考研考博-英語-廣東技術(shù)師范大學(xué)天河學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東技術(shù)師范大學(xué)天河學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thetreatywillbethe（

）oflastingpeace.

問題1選項

A.potential

B.enclosure

C.tribute

D.threshold

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。potential意為“可能性，潛在性”；enclosure意為“圈地，圍場，附件”；tribute意為“致敬，悼念”；threshold意為“門檻，入口，開始”。

句意：這個條約將是持久和平的開端。

2.單選題

Themotionofoceanwater（

）atdifferentdepthsbelowthesurface.

問題1選項

A.varies

B.modified

C.alters

D.differs

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在海面下的不同深度，海水的運動是變化的。

考查動詞辨析。Vary變化;modify修改，修飾;alter改變，更改;differ相異,有區(qū)別,不同于。故A符合句意。

3.單選題

TheEnglishweatherdefiesforecastandhenceisasourceofinterestand______toeveryone.

問題1選項

A.speculation

B.attribution

C.utilization

D.proposition

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.speculation推測，猜測B.attribution歸因，屬性

C.utilization利用，使用D.proposition提議，建議（尤指業(yè)務(wù)上的）

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“英國的天氣出乎預(yù)料，因此引起了大家的興趣和______”可知，因為天氣是難以預(yù)料的，所以這引起英國人的對天氣的猜測，該題選擇A項恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】英國的天氣出乎預(yù)料，因此引起了大家的興趣和猜測。

4.單選題

BarackObama'shealthreformsWHENBarackObamasignedasweepingsetofhealthreformsintolawonMarch23rd2010,heknewitwasahistoricmoment-andnotjustbecauseJoeBiden,thevice-president,whisperedintohisearthatitwasa"bigfuckingdeal".Hehadsuccessfullyriddenthewaveofpopularsupportthatbroughthimintoofficetodeliveruniversalhealthcoverage,afeatthateludedallhispredecessors.

Buttherealityofpoliticshasobstructedthatgranddream.RepublicanleadersinCongressaretryingtorepealthelawoutright.Severalfederaljudgeshaveruledthatoneofthecentralprovisionsofthenewreforms,an"individualmandate"requiringeveryonetopurchasecoverage,isunconstitutional.AndarecentpollbytheKaiserFamilyFoundation(KFF),anon-partisanoutfit,revealedthathostilitytothelawsamongpoliticallyvitalindependentshasshotupsharply.Oneyearon,howfaresMr.Obama'sproudestachievement?

Thechiefstrategyusedbytheadministrationtowinoverskepticsandtounderminelegalchallengesistopresentthenewlawsasanunstoppablejuggernaut.Forexample,whenKathleenSebelius,thesecretaryofhealthandhumanservices,spokeaboutthereformtotheSenateFinanceCommitteeonMarch16th,shepointedtoevidenceofan"enormousdifferenceithasmadeinthelivesofAmericans".

True,theadministrationhasrushedintoforceprovisionsaffectingconsumersdirectly,inaneffortwinpopularsupport.Forexample,someforbidinsurersfromdenyingcoveragetochildrenwithpre-existingconditions,orimposinglifetimepayoutcapsonanyone.Thenewlawsalsoalreadyrequireinsurerstocoverchildrenupto26ontheirparents'policies,whichwillbenefitsome1.2myoungpeople.Nearly48mpeopleonMedicare,thegovernmenthealthschemefortheelderly,aretogetfreepreventiveservicessuchascolonoscopiesandmammograms.In2010nearly4mofthemgot$250tax-freerebatestohelppayfordrugs.

Allthatseemsimpressive,buthere’stherub:manyAmericansdonotbelieveMrs.Sebelius.RoughlyhalfofthosepolledbyKF'FthoughtObamacarehadalreadybeenrepealedorwereunsureoffooting.Itremainsthelawoftheland.

