考研考博-英語-天津財經(jīng)大學考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津財經(jīng)大學考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thesaleofalcoholsbeveragesis（

）tothoseabove21insomeregions.

問題1選項

A.confined

B.inhibited

C.obliged

D.restricted

【答案】D

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。四個選項都有“限制”的意思，其中A選項confine暗示束縛性、限制性的或阻撓性的限制；B選項inhibit強調(diào)禁止、抑制；C選項oblige除了“限制”外，還有“迫使”的含義，D選項restrict指限制行為、活動、事物的范圍；句意是‘在有些地區(qū)，酒精飲料只能出售給21歲以上的成年人。’所以D選項正確。

2.單選題

Itmustguidepublicopinion,afterpresenting（

）bothsidesofeveryissueandpointingouttoreaderswhatmeasuresseemtopromisethegreatergoodforthegreaternumber.

問題1選項

A.inquisitively

B.inconceivably

C.appallingly

D.impartially

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞辨析題。inquisitively“好問地，過分好奇地”；inconceivably“不可思議地”；appallingly“使人驚駭?shù)亍?；impartially“公正地”。句意：公平地展現(xiàn)每個問題的兩面并向讀者指出什么樣的方式能夠保證絕大部分人的利益，這樣就肯定能引導公眾輿論。選項D符合題意。

3.翻譯題

Loveisofthreevarieties:unselfish,mutualandordinaryorselfish.Unselfishloveisofthehighestkind.Here,theonewholovesseeksonlythewelfareofthebelovedanddoesnotcarewhetherhesufferspainsandhardshipsthereby.Thesecondkindofloveismutualloveinwhichtheonewholovesdesiresnotonlythehappinessofhisbeloved,buthasaneyetohisownhappinessalso.Selfishloveisthelowest.Itmakesamancareonlyforhisownhappinesswithouthavinganyregardforthefeelingofthebeloved.

TranslatethefollowingshortparagraphsintoChinese

【答案】愛分為三種：無私的，相互的，平凡或自私的。無私的愛境界最高。在這種愛里，愛人只希望被愛的人幸福并且不在意自己是否會經(jīng)受痛苦和磨難。第二種是相互的愛，在這種愛里，愛人不僅渴望自己被愛的人獲得幸福，并且希望自己也能快樂。自私的愛是最低級的一種愛。這種愛讓人只關注自己的幸福，而不會關心被愛人的感受。

4.單選題

We’dbetter（

）thewholeplaceincaseit’sbeenbugged.

問題1選項

A.leavealone

B.checkout

C.takedown

D.pulldown

【答案】B

【解析】leavealone不管,不打擾；checkout檢查；takedown拿下,記下；pulldown推翻,摧毀。句意:我們最好把整個地方都檢查一下,以防被安了竊聽器。選項B符合句意。

5.單選題

Duringthesummervacation,kidsareoftenseenhanging_____inthestreets.

問題1選項

A.about

B.on

C.over

D.out

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析。hangabout徘徊，閑蕩；hangon堅持下去，不掛斷；hangover掛在...之上；hangout閑逛，鬼混。hangout側(cè)重于跟朋友出去玩；hangabout一般指無所事事，游手好閑。句意：暑假期間，經(jīng)?？吹胶⒆觽冊诮稚祥e逛。選項D更符合語境。

6.單選題

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatpeoplewhorefuseto（

）withthelawwillbepunished.

問題1選項

A.conceal

B.consent

C.abide

D.comply

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項conceal“隱藏，隱瞞”；B選項consent“同意，準許”；C選項abide“忍受”；D選項comply“遵守”。

