考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣東財(cái)貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廣東財(cái)貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Lawyersoftenmakehigher（）fortheworkthantheyshould.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bills

B.charges

C.costs

D.prices

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)bills“賬單”；B選項(xiàng)charges“費(fèi)用”；C選項(xiàng)costs“成本”；D選項(xiàng)prices“價(jià)格”。句意：律師經(jīng)常收取比他們應(yīng)得的更高的費(fèi)用。makechargesfor是固定搭配，意思是“對(duì)……收費(fèi)；索價(jià)”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

WhenJackwaseighteenhe（

）goingaroundwithastrangesetofpeopleandstayingoutverylate.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tookto

B.tookup

C.tookfor

D.tookon

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)taketo“喜歡”；B選項(xiàng)takeup“開(kāi)始從事”；C選項(xiàng)takefor“認(rèn)為，當(dāng)作”；D選項(xiàng)takeon“承擔(dān)”。根據(jù)句意可知A選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。句意：杰克十八歲時(shí)喜歡跟一群奇怪的人混在一起，常常在外面待到很晚才回來(lái)。

3.寫作題

Differentpeoplehavedifferentideasabout“future”.Somepeopleunderstanditaspainanddeath;somebelieveitmeanshopeandexpectation;stillothersregarditassomewhereyoureachwithinanhourofsixtyminutes.Whatisyourownideaandhowwouldyousupportit?Writeacompositionaboutitofatleast150words.Youcaneitherusethegiventitle“FUTURE”,ormakesomeslightchangesasyoulike.

【答案】MyFuture4.單選題

YoucanarriveinLondonearlierforthemeeting（）youdon’tmindtakingthenighttrain.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.provided

B.unless

C.though

D.until

【答案】A

【解析】考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)provided“假如，倘若”；B選項(xiàng)unless“除非”；C選項(xiàng)though“盡管”；D選項(xiàng)until“直到”。根據(jù)句意：如果你不介意坐晚上的火車，那么你可以早點(diǎn)到達(dá)倫敦開(kāi)會(huì)。后者是前者的條件，所以填入表示條件的連詞provided,選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.單選題

Thislaw___thenumberofaccidentscausedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intendsreducing

B.intendstobereduced

C.isintendedtoreduce

D.isintendedreducing

【答案】C

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。本句主語(yǔ)為Thislaw，賓語(yǔ)為：thenumberofaccidents，causedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)修飾先行詞accidents，定語(yǔ)中包含了一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，句意：這項(xiàng)法律___兒童下車時(shí)跑過(guò)馬路造成的事故數(shù)量。由基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處需要填入謂語(yǔ)，intend“打算；想要；意指”，結(jié)合主語(yǔ)，法律不會(huì)主動(dòng)做某事，可至空格需要填入被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除A，B；最后根據(jù)固定搭配intendtodosth.“想要做；想要做某事”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Youngsterswhodrinkandsmoke,andareoftenabsentfromschoolarefarmorelikelytobe（）fromschool.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.induced

B.disobeyed

C.expelled

D.forbidden

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A,B,D都不能與介詞from搭配應(yīng)用。beexpelledfromschool意為被學(xué)校開(kāi)除,符合句意。句意：酗酒、吸煙、經(jīng)常曠課的青少年更有可能被學(xué)校開(kāi)除。

7.單選題

Afteran（）tourperformance,theactressdecidedtoflytoHawaiitohaveafullrelaxation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.generous

B.exhausting

C.favorite

D.numerous

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)generous“慷慨的，大方的”；B選項(xiàng)exhausting“使人筋疲力盡的”；C選項(xiàng)favorite“最受喜愛(ài)的”；D選項(xiàng)numerous“許多的”。句意：在一場(chǎng)使人筋疲力盡的巡回演唱會(huì)之后，這位女演員決定飛往夏威夷度假放松。根據(jù)句意女演員決定飛往夏威夷度假放松可知前面的演唱會(huì)讓人筋疲力盡所以才想要放松。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Formostofus,workisthecentral,dominatingfactoroflife.Wespendmorethanhalfourconscioushoursatwork,preparingforwork,travelingtoandfromwork.Whatwedotherelargelydeterminesourstandardoflivingandtoaconsiderableextentthestatusweareaccordedbyourfellowcitizensaswell.Itissometimessaidthatbecauseleisurehasbecomemoreimportant,theindignitiesandinjusticesofworkcanbepushedintoacorner;thatbecausemoreworkisprettyintolerable,thepeoplewhodoitshouldcompensateforitsboredom,frustrationsandhumiliationsbyconcentratingtheirhopesontheotherpartsoftheirlives.Irejectthatasacounselofdespair.Fortheforeseeablefuturethematerialandpsychologicalrewardswhichworkcanprovide,andtheconditionsinwhichworkisdone,willcontinuetoplayavitalpartindeterminingthesatisfactionthatlifecanoffer.Yetonlyasmallminoritycancontrolthepaceatwhichtheyworkortheconditionsinwhichtheirworkisdone;onlyforasmallminoritydoesworkofferscopeforcreativity,imagination,orinitiative.

