考研考博-英語-天津工程職業(yè)技術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津工程職業(yè)技術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Hewasaskedtobethe（

）ofthebadmintongamebecausehewasanimpartialperson.

問題1選項

A.judge

B.umpire

C.fan

D.controller

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。judge意為“法官，審判員”，泛指各種場合中的評判人員；umpire意為“裁判員”多用于仲裁者本身不需隨比賽移動位置，如羽毛球、游泳、板球、棒球等；fan意為“迷，狂熱愛好者，風扇”；controller意為“(尤指大型機構或部門的)管理者，控制者”。由thebadmintongame（羽毛球比賽）可知選B。

句意：他被要求擔任羽毛球比賽的裁判，因為他是一個公正的人。

2.單選題

Theactivitiesoftheinternationalmarketingresearcherarefrequentlymuchbroaderthan（）.

問題1選項

A.thedomesticmarketerhas

B.thoseofthedomesticmarketer

C.thedomesticmarketerdoes

D.thatwhichhasthedomesticmarketer

【答案】B

【解析】這是一個比較從句,those在從句中替代activities。所以選項B正確。

3.單選題

Isitadvisableto______ourbodytothesunlight?

問題1選項

A.reveal

B.display

C.expose

D.show

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項reveal“揭露，泄露”，B項display“顯示，陳列”，C項expose“暴露”，D項show“展示”。根據(jù)關鍵詞body“身體”和sunlight“陽光”可知，空格部分表示“暴露”符合語境。句意：把我們的身體暴露在陽光下可取嗎？因此，該題選擇C項正確。

4.單選題

Jackneedsstraighteningout;hehasbeen_____thewholefemalepopulationofhisclass.

問題1選項

A.standingupto

B.owningupto

C.messingaroundwith

D.makingupfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。standupto“經(jīng)得起，抵抗”；ownupto“承認錯誤”；messaroundwith“胡鬧，玩弄”；makeupfor“補償，彌補”。句意：杰克需要改正錯誤，因為他一直和班上女生打鬧。選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

Afterseveralnucleardisasters,a（

）hasragedoverthesafetyofnuclearenergy.

問題1選項

A.quarrel

B.suspicion

C.controversy

D.verdict

【答案】C

【解析】句意:發(fā)生幾次核災難之后，關于核能安全的問題引發(fā)了一場激烈的爭論。

名詞辨析。quarrel吵架,口角;suspicion懷疑,疑心;controversy爭論,辯論;verdict（陪審團的）裁定。故C符合句意。

6.單選題

Theytook______measurestopreventpoisonousgasesfromescaping.

問題1選項

A.efficient

B.beneficial

C.valid

D.effective

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項efficient“有效率的，有能力的”，B項beneficial“有益的，有利的”，C項valid“有效的，合法的”，側指文件的有效性，D項effective“有效果的，起作用的”。根據(jù)后面部分句子measurestopreventpoisonousgasesfromescaping“防止有毒氣體泄漏的措施”可知，D項符合語境。句意：他們采取了有效措施防止有毒氣體泄漏。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

7.單選題

Britishfoodhasagoodreputation,butEnglishcookinghasabadone.Itisdifficulttoexplainthereasonforthis.Unfortunately,however,superbrawingredientsareoftenminedfromthekitchensothattheycometothetablewithoutanyofthenaturalflavorandgoodness.

ThisbadreputationdiscouragesalotofpeoplefromeatinginanEnglishrestaurant.Iftheydogotoone,theyareusuallyfullofprejudiceagainstthefood.Itisapity,becausethereareexcellentcooksinEngland,excellentrestaurants,andexcellenthome-cooking.How,then,hasthebadreputationbeenbuiltup?

PerhapsonereasonisthatBritain’sIndustrialRevolutionoccurredveryearly,inthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury.Asaresult;thequalityoffoodchangedtoo.ThiswasbecauseBritainstoppedbeingalargelyagriculturalcountry.Thepopulationofthetownsincreasedenormouslybetween1840and1870,andpeoplecouldnolongergrowtheirownfood,orbuyitfleshfromafarm.Hugequantitiesoffoodhadtobetakentothetowns,andalotofitlostitsfreshnessontheway.