句意：不言而喻，拒絕遵守法律的人將受到懲罰。complywith意為“遵守”，所以選項D正確。

7.翻譯題

Nowastothematteroflying,youwanttobeverycarefulaboutlying;otherwiseyouarenearlysuretogetcaught.Oncecaught,youcanneveragainbe,intheeyesofthegoodandpure,whatyouwerebefore.Manyayoungpersonhasinjuredhimselfpermanentlythroughasingleclumsyandill-finishedlie,theresultofcarelessnessbornofincompletetraining.Someauthoritiesholdthattheyoungoughtnottolieatall.That,ofcourse,isputtingitratherstrongerthannecessary;stillwhilelcannotgoquitesofarasthat,Idomaintain,andIbelieveIamright,thattheyoungoughttobetemperateintheuseofthisgreatartuntilpracticeandexperienceshallgivethemthatconfidence,eleganceandprecisionwhichalonecanmaketheaccomplishmentgracefulandprofitable.Practice,diligence,painstakingattentiontodetail—thesearerequirements;theseintime,willmakethestudentperfect;uponthese,andupontheseonly,mayherelyasthesurefoundationforfutureeminence.Thinkwhattediousyearsofstudy,thought,practice,experience,wenttotheequipmentofthatpeerlessoldmasterwhowasabletoimposeuponthewholeworldtheloftyandsoundingmaximthat“Truthismightyandwillprevail”—themostmajesticcompoundfractureoffactwhichanyofwomanbornhasyetachieved.Forthehistoryofourrace,andeachindividual’sexperience,aresownthickwithevidencethatatruthisnothardtokillandalietoldwellisimmortal.ThereisinBostonamonumentofthemanwhodiscoveredanesthesia.

【答案】現(xiàn)在要是說到說謊，你必須要非常小心地說謊；否則你幾乎肯定會被抓。在善良和純潔的人眼里，一旦你被抓住，你就再也不可能是你以前的樣子了。許多年輕人就因為一個笨拙的、沒有完成的謊言而永久地傷害了自己，這是缺乏訓練而導致的粗心的結(jié)果。一些權(quán)威人士認為，年輕人根本不應該撒謊。當然，這是一種過于強烈的表達；盡管我不能做到那樣，我還是會堅持，我相信我是對的，年輕人在運用這門偉大的藝術(shù)時應該有節(jié)制，直到實踐和經(jīng)驗會給他們帶來自信、優(yōu)雅和精確，而只有這些才能使你優(yōu)雅而有益地完成這門藝術(shù)。實踐、勤奮、對細節(jié)的細心——這些都是要求；這些假以時日，會使學生臻于完美；在這些基礎上，也只有在這些基礎上，他才能作為未來顯赫的可靠基礎。想想看，這位舉世無雙的老大師，經(jīng)過多年枯燥乏味的學習、思考、實踐和經(jīng)驗，才得以把“真理是強大的，并且將會獲勝”這句崇高而響亮的格言傳遍全世界——這是迄今為止任何一位女性所取得的最宏偉的復合斷裂事實。因為我們?nèi)祟惖臍v史和每個人的經(jīng)歷都布滿了證據(jù)，證明真理不難消滅，而講得好的謊言則是不朽的。波士頓有一座紀念麻醉術(shù)發(fā)明者的紀念碑。

8.單選題

Althoughsports____thehousehold,Joedrewthelinewhentheyinterferedwithfamilytraditionsandroutine.

問題1選項

A.overwhelmed

B.affected

C.dominated

D.influenced

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.overwhelmed壓倒B.affected影響

C.dominated占據(jù)支配地位D.influenced影響

【答案】C

【考查點】語義銜接與動詞辨析

【解題思路】空格處所填詞的主語為“體育運動”，賓語為“家庭；家人”根據(jù)前后語義，應該是想表達在Joe的家庭中，體育運動很重要，但是也會有個限度，不讓它們干擾家庭的傳統(tǒng)和日常的事務，因此，C選項dominated“占據(jù)支配地位”符合上下文語義銜接。

【干擾項排除】

A選項overwhelmed“壓倒”，側(cè)重于指完全戰(zhàn)勝，不符合原文語義銜接；

B選項affected側(cè)重于指有形力量的影響，有時這種影響是不受歡迎的，不符合原文語義銜接；

D選項influenced側(cè)重于指無形力量的影響，不符合原文語義銜接。

【句意】盡管體育運動在家庭中占統(tǒng)治地位，但是當它們干擾了家庭的傳統(tǒng)和日常事務時，Joe也有個限度。

9.單選題

Whenhewasinjuniorhighatfourteen,hisintelligencewassuchthathe（）amongundergraduatesthanamongschoolboys.

問題1選項

A.wouldfitbetterin

B.wouldhavefittedinbetter

C.fittedbetterin

D.wouldhavefittedbetter

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法知識。根據(jù)句意：當他14歲上初中時，他的智力如此之高……。后文的比較說明“amongundergraduates”是說話人的主觀看法，而不是真實情況，因此句子為虛擬語氣。表示與過去事實相反時用“wouldhave”。befitin表示“適合”。因此B選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Wecarriedout（）checksonthevehiclesbeforetheyleavethedepot.