Inequalityatworkandinworkisstilloneofthecruelestandmostglaringformsofinequalityinoursociety.Wecannothopetosolvethemoreobviousproblemsofindustriallife,manyofwhicharisedirectlyorindirectlyfromtheinequalityatwork.Stilllesscanwehopetocreateadecentandhumanesociety.

Themostglaringinequalityisthatbetweenmanagersandtherest.Formostmanagers,workisanopportunityandachallenge.Theirjobsengagetheirinterestandallowthemtodeveloptheirabilities.Theyareabletoexerciseresponsibility;theyhaveaconsiderabledegreeofcontrolovertheirownandtheothers’workinglives.Mostimportantofall,theyhavetheopportunitytoinitiate.Bycontrast,formostmanualworkers,workisaboring,monotonous,evenpainfulexperience.Theyspendalltheirworkinglivesinconditionswhichwouldberegardedasintolerableforthemselvesbythosewhotakethedecisionswhichletsuchconditionscontinue.Themajorityhavelittlecontrolovertheirwork;itprovidesthemwithnoopportunityforpersonaldevelopment.Oftenproductionissodesignedthatworkersaresimplypartofthetechnology.Inoffices,manyjobsaresoroutinethatworkersjustifiablyfeelthemselvestobemerecogsinthebureaucraticmachine.Asadirectconsequenceoftheirworkexperience,manyworkersfeelalienatedfromtheirworkandtheirfirm,whetheritisinpublicorinprivateownership.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,it’strueaboutworkthat（

）

.

2.Whatadvantagedomanagershaveovertheotherworkers?

3.Workingconditionsgenerallyremainbadbecause（

）.

4.Whatfrustratestheworkersinamodernsociety?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.one’shappylifelargelydependsonwhetherhisworkisrewarding

B.concentratingonyourworkisacounselwhenyouareindespair

C.peopleshouldtrytoavoidtheintolerableunfairnessofwork

D.dignitybecomesmoreandmoreimportantthanwork

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theycancontrolotherpeople’slives.

B.Theycanmaketheirowndecisions.

C.Theycanworkatwhateverintereststhem.

D.Theycangettimeofftoattendcourses.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theworkerslosetheirintereststochangethem

B.fewpeoplecandecidewhattodoaboutthem

C.officeworkerswanttoprotecttheirpositions

D.managersdonotwanttochangethem

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theirworkinterfereswiththeirprivatelives.

B.Theyareincapableofdoingtheirworkproperly.

C.Theyfeeltheyarejustasmallandsubordinatepartofit.

D.Theirlivesarecomplicatedduetotechnologicaladvances.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Fortheforeseeablefuture...thesatisfactionthatlifecanoffer.”在可預(yù)見(jiàn)的將來(lái),工作所能提供的物質(zhì)和精神回報(bào)以及工作環(huán)境,將繼續(xù)在決定生活所能提供的滿意度方面發(fā)揮重要作用。也就是說(shuō),一個(gè)人的幸福生活在很大程度上取決于他的工作是否有回報(bào)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第三段的三四句“Theirjobsengagetheirinterest...theothers’workinglives.”他們對(duì)自己的工作感興趣,能夠發(fā)揮自己的才能。他們能夠履行職責(zé);對(duì)自己和他人的工作有相當(dāng)大的控制權(quán)。由此可以推斷,經(jīng)理的優(yōu)勢(shì)就是可以自己做決定,選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第三段“Theyspendalltheirworkinglivesinconditionswhichwouldberegardedasintolerableforthemselvesbythosewhotakethedecisionswhichletsuchconditionscontinue.”他們所有的工作生活都是在一種他們認(rèn)為無(wú)法忍受的條件下度過(guò)的,而作出決定的人卻讓這種條件繼續(xù)下去。這里“作出決定的人”指的就是經(jīng)理,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.根據(jù)第三段最后幾句,大多數(shù)人對(duì)自己的工作幾乎沒(méi)有控制權(quán);沒(méi)有個(gè)人發(fā)展的機(jī)會(huì)。通常生產(chǎn)是如此設(shè)計(jì)的,工人只是技術(shù)的一部分。在辦公室里,許多工作都是例行公事,以至于工人們理所當(dāng)然地覺(jué)得自己只是官僚機(jī)器的齒輪。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

9.單選題

ThewidespreadadoptionoftheInternetandtheWebmakesitpossibletoadministerquestionnairesurveyselectronically,potentiallyachievingmuchgreatercost-effectivenessandpermittingtheintegrationofdatafrommanysources.Atthesametime,therearesignificanttechnicalchallengesthatmustbemet,especiallyintheareasoflogisticsandsampling.Recognizingtheneedforinnovationinthisandrelatedareas,theNSFMethodology,Measurement,andStatisticsProgram,incollaborationwithaconsortiumoffederalstatisticalagenciesrepresentedbytheInteragencyCouncilofStatisticalPolicyandtheFederalCommitteeonStatisticalMethodology,hasheldaspecialcompetitiononsurveyresearchmethods.Includedamongthetopicareasinthecompetitionannouncementis“secureandeasy-to-usemethodsofcollectingsurveydataviatheWeb”.

