考研考博-英語-安徽郵電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽郵電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Itwasunusualforthere（）sofewstudentsintheclassroom.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobe

B.be

C.being

D.are

【答案】A

【解析】考查句式。介詞for后面跟的存在句采用不定式形式。句意：教室里的學(xué)生這么少是不尋常的。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.填空題

A:Ican'tspeakRussian.

B:Ican't（

）.Weobviouslyneedaninterpreter.

【答案】neither

【解析】語義題。Neither表示“兩者都不……”。

3.單選題

（）adelay,thetrainwillarriveinShanghaiat6:30a.m.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Except

B.Barring

C.Apartfrom

D.Onaccountof

【答案】B

【解析】介詞詞義解析。except“除了”；barring“倘若”；apartfrom“除……以外”；onaccountof“由于”。題中adelay是一個(gè)名詞，所以需填入介詞。句意：倘若沒有延誤的話，或者應(yīng)該會在上午六點(diǎn)半到達(dá)上海。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.單選題

Whenthefarmersvisitedthecityforthefirsttime,theywere______byitscomplicatedtrafficsystem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.evoked

B.bewildered

C.diverted

D.undermined

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.evoked引起，喚起（感情、記憶或形象）B.bewildered使迷惑，使糊涂

C.diverted使轉(zhuǎn)向，轉(zhuǎn)移（某人）的注意力D.undermined逐漸削弱（信心、權(quán)威等），使逐步減少效力

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意“農(nóng)民們第一次進(jìn)城時(shí)，他們被城市復(fù)雜的交通系統(tǒng)______”可知，他們是對城市復(fù)雜的交通系統(tǒng)感到困惑，所以該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】農(nóng)民們第一次進(jìn)城時(shí)，對城市復(fù)雜的交通系統(tǒng)感到迷惑不解。

5.單選題

Takingadvantageofhispopularityintheopinionpolls,thePrimeMinisterhasdecidedtocalla________electionfornextmonth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.convincing

B.magnetic

C.snap

D.clean-cut

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“convincing”，意為“令人信服的；有說服力的”；B選項(xiàng)“magnetic”，意為“地磁的；有磁性的；有吸引力的”；C選項(xiàng)“snap”，意為“突然的”，snapelection是個(gè)短語，意為“提前選舉；臨時(shí)選舉”；D選項(xiàng)“clean-cut”，意為“（尤指男人）外表整潔的，優(yōu)雅高尚的；輪廓分明的”。句意：首相利用他在民意調(diào)查中的聲望，決定在下個(gè)月__提前__舉行選舉。本句表示“首相想趁著自己在民意調(diào)查中富有聲望，于是提前進(jìn)行選舉，來獲取優(yōu)勢地位”。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Elaine,Justin’smom,hadsetdownthehouseruleswithself-confidentassurance.Onlythemostobtusepersonwouldhavefailedtounderstand:notattoos,nobodypiercingsandnoco-edsleepoverswhilelivinginthehouseofElaineTuckerBrown.Still,thedayJustinturned18,heliedtohismotheraboutwherehewasgoingandheadedstraighttothetattooparlor,asifimpervioustohismother’swrath.Hegotalightblueheart,thesizeofanorangepermanentlyetchedonhisarm.Abovethisworkofartwastheword“Blessed”.No,Justinwasnotstupid,buthewasobstinate.Elainesawthisasanactofsheerdefiance.Shewasincensed,herangerexacerbatedbythefactthatJustinhadbreezedintothehouse,foundherinthekitchen,takenoffhisshirtwithasmileandsaid,“Gotit!”“No,Justin.Letmetellwhatyou'vegot,”Elainesaidangrily.“You'vegotfiveminutestogoupstairsandpackabag.IamtakingyoutoPop-Pop's.”TheridetoPop-Pop’shousewaschilly,tosaytheleast.ElaineberatedJustinforeverythingshecouldthinkof,whichwasn’tmuchbecausehewasastraightAseniorwithafullacademicscholarshiptohistopcollegepick.Hehadakindheartandstartedafoundationintheninthgrade,whichdonatedusedsportingequipmenttounderprivilegedkidsinSouthAfrica.Elainepulleduptoherfather’sdoorandorderedJustinout.Not10minuteslater,hercellphonerang.“Elaine,haveyoulostit?Youarekickingaboyasgoodashimoutthehouseforatattoo-thatsays‘Blessed’,noless?”herfatherasked,incredulous.“Youwillmisshimsomuch.Don’tcutoffyournosetospiteface,Elaine.Comepickthisyoungmanup.”Elaine,havinggrownupobeyingmostofherparents’demands,turnedhercararoundandwentbacktopickupherson.Justinwassurprisinglycontrite.“Sorryforbeingsodisrespectful,Mom,”hesaidearnestly.“Iwilltrytofollowhouserulesfromnowon.”

