考研考博-英語-天津財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thesaleofalcoholsbeveragesis（

）tothoseabove21insomeregions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confined

B.inhibited

C.obliged

D.restricted

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“限制”的意思，其中A選項(xiàng)confine暗示束縛性、限制性的或阻撓性的限制；B選項(xiàng)inhibit強(qiáng)調(diào)禁止、抑制；C選項(xiàng)oblige除了“限制”外，還有“迫使”的含義，D選項(xiàng)restrict指限制行為、活動(dòng)、事物的范圍；句意是‘在有些地區(qū)，酒精飲料只能出售給21歲以上的成年人?！訢選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Itmustguidepublicopinion,afterpresenting（

）bothsidesofeveryissueandpointingouttoreaderswhatmeasuresseemtopromisethegreatergoodforthegreaternumber.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inquisitively

B.inconceivably

C.appallingly

D.impartially

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析題。inquisitively“好問地，過分好奇地”；inconceivably“不可思議地”；appallingly“使人驚駭?shù)亍?；impartially“公正地”。句意：公平地展現(xiàn)每個(gè)問題的兩面并向讀者指出什么樣的方式能夠保證絕大部分人的利益，這樣就肯定能引導(dǎo)公眾輿論。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.翻譯題

Loveisofthreevarieties:unselfish,mutualandordinaryorselfish.Unselfishloveisofthehighestkind.Here,theonewholovesseeksonlythewelfareofthebelovedanddoesnotcarewhetherhesufferspainsandhardshipsthereby.Thesecondkindofloveismutualloveinwhichtheonewholovesdesiresnotonlythehappinessofhisbeloved,buthasaneyetohisownhappinessalso.Selfishloveisthelowest.Itmakesamancareonlyforhisownhappinesswithouthavinganyregardforthefeelingofthebeloved.

TranslatethefollowingshortparagraphsintoChinese

【答案】愛分為三種：無私的，相互的，平凡或自私的。無私的愛境界最高。在這種愛里，愛人只希望被愛的人幸福并且不在意自己是否會(huì)經(jīng)受痛苦和磨難。第二種是相互的愛，在這種愛里，愛人不僅渴望自己被愛的人獲得幸福，并且希望自己也能快樂。自私的愛是最低級(jí)的一種愛。這種愛讓人只關(guān)注自己的幸福，而不會(huì)關(guān)心被愛人的感受。

4.單選題

We’dbetter（

）thewholeplaceincaseit’sbeenbugged.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.leavealone

B.checkout

C.takedown

D.pulldown

【答案】B

【解析】leavealone不管,不打擾；checkout檢查；takedown拿下,記下；pulldown推翻,摧毀。句意:我們最好把整個(gè)地方都檢查一下,以防被安了竊聽器。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

5.單選題

Duringthesummervacation,kidsareoftenseenhanging_____inthestreets.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.about

B.on

C.over

D.out

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析。hangabout徘徊，閑蕩；hangon堅(jiān)持下去，不掛斷；hangover掛在...之上；hangout閑逛，鬼混。hangout側(cè)重于跟朋友出去玩；hangabout一般指無所事事，游手好閑。句意：暑假期間，經(jīng)常看到孩子們?cè)诮稚祥e逛。選項(xiàng)D更符合語境。

6.單選題

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatpeoplewhorefuseto（

）withthelawwillbepunished.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conceal

B.consent

C.abide

D.comply

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)conceal“隱藏，隱瞞”；B選項(xiàng)consent“同意，準(zhǔn)許”；C選項(xiàng)abide“忍受”；D選項(xiàng)comply“遵守”。

句意：不言而喻，拒絕遵守法律的人將受到懲罰。complywith意為“遵守”，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

7.翻譯題

Nowastothematteroflying,youwanttobeverycarefulaboutlying;otherwiseyouarenearlysuretogetcaught.Oncecaught,youcanneveragainbe,intheeyesofthegoodandpure,whatyouwerebefore.Manyayoungpersonhasinjuredhimselfpermanentlythroughasingleclumsyandill-finishedlie,theresultofcarelessnessbornofincompletetraining.Someauthoritiesholdthattheyoungoughtnottolieatall.That,ofcourse,isputtingitratherstrongerthannecessary;stillwhilelcannotgoquitesofarasthat,Idomaintain,andIbelieveIamright,thattheyoungoughttobetemperateintheuseofthisgreatartuntilpracticeandexperienceshallgivethemthatconfidence,eleganceandprecisionwhichalonecanmaketheaccomplishmentgracefulandprofitable.Practice,diligence,painstakingattentiontodetail—thesearerequirements;theseintime,willmakethestudentperfect;uponthese,andupontheseonly,mayherelyasthesurefoundationforfutureeminence.Thinkwhattediousyearsofstudy,thought,practice,experience,wenttotheequipmentofthatpeerlessoldmasterwhowasabletoimposeuponthewholeworldtheloftyandsoundingmaximthat“Truthismightyandwillprevail”—themostmajesticcompoundfractureoffactwhichanyofwomanbornhasyetachieved.Forthehistoryofourrace,andeachindividual’sexperience,aresownthickwithevidencethatatruthisnothardtokillandalietoldwellisimmortal.ThereisinBostonamonumentofthemanwhodiscoveredanesthesia.

