考研考博-英語-合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Shealwayshandledtheproblems（）herownexperienceandprinciples.

問題1選項

A.inthelightof

B.intheeventof

C.inthefaceof

D.inthecourseof

【答案】A

【解析】介詞詞組辨析。inthelightof根據(jù)，按照；intheeventof如果……發(fā)生；inthefaceof面臨，面對；inthecourseof在……過程中。句意：她總是根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)驗和原則來處理問題。選項A符合句意。

2.單選題

TheGermangeneralstaffmadeanotherdangerousconcessiontowhattheyconsideredamilitarynecessity.Theplanwouldbe（）notwhencountriesformallydeclaredwarbutsimplywhentheyorderedmobilization.

問題1選項

A.triggered

B.triggering

C.trifling

D.trifled

【答案】A

【解析】trigger引起，發(fā)動；trifle浪費，嘲弄。根據(jù)句意：德國總參謀部對他們認為是軍事需要的東西又作了危險的讓步。該計劃不會在國家正式宣戰(zhàn)時啟動，而只是在國家下令動員時啟動。首先排除選項C和D，計劃是被啟動，所以選項A正確。

3.單選題

Itisa（

）thatinsucharichcountrythereshouldbesomanypoorpeoplewhocouldhardlykeeptheirbodyandsoultogether.

問題1選項

A.hypothesis

B.paradox

C.conflict

D.dispute

【答案】B

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。hypothesis“假設(shè)，假說”；paradox“自相矛盾的人或事”；conflict“沖突，斗爭”；dispute“爭端”。句意：如此富有的一個國家，竟然有這么多貧窮的人難以生存，這是多么的矛盾。選項B符合題意。

4.單選題

DespiteDenmark'smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes.ThiswouldsoundweirdinDanish.WhenDanestalktoforeignersaboutDenmark,theyalwaysbeginbycommentingonitstininess,itsunimportance,thedifficultyofitslanguage,thegeneralsmall-mindednessandselfindulgenceoftheircountrymenandthehightaxes.NoDanewouldlookyouintheeyeandsay’’Denmarkisagreatcountry."You’resupposedtofigurethisoutofyourself.

Itisthelandofthesilksafetynet,wherealmosthalfthenationalbudgetgoestowardsmoothingoutlife’sinequalities,andthereisplentyofmoneyforschools,daycare,retrainingprograms,jobseminars—Danesloveseminars:threedaysatastudycenterhearingaboutwastemanagementisalmostasgoodasaskitrip.ItisaculturebombardedbyEnglish,inadvertising,popmusic,theInternet,anddespitealltheEnglishthatDanishabsorbs―thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit—olddialectspersistinJutlandthatcanbarelybeunderstoodbyCopenhageners.Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,"Fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,"andaforeignerisstruckbythesweetegalitarianismthatprevails,wherethelowliestclerkgivesyoualevelgaze,whereSirandMadamhavedisappearedfromcommonusage,evenMr.andMrs.It’sanationofrecycles-about55%ofDanishgarbagegetsmadeintosomethingnew―andnonuclearpowerplants.It’sanationoftirelessplanners.Trainsrunontime.Thingsoperatewellingeneral.

Suchanationofoverachievers~abrochurefromtheMinistryofBusinessandIndustrysays,"Denmarkisoneoftheworld’scleanestandmostorganizedcountries,withvirtuallynopollution,crime,orpoverty.Denmarkisthemostcorruption-freesocietyintheNorthernHemisphere."So,ofcourse,one'sheartliftsatanysightingofDanishsleaze:skinheadgraffitionbuildings("ForeignersOutofDenmark!")，brokenbeerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark.

Nonetheless,itisanorderlyland.YoudrivethroughaDanishtown,itcomestoanendatastonewall,andontheothersideisafieldofbarley,anicecleanline:townhere,countrythere.Itisnotanationofjaywalkers.Peoplestandonthecurbandwaitfortheredlighttochange,evenifit’s2a.m.andthere’snotacarinsight.However,Danesdon'tthinkofthemselvesasawaiting-at-a-a.m.-for-the-green-lightpeople—that’showtheyseeSwedesandGermans.Danesseethemselvesasjazzypeople,improvisers,morefreespiritedthanSwedes,butthetruthis(thoughoneshouldnotsayit)thatDanesareverymuchlikeGermansandSwedes.Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.Denmarkhasfewnaturalresources，limitedmanufacturingcapability;itsfutureinEuropewillbeasabroker,banker,anddistributorofgoods.YousendyourgoodsbycontainershiptoCopenhagen,andthesebright,young,English-speaking,utterlyhonest,highlydisciplinedpeoplewillgetyourgoodsaroundtoScandinavia,theBalticStates,andRussia.Airports,seaports,highways,andraillinesareultramodernandwell-maintained.