Thislackoffreshnesswasdisguisedby“dressingup”thefood.Therichmiddleclassesate16ngelaboratemealswhichwerecookedforthembyFrenchchefs.Frenchbecame,andhasremained,theofficiallanguageofthediningroom.Out-of-seasondelicacieswereservedinspiteoftheirexpense,fortherewerealargenumberofextremelywealthypeoplewhowantedtoestablishthemselvessocially.The“l(fā)ook”ofthefoodwasmoreimportantthanitstaste.

Inthe1930s,thesupplyofservantbegantodecrease.Peoplestilltriedtoproducecomplicateddishes,however,buttheyeconomizedonthepreparationtime.TheSecondWorldWarmadethingsevenworsebymakingrawingredientsextremelyscarce.Asaresult,thereweremanywomenwhoneverhadtheopportunitytochooseapieceofmeatfromawell-stockedbutcher’sshop,butwerecontentandgratefultoacceptanythingthatwasofferedtothem.

FoodrationingcontinuedinBritainuntiltheearly1950s.Itwasonlyafterthishadstopped,andbutter,eggsandcreambecamemoreplentiful,anditwaspossibletotravelabroadagainandtasteotherwaysofpreparingfood,thattheEnglishdifferencetoeatingbecamereplacedbyanewenthusiasmforit.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,itisdifficulttoexplain（）.

2.ThenegativeeffectofBritain’sIndustrialRevolutiononEnglishcookingisthat（）.

3.AsaresultoftheIndustrialRevolution,（）.

4.TheSecondWorldWarworsenedtheproblembecause（）.

5.AnewenthusiasmforeatingemergedinBritain（）.

問題1選項

A.whyexcellentingredientsarespoiledintheprocessofcooking

B.whypeopledonotlikeEnglishcooking

C.whyBritishfoodoftenhasanaturalflavor

D.whypeoplepreferhome-cookingtoreadymadefood

問題2選項

A.thepopulationinthecountrysidedecreaseddramatically

B.peoplenolongergrewtheirownfoodontheirownfarms

C.thefreshnessoffoodwaslostonthewaytothecities

D.Britainwasnolongeranagriculturalcountry

問題3選項

A.moreattentionwasgiventothelookofthefood

B.FrenchbecametheofficiallanguageinEnglishrestaurants

C.alargenumberofextremelywealthypeopleateinFrenchrestaurants

D.out-of-seasondelicaciesbecameveryexpensive

問題4選項

A.therewasanincreasingdemandforservants

B.therewasalackofrawingredientsupply

C.manywomenrefusedtochoosemeatfrombutcher’sshops

D.FrenchchefsdominatedEnglishrestaurants

問題5選項

A.whenmanywomenfinallyhadtheopportunitytopurchasefleshmeatfromawell-stockedbutcher’sshop

B.whenbutter,eggsandcreambecameavailable

C.whenpeoplestartedtravelingtoothercities

D.aftertheearly1950s

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的一二句“Britishfoodhasagoodreputation,butEnglishcookinghasabadone.Itisdifficulttoexplainthereasonforthis.”可知，很難解釋的是為什么人們不喜歡英國的烹飪。選項B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)關鍵詞“IndustrialRevolution”定位到第三段，根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，英國工業(yè)革命對英國烹飪產(chǎn)生的一個負面影響是“Hugequantitiesoffoodhadtobetakentothetowns,andalotofitlostitsfreshnessontheway.”大量的食物被運到城鎮(zhèn)，食物在運輸?shù)倪^程中不再新鮮。選項C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第四段最后一句“The“l(fā)ook”ofthefoodwasmoreimportantthanitstaste.”工業(yè)革命使得人們更注重食物的外觀而不是口感。選項A符合原文。

4.根據(jù)關鍵詞“TheSecondWorldWar”定位到倒數(shù)第二段第三句“TheSecondWorldWarmadethingsevenworsebymakingrawingredientsextremelyscarce.”二戰(zhàn)使得原材料極度匱乏，情況更加糟糕。選項B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，在1950年以后，英國出現(xiàn)了一種新的飲食熱潮。選項D正確。

8.單選題

Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe“fit”insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydaylives,wementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermsoftheirstatuses.Forexample,wemustjudgewhetherthepersoninthelibraryisareaderoralibrarian,whetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesman,whethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathieforameterreader,andsoon.

Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounter,andchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscan,atveryhighspeed,assumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatuses,andallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothers,mostofusperformitrathereffortlessly.

Astatushasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimits,thebuyercanchoose,styleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesefamerorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyoursociety.Furthermore,ourchoiceislimitedtoasizethatwillfit,aswellasbyourpocketbook.Havingmadeachoicewithintheselimitswecanhavecertainalterationsmade,butapartfromminoradjustments,wetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreshaveontheirracks.Statusestoo,comereadymade,andtherangeofchoice,amongthemislimited.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,thewritertellsusthatstatusescanhelpus（）.

2.Accordingtothewriter,peopleoftenassumedifferentstatuses（）.

3.Theword"appraisal"inparagraph2mostprobablymeans（）.

4.Inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph,thepronoun“it”refersto（）.

5.Bysayingthat“anAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesefarmerorthatofaHinduprince”(Para.3),thewritermeans（）.

問題1選項

A.makefriendswithotherpeople

B.determinewhetherapersonisfitforacertainjob

C.protectourselvesinunfamiliarsituations

D.behaveappropriatelyinrelationtootherpeople

問題2選項

A.inordertobetteridentifyothers

B.astheirmentalprocesseschange

C.asthesituationchange

D.inordertoidentifythemselveswithothers

問題3選項

A.involvement

B.assessment

C.appreciation

D.presentation

問題4選項

A.constantmentalprocess

B.selectingone’sownstatus

C.curiosityofotherpeople'sstatuses

D.fittingouractionstothoseofotherpeopleappropriately

問題5選項

A.differentpeoplehavedifferentstylesofclothes

B.ready-madeclothesmayneedalterations

C.ourchoiceofstatusesislimited

D.statusescomereadymadejustlikeclothes

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第一段首句“Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe‘fit’insociety.地位是人類不可思議的發(fā)明，它使我們能夠彼此和睦相處,并決定我們在社會中‘適當?shù)摹恢谩！币簿褪钦f，在與他人相處時舉止得體，選項D符合原文。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段的一二句“Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounter,andchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscan,ataveryhighspeed,assumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.我們所假定的身份常常隨著我們遇到的人而變化，并且在一生中不斷變化。我們大多數(shù)人都能以非常快的速度假定各種情況所需要的狀態(tài)?！币簿褪钦f，人們所假定的身份隨著外部環(huán)境的改變而發(fā)生改變。選項C符合原文。

3.語義推斷題。A選項involvement“牽連，包含”；B選項assessment“評定，估價”；C選項appreciation“欣賞，鑒別”；D選項presentation“描述，介紹”。根據(jù)原文句意：這意味著我們的行為與其他人的行為相適應是建立在對他人的評價和解釋這種持續(xù)的心理過程之上的。由此可知，appraisal指評估，判斷，所以選項B與之意思相近。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句話可知，這里的it指的是前半句提到的“thetask”，而“thetask”指代的是上文提到的fitouractionstothoseofotherpeople。所以選項D符合原文。

5.作者意圖題。結合原文內(nèi)容可知，作者通過將身份比作衣服，說明身份像衣服一樣，受到社會的限制，選擇的范圍有限。所以選項C正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

9.翻譯題

今諸生學于太學(theImperialCollege)，縣官(theroyalcourt)日有廩稍之供，父母歲有裘葛之遺，無凍餒之患矣；坐大廈之下而誦《詩》《書》，無奔走之勞矣；有司業(yè)(DirectorsofStudies)、博士之師，未有問而不告，求而不得者也；凡所宜有之書集于此，不必若余之手錄，假諸人而后見也。其業(yè)有不精，德有不成者，非天質(zhì)之卑，則心不若余之專耳，豈他人之過哉？(5分)

人們?yōu)閴粝攵窢帲鐬樨敭a(chǎn)而斗爭一樣。于是夢想即由幻想的世界走進了現(xiàn)實的世界，而成為了我們生命中的一個真實力量。夢想無論怎樣模糊，總潛伏在我們心底，使我們的心境永遠得不到寧靜，直到這些夢想成為事實為止；像種子在底下一樣，一定要萌芽滋長，伸出地面來，尋找陽光。(4分)

目前是研究在交叉文化與多種文化方面人類的相似性的最好時機了。差異談得夠多了。強調(diào)我們的差異使我們?nèi)祟惐舜耸柽h，使我們長久地相互猜疑；在極端的情況下加深我們的分歧使我們彼此否定，失去人性結果是導致相互殘殺。(3分)