Theadministrationisalsoforgingaheadwithlessvisibleaspectsofthenewlaws.By2014,whenthebulkofthereform’sprovisionskickin,statesarerequiredtohaveputregulatedinsuranceexchangesinplacesothatconsumerscanbuyplansthatmeetminimumstandardsforcoverage.Allwouldberequiredtobuyinsurance,butthelesswell-offwillgetsubsidies.Thefederalgovernmentisofferingtechnicalassistanceaswellasmoneytostatestonudgethemtowardsestablishingsuchmarket-places.Alas,inthistooMr.Obamahashitsnags.SomeRepublican-ledstates,firstamongthemAiaskaandFlorida,arerefusingtotakethemoney,whilemanyothersaredemandingtherules.Tothesurpriseofsome,Mr.ObamaannouncedatarecentmeetingofgovernorsattheWhiteHousethathesupportsaplan-firstproposedbyRonWyden,asparkyDemocraticsenator-togrant"innovationwaivers"startingin2014.Aslongasstatesmeetgeneralgoalsoncoveringmorepeopleandcurbingcosts,theywillbegivenflexibilityinhowtheysetuptheirlocalinsurancemarkets.

1.BarackObamaknewhissetofhealthreformswasatahistoricmomentbecauseof（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsareNotTrue?

3.KathleenSenelius,thesecretaryofhealthandhumanservices,has（）.

4.AccordingtothepollbyKFF,Obamacare（）.

5.AccordingtoObamacare,statescanbefreeinwaysofbuildinglocalinsurancemarketsifthey（）.

問題1選項

A.JoeBiden,thevice-president,thoughtthatitwasa"bigfuckingdeal".

B.hehimselfwaspopularlysupported.

C.itwasafeatthatsurpassedalltheotherpresidents.

D.itwasauniversallycoveredhealthreform

問題2選項

A.ThatgranddreamofObama'shealthreformhasbeenpoliticallyconstructed

B.RepublicanleadersinCongressdisagreedwithObama'shealthreform.

C.IndependentstookahostileattitudetowardsObama'shealthreform.

D.SeveralfederaljudgeshaveregardedObama’shealthreformunlawful.

問題3選項

A.beenstronglysupportedbytheinsurers.

B.greatlyimpressedbythehealthreform

C.deniedanenormousdifferencethehealthreformmadeinthelivesofAmericans

D.comeacrossarubinpromotingthehealthreform

問題4選項

A.lackedlegalrootingandhasbeenrepealed.

B.wongreatsupportfromthosepulled.

C.seemsimpressiveandsuccessful

D.wasbelievedbynobody.

問題5選項

A.takethemoney

B.cancovermorepeopleandcontrolthecostsofinsurance.

C.regulatetheirinsurancemarkets

D.innovatethelaw.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。第一段指出:Hehadsuccessfullyriddenthewaveofpopularsupportthatbroughthimintoofficetodeliveruniversalhealthcoverage,afeatthateludedallhispredecessors(他借民意支持成功上位，以推行全民健康保險，這項功績可謂前無古人)。所以，他認為此次醫(yī)療改革是歷史性時刻的原因是這項功績，即D項“這是一項全民醫(yī)保改革”。

2.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Buttherealityofpoliticshasobstructed

thatgranddream(但是，政治的現(xiàn)實性使得這一偉大夢想障礙重重)。因此，A項“從政治上說，奧巴馬醫(yī)改的偉大夢想得以建造”不符合原文所述。答案選A。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞KathleenSebelius定位至第五段:Allthatseemsimpressive,buthere’stherub:manyAmericansdonotbelieveMrs.Sebelius(這一切聽起來甚是美好，可問題在于：許多美國人并不信任西貝利厄斯女士)。因此D項“她在推行醫(yī)改中遭遇困難”正確，同時排除A和B項。第三段指出:shepointedtoevidenceofan‘enormousdifferenceithasmadeinthelivesofAmericans(她指出‘其在美國社會中業(yè)已產(chǎn)生的巨大影響‘這一證詞),因此可排除C項。故答案選D。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thepollbyKFF定位至第五段:RoughlyhalfofthosepolledbyKFFthoughtObamacarehadalreadybeenrepealedorwereunsureofitslegalfooting.Itremainsthelawoftheland(凱薩家庭基金會所收集的近一半投票都認為奧式醫(yī)改方案己被撤銷或是仍缺失法律基礎(chǔ)。這僅是一時之策)。因此A項“缺乏法律基礎(chǔ)并且已被撤銷”正確。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞befreeinwaysofbuildinglocalinsurancemarkets定位至租后一段:Aslongasstatesmeetgeneralgoalsoncoveringmorepeopleandcurbingcosts,theywillbegivenflexibilityinhowtheysetuptheirlocalinsurancemarkets(只要該州達到使更多人參保并抑制成本的目標(biāo)，就能擁有如何創(chuàng)建當(dāng)?shù)乇ｋU市場的自主權(quán))。因此選B項“他們能覆蓋更多人（參加保險）并且控制保險成本”。

5.單選題

Youhavenothingto（）byrefusingtolistentoouradvice.

