小升初英語集訓教程

四、形容詞、副詞形容詞.形容詞修飾名詞，說明事物或人的性質或特征，在句中可作定語、表語、狀語等成分。如：Thisisadifficultproblemtosolve.（作定語）Theweatherhereisverypleasant.（作表語）Sheisverypolite.（作表語）.形容詞的位置1）作定語一般位于名詞前。如：Ihaveabusyday.我忙了一天。Chinahasapeacefulenvironment.2）形容詞在修飾someone,somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,nobody,nothing等不定代詞時，需要置于其后。如：Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.3）多個形容詞修飾名詞時的排列順序限定詞（包括冠詞、人稱代詞、指示代詞等）+大小+形狀+性質或狀態(tài)+顏色+年齡或新舊+材料或種類+來源+名詞如：ThereareafewbigroundblacknewwoodenFrenchtablesintheroom.4）某些形容詞加上定冠詞可以泛指一類人，與謂語動詞的復數連接，如：thedead,theliving,therich,thepoor,theblind,thehungry等。如:Thepoorarelosinghope.窮人行將失去希望。二、副詞.副詞一般可分為以下幾類：時間副詞如：now,usually,often,always,sometimes等。地點副詞如：here,there,out,everywhere等。方式副詞如：hard,well,fast,slowly等。程度副詞如：very,much,still,almost等。疑問副詞如：how,when,why,where等。連接副詞如：whether,why,when,how等。.形容詞化副詞：.大多數副詞是用形容詞加后綴一ly構成的。Eg:quicklyslowlybravely.以-y結尾的形容詞，現將y改成i,再加Ty。Eg:happy happilyangry angrily.有些副詞沒有特殊詞尾。Eg:late,often,here,quite,never,very4）?有些副詞與形容詞形式相同。 Eg:late,early,high,long,fast5）.只有可以分成比較級的副詞才能有比較級和最高級形式。Eg:fast,easily等。像only,really,here,there則不可能有比較級，因為它們是不可分級的3.副詞的位置1)、頻度副詞，如always,often,sometimes,usually等通常放在動詞之前。但在句子里如果有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞，則要放在它們之后。如果有系動詞be,則要放在其后。Heusuallyhaslunchinthefactory.他通常在工廠吃午飯。Theboyisoftenlateforclass.那個孩子上課經常遲到。2)、enough作形容詞修飾名詞時，一般放前；修飾形容詞或副詞時，應放詞之后。Ihaveenoughmoneytobuythebook.我有足夠的錢買下這本書。He,stallenoughtogetthebookdown.他足夠高，可以把書取下來。3)、”及物動詞+副詞”組成的動詞詞組有名詞作賓語時，該名詞放在副詞前或后均可，如是代詞作賓語，則要必須將該詞放在副詞前。CanItryontheshoes,please?我可以試穿這鞋嗎？Don,tcutitdown!別把它砍倒！4)、程度副詞一般放在被修飾的形容詞或副詞前面，放在情態(tài)動詞和助動詞之后。I'mverysadtohearthat.聽到這個消息我很難過。形容詞、副詞等級變化1)英語中大多數形容詞、副詞是可以分等級的，一般有三個等級：原級，比較級和最高級。2).形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化1.規(guī)則變化(1)單音節(jié)詞和少數雙音節(jié)詞的比較級和最高級的構成。見下表:情況構成方式原級比較級最高級一般單音節(jié)詞加-er或-estnewlongnewerlongernewestlongest以不發(fā)音的e結尾的單音節(jié)詞加-r或-stfinelatefinerlaterfinestlatest以“輔音+y”結尾的雙音節(jié)詞變y為i再加-er或-estearlyhappyeatlierhappierearliesthappiest以一個輔音字母結尾的閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞先雙寫輔音字母，再加-er或-esthotthinfathotterthinnerfatterhottestthinnest.fattest(2)多音節(jié)和大部分雙音節(jié)詞，可以在原級前加構成比較級和最高級。原級比較級最高級interestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingpopularmorepopularmostinterestingimportantmoreimportantmostimportantbeautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautiful2、不規(guī)則變化有兒個形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級屬于不規(guī)則變化。見下表:原級比較級最iWj級good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstlittlelessleastmany/muchmoremostfarfarther,furtherfarthest,furthestoldolder,elderoldest,eldest注意：far—further—furthest（表示程度） far—farther—farthest（表示遠近）old—older—oldest（表新舊）old—elder—eldest（表兄弟姊妹之間的長幼）3）.比較級前的修飾詞：alittle,alot,much,even;far;still形容詞和副詞比較等級的用法（-）原級的用法兩者比較，表示雙方程度相同或不同時用原級。相同時用肯定式“as+原級+as”句型表示，不同時用否定式“notas+原級+as”句型表示。LessonFiveisasdifficultasLessonFour. 第五課和第四課同樣難。LilyisnotascarefulasLinda.莉莉不如琳達細心。Icandrawaswellashe.我能畫得和他一樣好。Abirddoesn'tflyasfastasaplane.鳥不能飛得像飛機那樣快。