Theorderlinessofthesocietydoesn’tmeanthatDanishlivesarelessmessyorlonelythanyoursormines,andnoDanewouldtellyouso.Youcanhearplentyaboutbitterfamilyfeudsandthesorrowsofalcoholismandaboutperfectlysensiblepeoplewhowentoffonedayandkilledthemselves.Anorderlysocietycannotexemptitsmembersfromthehazardsoflife.

ButthereisasenseofentitlementandsecuritythatDanesgrowupwith.Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueofcitizenship,andyoushouldn’tfeelbadfortakingwhatyou'reentitledto,you'reasgoodasanyoneelse.Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone,thebenefitsyougetifyouloseyourjob,thestepsyoutaketogetanewone;andtheorderlinessofthesystemmakesitpossibleforthecountrytowhetherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.

1.TheauthorthinksthatDanesadoptaattitudetowardstheircountry（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaDanishcharacteristiccitedinthepassage?

3.Theauthor'sreactiontothestatementbytheMinistryofBusinessandIndustryis（

）

4.Accordingtothepassage,Danishorderliness（

）.

5.AttheendofthepassagetheauthorstatesallthefollowingEXCEPTthat（

）

問題1選項

A.boastful

B.modest

C.deprecating

D.mysterious

問題2選項

A.Fondnessofforeign.

B.Equalityinsociety.

C.Linguistictolerance.

D.Persistentplanning.

問題3選項

A.disapproving

B.approving

C.noncommittal

D.doubtful

問題4選項

A.setsthepeopleapartfromGermanandSwedes

B.sparesDanessocialtroublesbesettingotherpeople

C.isconsideredeconomicallyessentialtothecountry

D.preventsDanesfromacknowledgingexistingtroubles

問題5選項

A.Danesareclearlyinformedoftheirsocialbenefits

B.Danestakeforgrantedwhatisgiventothem

C.theopensystemhelpstotidethecountryover

D.orderlinesshasalleviatedunemployment

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句DespiteDenmark'smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes，theyalwaysbeginbycommentingonitstininess,itsunimportance,thedifficultyofitslanguage,thegeneralsmall-mindednessandselfindulgenceoftheircountrymenandthehightaxes.提到盡管在外人看來丹麥有著非常多的有點，但是丹麥人自己并沒有引以為傲，反而他們經(jīng)常會談?wù)撟约簢颐娣e小、語言難懂等缺點，可以看出他們是非常謙虛的，選項B符合題意。

2.文章第三段skinheadgraffitionbuildings("ForeignersOutofDenmark!")提到在某些建筑物上寫著“外國人滾出丹麥”可知部分丹麥人對外國人并不友好，選項A符合題意。

3.文章第三段abrochurefromtheMinistryofBusinessandIndustrysays,"Denmarkisoneoftheworld’scleanestandmostorganizedcountries,withvirtuallynopollution,crime,orpoverty.Denmarkisthemostcorruption-freesocietyintheNorthernHemisphere.”提到丹麥工商部印發(fā)的宣傳冊上宣傳丹麥?zhǔn)鞘澜缟献罡蓛簦钣兄刃虻膰?，然而作者緊接著提出丹麥街頭的一些不好的現(xiàn)象，比如有些大樓上寫著“外國人滾出丹麥”、破碎的啤酒瓶，還有喝醉了的青少年等，由此看出作者對工商局的宣傳持不同意的態(tài)度。選項A符合題意。

4.文章第四段提到得益于做事有序，丹麥在歐洲的未來是作為代理商、銀行和產(chǎn)品分銷商（itsfutureinEuropewillbeasabroker,banker,anddistributorofgoods），選項C符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到y(tǒng)oushouldn’tfeelbadfortakingwhatyou'reentitledto，排除選項B；由therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone可以排除A；由theorderlinessofthesystemmakesitpossibleforthecountrytowhetherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis可以排除選項D。所以選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

Atdusk,Mr.Hightowerwouldsitinhisoldarmchairinthebackyardandwistfullyloseinreminiscenceofhisyouthromances.