問題1選項

A.gain

B.win

C.reach

D.profit

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項gain“獲得；增加”；B選項win“贏”；C選項reach“達到；延伸”；D選項profit“獲利；有益”。句意：你不聽我們的建議對你……。由固定搭配Youhavenothingtogain（你沒有好處）結(jié)合此處語境，A選項正確。

6.單選題

Ifyouworkunderacarwhenrepairingit,youoftengetvery（）.

問題1選項

A.waxy

B.slippery

C.sticky

D.greasy

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。waxy“蠟制的，柔軟的”；slippery“狡猾的，不穩(wěn)定的”；sticky“粘的，粘性的”；greasy“油膩的，油脂的，諂媚的”。句意：如果你在車底下修車，你通常會沾滿油脂。D項符合題意。

7.單選題

Fearanditscompanionpainaretwoofthemostusefulthingsthatmenandanimalspossess,iftheyareproperlyused.Iffiredidnothurtwhenitburnt,childrenwouldplayituntiltheirhandswereburntaway.Similarly,ifpainexistedbutfeardidnot,achildwouldburnitselfagainandagain,becausefearwouldnotwarnittokeepawayfromthefirethathadburntitbefore.Areallyfearlesssoldier—andsomedoexist一isnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;andadeadsoldierisofnousetohisarmy.Fearandpainarethereforetwoguardswithoutwhichmenandanimalsmightsoondieout.

Inourfirstsentencewesuggestedthatfearoughttobeproperlyused.If,forexample,younevergooutofyourhousebecauseofthedangerofbeingknockeddownandkilledinthestreetbyacar,youarelettingfearruleyoutoomuch.Eveninyourhouseyouarenotabsolutelysafe;anairplanemaycrashonyourhouse,orantsmayeatawaysomeofthebeamsinyourroofsothatthelatterfallsonyou,oryoumaygetcancer!

Theimportantthingisnottoletfearruleyou,butinsteadtousefearasyourservantandguide.Fearwillwarnyouofdangers;thenyouhavetodecidewhatactiontotake.Inmanycases,youcantakequickandsuccessfulactionstoavoidthedanger.Forexample,youseeacarcomingstraighttowardsyou;fearwarnsyou,youjumpoutoftheway,andalliswell.

Insomecases,however,youdecidethatthereisnothingthatyoucandotoavoidthedanger.Forexample,youcannotpreventanairplanecrashingontoyourhouse.Inthiscase,fearhasgivenyouitswarning;youhaveexamineditanddecidedonyourcourseofaction,sofearofthisparticulardangerisnolongerofanyusetoyou,andyouhavetotrytoovercomeit.

1.Childrenwouldplaywithfireuntiltheirhandswereburntawayif（）.

2.Areallyfearlesssoldier（）.

3.Fearshouldbeusedproperlybecause（）.

4.Peoplesometimessucceedintimelyavoidingdangerbecause（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisimpliedbutnotstated?

問題1選項

A.theyweregivennowarningbeforehand

B.theyhadneverburntthemselves

C.theyhadnosenseofpain

D.theywerefearfulofthefire

問題2選項

A.isoflittleusetothearmy

B.iswithoutequal

C.isnothingbutadeadsoldier

D.easilygetskilledinabattle

問題3選項

A.anairplanemaycrashonyourhouse

B.youmaygetcancer

C.fearcanbeusedasaservantandguide

D.menarenowlettingfearrulethemtoomuch

問題4選項

A.theyhavegainedexperience

B.theyjumpoutofthewayintime

C.theyarecalminfaceofdanger

D.theyarewarnedofthedangerandcantakequickaction

問題5選項

A.Fearisalwayssomethinghelpful.

B.Toomuchfearisharmful.

C.Fearoughttobeusedasaservantandguide.