問題1選項

A.spot

B.pot

C.rain

D.coat

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項spot“地點，斑點，認出，弄臟”；B選項pot“壺，盆，罐”；C選項rain“雨，下雨，雨天，雨季”；D選項coat“外套，覆蓋……的表面”。spotcheck意為抽查。其他關于spot的固定搭配還有onthespot“立刻，當場，在危險中，處于負責地位”；aspotof“少量的，一點兒”等，因此A選項正確。

11.單選題

Aftera37-yearadvertisingcareeratYoung&Rubicam,PeterA.Georgescuisfindingtimetopromoteafewcausesthatareasdeartohim.

Mr.Georgescu,66,whooncemanagedwell-knowncampaignslikethe“SofterSideofSears,”retiredaschairmanandchiefexecutiveofYoung&Rubicamin2000,buthesaysheisnowin“themostwonderfulchapterofmylife.”

Itisanaptmetaphorbecausehisbook,TheSourceofSuccess(Jossey-Bass,$27.95)isbeingpublishedthismonth.ThebookaimstoexplainwhatMr.GeorgescuviewsasthetwomajorchallengesfacingAmerica:economiccompetitionfromtheemergingeconomiesofChinaandIndiaandaneedtofostermorecreativitywithinAmericancompanies.

“Theonlywaythisnationcancompetewiththosethatproducehigh-qualityproductsatalowerpriceisbygeneratingideasthatbuildaspecialrelationshipwithconsumers,”hesaid.“Everyonehasbuildingsandtechnology;thosearecommodities.Theonlyleverageableassetinthefuturewillbecreativity.”

AnyprofitfromhisbookwillgotoacharitycalledBetterChance,whichfindsbrightchildreninsomeofthenation'spoorestneighborhoodsandhelpsthemtoattendoutstandinghighschools,includingprivateprepschoolslikethePhillipsExeterAcademyinNewHampshire.

Mr.Georgescu,anExeteralumnus,receivedabachelor'sdegreeinpoliticalsciencefromPrincetonandanM.B.A.fromStanfordbeforestartingatYoung&Rubicamin1963.

HesaidhecountedhimselfluckytohavegainedadmissiontoExeterin1954,whenhearrivedintheUnitedStatesattheageof15fromhisnativeRomaniaafterspendingsevenyearsinaCommunistlaborcamp.

“Ihadbeencleaningsewers,andIspokelittleEnglish,butsomeonegavemeachance,”hesaid.“Iwanttodothatforotheryoungpeoplewhoaredisadvantaged.”

HealsovolunteersasaboardmemberoftheNewYorkPhilharmonic.Inthebusinessworld,heholdsthetitleofchairmanemeritusofYoung&Rubicamandservesasadirectorforseveralcompanies.

Heandhiswife,Barbara,liveinManhattanandhaveasonandthreegranddaughters.Herisesat6a.m.mostdaystorunfivemiles,partlyalongtheEastRiver.

“That'showItorturemyself,”hesaid.

1.Fromthefirst3paragraphsweknowthatMr.Georgescuis（）.

2.WhatareMr.GeorgescuviewsaboutthemajorchallengesfacingAmerica?

3.AccordingtoMr.Georgescu,thefutureofeconomiccompetitionliesin（）.

4.Wemayinferfromthecontextthat“Exeter”(Line1,Para.6)isthenameof（）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe（）.

問題1選項

A.anauthor

B.anadvertiser

C.theauthorofthe“SofterSideofSears”

D.chairmanandchiefexecutiveofYoung&Rubicam

問題2選項

A.ChinaandIndia.

B.Competitionandcreativity.

C.Competitionfromtheemergingeconomies.

D.AneedtofostermorecreativitywithinAmericancompanies.

問題3選項

A.goodideas

B.consumers

C.commodities

D.creativity

問題4選項

A.ahighschool

B.acharity

C.asmalltown

D.arefugeeshelter

問題5選項

A.AManager’s37-yearAdvertisingCareer

B.TheSourceofSuccess

C.TwoMajorChallengesFacingAmerica

D.AGratefulStudentReturnstheFavor

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。原文第一段提及，作者曾經(jīng)是一名廣告商，而題干問的是現(xiàn)在的職業(yè)，所以選項B錯誤；“SofterSideofSears”是一場活動不是書名，選項C錯誤；選項D同樣也是他過去的職位，所以不正確。原文第三段提及，他的新書《成功之源》即將出版，由此可知，他是一名作者，所以選項A正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“ThebookaimstoexplainwhatMr.GeorgescuviewsasthetwomajorchallengesfacingAmerica:economiccompetitionfromtheemergingeconomiesofChinaandIndiaandaneedtofostermorecreativitywithinAmericancompanies.這本書的目的是解釋Georgescu所認為的美國面臨的兩大挑戰(zhàn)：來自中國和印度等新興經(jīng)濟體的經(jīng)濟競爭，以及培養(yǎng)美國公司更多創(chuàng)造力的需要?！焙喍灾簿褪歉偁幒蛣?chuàng)造力。所以選項B正確。

