT項(xiàng)目對(duì)抑郁癥的治療效果并不比初級(jí)保健醫(yī)生給患者提供的普通護(hù)理更有效，所以A項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤；第三段第一句提到TraditionalCBTisconsideredaneffectiveformoftalktherapyfordepression（傳統(tǒng)的CBT被認(rèn)為是治療抑郁癥的一種有效的談話療法）可知B項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)談話療法的低效率”錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“初級(jí)保健醫(yī)生的建議”文中沒(méi)有提及。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“約克大學(xué)研究人員的主要發(fā)現(xiàn)是什么？”。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段，該段介紹了這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的內(nèi)容，接著第五段講述了這個(gè)研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)，Afterfourmonths,thepatientsusingthecomputerizedCBTprogramshadnoimprovementindepressionlevelsoverthepatientswhowereonlygettingusualcarefromtheirdoctors.（四個(gè)月后，使用計(jì)算機(jī)化的CBT程序的患者的抑郁水平?jīng)]有比只接受醫(yī)生常規(guī)治療的患者有所改善）可知，A項(xiàng)“在線CBT項(xiàng)目并不比醫(yī)生的常規(guī)護(hù)理更有效”正確。B項(xiàng)“治療抑郁癥的過(guò)程往往比預(yù)期的更復(fù)雜”和D項(xiàng)“抑郁是一種精神狀況，需要極其謹(jǐn)慎的治療”在這兩段沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)；C項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)CBT與計(jì)算機(jī)化CBT相結(jié)合是最有效的”，該項(xiàng)是無(wú)中生有，文章并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)兩種CBT結(jié)合治療的有效性。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“關(guān)于在線CBT項(xiàng)目，多瑞克教授有什么建議？”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第六段，“It’sanimportant,cautionarynotethatweshouldn’tgettoocarriedawaywiththeideathatacomputersystemcanreplacedoctorsandtherapists,”saysChristopherDowrick…“Wedostillneedthehumantouchorthehumaninteraction,particularlywhenpeoplearedepressed.”（多瑞克說(shuō)：“這是一個(gè)重要的警示，我們不應(yīng)該過(guò)度沉迷于計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)可以取代醫(yī)生和治療師的想法，我們?nèi)匀恍枰伺c人之間的接觸或互動(dòng)，尤其是在人們抑郁的時(shí)候”），由此我們可知，多瑞克教授認(rèn)為治療抑郁癥仍然需要人與人的面對(duì)面交流，不應(yīng)純粹的依賴計(jì)算機(jī)，因?yàn)樗鼈兊男Я](méi)有想象的高，所以B項(xiàng)“它們的效力不應(yīng)該被高估”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“在初級(jí)保健中不應(yīng)忽視它們”和D項(xiàng)“醫(yī)生和治療師應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)使用它們”內(nèi)容與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該嚴(yán)格按照說(shuō)明書使用它們”文章沒(méi)有提到。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“對(duì)一個(gè)情感脆弱的人來(lái)說(shuō)，什么更重要？”。文章最后一句話提到Whenyou’reemotionallyvulnerable,you’reevenmoreinneedofacaringhumanbeing.（當(dāng)你情緒脆弱時(shí)，你更需要有人關(guān)心你），可知對(duì)一個(gè)情感脆弱的人來(lái)說(shuō)，人們之間的交流和關(guān)心是最重要的，所以D項(xiàng)“人際互動(dòng)”正確。A項(xiàng)“積極的心態(tài)”和B項(xiàng)“適當(dāng)?shù)乃幬铩辈环显囊馑迹籆項(xiàng)“及時(shí)鼓勵(lì)”只是其中一個(gè)方面，太片面。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Ofrecentinventions,itisperhapsthemotorcarwhichhas

ourlivesmorethananythingelse.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transformed

B.transmitted

C.transferred

D.transplanted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。transformed“轉(zhuǎn)變”；transmitted“傳輸”；transferred“轉(zhuǎn)移”；transplanted“移植”。句意：在最近的發(fā)明中，也許汽車比其他任何東西都更能改變我們的生活。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