Today’sleadingsocialscientificsurveysareveryexpensiveinterviewstudiesofnationalsamples.Forexample,theGSSadministersa90-minuteface-to-faceinterviewto1,500Americanadultsatacostofabout$500perinterview.However,therespondentsarenotatotalrandomsamplebecausecostconsiderationswithrespecttotheinterviewer’stravelrequirethatrespondentsberecruitedinalimitednumberofgeographicclusters,andthereisnolistofresidentsfromwhicharandomsamplecouldbedrawn.Thesmallnumberofgeographicareassurveyedlimitsscientists’abilitytolinkGSSdatatoothergeographicallybaseddatasuchastheU.S.census.BecauseofthehighcostandmanyresearchcommunitiesthatseektimeintheGSS,itisimpossibletoincludemorethanahandfulofquestionsonanyparticulartopic.ThispreventstheGSSfromemployingmuchofthebestmethodologyofmeasurementscaleconstruction,whichrequiresinclusionofalargenumberofitems.SurveysliketheGSSwillbeneededinfuturedecadestochartthechangingsocialeconomic,andpoliticalconditionsoftheAmericanpublic.Butmanytypesofsocialsciencewilladvancemorerapidlythroughsurveysadministeredovertheweb.

Web-basedsurveyscanreachverylargenumbersofrespondentsatlowcost.Theywillbegeographicallydispersedsothattheirdatacanbelinkedtothecensustolocaleconomicinformation,andtodatafromotherweb-basedsurveys.Itmightnotbepossibletoholdtheinterviewees’interestforthefull90-minutequestionnaireoftheGSS,butshorterdurationsurveysadministeredtoverylargenumbersofrespondentscanintheaggregateincludefarmoreitems,therebypermittingmuchfinermeasurementofscientificallyinterestingvariables.ThehighcostofmajornationalsurveysgenerallyhasrestrictedthetopicstudiedtothosethatespeciallyrequirehighlyrepresentativesamplessuchasfamilystructureandeconomicstatusinthePanelStudyofIncomeDynamicsandvotingbehaviorintheAmericanNationalElectionStudy,datafrombothofwhicharenowfreelyavailableovertheweb.Avastarrayofotherscientificresearchareas,therefore,havelanguishedformanyyearswithoutthelarge-scalesurveydatathatwouldpermitknowledgetoprogress.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichisNotTrueofsurveysviatheWeb?

2.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout____.

3.Whatmakestraditionalsurveysunscientificaccordingtothesecondparagraph?

4.TheauthorfirmlybelievesthatWeb-basedsurveyswill____.

5.Itisimpliedinthelastsentencethat____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyreducethecostinvolvedindatacollection.

B.Theyaresecureandeasy-to-useincollectingdata.

C.Theyprovidemoreconvincingconclusionsonthemattersurveyed.

D.Theyfacefiercecompetitionsfromthetraditionalsurveymethods.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thedifferencesbetweentheWeb-basedandtraditionalsurveys

B.theadvantagesoftheWeb-basedsurveys

C.theweaknessesofthetraditionalsurveys

D.thecostinvolvedinconductingtraditionalsurveys

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thesamplingisnotmadestrictlyrandomly.

B.Theinterviewhastobeconductedface-to-face.

C.Improperquestionsareoftenincludedinasurvey.

D.Selectionofrespondentsisoftenamatterofpersonaldecision.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.enhancetheeconomicstatusofanation

B.promotetheprogressofsocialsciences

C.changesocial,economicandpoliticalconditionsofthepublic

D.holdtheinterviewees’interestlongerthantraditionalsurveys

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.manyscientificareasstopmakingbreakthroughsforlackofeffectivedatacollection

B.scientificresearchstillmakesprogresswithoutlarge-scalesurveydata

C.theprogressofknowledgedependsonachievementsmadebyallareasofsciencetogether

D.scientificresearchhasmadelittleprogressbeforethewidespreadadoptionoftheInternet

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,whichisNotTrueofsurveysviatheWeb?根據(jù)文章，下列哪個(gè)不是對(duì)通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行調(diào)查的正確表述？

A.Theyreducethecostinvolvedindatacollection.A.它們降低了數(shù)據(jù)收集的成本。

B.Theyaresecureandeasy-to-useincollectingdata.B.在收集數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，它們安全且易于使用。

C.Theyprovidemoreconvincingconclusionsonthemattersurveyed.C.它們對(duì)調(diào)查的問(wèn)題提供了更有說(shuō)服力的結(jié)論。