3.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)原文第四段的內(nèi)容，Mr.Georgescu認為美國要想與那些以較低價格生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品的國家競爭，唯一的辦法就是想出與消費者建立特殊關系的點子。大家都有建筑和技術(shù)；這些都是商品。未來唯一可以利用的資產(chǎn)將是創(chuàng)造力。由此可知，選項D正確。

4.詞義推斷題。上文提及“‘更好機會’的慈善機構(gòu)幫助一些貧困社區(qū)里聰明的孩子上優(yōu)秀的高中，包括新罕布什爾的菲利普斯?？巳貙W院等私立預科學校。”由此可知，“Exeter”指的是高中學校，所以選項A正確。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是圍繞著Mr.Georgescu的新書《成功之源》展開，所以選項B作為標題更恰當。

12.單選題

Amysteriousblackcloudapproachestheearth—ourplanet’sweatherisseverelyaffected.

ThroughouttherestofJuneandJulytemperaturesrosesteadilyallovertheEarth.IntheBritishIslesthetemperatureclimbedthroughtheeighties,intothenineties,andmovedtowardsthehundredmark.Peoplecomplained,buttherewasnoseriousdisaster.

ThedeathnumberintheU.S.remainedquitesmall,thankslargelytotheair-conditioningunitsthathadbeenfittedduringpreviousyearsandmonths.Temperaturesrosetothelimitofhumanendurancethroughoutthewholecountryandpeoplewereobligedtoremainindoorsforweeksonend.Occasionallyair-conditioningunitsfailedanditwasthenthatfatalitiesoccurred.

Conditionswereutterlydesperatethroughoutthetropicsasmaybejudgedfromthefactthat7943speciesofplantsandanimalsbecametotallyextinct.ThesurvivalofManhimselfwasonlypossiblebecauseofthecavesandcellarshewasabletodig.Nothingcouldbedonetoreducethehotairtemperature.Morethansevenhundredmillionpersonsareknowntohavelosttheirlives.

Eventuallythetemperatureofthesurfacewatersofthesearose,notsofastastheairtemperature,butfastenoughtoproduceadangerousincreaseofhumidity.Itwasindeedthisincreasethatproducedthedisastrousconditionsjustremarked.MillionsofpeoplebetweenthelatitudesofCairoandtheCapeofGoodHopeweresubjectedtoachokingatmospherethatgrewdamperandhotterfromdaytoday.Allhumanmovementceased.Therewasnothingtobedonebuttoliebreathingquicklyasadogdoesinhotweather.

BythefourthweekofJulyconditionsinthetropicslaybalancedbetweenlifeandtotaldeath.Thenquitesuddenlyraincloudsappearedoverthewholeglobe.Thetemperaturedeclinedalittle,duenodoubttothecloudsreflectingmoreoftheSun’sradiationbackintospace.Butconditionscouldnotbesaidtohaveimproved.Warmrainfelleverywhere,evenasfarnorthasIceland.Theinsectpopulationincreasedenormously,sincetheburninghotatmospherewasasfavorabletothemasitwasunfavorabletoManandmanyotheranimals.

1.IntheBritishIslesthetemperature____________.

2.FewpeopleintheUnitedStateslosttheirlivesbecause____________.

3.MillionsofpeopleinCairoandtheCapeofGoodHopeweresubjectedtoachokingatmospherebecause____________.

4.BythefourthweekofJulyconditionsinthetropicsweresuchthat____________.

5.Theinsectpopulationincreaseddueto____________.

問題1選項

A.stayedateighty

B.rangedfromeightytoninety

C.approachedonehundred

D.exceededthehundredmark

問題2選項

A.thetemperaturewastolerable

B.peopleremainedindoorsforweeks

C.thegovernmenthadtakeneffectivemeasurestoreducethehottemperature

D.peoplewereprovidedwiththemostcomfortableair-conditioners

問題3選項

A.thetemperaturegrewextremelyhot

B.thetemperaturebecamedamperandhotterasthehumidityofthesurfacewatersoftheseaincreased