1.Whattitlewouldbestfitthispassage?

2.WhatwasJustin’sattitudewhenheshowedhismotherthetattoo?

3.WhichofthefollowingdetailsdoesnotmakethereadersympathetictoJustin?

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebestinterpretationoftheunderlinedidiomintheparagraph?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.“HouseRules”

B.“VisitingPop-Pop”

C.“StraightA’s”

D.“BodyPiercings”

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.cautiouslyjubilant

B.willfullydefiant

C.convincinglycontrite

D.noticeablymelodramatic

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Heisdescribedasobstinate.

B.Heisportrayedaskind-hearted.

C.HeisdescribedasastraightAstudent.

D.Heisdescribedasreceivingafullscholarshiptocollege.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Callingsomethingbadthatisnot.

B.Tryingtoteachsomethingtoodifficult.

C.Lovingapersonlessforwhathehasdone.

D.Pursuingrevengeandhurtingyourselfintheprocess.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Whattitlewouldbestfitthispassage?1.什么標(biāo)題最適合這篇文章？

A.“HouseRules”A.“家規(guī)”

B.“VisitingPop-Pop”B.“拜訪爺爺”

C.“StraightA’s”C.“優(yōu)等生”

D.“BodyPiercings”D.“身體穿刺”

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)文章首尾兩句“賈斯汀的媽媽伊萊恩自信滿滿地定下了家里的規(guī)矩”，以及“從現(xiàn)在開始，我會盡量遵守家里的規(guī)矩”，可以知道，首尾兩句都提到了houserules（家規(guī)）這個(gè)詞語，可見本文主要是圍繞家規(guī)展開的。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“‘拜訪爺爺’”、C項(xiàng)“‘優(yōu)等生’”和D項(xiàng)“‘身體穿刺’”都是文中的細(xì)節(jié)，不是主旨，屬于以偏概全。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.WhatwasJustin’sattitudewhenheshowedhismotherthetattoo?2.當(dāng)賈斯汀給他媽媽看紋身時(shí)，他是什么態(tài)度？

A.cautiouslyjubilantA.謹(jǐn)慎地高興

B.willfullydefiantB.故意挑釁

C.convincinglycontriteC.令人信服地懺悔

D.noticeablymelodramaticD.引人注目地夸張

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至文章第六、七、八句“不，賈斯汀不笨，但他很固執(zhí)（obstinate）。伊萊恩認(rèn)為這是公然的挑釁（anactofsheerdefiance）。她被激怒了，賈斯汀輕快地走進(jìn)房子（Justinhadbreezedintothehouse），發(fā)現(xiàn)她在廚房里，他脫下了襯衫，微笑著（withasmile）說，‘知道了！’”，由Justinhadbreezedintothehouse（賈斯汀輕快地走進(jìn)房子）和withasmile（帶著微笑）可以看出，賈斯汀的態(tài)度是任性固執(zhí)又帶有挑釁的，B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎地高興”和D項(xiàng)“引人注目地夸張”根據(jù)解題思路可知，該兩項(xiàng)不符合原文，屬于曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“令人信服地懺悔”，是賈斯汀去了爺爺家之后的態(tài)度，不復(fù)合題干，屬于張冠李戴。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.WhichofthefollowingdetailsdoesnotmakethereadersympathetictoJustin?3.以下哪一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)不能讓讀者同情賈斯汀？

A.Heisdescribedasobstinate.A.他被描述為固執(zhí)。

B.Heisportrayedaskind-hearted.B.他被描繪成一個(gè)善良的人。

C.HeisdescribedasastraightAstudent.C.他被描述成一個(gè)優(yōu)等生。

D.Heisdescribedasreceivingafullscholarshiptocollege.D.他獲得了大學(xué)全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)原文可知，賈斯汀是一個(gè)心地善良的人，每門學(xué)科都拿A，獲得了全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，這些都是他的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，能夠引起讀者的同情，但他固執(zhí)這一點(diǎn)，無法引起讀者的同情，所以本題選A項(xiàng)“他被描述為固執(zhí)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“他被描繪成一個(gè)善良的人”、C項(xiàng)“他被描述成一個(gè)優(yōu)等生”和D項(xiàng)“他獲得了大學(xué)全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金”，根據(jù)解題思路可知，這三項(xiàng)都是讓讀者同情的地方，屬于反向干擾。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebestinterpretationoftheunderlinedidiomintheparagraph?4.下面哪一項(xiàng)是對段落中劃線習(xí)語的最佳詮釋？