【答案】現(xiàn)在要是說到說謊，你必須要非常小心地說謊；否則你幾乎肯定會(huì)被抓。在善良和純潔的人眼里，一旦你被抓住，你就再也不可能是你以前的樣子了。許多年輕人就因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)笨拙的、沒有完成的謊言而永久地傷害了自己，這是缺乏訓(xùn)練而導(dǎo)致的粗心的結(jié)果。一些權(quán)威人士認(rèn)為，年輕人根本不應(yīng)該撒謊。當(dāng)然，這是一種過于強(qiáng)烈的表達(dá)；盡管我不能做到那樣，我還是會(huì)堅(jiān)持，我相信我是對(duì)的，年輕人在運(yùn)用這門偉大的藝術(shù)時(shí)應(yīng)該有節(jié)制，直到實(shí)踐和經(jīng)驗(yàn)會(huì)給他們帶來自信、優(yōu)雅和精確，而只有這些才能使你優(yōu)雅而有益地完成這門藝術(shù)。實(shí)踐、勤奮、對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)心——這些都是要求；這些假以時(shí)日，會(huì)使學(xué)生臻于完美；在這些基礎(chǔ)上，也只有在這些基礎(chǔ)上，他才能作為未來顯赫的可靠基礎(chǔ)。想想看，這位舉世無雙的老大師，經(jīng)過多年枯燥乏味的學(xué)習(xí)、思考、實(shí)踐和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，才得以把“真理是強(qiáng)大的，并且將會(huì)獲勝”這句崇高而響亮的格言傳遍全世界——這是迄今為止任何一位女性所取得的最宏偉的復(fù)合斷裂事實(shí)。因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)祟惖臍v史和每個(gè)人的經(jīng)歷都布滿了證據(jù)，證明真理不難消滅，而講得好的謊言則是不朽的。波士頓有一座紀(jì)念麻醉術(shù)發(fā)明者的紀(jì)念碑。

8.單選題

Althoughsports____thehousehold,Joedrewthelinewhentheyinterferedwithfamilytraditionsandroutine.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overwhelmed

B.affected

C.dominated

D.influenced

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.overwhelmed壓倒B.affected影響

C.dominated占據(jù)支配地位D.influenced影響

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接與動(dòng)詞辨析

【解題思路】空格處所填詞的主語為“體育運(yùn)動(dòng)”，賓語為“家庭；家人”根據(jù)前后語義，應(yīng)該是想表達(dá)在Joe的家庭中，體育運(yùn)動(dòng)很重要，但是也會(huì)有個(gè)限度，不讓它們干擾家庭的傳統(tǒng)和日常的事務(wù)，因此，C選項(xiàng)dominated“占據(jù)支配地位”符合上下文語義銜接。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)overwhelmed“壓倒”，側(cè)重于指完全戰(zhàn)勝，不符合原文語義銜接；

B選項(xiàng)affected側(cè)重于指有形力量的影響，有時(shí)這種影響是不受歡迎的，不符合原文語義銜接；

D選項(xiàng)influenced側(cè)重于指無形力量的影響，不符合原文語義銜接。

【句意】盡管體育運(yùn)動(dòng)在家庭中占統(tǒng)治地位，但是當(dāng)它們干擾了家庭的傳統(tǒng)和日常事務(wù)時(shí)，Joe也有個(gè)限度。

9.單選題

Whenhewasinjuniorhighatfourteen,hisintelligencewassuchthathe（）amongundergraduatesthanamongschoolboys.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wouldfitbetterin

B.wouldhavefittedinbetter

C.fittedbetterin

D.wouldhavefittedbetter

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法知識(shí)。根據(jù)句意：當(dāng)他14歲上初中時(shí)，他的智力如此之高……。后文的比較說明“amongundergraduates”是說話人的主觀看法，而不是真實(shí)情況，因此句子為虛擬語氣。表示與過去事實(shí)相反時(shí)用“wouldhave”。befitin表示“適合”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Wecarriedout（）checksonthevehiclesbeforetheyleavethedepot.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spot