刑事偵破(forensic)科學家的工作，與其說是迅速和富于洞察力，不如說是更為緩慢，更具有分析性的。但這種方法所展示出的高質(zhì)量與謹慎可由如下事實得以反映出來：只有少數(shù)案件真正會成為審判室的主要案件。鑒于在預審中被告所聽到的刑偵證據(jù)之確鑿，他們常常折服于證明他們有罪的有分量的科學信息，并且在審判還未開始之前就低頭認罪。（3分）

【答案】NowadaysmanystudentspursueaneducationintheImperialCollege,theywouldn’tneedtoworryaboutstarvationandcoldnessastheroyalcourtwouldofferthemeverydayfoodforfreeandparentsyourseasonalclothes.Withoutgoingoutside,theyjustsitinthecomfortableroomandreadtheclassicpoemsandhistoricalbooks.WithDirectorsofStudiesandMr.Knowledgebeingtheirteachers,alloftheirquestionsandinquirieswillbesolved.TheCollegehassuchasufficientcollectionofbooksthattheyneedn’tmakehandwrittencopiesafterborrowingbooksfromotherslikeIdidbefore.Iftheymakenoachievementintheirstudyandfailtobeapersonofhighvirtue,itdoesn’tresultfromtheirlearningabilitybuttheirlessdevotion.Itistheirownfault.

Peoplefightfordreamsjustthesameasforwealth.Dreamscomeintotherealityworldfromafantasyone,andbecomeakindofrealforceinourlives.Nomatterhowpuzzlingtheymayseem,dreamshideinourinnerheartssothatwecouldeverfindnopeaceinourmindsuntiltheybecomereality.Likeseedsdeepunderground,dreamssproutandgrowtofindthesun.

Itisthebesttimenowtostudyonhumansimilaritiesincross-cultureandmulti-cultureaspects.Nomoredifferences.Emphasizingthedifferenceskeepsusawayfromeachotherandsuspectseachotherforalongtime.Deepeningourdivergenceswouldresultin,tosomeextremes,ourdoubtstoeverybody,andmakeourhumannaturelost,wemightendupwithcruelkillingamongus.

Ratherthanbeingquickandofgreatinsight,theforensicscientists'workremainsslowandanalytic.Thehighqualityandcarefulnessofthismethod,however,couldbeshownonthefollowingfacts.Onlyafewcaseswouldactuallycometotrial.Thedefendantsareoftenconvincedbytheforensicevidencepresentedinthepre-trials,whicharescientificandimportantenoughtoestablishtheirguilt,andcommittocrimesbeforetrials.admittheircrimesbeforetrials.

10.單選題

Businesstourismisverylucrativeasbusinesstravelershaveahigherspendthanleisuretourists,which（）createsmorejobs.

問題1選項

A.inessence

B.incontrast

C.inturn

D.inpart

【答案】D

【解析】考查介詞短語辨析。A選項inessence表示“本質(zhì)上，大體上”；B選項incontrast表示“與之相反，比較起來”；C選項inturn表示“反過來，輪流”；D選項inpart表示“部分地，在某種程度上”。由句意可知，商務旅游是非常有利可圖的，因為商務旅行者比休閑游客有更高的消費，這___創(chuàng)造了更多的就業(yè)機會。對比四個選項，只有D選項最符合句意。因此，本題正確答案為D選項。

11.單選題

Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehascometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposedhisrulebybruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfiretocitiesandbylootingandpillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinotherrespectsappealtobereasonablemen,getupandcalmlyargueinfavorofviolenceasifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreallyfrightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwhenitcomestothecrunch,wehavemadenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-paint,butourinstinctsremainbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearntthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakeitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshedandthesufferingmeannothing.Nosolutionevercomestolightthemorningafterthenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwonderwhathitus.

Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolentactswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaninguptheslumsandghettos,atimprovingliving-standardsandprovidingeducationandemploymentforall,Wewouldnothavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesinitswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfilltheidealsofastablesocialprogramme.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfromconstructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.

Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetweentheraces,wemustappreciateeachother’sproblems.Andtodothis,wemustlearnaboutthem:itisasimpleexerciseincommunication,inexchanginginformation.“Talk,talk,talk，’’theadvocatesofviolencesay,“allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser.”It’sratherlikethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscasetothejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.“Possible,mylord,”thebarristerreplied“nonethewiser,butsurelyfarbetterinformed.”Knowledgeisthenecessary,prerequisitetoWisdom:theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsitpretendstosolve.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Recordedhistoryhastaughtus（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen

（

）.