問題1選項

A.hopefully

B.reflectively

C.sympathetically

D.irresistibly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。wistfully在句中是“渴望地，希望地”；A選項hopefully“希望地”；B選項reflectively“沉思地”；C選項sympathetically“同情地，憐憫地”；D選項irresistibly“不可抗拒地”。句意：黃昏時分，海托先生會坐在后院的舊扶手椅上渴望沉浸在他青春戀情的回憶中。根據(jù)選項，只有A項符合。

6.單選題

Despitehisdisappointingrecordthisyear,I（）feelheisthebestmaninourteam.

問題1選項

A.however

B.therefore

C.nonetheless

D.otherwise

【答案】C

【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項however表示“然而，可是”，表轉(zhuǎn)折，后面必須用逗號隔開；B選項therefore表示“所以，因此”；C選項nonetheless表示“盡管如此，但是”；D選項otherwise表示“否則”。由Despite“盡管”可知，空缺處應(yīng)表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此只有C符合句意。A項however雖然也表示轉(zhuǎn)折，但后面必須用逗號隔開；【句意】雖然他今年的成績差強人意，但我仍然覺得他是我們隊最好的球員。

7.翻譯題

"Time”saystheproverb“ismoney”.Thismeansthateverymomentwell-spentmayputsomemoneyintoourpockets.(1)Ifourtimeisusefullyemployed,itwilleitherturnoutsomeusefulandimportantpieceofworkwhichwillfetchitspriceinthemarket,oritwilladdtoourexperienceandincreaseourcapacitiessoastoenableustoearnmoneywhentheproperopportunitycomes.Therecanthusbenodoubtthattimeisconvertibleintomoney.Letthose,whothinknothingofwastingtime,rememberthis;letthemrememberthatanhourmisspentisequivalenttothelossofabank-note;andthatanhourutilizedistantamounttosomuchsilverorgold;andthentheywillprobablythinktwicebeforetheygivetheirconsenttothelossofanypartoftheirtime.

Moreover,ourlifeisnothingmorethanourtime.Tokilltimeisthereforeaformofsuicide.(2)Weareshockedwhenwethinkofdeath,andwesparenopains,notrouble,andnoexpensetopreservelife.Butwearetoooftenindifferenttothelossofanhouroraday,forgettingthatourlifeisthesumtotalofthedaysandofthehourswelive.Adayoranhourwastedisthereforesomuchlifeforfeited.Letusbearthisinmind,andwasteoftimewillappeartousinthelightofacrimeasculpableassuicideitself.

Thereisathirdconsiderationwhichalsotendstowarnusagainstlossoftime.Ourlifeisabriefspanmeasuringsomesixtyorseventyyearsinall,butnearlyonehalfofthishastobespentinsleep;someyearshavetobespentoverourmeals;someoverdressingandundressing;someinmakingjourneysonlandandvoyagesbysea;someinmerry-marking,eitheronourownaccountorforthesakeofothers;someincelebratingreligiousandsocialfestivities;someinwatchingoverthesick-bedsofournearestanddearestrelatives.(3)Nowifalltheseyearsweretobedeductedfromthetermoverwhichourlifeextendsweshallfindaboutfifteenortwentyyearsatourdisposalforactivework.Whoeverremembersthiscanneverwillinglywasteasinglemomentofhislife.“Itisastonishing"saysLordChesterfield,“thatanyonecansquanderawayinabsoluteidlenessonesinglemomentofthatportionoftimewhichisallottedtousinthisworld.Knowthetruevalueoftime;snatch,seize,andenjoyeverymomentofit!”