B.pot

C.rain

D.coat

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項(xiàng)spot“地點(diǎn)，斑點(diǎn)，認(rèn)出，弄臟”；B選項(xiàng)pot“壺，盆，罐”；C選項(xiàng)rain“雨，下雨，雨天，雨季”；D選項(xiàng)coat“外套，覆蓋……的表面”。spotcheck意為抽查。其他關(guān)于spot的固定搭配還有onthespot“立刻，當(dāng)場(chǎng)，在危險(xiǎn)中，處于負(fù)責(zé)地位”；aspotof“少量的，一點(diǎn)兒”等，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Aftera37-yearadvertisingcareeratYoung&Rubicam,PeterA.Georgescuisfindingtimetopromoteafewcausesthatareasdeartohim.

Mr.Georgescu,66,whooncemanagedwell-knowncampaignslikethe“SofterSideofSears,”retiredaschairmanandchiefexecutiveofYoung&Rubicamin2000,buthesaysheisnowin“themostwonderfulchapterofmylife.”

Itisanaptmetaphorbecausehisbook,TheSourceofSuccess(Jossey-Bass,$27.95)isbeingpublishedthismonth.ThebookaimstoexplainwhatMr.GeorgescuviewsasthetwomajorchallengesfacingAmerica:economiccompetitionfromtheemergingeconomiesofChinaandIndiaandaneedtofostermorecreativitywithinAmericancompanies.

“Theonlywaythisnationcancompetewiththosethatproducehigh-qualityproductsatalowerpriceisbygeneratingideasthatbuildaspecialrelationshipwithconsumers,”hesaid.“Everyonehasbuildingsandtechnology;thosearecommodities.Theonlyleverageableassetinthefuturewillbecreativity.”

AnyprofitfromhisbookwillgotoacharitycalledBetterChance,whichfindsbrightchildreninsomeofthenation'spoorestneighborhoodsandhelpsthemtoattendoutstandinghighschools,includingprivateprepschoolslikethePhillipsExeterAcademyinNewHampshire.

Mr.Georgescu,anExeteralumnus,receivedabachelor'sdegreeinpoliticalsciencefromPrincetonandanM.B.A.fromStanfordbeforestartingatYoung&Rubicamin1963.

HesaidhecountedhimselfluckytohavegainedadmissiontoExeterin1954,whenhearrivedintheUnitedStatesattheageof15fromhisnativeRomaniaafterspendingsevenyearsinaCommunistlaborcamp.

“Ihadbeencleaningsewers,andIspokelittleEnglish,butsomeonegavemeachance,”hesaid.“Iwanttodothatforotheryoungpeoplewhoaredisadvantaged.”

HealsovolunteersasaboardmemberoftheNewYorkPhilharmonic.Inthebusinessworld,heholdsthetitleofchairmanemeritusofYoung&Rubicamandservesasadirectorforseveralcompanies.

Heandhiswife,Barbara,liveinManhattanandhaveasonandthreegranddaughters.Herisesat6a.m.mostdaystorunfivemiles,partlyalongtheEastRiver.

“That'showItorturemyself,”hesaid.

1.Fromthefirst3paragraphsweknowthatMr.Georgescuis（）.

2.WhatareMr.GeorgescuviewsaboutthemajorchallengesfacingAmerica?

3.AccordingtoMr.Georgescu,thefutureofeconomiccompetitionliesin（）.

4.Wemayinferfromthecontextthat“Exeter”(Line1,Para.6)isthenameof（）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anauthor

B.anadvertiser

C.theauthorofthe“SofterSideofSears”

D.chairmanandchiefexecutiveofYoung&Rubicam

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ChinaandIndia.

B.Competitionandcreativity.

C.Competitionfromtheemergingeconomies.

D.AneedtofostermorecreativitywithinAmericancompanies.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.goodideas

B.consumers

C.commodities

D.creativity

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.ahighschool

B.acharity

C.asmalltown

D.arefugeeshelter

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.AManager’s37-yearAdvertisingCareer