C.theirconditionsweretoodangerous

D.nothingcouldbedonewiththehottemperature

問題4選項

A.humansurvivalwouldbeimpossible

B.moreandmorepeoplewouldlosetheirlives

C.fewerpeoplecouldbesaved

D.survivalordeathwasstillundecided

問題5選項

A.thehotair

B.thetropicalclimate

C.therainclouds

D.thedampatmosphere

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句IntheBritishIslesthetemperatureclimbedthroughtheeighties,intothenineties,andmovedtowardsthehundredmark.（在不列顛群島，溫度從80度上升到90度，并接近100度。），可知不列顛群島的溫度快接近100度，故C選項“接近100”正確。A選項“保持在80度”，B選項“從80上升到90度”和D選項“超過100度”錯誤。因此C選項正確。

2.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句ThedeathnumberintheU.S.remainedquitesmall,thankslargelytotheair-conditioningunitsthathadbeenfittedduringpreviousyearsandmonths.（美國的死亡人數(shù)仍然很少，這在很大程度上要歸功于前幾年和前幾個月安裝的空調(diào)設備。），可知，在美國很少人因為高溫而喪生得益于空調(diào)，故D選項“人們裝有最舒適的空調(diào)”正確。A選項“溫度還可以忍受”和B選項“人們在室內(nèi)待了幾個星期”：根據(jù)第三段第二句Temperaturesrosetothelimitofhumanendurancethroughoutthewholecountryandpeoplewereobligedtoremainindoorsforweeksonend.（全國各地氣溫上升到人類承受能力的極限，人們被迫連續(xù)數(shù)周待在室內(nèi)。），可知這氣溫已超出承受范圍，故A選項錯誤，并且因為氣溫太高人們不得不待在室內(nèi)，這是高溫帶來的影響而非只有少數(shù)人死亡的原因，故B選項錯誤。C選項“政府已經(jīng)采取了有效的措施來降低高溫”：文章沒有提到政府做了什么，故錯誤。因此D選項正確。

3.實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Eventuallythetemperatureofthesurfacewatersofthesearose…toproduceadangerousincreaseofhumidity.（最終，海水表層的溫度上升了……致命的濕度增加。）和第三句grewdamperandhotterfromdaytoday（天氣一天比一天潮濕和炎熱），可知是海水溫度和濕度增加影響的開羅和好望角地區(qū)，故B選項“隨著海洋表層海水濕度的增加，溫度變得更潮濕、更熱”正確，A選項“溫度變得非常熱”中僅僅因為溫度變化不至于造成這樣的結(jié)果。C選項“他們的條件太危險了”：這是對這情況的描述而非原因，故錯誤。D選項“他們對高溫無計可施”：根據(jù)第四段第二句ThesurvivalofManhimselfwasonlypossiblebecauseofthecavesandcellarshewasabletodig.（人類之所以能活下來，完全是因為挖到了洞穴和地窖。），可知人類運用了一些對策面對高溫，故錯誤。因此B選項正確。

4.語義推測題。根據(jù)第六段BythefourthweekofJuly…Thetemperaturedeclinedalittle…Butconditionscouldnotbesaidtohaveimproved…asitwasunfavorabletoManandmanyotheranimals.（到了七月的第四個星期……溫度降低了一點……但不能說情況有所改善……就像對人類和許多其他動物不利一樣），可知對人類來說，氣溫的威脅降低了，可是其他的危險同時出現(xiàn)，人類安全與否仍然未知，故D選項“生死仍未定”正確。A選項“人類將不可能存活”，B選項“越來越多的人將失去生命”和C選項“更少的人可以被拯救”與句意不符，故錯誤。因此D選項正確。

5.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段最后一句Theinsectpopulationincreasedenormously,sincetheburninghotatmosphere（昆蟲的數(shù)量急劇增加，因為灼熱的大氣對它們有利），可知昆蟲因為灼熱的大氣而增加，故A選項“灼熱的大氣”正確。B選項“熱帶氣候”C選項“云雨天氣”和D選項“潮濕的空氣”：文章沒有說這些因素和昆蟲數(shù)量增多的關系，故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

13.翻譯題

Humorhasbeenwelldefinedas“thinkinginfunwhilefeelinginearnest”.TheEnglishdonotapproachlifeintellectually;theydonotdemandthatitshallconformtosomerigidmentalplan;theyarenotconvincedthattheuniversecanbepenetratedbythought;theyarewillingtogotowork,eitherinpoliticsorart,withoutatheorytosustainthem;andwhentheyaremorepracticalthanotherraces,itisnot-asthoseracesfrequentlyconclude—becausetheyarecoldlyclear-sightedandunimaginative,butbecausetheydonotbusythemselvesaskingreasontofindakeywheninstincthasalreadyshownthemthatthedooriswideopen.