4.“Hewasnonethewiser”means

（

）.

5.Accordingtheauthorthebestwaytosolveraceprejudiceis（

）.

問題1選項

A.AdvocatingViolence.

B.ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice.

C.ImportantPeopleonBothSidesViolenceasaLegitimateSolution.

D.TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence.

問題2選項

A.violenceneversolvesanything

B.nothing

C.thebloodshedmeansnothing

D.everything

問題3選項

A.can’tgetahearing

B.arelookeddownupon

C.arepersecuted

D.havedifficultyinadvocatinglawenforcement

問題4選項

A.hewasnotatallwiseinlistening

B.Hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbefore

C.Hegainsnothingafterlistening

D.Hemakesnosenseoftheargument

問題5選項

A.lawenforcement

B.knowledge

C.nonviolence

D.moppinguptheviolent

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題目問的是“這篇文章最適合的標題是……”。文章提到有些國家的人傾向于用暴力解決問題，這種行為甚至被認為是理所當然的（Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehascometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned），接著又提到暴力解決不了問題，只會讓問題更尖銳（Wehavestillnotlearntthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakeitmoreacute），因此，選項B“暴力不能解決任何種族糾紛”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的“有記錄的歷史教會我們……”。文章第一段提到“人類有記載的那些關于暴力的歷史完全沒有教我們?nèi)魏螙|西”（Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing），因此選項B符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“可以推斷真正理智的人……”。文章第二段第一二句提到“真正理智的人會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的方法越來越難以被傾聽。他們被自己的同類鄙視，不信任、甚至迫害，因為他們宣揚的是讓他人憤怒的事情”（Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement），選項D“在支持執(zhí)法上遇到困難”符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“‘Hewasnonethewiser’意味著……”。文章第三段提到“聽了一場冗長的辯論后，法官抱怨說，聽了這番話，他還是一竅不通”（Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser），因此選項C“傾聽后他什么都沒得到”符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“在作者看來，消除種族歧視問題的最好辦法是……”。文章第二段最后一句話提到“只要我們在法律框架內(nèi)努力，真正的與長久的解決辦法將有可能”（Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw），選項A符合題意。

12.單選題

Stadiumsandgymnasiumsarejustsomeofthetown’slocal______.

問題1選項

A.amenities

B.amendments

C.ameliorations

D.amusements

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項amenity“生活福利設施，便利設施”，B項amendment“（法律、文件的）改動，修改”，C項amelioration“改進，改善”，D項amusement“消遣，娛樂”。由stadiums（體育場）和gymnasiums（體育館）可知，A項符合。句意：體育場和體育館只是鎮(zhèn)上的一些地方設施。因此，該題選擇A項。

13.單選題

Hewasinextremestateofdistressanddepressionwhenheknewthathehad（）lungcancer.

問題1選項

A.extracted

B.contracted

C.abstracted

D.attracted

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配題。contractadisease為固定搭配,意為"感染疾病";extract"提取;搾出",一般與介詞from連用;abstract"提取,摘要";attract"吸引,引起…的注意"。句意：當他知道自己得了肺癌時，他極度痛苦和沮喪。

14.單選題

OneofthefavoritefoodsintheUnitedStatesisthehamburger,akindofflatroundbreadwithfine-cutbeefinbetween.Thefavoriteplacetobuyahamburgerisafastfoodrestaurant.Atfastfoodrestaurants,peopleordertheirfood,waitafewminutestogetitoverthecounter,andcarryittotheirtablesthemselves.Peoplealsotaketheirfoodoutoftherestauranttoeatitintheircarsorintheirhomes.Atsomefastfoodrestaurants,peoplecanordertheirfood,payforitandpickitupwithoutleavingtheircars.

TherearemanykindsoffastfoodrestaurantsintheUnitedStates.MostoftherestaurantssellhamburgersorotherpopularfoodsamongAmericans.Inaddition,therearemanyfastfoodrestaurantsthatserveChinesefood,Italianfood,chicken,seafoodandicecream.Theideaofafastfoodrestaurantissopopularthatnearlyeverykindoffoodcanbefoundinone.