Alltimeisprecious;butthetimeofourchildhoodandofouryouthismorepreciousthananyotherportionofourexistence.Forthosearetheperiodswhenalonewecanacquireknowledgeanddevelopourfacultiesandcapacities.(4)Ifweallowthesemorninghoursoflifetoslipawayunutilized,weshallneverbeabletorecouptheloss.Aswegrowolder,ourpowerofacquisitiongetsblunted,sothattheartorsciencewhichisnotacquiredinchildhoodoryouthwillneverbeacquiredatall.Justasmoneylaidoutatinterestdoublesandtremblesitselfintime,sotheprecioushoursofchildhoodandyouth,ifproperlyused,willyieldusincalculableadvantages.“Everymomentyoulose,”saysLordChesterfield,“issomuchcharacterandadvantagelost;asontheotherhand,everymomentyounowemployusefullyissomuchtimewiselylaidoutatprodigiousinterest.”

Aproperemploymentoftimeisofgreatbenefittousfromamoralpointofview.IdlenessisjustlysaidtobetherustofthemindandanidlebrainissaidtobeSatan'sworkshop.Itismostlywhenyoudonotknowwhattodowithyourselfthatyoudosomethingillorwrong.Themindoftheidlerpreysuponitself.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.

【答案】（1）如果我們的時間使用得當(dāng)，我們就能生產(chǎn)出有用的、重要的產(chǎn)品，而這些產(chǎn)品會在市場上贏得其價值?；蛘呶覀兡芾眠@些時間充實經(jīng)驗，增長才干，而時機來臨時又能轉(zhuǎn)化為錢。

（2）我們想到死，便驚恐不已，因而不惜一切努力、麻煩和費用來保全我們的生命?？墒牵覀儗τ趽p失一個小時或者一天的時間卻往往漠不關(guān)心，忘記了我們的生命原本就是我們生活的每一天、每一小時的總和。

（3）現(xiàn)在如果從我們的壽命中扣除所有這些歲月，我們將會發(fā)現(xiàn)，能受我們支配的有效的工作時間大約僅十五或二十年而已。誰能記住這一點，誰就不會心甘情愿地浪費他生命的每一刻時間。

（4）如果我們讓這些生命的早晨時光悄悄溜走，未得到利用，這損失將永遠也無法彌補。等我們長大了，獲得知識的能力就變得遲鈍了，因此在童年和青年時期未能獲得的知識和技能將永遠不能獲得了。

8.單選題

Iwasnot___byhismanyargumentssofinallyweagreedtodiffer.

問題1選項

A.convicted

B.assured

C.convinced

D.concerned

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項convicted“證明…有罪；宣告…有罪”；B選項assured“保證；擔(dān)保；使確信；弄清楚”；C選項convinced“說服；使確信，使信服”；D選項concerned“影響；牽扯（某人）；關(guān)系到；涉及；使擔(dān)心”。句意：他的許多論點不能使我___，所以最后我們同意各持己見。本句表達“它的論點不能使我信服”，因此C選項正確。

9.單選題

Intheseventeenthcentury,peoplebelievedthatmaggotscamefromdecayingthings.ButFrancescoRedi,ascientist,couldnotbelievethis.“Howcouldlivingthingscomefromdealthings?”heasked.Redibegantobelievethatallwormsfoundinthemeatwerederivedfromthedroppingsofflies,andnotfromthedecayingmeat.This,ofcourse,wasaguessandnotaconclusion.Scientistscallagoodguesslikethisa“workinghypothesis”becauseitgivesthescientistanideaofhowandwheretostarthiswork.

ThenRedibegantogatherandrecordfactstofindoutifhishypothesiswascorrect.Hedidthisbycarryingoutmanyexperiments,whichweredesignedtohelphimgetthefactsheneeded.

Redipreparedthreejarswithapieceofmeatineach.Heleftoneopen;anotherwascoveredwithcheesecloth;andthethirdwasairtight.Heobservednotonce,butmanytimes,thatthefliesflewtotheopenjarandlaidtheireggsonthemeat.

Theseeggshatchedintomaggots.Fliesalsoflewtothejarcoveredwithcheesecloth,althoughtheycouldnotgetintothejartolaytheireggsonthemeat.Fliesrarelyflewtotheairtightjar.Frommanysuchobservations,Rediconcludedthatmaggotscamefromflies’eggsandnotfromthemeat.

Rediwasnotsatisfiedwithdoingjustoneexperiment,Rather,heperformedthisexperimentmanytimesbeforearrivingathisconclusion.Inthism“”annerheeliminatedthepossibilitythathisresultswereduetochance(luck).