（二）比較級的用法將兩方人或事物進行比較，表示一方超過另一方時，用“比較級+than+…”這一結構。Twoheadsarebetterthanone.兩人智慧勝一人。Ourclassroomisbiggerthantheirs.我們的教室比他們的大。（三）最高級的用法表示三者或三者以上的比較，要用最高級。形容詞最高級的前面一般要加定冠詞the,副詞最高級前通常省略定冠詞the,并且在句尾常帶of,in或among等構成的短語來說明比較的范圍。Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.春天是一年中最好的季節(jié)。Thiscoatisthelongestofthethree.這件外套是三件中最長的。Sheistheyoungestintheclass,她是班里年紀最小的。Herunsfastestamongthesixboys.他是6個男孩中跑得最快的。Mothergetsupearliestinmyfamilyeverymorning.每天早上我們家中媽媽起得最早。比較等級的其他用法1、有形容詞比較級前有時可以用much,even,still,alittle,twoyears等表示程度的狀語來修飾。Heisfiveyearsolderthanhiswife.他比他的妻子大5歲。2、有很多情況下，說話雙方都很清楚地知道所比較的對象，因此，than的結構常被省略。Areyoufeelingbetternow?你現在感覺好些了嗎？3、原級常用來表示倍數，“比……多/大幾倍”。Thereddresscostsnearlytwiceasmuchasthegreenone.那條紅裙子比那條綠裙子貴近一倍。4、“themore+形容詞或副詞一，themore+形容詞或副詞…”這一結構譯為“越是 就越……”，表示兩個過程按比例同時增減。Thefaster,thebetter.越快越好。Thebusiershewas,thehappiershefelt,她越忙就越高興。5、形容詞比較級要避免與自身進行比較。要用“比較級+thananyother+單數名詞”來表示“比其他的任何……都……”。ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.中國比亞洲任何別的國家都大。6、形容詞最高級有時放在oneof之后，構成“oneof+the+形容詞最高級+復數名詞”的形式。WuhanisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.武漢是中國最大的城市之一。7、形容詞最高級前面如果有序數詞修飾，序數詞應放在定冠詞之后。IsShanghaithesecondlargestcityinChina?上海是中國的第二大城市嗎？練習一）、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級oldyoungtalllongshortstrongbigsmallfatthinheavylightnicegoodbeautifullowhighslowfastlateearlyfarwell二）、根據句意填入單詞的正確形式：1、LiLeiisthestudentinourclass.(tall)2、LucyisthanKate,(fat)3、Whorunstheintheclass?(fast)4、Katedrawsinourclass,(well)5、Mybrotherismuchthanyou.(young)6、Ithinkmycarisasasyours,(nice)7、Thisboxistheofthethree,(heavy)8、LessonOneismuchthanLessonTwo.(easy)9、Ifeelmuch _today.(ill)10>Ithinkmathsisthesubjectofall.(difficult)11、Winteristheseasonoftheyear,(cold)12、Myradioisnotsoashis.(good)13、Iamtootiredtogoany.(far)14、Whoworks ,JackorJohn?(carefully)15、Thisstreetis thanthatone.(narrow)16、Whois ,youorI?(busy)17、Whoisthe 18>Kateisoneof_nurseinthishospital?(busy)the girls,(clever)19>Thereiswaterinthisbottlethaninthatone.(little)20、Whohastheapples,LiLei,JimorBruce?(many)三)、翻譯句子：1、誰比Jim年紀大？是你。isthanJim? are.2、誰比David更強壯？是GaoShan.thanDavid?GaoShan .3、誰的鉛筆更長，他的還是她的？我想是她的。pencilis or?is,Ithink.4、誰的蘋果更重，你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的？ 我的弟弟的。apples,youroryour?My.5、你和你的叔叔一樣高嗎？是的。asasyouruncle?Yes,Iam.6,他和他的朋友Jim一樣年輕。HeasasJim.7、她和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣胖嗎？不，她比他瘦。asastwin?No,thanhim..YangLing每天睡得比SuYang晚。YangLingto thanSuYangeveryday..我跳得和Mike一樣遠。IasasMike..Tom比你跑得快嗎？不是的，他和我跑得一樣快。Tom thanyou?No,he Heasas..多做運動，你會更強壯。moreexercise,you'11 soon..我的科學很好，但是語文不好。IatScience.ButIdon，twellinChinese..你放風箏比王兵放得高嗎？不，我比他放得低。youthekitethanWangbing?No,Iitthan ..我喜歡游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。