D.Theyfacefiercecompetitionsfromthetraditionalsurveymethods.D.它們面臨著來(lái)自傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查方法的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干可知，本題要求選擇的是表述錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)。原文第1段最后兩句提到“認(rèn)識(shí)到在這一領(lǐng)域和相關(guān)領(lǐng)域創(chuàng)新的需要（Recognizingtheneedforinnovationinthisandrelatedareas）”，美國(guó)的幾個(gè)組織，“舉辦了調(diào)查研究方法專題競(jìng)賽”，該競(jìng)賽的主題包括“安全且易于使用的（secureandeasy-to-use）通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)的方法（methods）”。由此可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查有安全和易于使用的需求，專題競(jìng)賽的主題才會(huì)定為“安全且易于使用的通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)收集調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)的方法”，即目前的網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查還不夠安全和易于使用，B選項(xiàng)“在收集數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，它們安全且易于使用”表述錯(cuò)誤，符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“它們降低了數(shù)據(jù)收集的成本”，可定位到原文第1段第1句，該句提到“以電子方式管理問(wèn)卷調(diào)查成為可能，潛在地實(shí)現(xiàn)了更大的成本效益（muchgreatercost-effectiveness）并……”由此可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查有更大的成本效益，即成本更低，該選項(xiàng)表述正確，不符合題意，屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“它們對(duì)調(diào)查的問(wèn)題提供了更有說(shuō)服力的結(jié)論”，可定位到原文第1段第1句，該句提到“以電子方式管理問(wèn)卷調(diào)查成為可能，潛在地實(shí)現(xiàn)了……并允許集成來(lái)自許多來(lái)源的數(shù)據(jù)（integrationofdatafrommanysources）?！庇纱丝芍?，網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源更廣泛。第三段第1-2句提到“基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的調(diào)查可以以低成本接觸到大量的（verylargenumbers）受訪者。他們將在地理上分散，這樣他們的數(shù)據(jù)就可以與人口普查、當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)信息以及其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)相聯(lián)系?！庇纱丝芍W(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源更多、更廣泛，由此可以推斷，它得出的結(jié)論更有說(shuō)服力，該選項(xiàng)表述正確，不符合題意，屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“它們面臨著來(lái)自傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查方法的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”，原文雖然在討論網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查的方面，但是原文第2段倒數(shù)第二句也提到“在未來(lái)幾十年，像GSS這樣的調(diào)查將是需要的（beneededin）”，像GSS這樣的調(diào)查即傳統(tǒng)的調(diào)查方法。因此，根據(jù)原文，只能知道網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查更有優(yōu)勢(shì)，但是傳統(tǒng)的調(diào)查也是需要的，并不能得出它們是否競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈，即無(wú)法判斷該選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)的，不符合題意。

第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout____.第二段主要是關(guān)于____。

A.thedifferencesbetweentheWeb-basedandtraditionalsurveysA.網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查和傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查的區(qū)別

B.theadvantagesoftheWeb-basedsurveysB.網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

C.theweaknessesofthetraditionalsurveysC.傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查的弱點(diǎn)

D.thecostinvolvedinconductingtraditionalsurveysD.進(jìn)行傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查所涉及的費(fèi)用

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Thesecondparagraph定位到原文第2段，本題詢問(wèn)的是第2段的主要內(nèi)容。本段第1句提到“當(dāng)今領(lǐng)先的社會(huì)科學(xué)調(diào)查是非常昂貴的（veryexpensive）全國(guó)樣本訪談研究?！钡?句提到“調(diào)查的地理區(qū)域數(shù)量很少，這限制了（limits）科學(xué)家將GSS數(shù)據(jù)與其他地理數(shù)據(jù)（如美國(guó)人口普查）聯(lián)系起來(lái)的能力?！钡?句提到“這就阻止了（prevents）GSS使用許多最好的測(cè)量尺度構(gòu)建方法，這需要包含大量的項(xiàng)目?！弊詈髢删涮岬健霸谖磥?lái)幾十年，像GSS這樣的調(diào)查將是需要的，但是許多類型的社會(huì)科學(xué)將通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理的調(diào)查得到更快的發(fā)展。”由此推斷，本段主要介紹的是像GSS這樣的傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查的缺點(diǎn)。C選項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查的弱點(diǎn)”表述正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查和傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查的區(qū)別”，本段的主要介紹對(duì)象為傳統(tǒng)的調(diào)查，而非網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查和傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查的區(qū)別；

B選項(xiàng)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查的優(yōu)點(diǎn)”，本段的主要介紹對(duì)象為傳統(tǒng)的調(diào)查，而非網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查；

D選項(xiàng)“進(jìn)行傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查所涉及的費(fèi)用”，原文只有開(kāi)頭兩句介紹的是費(fèi)用昂貴這一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)，第2段還介紹了其他缺點(diǎn)，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全。

第3題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whatmakestraditionalsurveysunscientificaccordingtothesecondparagraph?根據(jù)第二段，是什么使得傳統(tǒng)的調(diào)查不科學(xué)？

A.Thesamplingisnotmadestrictlyrandomly.A.抽樣不是嚴(yán)格地隨機(jī)的。

B.Theinterviewhastobeconductedface-to-face.B.訪談必須面對(duì)面進(jìn)行。

C.Improperquestionsareoftenincludedinasurvey.C.調(diào)查中經(jīng)常包含不恰當(dāng)?shù)膯?wèn)題。