【答案】幽默能被很好地定義為“一邊誠摯地感受，一邊有趣地思考”。英國人不肯理智地對待生活。他們不要求人生必須符合某種死板的計劃，他們也不相信宇宙會被透徹地思考研究。他們愿意在沒有理論支持的情況下從事政治或藝術(shù)工作。并且當他們比別的民族更實際的時候，事實并不是因為他們能只有頭腦冷靜、缺乏想象力像別的民族得出的結(jié)論那樣，而是因為當本能已經(jīng)告訴他們門是打開的時候，他們沒有忙著讓理性去找出鑰匙。

14.單選題

Therewasatrafficjam,butshe______gettothedestinationintime.

問題1選項

A.could

B.might

C.oughtto

D.wasableto

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項could“能夠（原本就具有某種能力）”；B選項might“也許會”；C選項oughtto“應該（表示期望或可能發(fā)生的事或表示勸告或建議）”；D選項wasableto“能夠（通過努力可以具備某種能力或?qū)崿F(xiàn)某種狀態(tài)，強調(diào)有努力的過程）”。句意：雖然發(fā)生了交通擁堵，但她______及時到達目的地。根據(jù)語境，這里指即使因為交通擁堵及時到達目的地存在困難，但是她依然辦到了，D選項wasableto符合題意。因此D選項正確。

15.單選題

GeorgeGallup,Jr.,themanwhomakesand（

）hisreputation（

）knowingwhatAmericansthink,hasbroughtallhispollingstrategiestogethertoidentifyandanalyzewhathecallsfutureforces.

問題1選項

A.challenges...on

B.stakes...on

C.hazards...to

D.bets...to

【答案】B

【解析】challenge…on在……方面挑戰(zhàn)；stake…on把賭注押在……上面；hazard...to對……有危險；bet不與to搭配。句意：GeorgeGallup，Jr.這個把自己的名譽押在知曉美國人想法上的人，將所有的投票策略集中到一起，以確定和分析他所說的未來力量。選項B符合句意。

16.翻譯題

TodayisamajormilestoneforMicrosoft.ThekeypartnershipswebuildwithsoftwaredevelopersaroundtheworldarecentralnotonlytothesuccessofWindowsbutalsotorealizethepossibilitythatPCtechnologyprovides.It’sthroughapplicationsofeveryvarietythatbusinesseswillbeusingthepersonalcomputerasthetooloftheInformationAge.

MicrosofthasavisionforwherethePCisgoing.AndthatvisionsaysthatPCswillbecomeacentralelementofhowcompaniesshareinformationinsidethecompany.Thenameofthatvisionistheso-calledDigitalNervousSystem(DNS),allowingcompaniestoreducepaperworkandmakebetterdecisions.TheDigitalNervousSystemmeansthatnotonlydoyouhavethePCsandtheyareconnectedtogether,andnotonlydoyouhavestandardelementslikeelectronicmailbutalsoyoureallythoughtcarefullyaboutwhatinformationisimportant,andsoalloftheprocesses—ordertaking,salesplanning,personnelmanagement,projectmanagement—allofthosehavebeensetuptotakefulladvantageofthecapabilitiesofthecomputer.

AnothermajorvisionthatMicrosofthasisthatwritingprograms,writingtheapplicationsforthesemachinesneedstogetveryeasy,sowecanwriteprogramsthatcanrunacrosstheentireInternetwhichismillionsofmachines.Andthisisanewapproachtoprogrammingthatdrawsonwhatwasdonepreviously.DNSsaysthatdevelopersshouldbeabletofocusontheirparticulartaskandnothavetolearnalotaboutmanagementofthemachineresources.

Greatchipsandsystemsdevelopedbyourpartnerswhoareherewithussponsoringthisevent,makethisallpossible.Andthere’sanincredibleopportunityfordevelopers.Theapplicationsthatarewrittentodaywillselltoanevenlargerbaseofmachinesoutinthemarket.Thereisalotthatwe’redoingtoincreasetheworkwithgooddevelopers—makesuretheyunderstandwherethePCisgoingandhowtoolscanhelpthemnow,moreandmoremarketingtypeofactivitiesmakingsuretheygetoutinwiththecustomers.