A.Callingsomethingbadthatisnot.A.說一些并不壞的事情。

B.Tryingtoteachsomethingtoodifficult.B.試圖教一些太難的東西。

C.Lovingapersonlessforwhathehasdone.C.愛一個(gè)人不是因?yàn)樗龅氖隆?/p>

D.Pursuingrevengeandhurtingyourselfintheprocess.D.在報(bào)復(fù)的過程中傷害了自己。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位到劃線句子所在處，即文章倒數(shù)第五句“不要割下自己的鼻子來和臉過不去（Don’tcutoffyournosetospiteface）”，結(jié)合上下文語境：賈斯汀因?yàn)榧y身惹惱了媽媽，媽媽生氣地把車開到爺爺家，將賈斯汀趕下車自己走了。爺爺打來電話告訴賈斯汀的媽媽：這么優(yōu)秀的孩子，你會十分想念他的。由此可以推斷，劃線句意為不要為了報(bào)復(fù)反而傷害了自己。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“說一些并不壞的事情”、B項(xiàng)“試圖教一些太難的東西”和C項(xiàng)“愛一個(gè)人不是因?yàn)樗龅氖隆备鶕?jù)解題思路可知，屬于曲解原文。

7.單選題

Theclothesapersonwearsmayexpresshis（

）orsocialposition.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.curiosity

B.status

C.determination

D.significance

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析題。A選項(xiàng)curiosity“好奇心，求知欲”;B選項(xiàng)status“地位，身份”;C選項(xiàng)determination“決心，果斷，堅(jiān)定”；D選項(xiàng)significance“（尤指對將來有影響的）重要性，意義”。根據(jù)表示并列的連詞or和后面的名詞“socialposition社會地位”確定B選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Inaperfectlyfreeandopenmarketeconomy,thetypeofemployer—governmentorprivate—shouldhavelittleornoimpactontheearningsdifferentialsbetweenwomenandmen.However,ifthereisdiscriminationagainstonesex,itisunlikelythatthedegreeofdiscriminationbygovernmentandprivateemployerswillbethesame.Differencesinthedegreeofdiscriminationwouldresultinearningsdifferentialsassociatedwiththetypeofemployer.Giventhenatureofgovernmentandprivateemployers,itseemsmostlikelythatdiscriminationbyprivateemployerswouldbegreater.Thus,onewouldexpectthat,ifwomenarebeingdiscriminatedagainst,governmentemploymentwouldhaveapositiveeffectonwomen’searningsascomparedwiththeirearningsfromprivateemployment.TheresultsofastudybyFuchssupportthisassumption.Fuchs’resultssuggestthattheearningsofwomeninanindustrycomposedentirelyofgovernmentemployeeswouldbe14.6percentgreaterthantheearningsofwomeninanindustrycomposedexclusivelyofprivateemployees,otherthingsbeingequal.

Inaddition,bothFuchsandSanbornhavesuggestedthattheeffectofdiscriminationbyconsumersontheearningsofself-employedwomenmaybegreaterthantheeffectofeithergovernmentorprivateemployerdiscriminationontheearningsofwomenemployees.Totestthishypothesis,Brownselectedalargesampleofwhitemaleandfemaleworkersfromthe1970censusanddividedthemintothreecategories:privateemployees,governmentemployees,andself-employed.(Blackworkerswereexcludedfromthesampletoavoidpickingupearningsdifferentialsthatweretheresultofracialdisparities.)Brown’sresearchdesignwascontrolledforeducation,labor-forceparticipation,mobility,motivation,andageinordertoeliminatethesefactorsasexplanationofthestudy’sresults.Brown’sresultssuggestthatmenandwomenarenottreatedthesamebyemployersandconsumers.Formen,self-employmentisthehighestearningscategory,withprivateemploymentnext,andgovernmentlowest.Forwomen,thisorderisreversed.

OnecaninferfromBrown’sresultsthatconsumersdiscriminateagainstself-employedwomen.Inaddition,self-employedwomenmayhavemoredifficultythanmeningettinggoodemployeesandmayencounterdiscriminationfromsuppliersandfromfinancialinstitutions.