D.Fearissomethingunprofitable

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Iffiredidnothurtwhenitburnt,childrenwouldplayituntiltheirhandswereburntaway.”如果火在燃燒時沒有傷到孩子，他們就會一直玩到火燒到自己的手為止。選項B符合原文。

2.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“fearlesssoldier”定位到第一段第四句“Areallyfearlesssoldier—andsomedoexist一isnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;”一個無畏的士兵不是一個好士兵,因為他很快就會被殺。選項D符合原文。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Theimportantthingisnottoletfearruleyou,butinsteadtousefearasyourservantandguide.”重要的是不要讓恐懼支配你，而是要把恐懼當(dāng)作你的仆人和向?qū)?。選項C符合原文。

4.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題第三段的二三句“Fearwillwarnyouofdangers;thenyouhavetodecidewhatactiontotake.Inmanycases,youcantakequickandsuccessfulactionstoavoidthedanger.”恐懼會警告你有危險；然后你必須決定采取什么行動。在大多數(shù)情況下，你可以采取快速和成功的行動來避免危險。選項D符合原文。

5.推斷題。選項A中always表述錯誤；選項C是原文已經(jīng)闡明的觀點；選項D不符合原文。只有選項B正確且符合原文。

8.單選題

Hispositionwascontrarytothatoftheteacher's.

問題1選項

A.similar

B.opposite

C.foreseeable

D.contentious

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語辨析。題目中becontraryto表示“與……相反”；A選項besimilarto表示“與……類似的，相似的”；B選項beoppositeto表示“與……相反的，對立的”；C選項為“可預(yù)見的，可預(yù)知的”；D選項為“有異議的，有爭論的”。由句意可知，他的位置與老師相反。因此，正確答案是B項。

9.單選題

Idon’tmindabitifyoubringyourfriendsinforadrink,butitisrathertoomuchwhentenpeoplearrive（）fordinner.

問題1選項

A.unusually

B.excessively

C.consequently

D.unexpectedly

【答案】D

【解析】副詞詞義辨析。unexpectedly“出乎意料地”；unusually“顯著地”；excessively“過分地”；consequently“從而”。句意：我不介意你帶你的朋友來喝杯茶，但是當(dāng)十個人出乎意料地來家里吃晚飯時就有點太多了。

10.單選題

Thetownsquarereallylooksmagnificentatnightwhenitis（

）

問題1選項

A.illuminated

B.decorated

C.furnished

D.inhabited

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。illuminated“被照明的”；decorated“裝飾的，修飾的”；furnished“家具，有家具的”；inhabited“有人居住的”。句意：當(dāng)燈光照亮?xí)r，夜晚的城市廣場看上去真的很宏偉。選項A符合題意。

11.單選題

InthisageofInternetchat,videogamesandrealitytelevision,thereisnoshortageofmindlessactivitiestokeepachildoccupied.Yet,despitethecompetition,my8-year-olddaughterRebeccawantstospendherleisuretimewritingshortstories.Shewantstoenteroneofherstoriesintoawritingcontest,acompetitionshewonlastyear.

AsawriterIknowaboutwinningcontest,andaboutlosingthem.Iknowwhatitisliketoworkhardonastoryonlytoreceivearejectionslipfromthepublisher.Ialsoknowthepressuresoftryingtoliveuptoareputationcreatedbypreviousvictories.Whatifshedoesn’twinthecontestagain?That’sthestrangethingaboutbeingapparent.Somanyofourownpastscarsanddashedhopescansurface.

ArevelationcamelastweekwhenIaskedher,“...Don’tyouwanttowinagain?”“No”,shereplied.“Ijustwanttotellthestoryofanangelgoingtofirstgrade.”

Ihadjustspentweekscorrectingherstoriesasshespontaneouslytoldthem.TellingmyselfthatIwasmerelyanexperiencedwriterguidingtheyoungwriteracrossthehall,Iofferedsuggestionsforcharacters,conflictsandendingsforhertales.Thestoryaboutafearfulangelstartingfirstgradewasquickly,“guided”bymeintothetaleofalittlegirlwithawildimaginationtakingherfirstmusiclesson.Ihadturnedhercontestintomycontestwithoutevenrealizingit.

Stayingbackandgivingkidsspacetogrowisnotaseasyasitlooks.BecauseIknowverylittleaboutfarmanimalswhousetoolsorangelswhogotofirstgrade,Ihadtoacceptthefactthatwasco-optingmydaughter’sexperience.

Whilesteppingbackwasdifficultforme,itwascertainlyagoodfirststepthatIwillquicklyfollowwithmoresteps,puttingmyselffarenoughawaytogiveherroombutcloseenoughtohelpifasked.AllthewhileIwillberemindingmyselfthatchildrenneedroomtoexperiment,growandfindtheirownvoices.