B.TheSourceofSuccess

C.TwoMajorChallengesFacingAmerica

D.AGratefulStudentReturnstheFavor

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文第一段提及，作者曾經(jīng)是一名廣告商，而題干問的是現(xiàn)在的職業(yè)，所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤；“SofterSideofSears”是一場(chǎng)活動(dòng)不是書名，選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)D同樣也是他過去的職位，所以不正確。原文第三段提及，他的新書《成功之源》即將出版，由此可知，他是一名作者，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“ThebookaimstoexplainwhatMr.GeorgescuviewsasthetwomajorchallengesfacingAmerica:economiccompetitionfromtheemergingeconomiesofChinaandIndiaandaneedtofostermorecreativitywithinAmericancompanies.這本書的目的是解釋Georgescu所認(rèn)為的美國面臨的兩大挑戰(zhàn)：來自中國和印度等新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體的經(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，以及培養(yǎng)美國公司更多創(chuàng)造力的需要?！焙?jiǎn)而言之，也就是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和創(chuàng)造力。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)原文第四段的內(nèi)容，Mr.Georgescu認(rèn)為美國要想與那些以較低價(jià)格生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品的國家競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，唯一的辦法就是想出與消費(fèi)者建立特殊關(guān)系的點(diǎn)子。大家都有建筑和技術(shù)；這些都是商品。未來唯一可以利用的資產(chǎn)將是創(chuàng)造力。由此可知，選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.詞義推斷題。上文提及“‘更好機(jī)會(huì)’的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)幫助一些貧困社區(qū)里聰明的孩子上優(yōu)秀的高中，包括新罕布什爾的菲利普斯?？巳貙W(xué)院等私立預(yù)科學(xué)校?！庇纱丝芍?，“Exeter”指的是高中學(xué)校，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是圍繞著Mr.Georgescu的新書《成功之源》展開，所以選項(xiàng)B作為標(biāo)題更恰當(dāng)。

12.單選題

Amysteriousblackcloudapproachestheearth—ourplanet’sweatherisseverelyaffected.

ThroughouttherestofJuneandJulytemperaturesrosesteadilyallovertheEarth.IntheBritishIslesthetemperatureclimbedthroughtheeighties,intothenineties,andmovedtowardsthehundredmark.Peoplecomplained,buttherewasnoseriousdisaster.

ThedeathnumberintheU.S.remainedquitesmall,thankslargelytotheair-conditioningunitsthathadbeenfittedduringpreviousyearsandmonths.Temperaturesrosetothelimitofhumanendurancethroughoutthewholecountryandpeoplewereobligedtoremainindoorsforweeksonend.Occasionallyair-conditioningunitsfailedanditwasthenthatfatalitiesoccurred.

Conditionswereutterlydesperatethroughoutthetropicsasmaybejudgedfromthefactthat7943speciesofplantsandanimalsbecametotallyextinct.ThesurvivalofManhimselfwasonlypossiblebecauseofthecavesandcellarshewasabletodig.Nothingcouldbedonetoreducethehotairtemperature.Morethansevenhundredmillionpersonsareknowntohavelosttheirlives.

Eventuallythetemperatureofthesurfacewatersofthesearose,notsofastastheairtemperature,butfastenoughtoproduceadangerousincreaseofhumidity.Itwasindeedthisincreasethatproducedthedisastrousconditionsjustremarked.MillionsofpeoplebetweenthelatitudesofCairoandtheCapeofGoodHopeweresubjectedtoachokingatmospherethatgrewdamperandhotterfromdaytoday.Allhumanmovementceased.Therewasnothingtobedonebuttoliebreathingquicklyasadogdoesinhotweather.

BythefourthweekofJulyconditionsinthetropicslaybalancedbetweenlifeandtotaldeath.Thenquitesuddenlyraincloudsappearedoverthewholeglobe.Thetemperaturedeclinedalittle,duenodoubttothecloudsreflectingmoreoftheSun’sradiationbackintospace.Butconditionscouldnotbesaidtohaveimproved.Warmrainfelleverywhere,evenasfarnorthasIceland.Theinsectpopulationincreasedenormously,sincetheburninghotatmospherewasasfavorabletothemasitwasunfavorabletoManandmanyotheranimals.

1.IntheBritishIslesthetemperature____________.

2.FewpeopleintheUnitedStateslosttheirlivesbecause____________.

3.MillionsofpeopleinCairoandtheCapeofGoodHopeweresubjectedtoachokingatmospherebecause____________.

4.BythefourthweekofJulyconditionsinthetropicsweresuchthat____________.