D.Selectionofrespondentsisoftenamatterofpersonaldecision.D.受訪者的選擇往往是個(gè)人決定的。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞traditionalsurveysunscientific定位到原文第2段，該段介紹的是傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查的弱點(diǎn)。本段第3句提到由于“考慮到訪談?wù)呗眯械某杀荆茉L者需要在有限的地理集群中招募（inalimitednumberofgeographicclusters），而且沒(méi)有居民名單”，所以“受訪者不是一個(gè)完全隨機(jī)的樣本（notatotalrandomsample）?！焙笠痪涮岬健罢{(diào)查的地理區(qū)域數(shù)量很少，這限制了科學(xué)家將GSS數(shù)據(jù)與其他地理數(shù)據(jù)（如美國(guó)人口普查）聯(lián)系起來(lái)的能力?！庇纱丝芍?，由于樣本沒(méi)有辦法隨機(jī)選擇，可獲得的樣本數(shù)據(jù)受限，影響了調(diào)查的結(jié)果。A選項(xiàng)“抽樣不是嚴(yán)格地隨機(jī)的”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“訪談必須面對(duì)面進(jìn)行”，雖然原文的例子中的調(diào)查是面對(duì)面的，但原文并沒(méi)有說(shuō)這是其不科學(xué)的原因，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“調(diào)查中經(jīng)常包含不恰當(dāng)?shù)膯?wèn)題”，原文并未提及“經(jīng)常包含不恰當(dāng)?shù)膯?wèn)題”，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“受訪者的選擇往往是個(gè)人決定的”，原文提到由于“訪談?wù)呗眯械某杀荆╳ithrespecttotheinterviewer’stravelrequire）”，受訪者的選擇“集中在有限的地理范圍內(nèi)招募（recruitedinalimitednumberofgeographicclusters）”，并不是說(shuō)因?yàn)椤皞€(gè)人選擇”，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

第4題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

TheauthorfirmlybelievesthatWeb-basedsurveyswill____.作者堅(jiān)信網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查將____。

A.enhancetheeconomicstatusofanationA.提高一個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)地位

B.promotetheprogressofsocialsciencesB.促進(jìn)社會(huì)科學(xué)進(jìn)步

C.changesocial,economicandpoliticalconditionsofthepublicC.改變公眾的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治狀況

D.holdtheinterviewees’interestlongerthantraditionalsurveysD.比傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查更能抓住受訪者的興趣

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Web-basedsurveys定位到原文最后一段，本段介紹的是網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查的優(yōu)勢(shì)。本段倒數(shù)第2句提到“傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查的高成本通常限制了（restricted）研究的主題，特別是那些需要高度代表性樣本的研究（requirehighlyrepresentativesamples）……這些數(shù)據(jù)現(xiàn)在都可以在網(wǎng)上免費(fèi)獲得（freelyavailableovertheweb）?！庇纱丝芍?，網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查可以免費(fèi)獲得高度代表性的樣本。而緊接著最后一句提到“許多其他科學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域（Avastarrayofotherscientificresearchareas）因?yàn)檫@種限制，在沒(méi)有大規(guī)模調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)的情況下，已經(jīng)停滯多年，而這些數(shù)據(jù)將使知識(shí)取得進(jìn)展（permitknowledgetoprogress）?！庇纱送茢啵W(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查可以提供這些研究所需要的數(shù)據(jù)，從而推動(dòng)這些研究領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展。另外，本文的主要內(nèi)容就是在強(qiáng)調(diào)網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查的優(yōu)勢(shì)即可以低成本地接觸大量的受訪者，提供有高度代表性的數(shù)據(jù)，因此，B選項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)社會(huì)科學(xué)進(jìn)步”是作者堅(jiān)信的一點(diǎn)，沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“提高一個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)地位”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“改變公眾的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治狀況”，可定位到原文第2段倒數(shù)第二句，該句提到“在未來(lái)幾十年，需要像GSS這樣的調(diào)查來(lái)描繪美國(guó)公眾不斷變化的社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治狀況（thechangingsocialeconomic,andpoliticalconditionsoftheAmericanpublic）?！庇纱丝芍?，原文雖然提到了公眾社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治狀況的變化，但沒(méi)有說(shuō)這些變化是網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查帶來(lái)的，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“比傳統(tǒng)調(diào)查更能抓住受訪者的興趣”，原文最后一段第3句提到“90分鐘的GSS問(wèn)卷調(diào)查也許不可能讓受訪者保持興趣（mightnotbepossibletoholdtheinterviewees’interest）”，雖然由此也可以推斷出，短時(shí)間的網(wǎng)絡(luò)調(diào)查可能更能抓住受訪者的興趣，但是“可能”的語(yǔ)氣，不符合題干中firmlybelieves“堅(jiān)信”這一點(diǎn)，而B(niǎo)選項(xiàng)更合適，該選項(xiàng)屬于本末倒置。

第5題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Itisimpliedinthelastsentencethat____.最后一句暗示____。

A.manyscientificareasstopmakingbreakthroughsforlackofeffectivedatacollectionA.由于缺乏有效的數(shù)據(jù)收集，許多科學(xué)領(lǐng)域停止了突破

B.scientificresearchstillmakesprogresswithoutlarge-scalesurveydataB.科學(xué)研究在沒(méi)有大規(guī)模調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)的情況下仍然取得了進(jìn)展

C.theprogressofknowledgedependsonachievementsmadebyallareasofsciencetogetherC.知識(shí)的進(jìn)步依賴于所有科學(xué)領(lǐng)域共同取得的成就

D.scientificresearchhasmadelittleprogressbeforethewidespreadadoptionoftheInternetD.在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)被廣泛采用之前，科學(xué)研究進(jìn)展甚微