1.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

2.Whatdidtheauthorsayaboutherownwritingexperience?

3.WhydidRebeccawanttoenterthisyear’swritingcontest?

4.Theauthortookgreatpaintstorefineherdaughter’sstoriesbecause（）.

5.What’stheauthor’sadviceforparents?

問題1選項

A.Childrendofindlotsoffuninmanymindlessactivities.

B.Rebeccaismuchtoooccupiedtoenjoyherleisuretime.

C.Rebeccadrawsonalotofonlinematerialsforherwriting.

D.Alotofdistractionscompleteforchildren’stimenowadays.

問題2選項

A.Shedidnotquiteliveuptoherreputationasawriter.

B.Herwaytosuccesswasfullofpainsandfrustrations.

C.Shewasconstantlyunderpressureofwritingmore.

D.Mostofherstorieshadbeenrejectedbypublishers.

問題3選項

A.Shebelievedshepossessedrealtalentforwriting.

B.Shewassureofwinningwithhermother’shelp.

C.Shewantedtoshareherstorieswithreaders.

D.Shehadwonaprizeinthepreviouscontest.

問題4選項

A.shebelievedshehadtheknowledgeandexperiencetoofferguidance

B.shedidnotwanttodisappointRebeccawhoneededherhelpsomuch

C.shewastohelpRebeccarealizeherdreamsofbecomingawriter

D.shewasafraidRebecca’simaginationmightrunwildwhilewriting

問題5選項

A.Awritingcareer,thoughattractive,isnotforeverychildtopursue.

B.Childrenshouldbeallowedfreedomtogrowthroughexperience.

C.Parentsshouldkeepaneyeontheactivitiestheirkidsengagein.

D.Childrenshouldbegiveneverychancetovoicetheiropinion.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一句，“InthisageofInternetchat,videogamesandrealitytelevision,thereisnoshortageofmindlessactivitiestokeepachildoccupied.”，在這個網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天、電子游戲和電視真人秀的時代，總有讓孩子可以做的事情，并且這些活動不需要動腦。可判斷出現(xiàn)在孩子們的時間完全被許多干擾因素占據(jù)了。選項D符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“AsawriterIknowaboutwinningcontest,andaboutlosingthem.Iknowwhatitisliketoworkhardonastoryonlytoreceivearejectionslipfromthepublisher.Ialsoknowthepressuresoftryingtoliveuptoareputationcreatedbypreviousvictories.”，作為一名作家，我知道什么是成功，什么是失敗。我知道努力寫一篇文章卻收到出版商的退稿單是什么感覺。我也知道我承受著巨大的壓力，為的是不辜負過去的勝利帶來的榮譽?？膳袛喑鲎髡叩膶懽鹘?jīng)歷充滿痛苦和挫折。選項B符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Ijustwanttotellthestoryofanangelgoingtofirstgrade.”，她只是想把一個關(guān)于天使上一年級的故事講給別人聽?？膳袛喑鳆愗惪ㄏ?yún)⒓訉懽鞅荣惖脑蛟谟谒牒妥x者分享她的故事。選項C符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“TellingmyselfthatIwasmerelyanexperiencedwriterguidingtheyoungwriteracrossthehall,Iofferedsuggestionsforcharacters,conflictsandendingsforhertales.”，我告訴自己，我只是一個經(jīng)驗豐富的作家，引導(dǎo)著年輕的作家穿過大廳，為她的故事提供人物、沖突和結(jié)局方面的建議。可判斷出作者幫助女兒改善故事的原因在于她相信自己有知識和經(jīng)驗可以提供指導(dǎo)。選項A符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“AllthewhileIwillberemindingmyselfthatchildrenneedroomtoexperiment,growandfindtheirownvoices.”，我也會提醒自己，孩子們需要實驗的空間，需要成長的空間，需要擁有表達自我的聲音?？膳袛喑鲎髡呓ㄗh父母應(yīng)該讓孩子們通過自己的經(jīng)歷，自由成長。選項B符合題意。

12.單選題

Manyhadbecomesocaughtupintheirownlivesthattheyhadletgoldenfriendships_______byovertheyears.