5.Theinsectpopulationincreaseddueto____________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stayedateighty

B.rangedfromeightytoninety

C.approachedonehundred

D.exceededthehundredmark

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thetemperaturewastolerable

B.peopleremainedindoorsforweeks

C.thegovernmenthadtakeneffectivemeasurestoreducethehottemperature

D.peoplewereprovidedwiththemostcomfortableair-conditioners

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thetemperaturegrewextremelyhot

B.thetemperaturebecamedamperandhotterasthehumidityofthesurfacewatersoftheseaincreased

C.theirconditionsweretoodangerous

D.nothingcouldbedonewiththehottemperature

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.humansurvivalwouldbeimpossible

B.moreandmorepeoplewouldlosetheirlives

C.fewerpeoplecouldbesaved

D.survivalordeathwasstillundecided

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thehotair

B.thetropicalclimate

C.therainclouds

D.thedampatmosphere

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句IntheBritishIslesthetemperatureclimbedthroughtheeighties,intothenineties,andmovedtowardsthehundredmark.（在不列顛群島，溫度從80度上升到90度，并接近100度。），可知不列顛群島的溫度快接近100度，故C選項(xiàng)“接近100”正確。A選項(xiàng)“保持在80度”，B選項(xiàng)“從80上升到90度”和D選項(xiàng)“超過100度”錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句ThedeathnumberintheU.S.remainedquitesmall,thankslargelytotheair-conditioningunitsthathadbeenfittedduringpreviousyearsandmonths.（美國的死亡人數(shù)仍然很少，這在很大程度上要?dú)w功于前幾年和前幾個(gè)月安裝的空調(diào)設(shè)備。），可知，在美國很少人因?yàn)楦邷囟鴨噬靡嬗诳照{(diào)，故D選項(xiàng)“人們裝有最舒適的空調(diào)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“溫度還可以忍受”和B選項(xiàng)“人們?cè)谑覂?nèi)待了幾個(gè)星期”：根據(jù)第三段第二句Temperaturesrosetothelimitofhumanendurancethroughoutthewholecountryandpeoplewereobligedtoremainindoorsforweeksonend.（全國各地氣溫上升到人類承受能力的極限，人們被迫連續(xù)數(shù)周待在室內(nèi)。），可知這氣溫已超出承受范圍，故A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，并且因?yàn)闅鉁靥呷藗儾坏貌淮谑覂?nèi)，這是高溫帶來的影響而非只有少數(shù)人死亡的原因，故B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“政府已經(jīng)采取了有效的措施來降低高溫”：文章沒有提到政府做了什么，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Eventuallythetemperatureofthesurfacewatersofthesearose…toproduceadangerousincreaseofhumidity.（最終，海水表層的溫度上升了……致命的濕度增加。）和第三句grewdamperandhotterfromdaytoday（天氣一天比一天潮濕和炎熱），可知是海水溫度和濕度增加影響的開羅和好望角地區(qū)，故B選項(xiàng)“隨著海洋表層海水濕度的增加，溫度變得更潮濕、更熱”正確，A選項(xiàng)“溫度變得非常熱”中僅僅因?yàn)闇囟茸兓恢劣谠斐蛇@樣的結(jié)果。C選項(xiàng)“他們的條件太危險(xiǎn)了”：這是對(duì)這情況的描述而非原因，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)高溫?zé)o計(jì)可施”：根據(jù)第四段第二句ThesurvivalofManhimselfwasonlypossiblebecauseofthecavesandcellarshewasabletodig.（人類之所以能活下來，完全是因?yàn)橥诘搅硕囱ê偷亟?。），可知人類運(yùn)用了一些對(duì)策面對(duì)高溫，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第六段BythefourthweekofJuly…Thetemperaturedeclinedalittle…Butconditionscouldnotbesaidtohaveimproved…asitwasunfavorabletoManandmanyotheranimals.（到了七月的第四個(gè)星期……溫度降低了一點(diǎn)……但不能說情況有所改善……就像對(duì)人類和許多其他動(dòng)物不利一樣），可知對(duì)人類來說，氣溫的威脅降低了，可是其他的危險(xiǎn)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)，人類安全與否仍然未知，故D選項(xiàng)“生死仍未定”正確。A選項(xiàng)“人類將不可能存活”，B選項(xiàng)“越來越多的人將失去生命”和C選項(xiàng)“更少的人可以被拯救”與句意不符，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段最后一句Theinsectpopulationincreasedenormously,sincetheburninghotatmosphere（昆蟲的數(shù)量急劇增加，因?yàn)樽茻岬拇髿鈱?duì)它們有利），可知昆蟲因?yàn)樽茻岬拇髿舛黾?，故A選項(xiàng)“灼熱的大氣”正確。B選項(xiàng)“熱帶氣候”C選項(xiàng)“云雨天氣”和D選項(xiàng)“潮濕的空氣”：文章沒有說這些因素和昆蟲數(shù)量增多的關(guān)系，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.翻譯題

Humorhasbeenwelldefinedas“thinkinginfunwhilefeelinginearnest”.TheEnglishdonotapproachlifeintellectually;theydonotdemandthatitshallconformtosomerigidmentalplan;theyarenotconvincedthattheuniversecanbepenetratedbythought;theyarewillingtogotowork,eitherinpoliticsorart,withoutatheorytosustainthem;andwhentheyaremorepracticalthanotherraces,itisnot-asthoseracesfrequentlyconclude—becausetheyarecoldlyclear-sightedandunimaginative,butbecausetheydonotbusythemselvesaskingreasontofindakeywheninstincthasalreadyshownthemthatthedooriswideopen.