Brown’sresultsareclearlyconsistentwithFuchs’argumentthatdiscriminationbyconsumershasagreaterimpactontheearningsofwomenthandoesdiscriminationbyeithergovernmentorprivateemployers.Also,thefactthatwomendobetterworkforgovernmentthanforprivateemployersimpliesthatprivateemployersarediscriminatingagainstwomen.Theresultsdonotprovethatgovernmentdoesnotdiscriminateagainstwomen.Theydo,however,demonstratethatifgovernmentisdiscriminatingagainstwomen,itsdiscriminatingisnothavingasmucheffectonwomen’searningsasisdiscriminationintheprivatesector.

1.Thepassagementionsallofthefollowingasdifficultiesthatself-employedwomenmayencounterexcept（）

2.Whichofthefollowingconclusionswouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagreewithaboutdiscriminationagainstwomenbyprivateemployersandbygovernmentemployers?

3.Astudyofthepracticesoffinancialinstitutionsthatrevealednodiscriminationagainstself-employedwomenwouldtendtocontradict（）.

4.AccordingtoBrown'sstudy,women’searningcategoriesoccurinorders,fromthehighestearningstothelowestearnings.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discriminationfromconsumersandsuppliers

B.discriminationfromfinancialinstitutions

C.problemsinobtaininggoodemployees

D.problemsinobtaininggovernmentassistance

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminatewithequaleffectsonwomen’searnings.

B.Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminate,butthediscriminationbyprivateemployershasagreatereffectonwomen’searnings.

C.Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminate,butthediscriminationbygovernmentemployershasagreatereffectonwomen’searnings.

D.Privateemployersdiscriminate:itispossiblethatgovernmentemployersdiscriminate.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.sometentativeresultsofFuchs’study

B.someexplicitresultsofBrown’sstudy

C.asuggestionmadebytheauthor

D.Fuchshypothesis

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.governmentemployment,self-employment,privateemployment

B.governmentemployment,privateemployment,self-employment

C.privateemployment,self-employment,governmentemployment

D.privateemployment,governmentemployment,self-employment

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Thepassagementionsallofthefollowingasdifficultiesthatself-employedwomenmayencounterexcept______.1.文中列舉了除了______以外的女性個(gè)體經(jīng)營者可能遇到的困難。

A.discriminationfromconsumersandsuppliersA.來自消費(fèi)者和供應(yīng)商的歧視

B.discriminationfromfinancialinstitutionsB.來自金融機(jī)構(gòu)的歧視

C.problemsinobtaininggoodemployeesC.獲得優(yōu)秀員工的問題

D.problemsinobtaininggovernmentassistanceD.在獲得政府援助方面的問題

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容“……消費(fèi)者歧視個(gè)體經(jīng)營的女性。此外，自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的女性可能比男性更難找到好員工，并可能遭遇供應(yīng)商和金融機(jī)構(gòu)的歧視?！保瑥闹锌芍?，女性個(gè)體經(jīng)營者會碰到困難包括消費(fèi)者、供應(yīng)商和金融機(jī)構(gòu)的歧視，以及更難找到好員工，只有D項(xiàng)“在獲得政府援助方面的問題”沒有提到。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“來自消費(fèi)者和供應(yīng)商的歧視”、B項(xiàng)“來自金融機(jī)構(gòu)的歧視”和C項(xiàng)“獲得優(yōu)秀員工的問題”根據(jù)解題思路可知，這三項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Whichofthefollowingconclusionswouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagreewithaboutdiscriminationagainstwomenbyprivateemployersandbygovernmentemployers?2.關(guān)于私人雇主和政府雇主對女性的歧視，下列哪個(gè)結(jié)論作者最可能同意？

A.Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminatewithequaleffectsonwomen’searnings.A.私營雇主和政府雇主對女性的歧視都對婦女的收入產(chǎn)生了相同的影響。

B.Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminate,butthediscriminationbyprivateemployershasagreatereffectonwomen’searnings.B.私人雇主和政府雇主都存在歧視，但私人雇主的歧視對女性的收入影響更大。

C.Bothprivateemployersandgovernmentemployersdiscriminate,butthediscriminationbygovernmentemployershasagreatereffectonwomen’searnings.C.私人雇主和政府雇主都存在歧視，但政府雇主的歧視對女性的收入影響更大。