問題1選項

A.slip

B.stick

C.shift

D.skip

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.slip悄悄疾行，溜B.stick粘貼，粘住

C.shift快速移動；轉(zhuǎn)移，挪動D.skip蹦蹦跳跳地走

【答案】A

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】goldenfriendships和橫線處構(gòu)成主謂搭配關(guān)系，這里指的是美好的友誼因為無暇顧及而______，slip符合語境，指的是友誼在不知不覺間消失，因此A選項正確。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項不符合語境。

【句意】許多人一心撲在自己的生活上，以至于美好的友誼隨著時間的流逝而溜走。

13.單選題

[A]Asherfocus[B]changed,thelovepoetrythatEdamSt.VincentMillay[C]producedinthe1920’s[D]increasinggavewaytopoetrydealingwithsocialinjustice.

問題1選項

A.As

B.changed

C.produced

D.increasing

【答案】D

【解析】【答案】D

【考查點】副詞的用法。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子主干為“thelovepoetrygavewaytopoetrydealingwithsocialinjustice（描寫愛情的詩被描寫社會不公的詩替代）”，謂語動詞是gavewayto，increasing是形容詞，只能修飾名詞，所以要將D項改為increasingly。

【句意】隨著她的創(chuàng)作重點的改變，伊丹?圣文森特?米萊在二十世紀(jì)二十年代創(chuàng)作的愛情詩歌逐漸讓位于描寫社會不公的詩歌。

14.寫作題

WriteontheANSWERSHEETacompositionofabout250wordsbasedonthetopic“WillTourismBringHarmtotheEnvironment”?

Youaretowriteinthreeparts.

Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyouropinionis.

Inthesecondpart，provideoneortworeasonsoryourexperience(s)tosupportyouropinion.

Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.

【答案】略

15.單選題

Thewalkersinfrontcrossedtheledgeeasily,seemingly（）ofthefactthattherewasa3000-footdroponeitherside.

問題1選項

A.pretentious

B.remindful

C.attentive

D.oblivious

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。pretentious“炫耀的，做作的”;remindful“提醒的，留意的”；attentive“注意的，體貼的”；oblivious“遺忘的；不注意的”。前半句的句意是：前面的人輕松地跨過了巖架，與后文“巖架兩側(cè)深達3000英尺”形成對比，可推測空格處是要表達“好像沒有注意到……”，選項D符合題意。

16.翻譯題

Thedistinctionbetweenthemechanizationofthepastandwhatishappeningnowis,however,notasharpone.Atoneextremewehavetheelectroniccomputerwithitsquiteremarkablecapacityfordiscriminationandcontrol,whileattheotherendofthescaleare“transfermachines”,astheyarenowcalled,whichmaybeassimpleasaconveyorbelttoanother.Anautomaticmechanismisonewhichhasacapacityforself-regulation;thatis,itcanregulateorcontrolthesystemorprocesswithouttheneedforconstanthumanattentionoradjustment.Nowpeopleoftentalkabout“feedback”asbeinganessentialfactorofthenewindustrialtechniques,uponwhichisbasedanautomaticself-regulatingsystemandbyvirtueofwhichanydeviationinthesystemfromdesiredconditionscanbedetected,measured,reportedandcorrected.When“feedback”isappliedtotheprocessbywhichalargedigitalcomputerrunsattheimmensespeedthroughalongseriesofsums,constantlyrejectingtheanswersuntilitfindsonetofitacomplexsetoffactswhichhavebeenputtoit,itisperhapsdifferentindegreefromwhatwehavepreviouslybeenaccustomedtomachines.

【答案】然而，過去的機械化和今天所發(fā)生的一切之間的區(qū)別并不大。一方面，我們的電腦具有驚人的分辨能力和控制能力，另一方面，則是傳送機，最簡單的是傳送帶。自動機械就是一個有自控能力的裝置，也就是說，它不需要人經(jīng)常調(diào)整和看管，也能夠調(diào)節(jié)或控制系統(tǒng)或過程。現(xiàn)在人們常說‘反饋’是這些新工業(yè)技術(shù)的根本要素，自動的自我調(diào)節(jié)機制就是建立在反饋基礎(chǔ)上的，通過它可以發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)與理想狀態(tài)間的任何偏離，并加以測量，報告并糾正。大型計算機高速進行著各種運算，當(dāng)‘反饋’被運用于該過程中，計算機就會不斷否決錯誤答案，直到找到與輸入的信息相符的正確答案為止，這種機制與我們以前熟悉的機器差別很大。

17.單選題

Thereisnoreasontoinsultand（

）themansimplybecauseyoudonotagreewithhim.