1.InhisexperimentRedileftonejaropen（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,anessentialpartofproperscientificexperimentalprocedureisto

（

）.

3.WhatwouldscientistRediprobablycommentonthetheorythatlifeonEarthevolvedfrombasicchemicalspresentintheEarth’sprimitiveatmosphereandseas?

4.Accordingtothepassage,thesignificancea“workinghypothesis”isthatit（

）.

問題1選項

A.becausehehadrunoutoflidsandcheesecloth

B.sothattheflieswouldhaveaccesstothemeat

C.accidentally

D.onlyonce

問題2選項

A.watcheverythingthathappenstolivingcreatures

B.ensurethatmanyvarietiesofasubstanceareused

C.varytheexperimentalconditionstoguaranteegoodresults

D.performnumeroustrialstoreducetheintrusionofrandomeffects

問題3選項

A.Thetheorywasver’reasonable.

B.Suchdevelopmentsarehighlyunlikely.

C.Othertheoriesofcreationwerepossible.

D.Moredataisneededtotestthetruthofthishypothesis.

問題4選項

A.givesthe“scientistsomething”toplaywithinhismind

B.providesamodelofthetrueuniverse

C.allowsusefulstructuringofexperiments

D.providesemploymentforscientists

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。定位到第一段：“Redibegantobelievethatallwormsfoundinthemeatwerederivedfromthedroppingsofflies,andnotfromthedecayingmeat.及第三段“Heobservednotonce,butmanytimes,thatthefliesflewtotheopenjarandlaidtheireggsonthemeat.”Redi開始相信所有在肉中發(fā)現(xiàn)的蠕蟲都來自蒼蠅的糞便，而不是腐爛的肉。他不止一次，而是很多次地觀察到蒼蠅飛到打開的罐子里，在肉上產(chǎn)卵。”與B項相符。

2.判斷推理題。由第三段：Heobservednotonce,butmanytimes可知D項“進行多次嘗試來減少隨機效應(yīng)”正確。A項“觀察所有發(fā)生在生物身上的事情”；B項“確保使用多種物質(zhì)”；C項“改變實驗條件，保證實驗結(jié)果良好”；D項“進行大量試驗以減少隨機效應(yīng)的干擾”。

3.判斷推理題。由“ThenRedibegantogatherandrecordfactstofindoutifhishypothesiswascorrect.Hedidthisbycarryingoutmanyexperiments,whichweredesignedtohelphimgetthefactsheneeded.以及Rediwasnotsatisfiedwithdoingjustoneexperiment,Rather,heperformedthisexperimentmanytimesbeforearrivingathisconclusion.Inthismannerheeliminatedthepossibilitythathisresultswereduetochance(luck).然后，雷迪開始收集和記錄事實，以確定他的假設(shè)是否正確。他做了許多實驗，目的是幫助他得到他所需要的事實。以及雷迪并不滿足于做一個實驗，相反，他執(zhí)行這個實驗多次到達他的結(jié)論。他用這種方法消除了他的結(jié)果是由于偶然（運氣）的可能性?！笨芍猂edi是一個注重過程，注重事實的科學(xué)家。故答案為D。

4.判斷推理題。由第一段“Scientistscallagoodguesslikethisa“workinghypothesis”becauseitgivesthescientistanideaofhowandwheretostarthiswork.科學(xué)家們稱這樣的猜測為“有效假說”，因為它讓科學(xué)家知道如何以及從哪里開始工作。”可知A項“有效假說讓科學(xué)家知道該如何開始工作”符合題意。

10.單選題

Betweenabout1910and1930,newartisticmovementsinEuropeanartweremakingthemselvesfeltintheUnitedStates.AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewartontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgallery"291”(namedafteritsaddressontheFifthAvenue)ofthephotographerAlfredStieglitz.ButthemostimportantinthespreadofthemodernmovementsintheUnitedStateswasthesensationalArmoryShowof1913heldinNewYork,inwhichtheworksofmanyoftheleadingEuropeanartistswereseenalongwiththeworksofanumberofprogressiveAmericanpainters.