11.單選題

The（

）ofmedicalknowledgeisbeingpushedfartheronwardsastimegoeson

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.potential

B.multitude

C.frontier

D.leap

【答案】C

【解析】句意:隨著時(shí)間的推移,醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)的前沿正在向前推進(jìn)。只有選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

12.單選題

Culturecannotbesimplyamatterofpolitics,ofcourse.[l]Politics,afterall,isconcernedwithinfluencingtheinstitutionsofthestateandtheseareoflimiteduseinaffectingtheculture.Noteventhetotalitarianstatehasbeenabletoachievetheculturalgoalsitsetitself,thedemocraticstateisanevenlesslikelyagentofculturalchange,andindeed,intheAmericantraditionofdemocracy,itshouldnotaimtobethat.Consequently,aculturalagendacannotbeapoliticalagendaonly.Itwillhavetobepursuedinmanydifferentinstitutions,mostimportantlyintheinstitutionsofcivilsociety.Allthesame,everyoneofthemajorculturalissuesisalsoapoliticalissue,becauseofthewayinwhichtheimmensepowersofthestatehavebeenusedtopromotevariousideologicalpurposes.Thecourtshaveplayedaquitedeplorableroleinthis.[2]Notsurprisingly,thentouchofAmericanpoliticsinrecentdecadeshasbeenovertheso-called"social"or"values"issues,whichineffectareculturalissues.Thatis,theseissueshaveinvolvedconflictsoverthequestionsofwhoweareandhowwearetolivetogether.

[3]Thedynamicsofthetwo-partysystemhasbeenveryunhelpfulinthesearchforviablepositionsonthemiddleground.[4]Sincetheearlynineteen-seventiestheDemocraticPartyhasalmostcompletelyidentifieditselfwiththeagendaoftheculturalLeft(considerablylesssowithotherLeftpositions,suchasthoseoneconomicorforeignpolicy).Giventheimportanceofhighlyorganizedpressuregroups,especiallyintheprimaryprocess,thecaptivityoftheDemocraticPartytothecultureof"thesixties"hasbeenmassive.TheRepublicanpictureishardlymoreencouraging.Anincreasinglyvocalsegmentofthatparty'sconstituencyhastakenradicallyanti-"progressive"positionsontheculturalissues.Andagain,thesegroupshavehadaninfluencefarbeyondtheirnumericalstrengthbecauseoftheirstrategicroleinthemechanicsofelections,especiallyontileprimarylevel.[5]Consequently,individualstakinglessthan"politicallycorrect"positions,asdefinedbytherespectiveorthodoxies,havefoundthemselvestobepariahsineitherparty.ItissafetoassumethatbothDemocraticandRepublicanleadershavecateredtothesepolarizedgroupingsinamoreorlesscynicalmanner.[6]Thus,forinstance,traditionallyDemocraticlaborofficialsarenotverycrediblewhentheyexpressenthusiasmforgayrights,neitherare"country-club"Republicanswhentheyvoiceoutrageoverabortionorthedeclineofsexualmorality.

1.Accordingtothepassage,“everyoneofthemajorculturalissuesisalsoapoliticalissue”owingtothefactthat______.

2.Theauthordeemsthat______.

3.Allofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetwo-partysystemareimpliedinthepassageEXCEPTthat______.

4.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith______.

5.Theword"credible"inthelastsentenceprobablymeans______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.culturesimplyexpressesitselfasamatterofpolitics

B.cultureplaysdifferentrolesindifferentstates

C.politicalpartiesusecultureasatooltopromotetheirideologies

D.politicianssetculturalgoalsandthuschangecultureattheirpleasure

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Americancourts,ineffect,servethepurposeofdemocracy

B."social"or"value"issuesinrecentdecadesarenomorethancultureissues

C.cultureinfluencestheinstitutionsofthestate

D.aculturalagendasimplyreflectstheaimsofthecurrentadministration

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.neitherpartyobjectivelystandsonthemiddlegroundonculturalissues

B.eitherpartyrejectsthosewhoholddifferentpoliticalviewpoints

C.theRepublicanPartyhasbeenidentifiedastheright-wingparty

D.bothDemocratic'andRepublicanleadersarehypocriticalinpromotingculturalprogress

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theoperationofthetwo-partysystem