【答案】幽默能被很好地定義為“一邊誠摯地感受，一邊有趣地思考”。英國人不肯理智地對(duì)待生活。他們不要求人生必須符合某種死板的計(jì)劃，他們也不相信宇宙會(huì)被透徹地思考研究。他們?cè)敢庠跊]有理論支持的情況下從事政治或藝術(shù)工作。并且當(dāng)他們比別的民族更實(shí)際的時(shí)候，事實(shí)并不是因?yàn)樗麄兡苤挥蓄^腦冷靜、缺乏想象力像別的民族得出的結(jié)論那樣，而是因?yàn)楫?dāng)本能已經(jīng)告訴他們門是打開的時(shí)候，他們沒有忙著讓理性去找出鑰匙。

14.單選題

Therewasatrafficjam,butshe______gettothedestinationintime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.could

B.might

C.oughtto

D.wasableto

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)could“能夠（原本就具有某種能力）”；B選項(xiàng)might“也許會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)oughtto“應(yīng)該（表示期望或可能發(fā)生的事或表示勸告或建議）”；D選項(xiàng)wasableto“能夠（通過努力可以具備某種能力或?qū)崿F(xiàn)某種狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)有努力的過程）”。句意：雖然發(fā)生了交通擁堵，但她______及時(shí)到達(dá)目的地。根據(jù)語境，這里指即使因?yàn)榻煌〒矶录皶r(shí)到達(dá)目的地存在困難，但是她依然辦到了，D選項(xiàng)wasableto符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

GeorgeGallup,Jr.,themanwhomakesand（

）hisreputation（

）knowingwhatAmericansthink,hasbroughtallhispollingstrategiestogethertoidentifyandanalyzewhathecallsfutureforces.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.challenges...on

B.stakes...on

C.hazards...to

D.bets...to

【答案】B

【解析】challenge…on在……方面挑戰(zhàn)；stake…on把賭注押在……上面；hazard...to對(duì)……有危險(xiǎn)；bet不與to搭配。句意：GeorgeGallup，Jr.這個(gè)把自己的名譽(yù)押在知曉美國人想法上的人，將所有的投票策略集中到一起，以確定和分析他所說的未來力量。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

16.翻譯題

TodayisamajormilestoneforMicrosoft.ThekeypartnershipswebuildwithsoftwaredevelopersaroundtheworldarecentralnotonlytothesuccessofWindowsbutalsotorealizethepossibilitythatPCtechnologyprovides.It’sthroughapplicationsofeveryvarietythatbusinesseswillbeusingthepersonalcomputerasthetooloftheInformationAge.

MicrosofthasavisionforwherethePCisgoing.AndthatvisionsaysthatPCswillbecomeacentralelementofhowcompaniesshareinformationinsidethecompany.Thenameofthatvisionistheso-calledDigitalNervousSystem(DNS),allowingcompaniestoreducepaperworkandmakebetterdecisions.TheDigitalNervousSystemmeansthatnotonlydoyouhavethePCsandtheyareconnectedtogether,andnotonlydoyouhavestandardelementslikeelectronicmailbutalsoyoureallythoughtcarefullyaboutwhatinformationisimportant,andsoalloftheprocesses—ordertaking,salesplanning,personnelmanagement,projectmanagement—allofthosehavebeensetuptotakefulladvantageofthecapabilitiesofthecomputer.

AnothermajorvisionthatMicrosofthasisthatwritingprograms,writingtheapplicationsforthesemachinesneedstogetveryeasy,sowecanwriteprogramsthatcanrunacrosstheentireInternetwhichismillionsofmachines.Andthisisanewapproachtoprogrammingthatdrawsonwhatwasdonepreviously.DNSsaysthatdevelopersshouldbeabletofocusontheirparticulartaskandnothavetolearnalotaboutmanagementofthemachineresources.