SeveraloftheAmericanmodernistswhowereinfluencedbytheArmoryShowfoundtheurbanlandscape,especiallyNewYork,anappealingsubject.Comparedwiththeworksoftherealistpainters,theworksofAmericanmodernistsweremuchfurtherremovedfromtheactualappearanceofthecity.Theyweremoreinterestedinthe“feel”ofthecity,moreconcernedwiththemeaningbehindappearance.However,boththepaintersofthe"AshCanSchool"andthelaterrealistswerestilltiedtonineteenthcenturyorearlierstyles,whiletheearlymodernistssharedintheinternationalbreakthroughsoftheartofthetwentiethcentury.

ThegreatestofthesebreakthroughswasCubism,developedmostfullyinFrancebetween1907and1914,whichbroughtaboutamajorrevolutionsincetheRenaissance.InCubismnaturalformswerebrokendownanalyticallyintogeometricshapes.Nolongerwasacleardifferentiationmadebetweenthefigureandthebackgroundofapainting.Theobjectsrepresentedandthesurfaceonwhichtheywerepaintedbecameone.TheCubistsabandonedtheconventionalsinglevantagepointoftheviewer,andobjectsdepictedfrommultipleviewpointswereshownatthesametime.

1.Withwhattopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

2.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasameansthroughwhichAmericanartistslearnedaboutnewmovements?

3.WhydoestheauthormentionAlfredStieglitz?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasamajornewmovementinthetwentieth-centuryart?

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingwasafavoritesubjectforAmericanmodernists?

問題1選項

A.ThedevelopmentofCubism.

B.ModemartmovementsintheUnitedStates.

C.ContemporaryartistsintheUnitedStates.

D.Theinfluenceofphotographyonlandscapepainters.

問題2選項

A.Lessonsfromsuccessfulartists

B.Theexhibitionsatthegallery"291"

C.TripstoEurope

D.TheArmoryShowof1913

問題3選項

A.Todemonstratethatphotographywasthemajorinfluenceinmodemart.

B.Tocomparehimtootherartistsofthetime.

C.Topointoutthatmanyartistslearnedtheircraftbystudyingwithhim.

D.Togiveanexampleofsomeonewhohadaninfluenceonmodernart.

問題4選項

A.Renaissance

B.Cubism

C.Therationaltradition.

D.Impressionism.

問題5選項

A.Portraitsoffamouspeople

B.Countryscenes

C.Citylandscapes

D.Picturesofbuildings’interiors

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了20世紀(jì)的美國藝術(shù)運動，因此B選項“美國現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)運動”符合題意。A選項“立體派的發(fā)展”主要體現(xiàn)在第三段中；文章沒有講當(dāng)代藝術(shù)家，故C選項“當(dāng)代美國藝術(shù)家”不正確；D選項“攝影對風(fēng)景畫家的影響”在第二段中稍有提及，過于片面。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewartontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgallery"291”ofthephotographerAlfredStieglitz.ButthemostimportantinthespreadofthemodernmovementsintheUnitedStateswasthesensationalArmoryShowof1913heldinNewYork（美國藝術(shù)家在巴黎之行和攝影家AlfredStieglitz的著名紐約畫廊291的展覽中熟悉了新的藝術(shù)。但是在美國現(xiàn)代運動傳播中最重要的是1913年在紐約舉行的轟動一時的軍械庫展覽）可知美國藝術(shù)家通過巴黎之行、291畫廊展覽和1913年的軍械庫展覽了解運動，只有A選項“成功藝術(shù)家的經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)”沒有提及，因此選A。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewartontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgallery"291”ofthephotographerAlfredStieglitz.（美國藝術(shù)家在巴黎之行和攝影家AlfredStieglitz的著名紐約畫廊291的展覽中熟悉了新的藝術(shù)）可知此處是列舉幾個隊現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)有影響的例子，因此選D。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由文章最后一段中的ThegreatestofthesebreakthroughswasCubism,developedmostfullyinFrancebetween1907and1914,whichbroughtaboutamajorrevolutionsincetheRenaissance.（其中最大的突破是1907年至1914年在法國發(fā)展充分的立體派，這引發(fā)了文藝復(fù)興以來的一場重大革命）可知選B。

5.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的SeveraloftheAmericanmodernistswhowereinfluencedbytheArmoryShowfoundtheurbanlandscape,especiallyNewYork,anappealingsubject.（幾個受軍械展影響的美國現(xiàn)代主義者發(fā)現(xiàn)了城市景觀是一個非常吸引人的話題，尤其是紐約）可知選C。