B.cultureinapoliticalsense

C.cultureindifferentinstitutions

D.culturalagendaofdietwoparties

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.deservingtobebelieved

B.deservingpraiseorapproval

C.capableofbeingrealized

D.capableofbeingrespected

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“Allthesame,everyoneofthemajorculturalissuesisalsoapoliticalissue,becauseofthewayinwhichtheimmensepowersofthestatehavebeenusedtopromotevariousideologicalpurposes.”因?yàn)閲?guó)家的巨大權(quán)力被用來(lái)促進(jìn)各種意識(shí)形態(tài)的目的。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第一段“Thecourtshaveplayedaquitedeplorableroleinthis.”選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第三句“...theso-called"social"or"values"issues,whichineffectareculturalissues.”不僅僅是文化問(wèn)題,所以選項(xiàng)B也錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)C符合原文,選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有提及。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Thedynamicsofthetwo-partysystemhasbeenveryunhelpfulinthesearchforviablepositionsonthemiddleground.”可知選項(xiàng)A正確；根據(jù)第二段“Consequently,individualstakinglessthan"politicallycorrect"positions,asdefinedbytherespectiveorthodoxies,havefoundthemselvestobepariahsineitherparty.”可知選項(xiàng)B正確；根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第二句“ItissafetoassumethatbothDemocraticandRepublicanleadershavecateredtothesepolarizedgroupingsinamoreorlesscynicalmanner.”可知選項(xiàng)D正確,只要選項(xiàng)C在文中未提及。

4.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知。本文的兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞是政治和文化,所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.credible指值得被相信的,選項(xiàng)A正確。

13.單選題

Intoday’scompetitivejobmarket,people,especiallyyoungmenarerequiredtobeaggressiveandindustrious.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.invasive

B.belligerent

C.progressive

D.enterprising

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)invasive“侵入的”；B選項(xiàng)belligerent“好戰(zhàn)的”；C選項(xiàng)progressive“進(jìn)步的”；D選項(xiàng)enterprising“有進(jìn)取心的”。句意：在當(dāng)今競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的就業(yè)市場(chǎng)上，人們，尤其是年輕人需要有進(jìn)取心和勤奮。劃線部分aggressive是有進(jìn)取心的意思。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Thewordofscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning.Ontheotherhand,itsdefinitionisdifficultformanypeople.Themeaningofthetermisconfusing,buteveryoneshouldunderstanditsmeaningandobjectives.Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge.

Eveninthetruesciencesdistinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.Forthisreasongreatcareshouldbetakentodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths.Thereisnodangeraslongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.Fromthesepositionsthescientistcontinuestoexperimentandobserveuntiltheyareprovedordiscredited.Theexactstatusofanyexplanationshouldbeclearlylabeledtoavoidconfusion.Theobjectivesofscienceareprimarilythediscoveryandthesubsequentunderstandingoftheunknown.Mancannotbesatisfiedwithrecognizingthatsecretsexistinnatureorthatquestionsareunanswerable;hemustsolvethem.Towardthatendspecialistsinthefieldofbiologyandrelatedfieldsofinterestaredirectingmuchoftheirtimeandenergy.

Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotheraimedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposes---forinstance,improvinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputtoeconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredtoasappliedscience.

Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.Chemistsresponsibleformanyofthediscoveriescouldhardlyhaveanticipatedthattheirfindingswouldonedayresultinapplicationsofsuchapracticalnatureasthosedirectlyrelatedtolifeanddeath.Thediscoveryofonebitofinformationopensthedoorofthediscoveryofanother.Somediscoveriesseemsosimplethatoneisamazedtheywerenotmadeyearsago:howeveroneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell.Thehostsofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries;theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.

1.Whichofthefollowingsentencesaboutpurescienceistrue?

2.Ascientistinterestedingeneralknowledgeaboutoxygenwouldprobablycallthisapproach（

）.

3.WhichoftheFollowingdoestheauthorimply?

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itmayleadtoantiscientific,"impure"results.

B