Andthisissomethingthatwearejustgoingtoincreaseyearafteryear.AndsotheoverallDNS(DigitalNervousSystem)messageisoneabouthelpingdevelopersseizethatopportunity,bringingtogetherthedifferentarchitectures,makingthingsautomaticandallowingthistobedoneinagreatevolutionaryfashion.AndsoIthinkit’safantastictimetobeadeveloperandweappreciateyourbeinghereandlookforwardtotheopportunitytoworkwithyoumore.

【答案】我們與全球軟件開發(fā)人員建立的重要伙伴關系不僅是促成視窗系統(tǒng)成功的關鍵,而且使個人電腦技術(shù)提供的可能性成為現(xiàn)實。應用技術(shù)貫穿各個領域,一些公司會把個人電腦用作信息時代的工具。

微軟公司的另一個重要設想是:為電腦編寫應用程序的過程必須簡單化。因此,我們應該讓這些程序在由無數(shù)臺電腦組成的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中運行,這是利用以往的成就編程的一種新方法。

這就是我們年復一年要增加的東西。整個數(shù)字神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)信息的目的就是要幫助開發(fā)人員抓住機遇,通過結(jié)合不同的體系結(jié)構(gòu),實現(xiàn)任務自動化并允許以一種漸進的方式完成這一工作。

17.單選題

TheReader'sDigestinvestigationaskedAmericanswhichwasthebiggestthreattothenation'sfuture--bigbusiness,biglabororbiggovernment.Awhopping67percentreplied"biggovernment".Thatisabigchangeover40yearsago.A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices.Ina1965Gallupsurvey,thosebelievingbiggovernmenttobetheproblemhadrisento35percent;by1985,to50percent.

Now(1995)twoofthreeAmericansfearbiggovernment.Opinionresearchersrarelyseesuchavastchangeinpublicattitude.Whenputinhistoricalperspective,fromthetimeofFranklinRoosevelt’sNewDealtothepresent,thefallenstatusofgovernmentasaprotectorandbenefactorisextraordinary.We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression.

Inourpoll,takenbeforetheNovemberelections,theoverwhelmingmajorityofourrespondentswantedtostoporrollbacktheimpactofgovernment.InanswertoanotherquestionposedbyTheDigest,79percentsaidtheywantedeithernomorethanthecurrentlevelofgovernmentservicesandtaxes,orlessgovernmentandlowertaxes.

"Itseemstomethatweinthemiddleclassbearmostoftheburden,"saysJoNellNorman,61,anurseinDyersburg,Tenn.,whooftenwondersaboutthegovernment'sjudgmentinspendinghermoney.

OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen.AndwhataboutCongress?Isitdoingagoodjob?Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?'

Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer.

However,Americansaresatisfiedwiththeirownlivesandjobs.Fouroffiverespondentswere"completely"or"somewhat"satisfied.Thefiguresheldupacrossallages-includingXers,whommanypunditshaveclaimedarepessimisticabouttheirfuture.

KeithUnderbill,22,ofFridley,Minn.,findshisjobasatelephoneoperatorforacataloguecompany"notchallenging,notdifficult"butstill"satisfyingbecauseoftheincome."Heseesitasaspringboardtobiggerthings."Ihopetostartmyownbusinesssomeday,somethinginfinance."Lookingdeeperatjobs,wefound70percentofAmericansbelievetheyareaboutwheretheyshouldbe,giventheirtalentsandeffort.Thisisanissuewhereagealwaysmakesadifference,sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied,whileyoungerworkersarestilltryingtofindtherightniche.Sureenough,Xersscored65percent,aboutfivepointsbelowaverage.

1.Thesurveyhasrevealedthatinthe40yearsthepublicfaithintheAmericangovernmenthasdroppedby（

）.

2.TheU.S.governmentstatusinthepublicmindbeforetheGreatDepression

（

）.

3.Itisclearthatthepeople'sgreatdislikeforthegovernmentisrelatedwith

（

）.

4."Politicalfuture"inParagraph5maymean

（

）.

5.Olderpeopleareunlikelytochangetheirjobssooftensince（

）.