11.單選題

DuringtheinitialstagesofinstructedL2acquisitionstudentslearnacouplethousand,mainlyhighfrequencywords.Functionallanguageproficiency,however,requiresmasteryofaconsiderablylargernumberofwords.Itisthereforenecessaryattheintermediateandadvancedstagesoflanguageacquisitiontolearnalargevocabularyinashortperiodoftime.Thereisnotenoughtimetocopythenatural(largelyincidental)L1wordacquisitionprocess.Incidentalacquisitionofthewordsisonlypossibleuptoapoint,because,onaccountoftheirlowfrequency,theydonotoccuroftenenoughintheL2learningmaterial.

AcquisitionofnewwordsfromauthenticL2readingtextsbymeansofstrategiessuchascontextualdeductionisalsonotasolutionforanumberofreasons.Thereappearstobenoalternativetointentionallearningofagreatmanynewwordsinarelativelyshortperiodoftime.Thewordstobelearnedmaybepresentedinisolationorincontext.Presentationinbilingualwordlistsseemsanattractiveshortcutbecauseittakeslesstimethancontextualpresentationandyieldsexcellentshorttermresults.Longtermretention,however,isoftendisappointingsocontextualpresentationseemsadvisable.

AnysuggestionsonhowtoimplementthisinpedagogiccontextsshouldbebasedonasystematicanalysisofthetwomostimportantaspectsoftheL2wordlearningproblem,thatistosay,selectingtherelevantvocabulary(whichandhowmanywords)andcreatingoptimalconditionsfortheacquisitionprocess.Thisarticlesetsouttodescribeacomputerassistedwordacquisitionprogramme(CAVOCA)whichtriestodopreciselythis:theprogrammeoperationalizescurrenttheoreticalthinkingaboutwordacquisition,anditscontentsarebasedonasystematicinventoryofthevocabularyrelevantforthetargetgroup.Toestablishitsefficiency,theprogrammewascontrastedinanumberofexperimentalsettingswithapairedassociatedmethodoflearningnewwords.Theexperimentalresultssuggestthatanapproachcombiningthetwomethodsismostadvisable.

36.FromwhattheauthorsaidinParagraph1,wecaninferthat______.

37.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystomasteralargernumberofvocabularyforacomparativelylonglimemayfallon______.

38.Whatdoestheword“pedagogic”inParagraph3mean?

39.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,theCAVOCAprogrammeaimsto______.

40.Thebesttitleofthispassageshouldbe______.

問題1選項

A.L2studentsshouldmakefulluseofincidentalacquisitionofthewordstoenlargetheirvocabulary

B.advancedstudentsshouldmasteratleastacouplethousandhighfrequencywords

C.advancedstudentsshouldacquirealargernumberofwordssoastoimprovetheirfunctionallanguagecompetence

D.itisimpossibleforL2studentstomasteralargernumberofwordsinashorttime

問題2選項

A.presentationinbilingualwordlists

B.contextualpresentation

C.presentationinisolation

D.attractivepresentation

問題3選項

A.ofteaching

B.practical

C.following

D.difficult

問題4選項

A.selecttherelevantvocabulary

B.createoptimalconditions

C.bringcurrenttheoreticalthinkingaboutwordacquisitiontoabetteruse

D.findoutthebestapproachtoenlargeL2students’vocabulary

問題5選項

A.ComputerAssistedSecondLanguageVocabularyAcquisition

B.AnAbstractofComputerAssistedSecondLanguageVocabularyAcquisition

C.ASystematicApproachtoImproveVocabularyAcquisition

D.AnAbstractofSystematicApproachtoImproveVocabularyAcquisition

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】36.【選項釋義】

36.FromwhattheauthorsaidinParagraph1,wecaninferthat______.36.從作者在第一段所說的，我們可以推斷______。

A.L2studentsshouldmakefulluseofincidentalacquisitionofthewordstoenlargetheirvocabularyA.第二語言學(xué)生應(yīng)充分利用詞匯的偶然習(xí)得來擴大詞匯量