Greatchipsandsystemsdevelopedbyourpartnerswhoareherewithussponsoringthisevent,makethisallpossible.Andthere’sanincredibleopportunityfordevelopers.Theapplicationsthatarewrittentodaywillselltoanevenlargerbaseofmachinesoutinthemarket.Thereisalotthatwe’redoingtoincreasetheworkwithgooddevelopers—makesuretheyunderstandwherethePCisgoingandhowtoolscanhelpthemnow,moreandmoremarketingtypeofactivitiesmakingsuretheygetoutinwiththecustomers.

Andthisissomethingthatwearejustgoingtoincreaseyearafteryear.AndsotheoverallDNS(DigitalNervousSystem)messageisoneabouthelpingdevelopersseizethatopportunity,bringingtogetherthedifferentarchitectures,makingthingsautomaticandallowingthistobedoneinagreatevolutionaryfashion.AndsoIthinkit’safantastictimetobeadeveloperandweappreciateyourbeinghereandlookforwardtotheopportunitytoworkwithyoumore.

【答案】我們與全球軟件開發(fā)人員建立的重要伙伴關(guān)系不僅是促成視窗系統(tǒng)成功的關(guān)鍵,而且使個(gè)人電腦技術(shù)提供的可能性成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。應(yīng)用技術(shù)貫穿各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,一些公司會(huì)把個(gè)人電腦用作信息時(shí)代的工具。

微軟公司的另一個(gè)重要設(shè)想是:為電腦編寫應(yīng)用程序的過程必須簡(jiǎn)單化。因此,我們應(yīng)該讓這些程序在由無數(shù)臺(tái)電腦組成的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中運(yùn)行,這是利用以往的成就編程的一種新方法。

這就是我們年復(fù)一年要增加的東西。整個(gè)數(shù)字神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)信息的目的就是要幫助開發(fā)人員抓住機(jī)遇,通過結(jié)合不同的體系結(jié)構(gòu),實(shí)現(xiàn)任務(wù)自動(dòng)化并允許以一種漸進(jìn)的方式完成這一工作。

17.單選題

TheReader'sDigestinvestigationaskedAmericanswhichwasthebiggestthreattothenation'sfuture--bigbusiness,biglabororbiggovernment.Awhopping67percentreplied"biggovernment".Thatisabigchangeover40yearsago.A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices.Ina1965Gallupsurvey,thosebelievingbiggovernmenttobetheproblemhadrisento35percent;by1985,to50percent.

Now(1995)twoofthreeAmericansfearbiggovernment.Opinionresearchersrarelyseesuchavastchangeinpublicattitude.Whenputinhistoricalperspective,fromthetimeofFranklinRoosevelt’sNewDealtothepresent,thefallenstatusofgovernmentasaprotectorandbenefactorisextraordinary.We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression.

Inourpoll,takenbeforetheNovemberelections,theoverwhelmingmajorityofourrespondentswantedtostoporrollbacktheimpactofgovernment.InanswertoanotherquestionposedbyTheDigest,79percentsaidtheywantedeithernomorethanthecurrentlevelofgovernmentservicesandtaxes,orlessgovernmentandlowertaxes.

"Itseemstomethatweinthemiddleclassbearmostoftheburden,"saysJoNellNorman,61,anurseinDyersburg,Tenn.,whooftenwondersaboutthegovernment'sjudgmentinspendinghermoney.

OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen.AndwhataboutCongress?Isitdoingagoodjob?Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?'

Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer.

However,Americansaresatisfiedwiththeirownlivesandjobs.Fouroffiverespondentswere"completely"or"somewhat"satisfied.Thefiguresheldupacrossallages-includingXers,whommanypunditshaveclaimedarepessimisticabouttheirfuture.

KeithUnderbill,22,ofFridley,Minn.,findshisjobasatelephoneoperatorforacataloguecompany"notchallenging,notdifficult"butstill"satisfyingbecauseoftheincome."Heseesitasaspringboardtobiggerthings."Ihopetostartmyownbusinesssomeday,somethinginfinance."Lookingdeeperatjobs,wefound70percentofAmericansbelievetheyareaboutwheretheyshouldbe,giventheirtalentsandeffort.Thisisanissuewhereagealwaysmakesadifference,sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied,whileyoungerworkersarestilltryingtofindtherightniche.Sureenough,Xersscored65percent,aboutfivepointsbelowaverage.

1.Thesurveyhasrevealedthatinthe40yearsthepublicfaithintheAmericangovernmenthasdroppedby（

）.

2.TheU.S.governmentstatusinthepublicmindbeforetheGreatDepression

（

）.

3.Itisclearthatthepeople'sgreatdislikeforthegovernmentisrelatedwith

（

）.

4."Politicalfuture"inParagraph5maymean

（

）.