問題1選項

A.67percent

B.51percent

C.35percent

D.16percent

問題2選項

A.wasregardedasquitenormal

B.usedtobeverylow

C.remainedadifficultproblemforthefederalgovernment

D.remindedpeopleoftheprincipleslaiddownbyWashington

問題3選項

A.theinefficientstyleofwork

B.oftenwrongjudgments

C.therisingrateoftaxes

D.theCongress

問題4選項

A.thefutureofthewholenation

B.people'swell-beinginthefuture

C.apositionofhigherrank

D.awarenessofconsistencyinpolicies

問題5選項

A.theyneedtosupporttheirfamilies

B.nocompanieswilltakeintheaged

C.ittakestimetolearnanewtradeorprofession

D.theireffortsandtalentsarefalling

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“調(diào)查表明在40年民眾對美國政府的信心下降了多少？”根據(jù)文章第二段可知現(xiàn)在是1995年，說明40年前是1954年。文章第一段提到有67%的人認為大政府對國家未來的威脅最大。而1954年只有16%人認為大政府有威脅（A1954OpinionResearchCorp.Pollfoundthatonly16percentofAmericansindictedbiggovernment,giventhesamethreechoices），由此可知國民對政府的信心下降了51%。選項B符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“在大蕭條時期前美國政府在民眾的心中是怎樣的？”文章第二段最后一句提到“我們又回到了大蕭條時期美國人對華盛頓本能的謹慎”（We'vereturnedtotheinstinctiveAmericanwarinessofWashingtonsocommonbeforetheGreatDepression），說明在大蕭條時期政府在民眾心中的地位就低，選項B符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第六段提到89%的人認為國會會把事情搞砸（Acrossgenerations,athumping89percentthoughtthelatter."Congressalwaysseemstobescrewingup,"saysoneyoungXer），選項D符合題意。

4.詞義題。文章第五段第一句提到在樣本中，62%的美國人認為政客的道德和誠實度已經(jīng)下降（OfAmericansinoursample,62percentbelievethatpoliticians’ethicsandhonestyhavefallen），以及比起通過好的法規(guī)，議員們花更多的時間在他們的政治前途上嗎？（Ordomembers"spendmoretimethinkingabouttheirpoliticalfuturesthanpassinggoodlegislation?）可知這里的政治前途指的是權(quán)利地位，選項C符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到由于年齡較大的人在工作中更穩(wěn)定，他們往往更滿意（sinceolderpeople,whoaremoreestablishedintheirjobs,tendtobemoresatisfied），選項C符合題意。

18.不定項選擇題

Asinthecaseofsomanywordsusedbythebiologistandphysiologist,thewordacclimatizationishardtodefine.Withincreaseinknowledgeandunderstanding,meaningsofwordschange.Originallythetermacclimatizationwastakentomeanonlytheabilityofhumanbeingsoranimalsorplantstoaccustomthemselvestonewandstrangeclimaticconditions,primarilyalteredtemperature.Apersonorawolfmovestoahotclimateandisuncomfortablethere,butafteratimeisbetterabletowithstandtheheat.Butasidefromtemperature,thereareotheraspectsofclimate.Apersonorananimalmaybecomeadjustedtolivingathigheraltitudesthanthoseitwasoriginallyaccustomedto.Atreallyhighaltitudes,suchasaviatorsmaybeexposedto,thelowatmosphericpressurebecomesafactorofprimaryimportance.Inchangingtoanewenvironment,apersonmay,therefore,meetnewconditionsoftemperatureorpressure,andinadditionmayhavetocontendwithdifferentchemicalsurroundings.Onhighmountains,theamountofoxygenintheatmospheremayberelativelysmall;incrowdedcities,apersonmaybecomeexposedtorelativelyhighconcentrationsofcarbondioxideorevencarbonmonoxide,andinvariousareasmaybeexposedtoconditionsinwhichthewatercontentoftheatmosphereisextremelyhighorextremelylow.Thusinthecaseofhumans,animals,andevenplants,theconceptofacclimatizationincludesthephenomenaofincreasedtolerationofhighorlowtemperature,ofalteredpressure,andofchangesinthechemicalenvironment.

Letusdefineacclimatization,therefore,astheprocessinwhichanorganismorapartofanorganismbecomesusedtoanenvironmentwhichisnormallyunsuitabletoitorlethalforit.Byandlarge,acclimatizationisarelativelyslowprocess.Thetermshouldnotbetakentoincluderelativelyrapidadjustmentssuchasoursenseorgansareconstantlymaking.Thistypeofadjustmentiscommonlyreferredtobyphysiologistsas“adaptation”.

Thusourtouchsensesoonbecomesaccustomedtothepressureofourclothesandwedonotfeelthem;wesoonfailtohearthetickingofaclock;obnoxiousodorsafteratimefailtomakemuchimpressiononus,andoureyesinstronglightrapidlybecomeinsensitive.

Thefundamentalfactaboutacclimatizationisthatallanimalsandplantshavesomecapacitytoadjustthemselvestochangesintheirenvironment.Thisisoneofthemostremarkablecharacteristicsoflivingorg