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thelastsentence定位到原文最后一句，該句提到“因此，許多其他科學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域由于沒(méi)有大規(guī)模調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)支持（withoutthelarge-scalesurveydata）已經(jīng)停滯多年（havelanguishedformanyyears），而這些數(shù)據(jù)將使知識(shí)取得進(jìn)展?！庇纱丝芍?yàn)闆](méi)有大規(guī)模的數(shù)據(jù)支持，很多其他科學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域停滯了多年，A選項(xiàng)“由于缺乏有效的數(shù)據(jù)收集，許多科學(xué)領(lǐng)域停止了突破”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)研究在沒(méi)有大規(guī)模調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)的情況下仍然取得了進(jìn)展”，“仍然取得了進(jìn)展”與原文“已經(jīng)停滯多年”不符，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

C選項(xiàng)“知識(shí)的進(jìn)步依賴于所有科學(xué)領(lǐng)域共同取得的成就”，原文是說(shuō)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)可以促進(jìn)知識(shí)的發(fā)展，并沒(méi)有提及“所有科學(xué)領(lǐng)域共同取得的成就”，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)被廣泛采用之前，科學(xué)研究進(jìn)展甚微”，這個(gè)選項(xiàng)的問(wèn)題在于，選項(xiàng)中“科學(xué)研究”概括范圍太大，包含了所有科學(xué)研究，而原文更多地指需要大規(guī)模數(shù)據(jù)的社會(huì)科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究，該選項(xiàng)屬于推理過(guò)度。

10.單選題

Perhapsyoudidn’tquiteunderstandthemovieandthenleftbeforefinishingit.（）thecase,Ithinkthislittlepamphletmaybeofsomehelp.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ifthisbe

B.Thisshouldbe

C.Shouldthisbe

D.Isthis

【答案】A

【解析】考查條件狀語(yǔ)從句。由Ithinkthislittlepamphletmaybeofsomehelp.句意：我想這個(gè)宣傳冊(cè)可能有所幫助。由關(guān)鍵詞may可知空格后的thecase這種情況并不是虛擬的，而是一個(gè)真實(shí)條件句，故不用倒裝，而條件句一般是用if引導(dǎo)。因此答案選A，相當(dāng)于省略了should，即Ifthis(should)be。整個(gè)句意為：也許你并不十分理解這部電影，沒(méi)結(jié)束就提前離開(kāi)了。如果真的如此，我想這個(gè)宣傳冊(cè)可能有所幫助。

11.翻譯題

計(jì)算機(jī)病毒系一小撮存心不良的黑客所為，這些人純屬為了搞惡作劇而編造有毒軟件。病毒是短行的軟件代碼，具有以下三個(gè)特征：第一，病毒把自己隱藏在合法的文件或程序之中；第二，病毒像細(xì)菌那樣進(jìn)行復(fù)制以在計(jì)算機(jī)之間傳播；第三，病毒對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)的所作所為可令你氣得發(fā)瘋。

【答案】Computervirusesarecreatedbyasmallgroupofevilhackerswhowriteharmfulsoftwarejustforthesakeoffun.Thevirusesareshort-linesoftwarecodes,witchhavethefollowingthreefeatures,first,theyhidethemselvesamonglegaldocumentsorprograms;second,theycancopythemselveslikebacteriatobetransferredamongcomputers;third,theireffectonyourcomputerswilldriveyoucrazyandmakeyoumad.

12.單選題

Withallthisworkonhand,he（）tothecinemalastmight.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustn’tgo

B.wouldn’tgo

C.oughtn’tgo

D.shouldn’thavegone

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：因?yàn)槭诸^有這些工作要做，他昨晚不該去看電影的。由句意可知這里表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故選D項(xiàng)，表示“本不該去看電影”。

13.單選題

Weshould（

）ourhumanandmaterialresourcesifwearetosucceedinthejointventure.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pour

B.plunge

C.pool

D.pick

【答案】C

【解析】句意:如果我們想要辦成合資企業(yè)的話，就應(yīng)該集中我們的人力和物力資源。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pour使(液體)連續(xù)流出，傾倒，倒出傾瀉；plunge使陷入，使投入，使插入；pool共用，聚攏（資金、知識(shí)、設(shè)備等）；pick拾取，精選，采摘。因此C符合句意。

14.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglish

美國(guó)的一位頂尖心理學(xué)家說(shuō)，如果人們關(guān)注于六個(gè)具體要素就會(huì)感到幸福。這六個(gè)要素分別是：活在當(dāng)下（M）,有好奇心（C），做喜歡的事（L）,為他人著想（T）,培養(yǎng)關(guān)系（N）,

照顧身體（B）。公式就是：感覺(jué)很棒=（活在當(dāng)下x16+好奇心+做喜歡的事x2）+（為他人著想x5+培養(yǎng)關(guān)系x2+照顧身體x33）。

弗吉尼亞州喬治梅?森（Mason）大學(xué)的托徳-卡什丹博士（DrToddKashdan）對(duì)英國(guó)人幸福程度的全國(guó)性研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。他說(shuō)：“感覺(jué)幸福沒(méi)有單一的訣竅，但當(dāng)這六種成分都添加進(jìn)來(lái)并正確配比后，你就會(huì)感覺(jué)人生很幸福。這六種成分的每一種都需要付出一點(diǎn)努力，你只要知道你的努力會(huì)給你帶來(lái)極大的回報(bào)?！?/p>