5.Olderpeopleareunlikelytochangetheirjobssooftensince（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.67percent

B.51percent

C.35percent

D.16percent

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.wasregardedasquitenormal

B.usedtobeverylow

C.remainedadifficultproblemforthefederalgovernment

D.remindedpeopleoftheprincipleslaiddownbyWashington

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theinefficientstyleofwork

B.oftenwrongjudgments

C.therisingrateoftaxes

D.theCongress

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thefutureofthewholenation

B.people'swell-beinginthefuture

C.apositionofhigherrank

D.awarenessofconsistencyinpolicies

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyneedtosupporttheirfamilies

B.nocompanieswilltakeintheaged

C.ittakestimetolearnanewtradeorprofession

D.theireffortsandtalentsarefalling

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“調(diào)查表明在40年民眾對(duì)美國政府的信心下降了多少？”根據(jù)文章第二段可知現(xiàn)在是1995年，說明40年前是1954年。文章第一段提到有67%的人認(rèn)為大政府對(duì)國家未來的威脅最大。而1954年只有16%人認(rèn)為大政府有威脅（A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices），由此可知國民對(duì)政府的信心下降了51%。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“在大蕭條時(shí)期前美國政府在民眾的心中是怎樣的？”文章第二段最后一句提到“我們又回到了大蕭條時(shí)期美國人對(duì)華盛頓本能的謹(jǐn)慎”（We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression），說明在大蕭條時(shí)期政府在民眾心中的地位就低，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第六段提到89%的人認(rèn)為國會(huì)會(huì)把事情搞砸（Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer），選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.詞義題。文章第五段第一句提到在樣本中，62%的美國人認(rèn)為政客的道德和誠實(shí)度已經(jīng)下降（OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen），以及比起通過好的法規(guī)，議員們花更多的時(shí)間在他們的政治前途上嗎？（Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?）可知這里的政治前途指的是權(quán)利地位，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到由于年齡較大的人在工作中更穩(wěn)定，他們往往更滿意（sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied），選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Asinthecaseofsomanywordsusedbythebiologistandphysiologist,thewordacclimatizationishardtodefine.Withincreaseinknowledgeandunderstanding,meaningsofwordschange.Originallythetermacclimatizationwastakentomeanonlytheabilityofhumanbeingsoranimalsorplantstoaccustomthemselvestonewandstrangeclimaticconditions,primarilyalteredtemperature.Apersonorawolfmovestoahotclimateandisuncomfortablethere,butafteratimeisbetterabletowithstandtheheat.Butasidefromtemperature,thereareotheraspectsofclimate.Apersonorananimalmaybecomeadjustedtolivingathigheraltitudesthanthoseitwasoriginallyaccustomedto.Atreallyhighaltitudes,suchasaviatorsmaybeexposedto,thelowatmosphericpressurebecomesafactorofprimaryimportance.Inchangingtoanewenvironment,apersonmay,therefore,meetnewconditionsoftemperatureorpressure,andinadditionmayhavetocontendwithdifferentchemicalsurroundings.Onhighmountains,theamountofoxygenintheatmospheremayberelativelysmall;incrowdedcities,apersonmaybecomeexposedtorelativelyhighconcentrationsofcarbondioxideorevencarbonmonoxide,andinvariousareasmaybeexposedtoconditionsinwhichthewatercontentoftheatmosphereisextremelyhighorextremelylow.Thusinthecaseofhumans,animals,andevenplants,theconceptofacclimatizationincludesthephenomenaofincreasedtolerationofhighorlowtemperature,ofalteredpressure,andofchangesinthechemicalenvironment.

Letusdefineacclimatization,therefore,astheprocessinwhichanorganismorapartofanorganismbecomesusedtoanenvironmentwhichisnormallyunsuitabletoitorlethalforit.Byandlarge,acclimatizationisarelativelyslowprocess.Thetermshouldnotbetakentoincluderelativelyrapidadjustmentssuchasoursenseorgansareconstantlymaking.Thistypeofadjustmentiscommonlyreferredtobyphysiologistsas“adaptation”.

Thusourtouchsensesoonbecomesaccustomedtothepressureofourclothesandwedonotfeelthem;wesoonfailtohearthetickingofaclock;obnoxiousodorsafteratimefailtomakemuchimpressiononus,andoureyesinstronglightrapidlybecomeinsensitive.

Thefundamentalfactaboutacclimatizationisthatallanimalsandplantshavesomecapacitytoadjustthemselvestochangesintheirenvironment.Thisisoneofthemostremarkablecharacteristicsoflivingorg