D.Privateemployersdiscriminate;itispossiblethatgovernmentemployersdiscriminate.D.私人雇主歧視；政府雇主也有可能歧視。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段的第三和第四句“歧視程度的不同會導(dǎo)致與雇主類型有關(guān)的收入差異。根據(jù)政府和私人雇主的性質(zhì)來看，私人雇主更有可能采取歧視?！笨芍?，政府和私人雇主都有歧視，但是私人雇主的歧視對女性的收入影響更大，所以作者更有可能同意B項(xiàng)“私人雇主和政府雇主都存在歧視，但私人雇主的歧視對女性的收入影響更大”的結(jié)論。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“私營雇主和政府雇主對女性的歧視都對女性的收入產(chǎn)生了相同的影響”根據(jù)第一段第五句“如果女性受到歧視，與女性在私營企業(yè)就業(yè)所得相比，政府就業(yè)將對女性的收入產(chǎn)生積極的影響”可知，政府雇主和私營雇主對女性的收入有不同的影響，該項(xiàng)不符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“私人雇主和政府雇主都存在歧視，但政府雇主的歧視對女性的收入影響更大”根據(jù)解題思路可知，該項(xiàng)不符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“私人雇主歧視；政府雇主也有可能歧視”，原文中提到私人雇主和政府雇主都會歧視，該項(xiàng)中的possible與原文不符合，屬于曲解原文。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Astudyofthepracticesoffinancialinstitutionsthatrevealednodiscriminationagainstself-employedwomenwouldtendtocontradict______.3.一項(xiàng)對金融機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)踐的研究表明，對女性自營者沒有歧視，這往往與______相矛盾。

A.sometentativeresultsofFuchs’studyA.?？怂沟囊恍┏醪窖芯拷Y(jié)果

B.someexplicitresultsofBrown’sstudyB.布朗研究的一些明確結(jié)果

C.asuggestionmadebytheauthorC.作者提出的建議

D.Fuchs’hypothesisD.福克斯的假設(shè)

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容“從布朗的研究結(jié)果可以推斷出……自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的女性可能比男性更難找到好員工，并可能遭遇供應(yīng)商和金融機(jī)構(gòu)的歧視”可知，布朗的研究結(jié)果表明金融機(jī)構(gòu)會歧視女性自營者，這與金融機(jī)構(gòu)關(guān)于對女性自營者沒有歧視的實(shí)踐的研究相矛盾。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“福克斯的一些初步研究結(jié)果”和D項(xiàng)“?？怂沟募僭O(shè)”沒有提到金融機(jī)構(gòu)對女性的歧視，屬于張冠李戴；

C項(xiàng)“作者提出的建議”文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.AccordingtoBrown’sstudy,women’searningcategoriesoccurinorders,fromthehighestearningstothelowestearnings,are______.4.根據(jù)布朗的研究，女性的收入按收入最高到最低的順序排列，分別是______。

A.governmentemployment,self-employment,privateemploymentA.政府雇傭，個(gè)體經(jīng)營，私營雇傭

B.governmentemployment,privateemployment,self-employmentB.政府雇傭，私營雇傭，個(gè)體經(jīng)營

C.privateemployment,self-employment,governmentemploymentC.私營雇傭，個(gè)體經(jīng)營，政府雇傭

D.privateemployment,governmentemployment,self-employmentD.私營雇傭，政府雇傭，個(gè)體經(jīng)營

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“對于男性來說，個(gè)體經(jīng)營是收入最高的行業(yè)，其次是私營雇傭，政府雇傭最低。對于女性來說，這個(gè)順序是相反的。”，從中可知，女性的收入按最高到最低的順序與男性正好相反，那么女性的收入排列是：政府雇傭，私人雇傭，個(gè)體經(jīng)營。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“政府雇傭，個(gè)體經(jīng)營，私營雇傭”、C項(xiàng)“私營雇傭，個(gè)體經(jīng)營，政府雇傭”和D項(xiàng)“私營雇傭，政府雇傭，個(gè)體經(jīng)營”，根據(jù)解題思路可知，都不正確，屬于曲解原文。

9.翻譯題

PutthefollowingintoChinese.

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay:“Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyethardlygetanybenefitorrelief.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Itisnouseofferingthemanuallaborer,tiredoutwithahardweek’ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworryabouttriflingthingsattheweekend.

【答案】要想獲得真正的快樂與安寧,一個(gè)人至少應(yīng)該有兩到三種業(yè)余愛好,而且必須是真正的愛好。到了晚年才說“我要培養(yǎng)這個(gè)或那個(gè)興趣”是無用的,這種嘗試只會増加精神上的負(fù)擔(dān)。一個(gè)人可以在自己工作之外的領(lǐng)域獲得淵博的知識,不過他可能幾乎得不到什么收益或是放松。做你喜歡的事是沒用的,你必須喜歡你所做的事?？偟膩碚f,人可以分為三種：勞累而死的人、憂慮而死的人、和煩惱而死的人。對于那些體力勞動(dòng)者來說,經(jīng)歷了一周辛苦勞作已經(jīng)使他們精疲力盡,周六下午讓他們?nèi)ヌ咦闱蚧蚴谴虬羟蚴菦]有意義的。而對那些政治家、專業(yè)人士或者商人來說,他們已經(jīng)為棘手的事情操勞或煩惱六天了,周末再讓他們?yōu)楝嵤聞谏裢瑯雍翢o意義。

10.單選題

WhileherfriendswerebusytryingtolandonajobinWallStreet,shedecidedtostayinherhumblelittletownand（）ingrowingorganiccorn.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.specialize

B.expertise

C.commercialize

D.privatize

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)specialize“專門研究；專攻”；B選項(xiàng)expertise“專門知識；專門技能”；C選項(xiàng)commercialize“使商業(yè)化；使商品化”；D選項(xiàng)privatize“使私有化；使歸私有”。句意：盡管她的朋友都忙于在華爾街找份工作，她卻決定待在她的小鎮(zhèn)上……種植有機(jī)玉米。根據(jù)句意可以知道她和她的朋友不一樣，決定了就在小鎮(zhèn)上專門從事有機(jī)玉米的種植。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Therulewillnolongerpermitustouseasevidencestatementsthathavebeenobtainedusingcruel,inhuman,ordegradinginterrogationmethods.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.punching

B.disturbing

C.questioning

D.rejecting

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.punching拳打，以拳痛擊B.disturbing打擾，干擾

C.questioning正式提問，質(zhì)詢D.rejecting拒絕接受，不予考慮

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】interrogation的意思為“審問”，這里指不能用殘忍、不人道或有辱人格的審訊方法，questioning與之詞義相近，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】該規(guī)則不再允許我們使用通過殘忍、不人道或有辱人格的審訊方法獲得的證詞作為證據(jù)。

12.單選題

Asahistorianwho'salwayssearchingforthetextortheimagethatmakesusre-evaluatethepast,I'vebecomepreoccupiedwithlookingforphotographsthatshowourVictorianancestorssmiling(whatbetterwaytoshattertheimageof19th-centuryprudery?).I’vefoundquiteafew,and–sinceIstartedpostingthemonTwitter–theyhavebeencausingquiteastir.PeoplehavebeensurprisedtoseeevidencethatVictorianshadfunandcould,anddid,laugh.TheyarenotingthattheVictorianssuddenlyseemtobecomemorehumanasthehundred-or-soyearsthatseparateusfadeawaythroughourcommonexperienceoflaughter.

Ofcourse,Ineedtoconcedethatmycollectionof"SmilingVictorians"makesuponlyatinypercentageofthevastcatalogueofphotographicportraiturecreatedbetween1840and1900,themajorityofwhichshowsittersposingmiserablyandstifflyinfrontofpaintedbackdrops,orstaringabsentlyintothemiddledistance.Howdoweexplainthistrend?

Duringthe1840sand1850s,intheearlydaysofphotography,exposuretimeswerenotoriouslylong:thedaguerreotypephotographicmethod(producinganimageonasilveredcopperplate)couldtakeseveralminutestocomplete,resultinginblurredimagesassittersshiftedpositionoradjustedtheirlimbs.Thethoughtofholdingafixedgrinasthecameraperformeditsmagicaldutieswastoomuchtocontemplate,andsoanon-committalblankstarebecamethenorm.

Butexposuretimesweremuchquickerbythe1880s,andtheintroductionoftheBoxBrownieandotherportablecamerasmeantthat,thoughslowbytoday'sdigitalstandards,theexposurewasalmostinstantaneous.Spontaneoussmileswererelativelyeasytocapturebythe1890s,sowemustlookelsewhereforanexplanationofwhyVictoriansstillhesitatedtosmile.

Oneexplanationmightbethelossofdignitydisplayedthroughacheesygrin.“Naturegaveuslipstoconcealourteeth,”ranonepopularVictoriansaying,alludingtothefactthatbeforethebirthofproperdentistry,mouthswereofteninashockingstateofhygiene.Aflashingsetofhealthyandclean,regular"pearlywhites"wasararesightinVictoriansociety,thepreserveofthesuper-rich(andeventhen,dentalhygienewasnotguaranteed).