問題1選項

A.depict

B.enervate

C.distort

D.defame

【答案】D

【解析】depict描述，描畫；enervate使衰弱，使失去活力；distort扭曲，變形；defame誹謗，中傷。句意：如果僅僅是因為你不同意他的觀點，那么你沒有理由侮辱和詆毀他。選項D符合句意。

18.單選題

Housewiveswhodonotgoouttoworkoftenfeeltheyarenotworkingtotheirfull______.

問題1選項

A.capacity

B.strength

C.length

D.possibility

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項capacity“能力、容量、資格”；B項strength“力量、力氣”；C項length“長度”；D項possibility“可能性”；句意：不外出工作的家庭主婦感覺家務(wù)活不能讓她們完全施展自己的能力。worktoone’scapacity“充分發(fā)揮才能”；因此該題A項正確。

19.單選題

2.Atfirst,thespeakerwasreferringtotheproblemofpollutioninthecountry,buthalfwayinherspeech,shesuddenly|（

）toanothersubject.

問題1選項

A.committed

B.switched

C.favored

D.transmitted

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。committo…“致力于…”；switchto…“轉(zhuǎn)換到...”；transmitto...“傳送到……”;favor不與tosth.搭配使用。句意：最開始演講者講述的是有關(guān)該國家環(huán)境污染的問題，但她演講到一半就突然轉(zhuǎn)到別的話題上去了。根據(jù)but和anothersubject“別的話題”可知，B項符合題意。故答案選B。

20.單選題

InSecondNature，NobelPrize-winningneuroscientistGeraldEdelmanarguesthatthebrainandmindareunified,buthehaslittlepatiencewiththeclaimthatthebrainisacomputer.Fortunatelyforthegeneralreader,hisexplanationsofbrainfunctionareaccessible,reinforcedbyconcreteexamplesandmetaphors.

Edelmansuggeststhatthankstotherecentdevelopmentofinstrumentscapableofmeasuringbrainstructurewithinmillimetersandbrainactivitywithinmilliseconds,perceptions,thoughts,memories,willedacts,andothermindmatterstraditionallyconsideredprivateandimpenetrabletoscientificscrutinynowcanbecorrelatedwithbrainactivity.Ourconsciousness(a“first-personaffair”displayingintentionality,reflectingbeliefsanddesires,etc.)，ourcreativity,evenourvaluesystems,haveabasisinbrainfunction.

Theauthordescribesthreeunifyinginsightsthatcorrelatemindmatterswithbrainactivity.First,evendistantneuronswillestablishmeaningfulconnections(circuits)iftheirfiringpatternsaresynchronized.Second,experiencecaneitherstrengthenorweakensynapses(neuronalconnections).Finally,thereisreentry,thecontinuedsignalingfromonebrainregiontoanotherandbackagainalongmassivelyparallelnervefibers.

Edelmanconcedesthatneurologicalexplanationsforconsciousnessandotheraspectsofmindarenotcurrentlyavailable,butheisconfidentthattheywillbesoon.Meanwhile,heiscomfortablehazardingaguess:“Allofourmentallife...isbasedonthestructureanddynamicsofourbrain.”Despitethisoptimismabouttheexplanatorypowersofneuroscience,Edelmanacknowledgesthepitfallsinattemptingtoexplainallaspectsofmindinneurologicalterms.Indeed,culture—notbiology—istheprimarydeterminantofthebrain’sevolution,andhasbeensincetheemergenceoflanguage,henotes.

However,IwassurprisedtolearnthatheconsidersSigmundFreud“thekeyexpositoroftheeffectsofunconsciousprocessesonbehavior.”SuchacommentignoreshowslightlyFreud’sconceptionoftheunconscious,withitsemphasisonsexualityandaggression,resemblesthecognitiveunconsciousstudiedbyneuroscientists.

Still,SecondNatureiswellworthreading.Itservesasabridgebetweenthetraditionallyseparatecampsof“hard”scienceandthehumanities.Readerswithoutatleastsomefamiliaritywithbrainsciencewilllikelyfindthegoingdifficultatcertainpoints.Nonetheless,Edelmanhasachievedhisgoalofproducingaprovocativeexplorationof“howwecometoknowtheworldandourselves”.

1.GeraldEdelmanwouldmostprobablysupporttheideathatthebrain（

）.

2.Itwaspreviouslyfeltthatperceptionsandothermindmatterscouldhardlybe

（

）.