FastfoodrestaurantsarepopularbecausetheyshowtheAmericanwayoflife.First,theyarenotformalrestaurants.Peoplewearanytypeofdresswhentheygotoafastfoodplace.Second,theyarefast.Peoplewhoarebusydonotwanttospendtimepreparingtheirfoodorwaitingwhilesomeoneelsepreparesit.Infastfoodrestaurantsthefoodrestaurantisnotexpensive.Therefore,peoplecanofteneatatafastfoodrestaurantwithoutspendingtoomuchmoney,whiletheymaynotbeabletogotomoreexpensiverest

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

2.Fastfoodrestaurantsarepopularbecausethey（

）.

3.Accordingtothewriter,Americanpeople

（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,thefavoriterestaurantsintheU.S.are

（

）.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe（

）.

問題1選項

A.Chinesefoodisalsoservedinsomefastfoodrestaurants

B.Peoplecanhavealmosteverykindoffoodinfastfoodrestaurants

C.Fastfoodcanbetakenoutoftherestaurants

D.Fastfoodcanbetakenoutoftherestaurants

問題2選項

A.aremany

B.arefast

C.areexpensiverestaurants

D.serveexpensivefood

問題3選項

A.arealwaysbusy

B.preferordinarytypeofdress

C.donotwanttospendtoomuchtimepreparingtheirfood

D.gotomoreexpensiverestaurantsveryoften

問題4選項

A.theChineserestaurants

B.thefastfoodrestaurants

C.moreexpensiverestaurants

D.lessexpensiverestaurants

問題5選項

A.FastfoodRestaurantsintheU.S.

B.TheFavoriteFoodintheU.S.

C.TheAmericanWayofLife

D.DifferentKindsofRestaurants

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。文章最后一段指出:mostfoodinafastfoodrestaurantisnotexpensive(快餐店的大多數(shù)食物都不貴),因此C項錯誤。

2.細節(jié)事實題。第三段指出:FastfoodrestaurantsarepopularbecausetheyshowtheAmericanwayoflife(快餐店很受歡迎，因為它們展現(xiàn)了美國人的生活方式),后面指出了受歡迎的第二點原因,即快餐店很快。因此B正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。第三段指出:peoplewhoarebusydonotwanttospendtimepreparingtheirfood...(忙碌的人不想花時間準備食物),因此C正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。第三段指出:Fastfoodrestaurantsarepopular…,而且文章都是在講快餐店很受歡迎。故B項“快餐店”正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段講快餐店的點餐方式,第二段講美國快餐店種類之多,第三段講快餐店受歡迎的原因。因此A項“美國的快餐店”正確。

15.單選題

Islifetodaymoredangerousthanitusedtobe?Itcertainlyseemsthatway.Withtheradiationemittedbyourhouses,thearsenic(砷)inthewaterandthetoxicrayscomingoutofcellphones,itisn’treallysafetosleep,drinkortalk.

LastweektheentireMetrosysteminWashingtonhadtoclosedownbecausesomeonemightbeblownontothetracksduringahurricane.ThisweekchildreninWashingtonwerenotallowedtogotoschoolforawholedaybecausestreetswereblockedbyfallentreesandpowerlines,andtrafficlightsatsomeintersectionsweren’tworking.Apreviousgenerationmighthavewalkedaroundthefallentreesandlookedbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet,butthechildrenofthisgenerationclearlyliveinamuchmoredangerousworld,andweneedtoprotectthem.

AfterSept.11,2001,thousandsofpeoplesworeoffairplanesandbegandrivingcars.Infact,theoddsofbeingkilledinaterroristincidentin2002wereonein9million.Inthatsameyear,theoddsofdyinginatrafficaccidentwereaboutonein7,000.

Bytakingtheprecautionofnotflying,manypeopledied.

Therearesomeclearpsychologicalexplanationsforsomeofthis.It’safactthatpeoplefearman-madedisasters(terrorism)farmorethantheyfearnaturaldisasters(hurricanes),andtheyaremoreafraidofthingstheydonotcontrol,whichiswhydrivingacardoesfeelsaferthanflyinginanairplane.Also,althoughIhavenoproof,I’llhazardaguessthatpeoplearedisproportionatelyfrightenedbythingstheyreadaboutinthenewspaper.Bycontrast,theyaredisproportionatelywillingtodiscounttheevidenceoftheirownexperience.Ifyoulookaroundyourneighborhood,you’llnoticethatthewaterisclean—whichitwouldn’tnecessarilyhavebeen100yearsago—andthatthefoodisn’trottenorstale.