Atoothygrin(especiallywhenthereweregapsorblackenedteeth)lackedclass:drunks,tramps,andmusichallperformersmightgurnandgrinwithasmileaswideasLewisCarroll'sgum-exposingCheshireCat,butitwasnotabecominglookforproperlybredpersons.EvenMarkTwain,amanwhoenjoyedaheartylaugh,saidthatwhenitcametophotographicportraitstherecouldbe“nothingmoredamningthanasilly,foolishsmilefixedforever”.

1.Accordingtoparagraph1,theauthor'spostsonTwitter（

）.

2.WhatdoesauthorsayabouttheVictorianportraitshehascollected?

3.WhatmighthavekepttheVictoriansfromsmilingforpicturesinthe1890s?

4.MarkTwainisquotedtoshowthatthedisapprovalofsmilesinpictureswas（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingquestionsdoesthetextanswer?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.changedpeople'simpressionoftheVictorians

B.highlightedsocialmedia'sroleinVictorianstudies

C.re-evaluatedtheVictoriansnotionofpublicimage

D.illustratedthedevelopmentofVictorianphotography

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareinpopularuseamonghistorians.

B.Theyarerareamongphotographsofthatage.

C.Theymirror19th-centurysocialconventions.

D.Theyshoweffectsofdifferentexposuretimes.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theirinherentsocialsensitiveness.

B.Theirtensionbeforethecamera.

C.Theirdistrustofnewinventions.

D.Theirunhealthydentalcondition.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.adeep-rootbelief

B.amisguidedattitude

C.acontroversialview

D.athought-provokingidea

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.WhydidmostVictorianslooksterninphotographs.

B.WhydidtheVictoriansstarttoviewphotographs.

C.WhatmadephotographydevelopslowlyintheVictorianperiod.

D.Howdidsmilinginphotographsbecomeapost-Victoriannorm.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

13.單選題

Pleaseputyouremptycigarettepacketsandpaperbagsinthe______binsprovided.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.junk

B.litter

C.scrap

D.deposit

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。junk“廢物”；litter“垃圾”；scrap“殘余物”；deposit“沉淀物”。Litterbin指“垃圾箱”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Hisparentsgavehimmanyexpensivetoysassomeformof（

）forhislamenessandinabilitytoplayactivegames.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.remedy

B.compensation

C.treatment

D.comfort

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)remedy“補(bǔ)救”；B選項(xiàng)compensation“補(bǔ)償，報(bào)酬”；C選項(xiàng)treatment“治療，處理”；D選項(xiàng)comfort“安慰，舒適”。句意：他的父母給了他許多昂貴的玩具，作為他跛腳而不能玩活動(dòng)類游戲的某種補(bǔ)償。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

15.單選題

HistorianshavelongknownthatthereweretwosidestothePopulistmovementofthe1890s:aprogressiveside,embodyingtheprotestsofformersagainstbigbusiness,andadarkerside,markedbyadistrustofEasterners,immigrants,andintellectuals.Inthe1950s,oneschoolofU.S.socialthinkersconstructedaparallelbetweenthisdarksideofPopulismandthecontemporaryanti-CommunistcrusadespearheadedbyWisconsinSenatorJosephMcCarthy,whichattackedliberalism,Easternintellectuals,andcivillibertiesingeneral.ToSeymourMartinLipset,McCarthyismrepresented“thesourdregsofPopulism”;toEdwardShils,McCarthyism,likePopulism,exemplified“theambiguousAmericanimpulsetoward4directdemocracy.

NothingthatMcCarthyismandPopulismhadbothfoundtheirstrongestsupportintheagrarianMidwest,

LipsetarguedthatvoterswhobackedagrarianprotestmovementsduringearliereconomiccriseshadsupportedMcCarthyinthepost-WorldIIperiodofprosperity.IntheeyesofwriterslikeLipset,theappealofMcCarthyismextendedbeyondtheagrarianbaseofPopulismtoincludeurbangroupssuchasindustrialworkers.Lipsetclaimedthat“thelowerclasses,especiallytheworkers”hadbackedMcCarthy.Inamoresweepingfashion,LewisFeuerclaimedthat“itwastheAmericanlowerclass...whogavetheiroverwhelmingsupporttotheattacksinrecentyearsincivilliberties.”