B.advancedstudentsshouldmasteratleastacouplethousandhighfrequencywordsB.高級學(xué)生應(yīng)該掌握至少兩千個高頻詞匯

C.advancedstudentsshouldacquirealargernumberofwordssoastoimprovetheirfunctionallanguagecompetenceC.高級學(xué)生應(yīng)掌握大量的詞匯，以提高其功能語言能力

D.itisimpossibleforL2studentstomasteralargernumberofwordsinashorttimeD.第二語言的學(xué)生不可能在短時間內(nèi)掌握大量的單詞

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】定位至文章第一段，從第二句“功能語言熟練需要掌握大量的單詞”，以及第三句“因此，在語言習(xí)得的中高級階段，有必要在短時間內(nèi)學(xué)習(xí)大量的詞匯”，可知，中高級學(xué)生在語言習(xí)得階段，必須掌握大量的詞匯，而功能語言也需要掌握大量單詞；綜合理解可推斷，中高級學(xué)生應(yīng)該掌握大量的詞匯來提高功能語言能力。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項定位第一段最后一句“偶然習(xí)得這些單詞只有在一定程度上是可能的，因為它們出現(xiàn)的頻率很低”，可推斷A項“第二語言學(xué)生應(yīng)充分利用詞匯的偶然習(xí)得來擴大詞匯量”是錯誤的，反向干擾；

B選項在文中只是提到“學(xué)習(xí)大量詞匯”，“高級學(xué)生應(yīng)該掌握至少兩千個高頻詞匯”中的具體數(shù)字無法從文中推斷，無中生有；

D選項“第二語言的學(xué)生不可能在短時間內(nèi)掌握大量的單詞”中的impossible使用太絕對，而且也與原文相反，反向干擾。

37.【選項釋義】

37.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystomasteralargernumberofvocabularyforacomparativelylonglimemayfallon______.37.在較長時間內(nèi)掌握大量詞匯最有效的方法之一可能是______。

A.presentationinbilingualwordlistsA.使用雙語單詞表

B.contextualpresentationB.情境呈現(xiàn)

C.presentationinisolationC.孤立地呈現(xiàn)

D.attractivepresentationD.吸引人的表達方式

【考查點】事實細節(jié)題。

【解題思路】第二段主要描述的是學(xué)習(xí)詞匯的各種方法及其可行性，根據(jù)第二段最后一句“……情境呈現(xiàn)似乎是可取的（contextualpresentationseemsadvisable）”，綜合理解可知，contextualpresentation（情境呈現(xiàn)）在掌握大量詞匯上是可行的。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項定位至第二段最后兩句“用雙語單詞列表展示似乎是一個很有吸引力的捷徑，因為它比情境呈現(xiàn)花費的時間更少，而且能產(chǎn)生優(yōu)秀的短期效果。然而，長期留存率往往令人失望……”，從最后一句的however轉(zhuǎn)折可知，“使用雙語單詞表”不是一個有效的辦法，該項反向干擾；

C選項“孤立地呈現(xiàn)”雖然在第二段有提到，但是并沒有講述它是否是一個有效的辦法，該項曲解原文；

D選項“吸引人的表達方式”沒有提及，無中生有。

38.【選項釋義】

38.Whatdoestheword“pedagogic”inParagraph3mean?38.第三段中的“pedagogic”是什么意思？

A.ofteachingA.教學(xué)的

B.practicalB.實際的

C.followingC.接著的

D.difficultD.困難的

【考查點】詞義推測題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞pedagogic定位至第三段第一句“任何關(guān)于如何在pedagogic情境中（inpedagogiccontexts）實施這一方法的建議，都應(yīng)以第二語言詞匯學(xué)習(xí)問題的兩個極其重要的方面進行系統(tǒng)性地分析為基礎(chǔ)”，其中pedagogic是修飾contexts（情境）；這一句是對上一段的銜接，上一段是討論了各種單詞習(xí)得的方法，最后得出“情境呈現(xiàn)（contextualpresentation）似乎是可取的”，而與情境呈現(xiàn)相關(guān)的是教學(xué)，所以推測pedagogic指“教學(xué)的”的意思。故該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】B選項“實際的”、C選項“接著的”和D選項“困難的”屬于曲解原文。

39.【選項釋義】

39.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,theCAVOCAprogrammeaimsto______.39.根