委任這次研究的整形外科手術(shù)營(yíng)銷總監(jiān)史蒂芬?泰勒（StephenTayler）說(shuō)：“我們無(wú)比高興地看到與卡什丹博士的合作創(chuàng)建了幸福感的真正公式：我們希望幸福公式將繼續(xù)幫助提振精祌，讓全英國(guó)人民的臉上都有笑容?！?/p>

【答案】Ifpeoplefocusonthesixspecificfactorsidentified,theywillfeelgood,accordingtoatopUSpsychologist.Thefactorsareliveinthemoment(M),becurious(C),dosomethingyoulove(L),thinkofothers(T),nurturerelationships(N),andcareofyourbody(B).AndtheformulaisFeelingGood=(MxI6+C+Lx2)+(Tx5+Nx2+Bx33)。

DrToddKashdan,ofGeorgeMasonUniversityinVirginia,reviewedtheresultsofnationwideresearchintohowBritishfeel.Hesaid:“Thereisnosinglesecrettofeelinggood,butwhenthesesixingredientsarecarefullyattendedto,intherightdoses,youwillbeontargetforahappylife.“Eachoftheingredientsrequiresabitofwork.Justknowthatyourhardworkwillleadtothegreatestrewardspossible.”

StevenTaylor,marketingdirectorofTransformCosmeticSurgery,whocommissionedtheresearch,said:“Wecouldn’tbemorepleasedthatthepartnershipwithDrKashdanledtothecreationofanactualformulatoFeelGood,WehopethattheFeelGoodFormulawillcontinuetohelpboostspiritsandputasmileonfacesacrosstheUK.”

15.單選題

Ican'twaittohearaboutyourEnglishclass

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ameagerto

B.amlateto

C.amindifferent

D.amhappyto

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。題目中can'twaittodosth表示“迫不及待去做某事”；A選項(xiàng)為“渴望去做某事”；B選項(xiàng)為“遲到”;C選項(xiàng)為“對(duì)……漠不關(guān)心”；D選項(xiàng)為“開(kāi)心做某事”。由題意可知，我已經(jīng)迫不及待要聽(tīng)你的英語(yǔ)課了。因此，正確答案是A項(xiàng)。

16.單選題

ThekeywordsFranciswroteonthebackofanoldletter,“TheStarSpangledBanner''becamethenational（）oftheUnitedStates.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.song

B.hymn

C.anthem

D.motto

【答案】A

【解析】句意:弗朗西斯在一封舊信的背面寫下的關(guān)鍵詞“星條旗之歌”后來(lái)成為了美國(guó)的國(guó)歌。

考查名詞辨析。song歌曲;hymn贊美詩(shī);anthem圣歌，頌歌；motto座右銘。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A符合句意。

17.單選題

Despitehis____planning,theexpositionturnedouttobeafailure.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exquisite

B.exhausted

C.elaborate

D.insufficient

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.exquisite精美的；精致的B.exhausted筋疲力盡的；疲憊不堪的

C.elaborate詳盡的；精心制作的D.insufficient不充分的；不足的

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：盡管他……的計(jì)劃，博覽會(huì)還是以失敗告終。根據(jù)邏輯，這里存在一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，后半句講博覽會(huì)是失敗的，則可以推測(cè)前半句中他的計(jì)劃應(yīng)該是精心制作的，但是博覽會(huì)以失敗告終。因此選C。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】盡管他精心策劃，博覽會(huì)還是失敗了。

18.單選題

Itisduetotheinventionofthecomputerthatmanhasbeenabletoworksomany.Acase_____isthesuccessfullaunchingofspaceshuttle.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inpoint

B.inquestion

C.inaway

D.inbrier

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)搭配。A選項(xiàng)inpoint相關(guān)的，恰當(dāng)?shù)?；B選項(xiàng)inquestion討論中的，有問(wèn)題的；C選項(xiàng)inaway從某種程度上，有點(diǎn)兒；D選項(xiàng)inbrief簡(jiǎn)言之。因此，根據(jù)句意可知，正是電腦的發(fā)明才使得人們?cè)谶^(guò)去的幾年中創(chuàng)造了這么多的奇跡，一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)睦泳褪呛教祜w機(jī)的成功發(fā)射。故A項(xiàng)是正確答案。

19.單選題

Wealthynationshavefallenfarbehindontheiraid（

）totheworld’spoor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commitments

B.engagements

C.responsibilities

D.applications

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)commitment“承諾，保證”；B選項(xiàng)engagement“約會(huì)，諾言”；C選項(xiàng)responsibility“責(zé)任，職責(zé)”；D選項(xiàng)application“應(yīng)用，申請(qǐng)”。

句意：富裕國(guó)家在對(duì)援助世界窮國(guó)的責(zé)任方面遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

20.單選題

Afteranumberofdisagreementswiththecommittee,thehelplesschairman（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.retired