Writingafewyearslater,politicalscientistMichaelPaulRoginchallengedthesesuperficiallyplausiblenotions,contendingthattheymerelyembodiedthewriters,ownassumptionsaboutthesupposedintoleranceoflowerclassgroups,ratherthanavalidinterpretationofMcCarthyism.Rogincriticallyexaminedtheirassertionsbythesimplemethodoftestingthemagainsttheevidence.HetestedLipset’sclaimsaboutthecontinuityofMcCarthyismandearlieragrarianprotestmovementsbybreakingdownstatewidevotingstatisticsonacounty-by-countybasis.HefoundthatWisconsincountiesthathadvotedstronglyforProgressivesbeforeWorldWarIIdidnotsupportMcCarthy;McCarthy’ssupportwasconcentratedinhishomeregionandinethnicGermanareasthathadbeentraditionallyconservative.TheoldProgressivevotehadinfactgonetoMcCarthy’sopponents,theDemocrats.

TotestLipset’sgeneralizationsaboutMcCarthy’ssupportamongclassgroups,Roginattemptedtodeterminewhetherindustrialworkershad,infact,backedMcCarthy.Correlatingincomeandemploymentstatisticswithvotingrecords,RoginfoundthatthegreatertheemploymentinindustryinagivenWisconsincounty,thelowerwasMcCarthy’sshareofthevote.Roginconcludedthatthethesisof“McCarthyismasPopulism”shouldbejudged“notastheproductofsciencebutasa...ventureintoconservativepoliticaltheory.’’

1.TheauthorwouldprobablyassertthePopulismandMcCarthyism（

）.

2.ItcanbeinferredthatRogin’smostseriouscriticismofLipset,Feuer,andShils’smethodologywouldprobablybethatthey（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,RoginconcludedthatthewritingsofLipset,ShilsandFeuer（）.

4.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.werecompletelyoppositeincharacter

B.wereresponsesto,respectively,agrarianandindustrialconditions

C.wereessentiallydissimilarmovementsthatsharedsomecommonfeatures

D.eachhadbothaprogressiveandadarkerside

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.reachedincorrectconclusionsaboutMcCarthy

B.failedtoexaminetheevidencethatcouldsupportorweakentheirconclusions

C.equatedsupportforMcCarthyismwithanti-intellectualism

D.placedtoomuchemphasisonthedualcharacterofPopulism

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.intentionallydistortedhistoricalevidence

B.wereflawedbypoliticalpresuppositions

C.lentsupporttoattackoncivilliberties

D.weremarkedbyanti-intellectualbias

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.discoveriesdescribinganinstanceofflawedhistoricalanalysis

B.advocatingtheuseofstatisticalmethodsinhistoricalresearch

C.examiningthesimilaritiesbetweentwopoliticalmovements

D.explainingwhyhistoricalconclusionsshouldberevisedaccordingtolaterrevelations

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的內(nèi)容，二十世紀(jì)五十年代，美國社會思想家將民粹主義的陰暗面和反共產(chǎn)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行相提并論和比較，說明是有共同之處的，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，羅金對李普塞特、福伊爾和希爾斯的方法論進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證，最嚴(yán)厲的批評是，二者都沒有對自己的觀點(diǎn)給出證據(jù)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，羅金的總結(jié)是，麥卡錫主義不應(yīng)該被判定為科學(xué)的產(chǎn)物，而是一種保守政治理論。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.主旨題。作者首先提出了麥卡錫主義和民粹主義理論，接著提出羅金對他們方法論做出了驗(yàn)證，最后表明將麥卡錫主義比作民粹主義的理論不應(yīng)被判定為科學(xué)的產(chǎn)物，而是一種政治領(lǐng)域的探索。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

16.單選題

I’veheardthesaying,“Thebestgiftparentscanevergivetotheirchildrenistoloveeachother.”

I’vehadthepleasureofwitnessingthetruthofthisstatementforover40years.FromasfarbackasIcanremembermyMomandDadwereateam,agreatpartnership.Theyweremorethanjustapartnership.Itwasasiftheywereoneperson.

Sure,theyargued,buttherewasneveranydoubtinourmindsthatanydisagreementswouldbeworkedthroughandresolved.MomandDadbegantheirmarriedlifepoor,buttheyworkedhardand,overtheyears,builtaverysuccessfulbusiness.Theyeachhadtheirstrengthsandweaknesses,butthewaytheyworkedtogether,yo