LifeisfarsaferfortheaverageAmericanthaniteverhastojustaboutanybodyatanyothertimeinhumanhistory—andmaybethatexplainstheludicrousprecautionsthatcityofficialsandfederalbureaucratsandeveryoneelsefeelsobligatedtotakenowadaystosatisfythepublic’sdemands.Nowthatwe’veeliminatedmostofthethingsthatthehumanraceoncefeared,we’vejustinventednewonestoreplacethem.

1.ChildrenarenotallowedtogotoschoolforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT______.

2.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatthepreviousgeneration______.

3.Whichistheacceptedpsychologicalexplanationforpeople’sfearasmentionedinthepassage?

4.Itisindicatedinthepassagethatinthepast______.

5．Theauthorbelievesthat______.

問題1選項

A.fallentrees

B.fallenpowerlines

C.acominghurricane

D.brokentrafficlights

問題2選項

A.knewbetterhowtoavoiddanger

B.waslessfussyaboutdangers

C.livedinamoredangerousworld

D.wasbetteratprotectingthemselves

問題3選項

A.Peoplearemoreafraidofthingstheydonotknowthanthingstheyarefamiliarwith.

B.Peoplearemoreafraidofdangersreportedinnewspapersthanthosetheyexperience.

C.Peoplearemoreafraidofflyinginanairplanethanridingatrain.

D.Peoplearemoreafraidofterroristdisastersthannaturaldisasters.

問題4選項

A.lifewasmoreenjoyable

B.waterwaslesscleanandfresh

C.foodswereofbettertasteandquality

D.streetsweresaferforchildrentocross

問題5選項

A.peopleareoverreactingtodangersnowadays

B.peoplehavegoodreasontofearthedangerstoday

C.lifeisfullofdangers,especiallyafterthe9.11attacks

D.childrenshouldbebetterprotectedagainstdangers

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.客觀細節(jié)題。A選項“倒下的樹木”，B選項“掉落的電線”，由原文becausestreetswereblockedbyfallentrees（因為街道被倒下的樹木和電線堵塞了）可知，A,B選項是華盛頓的孩子們不能去上學的原因，排除A,B。D選項“交通燈壞了”，由原文andtrafficlightsatsomeintersectionsweren’tworking.（一些十字路口的交通燈也不能工作。）可知，D選項是華盛頓的孩子們不能去上學的原因，排除D。C選項“即將到來的颶風”，由原文可知，颶風已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，所以本題選C。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Apreviousgenerationmighthavewalkedaroundthefallentreesandlookedbothwaysbeforecrossingthestreet,butthechildrenofthisgenerationclearlyliveinamuchmoredangerousworld,andweneedtoprotectthem.（上一代可能會在過馬路前繞著倒下的樹走，左右張望，但這一代的孩子顯然生活在一個更加危險的世界里，我們需要保護他們。），說明上一代人更懂得如何在面對危險時保護自己。因此D選項“在保護自己方面做得更好”正確。A選項“更知道如何避免危險”，B選項“對危險不那么挑剔”在文中沒有提及，所以A,B錯誤。C選項“生活在一個更危險的世界里”，由原文可知，是這一代的孩子生活在更危險的世界里，所以C錯誤。

3.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段第一、二句Therearesomeclearpsychologicalexplanationsforsomeofthis…andtheyaremoreafraidofthingstheydonotcontrol（對此有一些明確的心理學解釋……人們更害怕自己無法控制的東西），說明對恐懼的公認心理學解釋是人們更害怕未知的無法控制的東西。因此A選項“人們更害怕他們不知道的東西，而不是他們熟悉的東西?！闭_。B選項“人們更害怕報紙上報道的危險，而不是他們所經(jīng)歷的?！?，C選項“比起坐火車，人們更害怕坐飛機?！?，D選項“比起自然災害，人們更害怕恐怖主意災難?！倍际蔷唧w的事例，而不是心理學解釋，所以B,C,D錯誤。

4.客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Ifyoulookaroundyourneighborhood,you’llnoticethatthewaterisclean—whichitwouldn’tnecessarilyhavebeen100yearsago—andthat