3.Edelmanfirmlybelievesthat

（

）.

4.AccordingtoEdelman,toprovideathoroughexplanationofhumanmind,neurosciencewillbe

（

）.

5.Theauthordisagreeswiththeideathattheneuroscience-basedcognitiveunconsciouscanbe

（

）.

6.Accordingtotheauthor，SecondNatureisagoodbookbecause（

）.

問題1選項

A.co-functionswiththemind

B.workslikeacomputer

C.hasanaccessiblefunction

D.sendssignalstothemind

問題2選項

A.treatedasasignificantissue

B.studiedwithscientificmethods

C.separatedfrombrainactivity

D.handledwithsurgicalinstruments

問題3選項

A.brainsignalswillrepeatedlygofromonebrainregiontoanother.

B.experiencewillhaveanilleffectonneuronalconnections

C.distantneuronswillhelpsynchronizetheirfiringpatterns

D.mindmatterswillbeexplainedfromaneurologicalperspective

問題4選項

A.responsible

B.insufficient

C.impractical

D.reliable

問題5選項

A.clearlyexplainedbyFreud’stheory

B.affectedbylanguageacquisition

C.studiedrelevantlytosexualbehavior

D.examinedconcerningculturalbackgrounds

問題6選項

A.itintereststhereaderinspiritualactivities

B.itappealstothereadertostudybioscience

C.itsetsthereaderprobingintohumancognition

D.itpresentstheadvancementofnaturalscience

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第一段第一句。根據(jù)“InSecondNature，NobelPrize-winningneuroscientistGeraldEdelmanarguesthatthebrainandmindareunified,buthehaslittlepatiencewiththeclaimthatthebrainisacomputer.(諾貝爾獎獲得者神經(jīng)學(xué)家杰拉爾德?埃德爾曼認為,大腦和思維是統(tǒng)一的,但他對大腦是一臺電腦這一觀點毫無耐心。)”即可得出本題答案。

2.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第二段第一句。根據(jù)“…mindmatterstraditionallyconsideredprivateandimpenetrabletoscientificscrutinynowcanbecorrelatedwithbrainactivity.（傳統(tǒng)上被認為是私人的、無法通過科學(xué)檢查的精神問題，現(xiàn)在可能與大腦活動有關(guān)）”即可得出本題答案。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第四段第一句。根據(jù)“Edelmanconcedesthatneurologicalexplanationsforconsciousnessandotheraspectsofmindarenotcurrentlyavailable,butheisconfidentthattheywillbesoon.（埃德爾曼承認，目前還沒有對意識和思維其他方面的神經(jīng)學(xué)解釋，但他相信很快就會有。）”,即可得出本題答案。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第四段第三句。根據(jù)“Edelmanacknowledgesthepitfallsinattemptingtoexplainallaspectsofmindinneurologicalterms.（埃德爾曼承認，試圖用神經(jīng)學(xué)術(shù)語解釋思維的所有方面存在缺陷）”即可得出本題答案。

5.細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第五段。本段大意為：作者并不同意Edelman的觀點，因為作者認為SigmundFreud關(guān)于無意識的概念與神經(jīng)科學(xué)家們提出的認知無意識的觀點并無相似之處。(SuchacommentignoreshowslightlyFreud’sconceptionoftheunconscious,withitsemphasisonsexualityandaggression,resemblesthecognitiveunconsciousstudiedbyneuroscientists.)從而得出本題答案。

6.細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文最后一段?！癐tservesasabridgebetweenthetraditionallyseparatecampsof“hard”scienceandthehumanities.(它是連接傳統(tǒng)上“硬”科學(xué)和人文學(xué)科兩大陣營的橋梁。)”通過歸納推理即可得出本題答案。

21.單選題

Theprisoner（）ameansofescapefromprison.

問題1選項

A.contrived

B.conspired

C.intrigued

D.plotted

【答案】D

【解析】contrive設(shè)計，謀劃；conspire共謀，協(xié)力；intrigue用詭計取得；plot密謀。選項A強調(diào)設(shè)法得到；選項B強調(diào)兩個人合作；選項C強調(diào)用詭計取得；選項D強調(diào)秘密的籌劃。所以選項D更符合語境。

22.單選題

Imarvelthathe______,ithavingbeensaidhehadtakenhisfinaldepartureforPortugal.

問題1選項

A.wasnotherenow

B.shouldnowbehere

C.hadbeenaway

D.ha