B.dismissed

C.deserted

D.resigned

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)retire“退休；離開(kāi)；收回”；B選項(xiàng)dismiss“解散；解雇；不予理會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)desert“遺棄；放棄；逃跑”；D選項(xiàng)resign“辭去職務(wù)；放棄；委托；使聽(tīng)從”。句意：在與委員會(huì)產(chǎn)生很多分歧后，這位無(wú)助的主席辭去了自己的職務(wù)。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)義，D選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Thebasiccausesareunknown,althoughcertainconditionsthatmayleadtocancerhavebeen（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.identified

B.guaranteed

C.notified

D.conveyed

【答案】A

【解析】identified識(shí)別,辨認(rèn);guaranteed保證;notified通知,告知;conveyed傳達(dá)。句意：盡管一些可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致癌癥的條件已經(jīng)得到確認(rèn),但最根本的原因還不知道。

22.單選題

Humansareuniquelysmartamongalltheotherspeciesontheplanet.Wearecapableofoutstandingfeatsoftechnologyandengineering.Thenwhyarewesopronetomakingmistakes?Andwhydowetendtomakethesameonestimeandtimeagain?WhenPrimatePsychologistLaurieSantosformtheComparativeCognitionLabatYaleUniversityposedthisquestiontoherteam,theywerethinkinginparticularoftheerrorsofjudgmentwhichledtotherecentcollapseofthefinancialmarkets.Santoscametotwopossibleanswerstothisquestion.Eitherhumanshavedesignedenvironmentswhicharetoocomplexforustofullyunderstand,orwearebiologicallypronetomakingbaddecisions.

Inordertotestthesetheories,theteamselectedagroupofBrownCapuchinmonkeys.Monkeyswereselectedforthetestbecause,asdistantrelativesofhumans,theyareintelligentandhavethecapacitytolearn.However,theyarenotinfluencedbyanyofthetechnologicalorculturalenvironmentswhichaffecthumandecision-making.TheteamwantedtotestwhethertheCapuchinmonkeys,whenputintosimilarsituationsashumans,wouldmakethesamemistakes.

Ofparticularinteresttothescientistswaswhethermonkeyswouldmakethesamemistakeswhenmakingfinancialdecisions.Inordertofindout,theyhadtointroducethemoneystomoney.Themonkeyssooncottonedon,andaswellaslearningsimpleexchangetechniques,weresoonabletodistinguish“bargains”—Ifoneteam—memberofferedtwograpesinexchangeforametaldiscandanotherteam-memberofferedonegrape,themonkeyschosethetwo-grapeoption.Interestingly,whenthedateaboutthemonkey’spurchasingstrategieswascomparedwitheconomist’sdataonhumanbehaviour,therewasasperfectmatch.

So,afterestablishingthatthemonkeymarketwasoperatingeffectively,theteamdecidedtointroducesomeproblemswhichhumansgenerallygetwrong.Oneoftheseissuesisrisk-taking.Imaginethatsomeonegaveyou$1000.Inadditiontothis$1000,youcanreceiveeitherA）anadditional$500orB）someonetossesacoinandifitlands“heads”youreceiveanadditional$1000,butifitlands“tails”youreceivenomoremoney.Oftheseoptions,mostpeopletendtochooseoptionA.Theypreferguaranteedearnings,ratherthanrunningtheriskofreceivingnothing.Nowimagineasecondsituationinwhichyouaregiven$2000.Now,youcanchoosetoeitherA）lose$500,leavingyouwithatotalof$1500,orB）tossacoin;ifitland“heads”youlosenothing,butifitlands“tails”youlose$1000,leavingyouwithonly$1000.Interestingly,whenwestandtolosemoney,wetendtochoosethemoreriskychoice,optionB.Andasweknowfromtheexperienceoffinancialinvestorsandgamblers,itisunwisetotakeriskswhenweareonalosingstreak.

Sowouldthemonkeysmakethesamebasicerrorofjudgment?Theteamputthemtothetestbygivingthemsimilaroptions.Inthefirsttest,monkeyshadtheoptionofexchangingtheirdiscforonegrapeandreceivingonebonusgrape,orexchangingthegrapeforonegrapeandsometimesreceivingtwobonusgrapesandsometimesreceivingnobonus.Itturnedoutthatmonkeys,likehuman,chosethelessriskyoptionintimesofplenty.Thentheexperimentwasreversed.Monkeyswereofferedtheregrapes,butinoptionAwereonlyactuallygiventwograpes.InoptionB,theyhadafifty-fiftychanceofreceivingallthreegrapesoronegrapeonly.Theresultswerethatmonkeys,likehumans,takemorerisksintimesofloss.

Theimplicationsofthisexperimentarethatbecausemonkeysmakethesameirrationaljudgementsthathumansdo,maybehumanerrorisnotaresultofthecomplexityofourfinancialinstitutions,butisimbeddedinourevolutionaryhistory.Itthisisthecase,ourerrorsofjudgementwillbeverydifficulttoovercome.Onamoreoptimisticnotehowever,humansarefullycapableofovercominglimitationsoncewehaveidentifiedthem.Byrecognisingthem,wecandesigntechnologieswhichwillhelpustomakebetterchoicesinfuture.

1.Whatwastheaimoftheexperimentoutlinedabove?

2.Whichofthefo