Ilike.Allmy thanme..我的姐姐起得比我早。My upthanme..女孩比男孩唱得好嗎？是的。thegirls theboys?Yes,they..她不擅長體育。但我跳得沒有她高。Shedoesn，t inPE.ButIdon，t than.你足球踢得比你的同班同學好嗎？不，他們踢得和我一樣好。you football thanyourclassmates?No,theyasasme..我母親比我父親年紀小。My thanmy .20.她的毛衣和我的?樣重。sweater as as .21.我的連衣裙太短了。我想買一條大點的。Mydresstoo.Iwanttoaone.四）、單項選擇題：1、Theroadisnot forthreetruckstorunsidebyside.A.wideenough B.sowideC.toowide D.enoughwide2、Whois ofyouthree?A.theoldest B.mucholderC.oldest D.older3、Theseappleslook .A.nice B.well C.sweetly D.nicely4、Canwedoourworkwith moneyand people?A.less,fewer B.lesser,fewC.few,less D.little,less5、Mondayismy day.A.thebusiest B.busy C.busier D.busiest6、Ourclassroomis brighterthantheirs.A.more B.quite C.very D.much7、Igotup today.A.later B.morelatelyC.lately D.late8、Jimdoesn,trunas asLiMing.A.fast B.faster C.fastestD.morefast9、“Howareyourgrandfatherandgrandmother?n“Theyarevery ,thankyou.”A.well B.good C.kind D.dear10>Hisradioistoonoisy.Askhim ,please.A.toturnitdownB.turnitdownC.toturndownitD.turndownit11、Theboyisnottogotoschool.A.enougholdB.oldenoughC.youngerenoughD.enoughyounger12>Winteriscoming.Theweatherwillget.A.warmerandwarmerB.coldandcoldC.coolandcoolD.colderandcolder四.數詞數詞包括基數詞和序數詞兩大類。一、基數詞1.1—12的基數詞是獨立的單詞。即：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelveo2.13—19的基數詞以-teen結尾。如：fourteen,seventeen等，但13,15,18較特殊，13-thirteen 15-fifteen 18- eighteen20—90的整十位均以-ty結尾。如：sixty,seventy,但20,30,40,50,80,較特殊，20一twenty30-thirty 40-forty50-fifty80—eighty90-ninety十位數與個位數之間要加連字符號“-”。如：28—twenty-eight,96-ninety-six百位和十位（若無十位則和個位）之間加and,如：148—onehundredandforty-eight406—fourhundredandsixohundred（百），thousand（千），million （百萬），billion（十億）等前面即使有具體的數詞，也不能在它們的后面加s。如：600一sixhundred,8百萬一eightmillion。1000以上的數字，從后往前數每三位加一個逗號第一個逗號前為千（thousand）,第二個逗號前為百萬（million）,第三個逗號前為billion（十億）。英語中無“萬”這個詞，我們可以用“幾十個千（thousand）”表示幾萬，“幾百個千（thousand）”表示“幾十萬”。如：2,510=twothousandfivehundredandten；84,296=eight-fourthousandtwohundredandninety-six；274,350=88,065,909= ohundred,thousand,million用復數形式修飾名詞時要用“of+復數名詞”。如：數以百計的年輕人hundredsofyoungpeople；數以千計的書thousandsofbookso注意：hundredsof/thousandsof/millionsof+復數名詞，其前面不能加具體的數詞，但可加several或many?；鶖翟~+單數名詞+形容詞構成合成形容詞。如：一個五歲的男孩afive-year-oldboy；一座800米長的橋 ；二、序數詞.基數詞變序數詞可利用口訣巧記：“一、二、三，特殊記，八去氣”，九去“e”，“ve”要用“f”替，見“y”變成“i”和%用詞尾加上“th”,若是遇到幾十幾，只變個位就

可以。”第一、第二、第三分別：firth,second,third,eight-eighthnine一ninth,five—fifth,twelve——twelfth,twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,twenty-five一twenty一一fifth o.其余情況均在基數詞后加th。six—sixth,nineteen—nineteenth,hundred一hundredth,thousand—thousandth等。三、數詞的應用1.鐘點的表示：小時、點鐘、分鐘、秒鐘要用基數詞。①'幾點鐘”用基數詞加o'clock。。'clock可省略。如:現在是5點鐘—It'sfive(o,clock).②”幾點過幾分，＜30分鐘”用介詞past。如：7：05—fivepastseven；7：15-fifteen(aquarter)pastseven；7：30-halfpastseven。③“差幾分幾點”用介詞“to”。注意：整點加“1”且用60減去目前的分鐘數。如：7：40-twentytoeight；7：45-fifteen(aquarter)toeighto④日常生活中的時間讀法常常簡化，直接按基數詞的順序讀。如：7：05-sevenofive；7：15-sevenfifteen02.編號的表示：①LessonOne=thefirstlesson第一?課；②BusNo.3=theNo.3bus3路公共汽車；③表示住所時不用"No.”如：302房間一Room302(讀作：roomthreeotwo)；④如果編號的數詞比較長，一般用基數詞。如：Page457第457頁；⑤電話號碼，用基數詞，可單個讀，重復的數字也可讀“double”,如：3855633—threeeightfivefive(doublefive)sixthreethree(doublethree)o.年月日的表示：①年份用基數詞，先讀前一位或兩位，再讀后兩位。$n：1999—nineteenninety-nine；1900一nineteenhundred；2000一twothousand；1905一nineteenofive；②年用基數詞，日用序數詞。如：1998年6月8日寫作：June8,1998；讀作：Junetheeighth,nineteenninety-eight或theeighthofJune,nineteenninety-eight。.分數的表達：①分子用基數詞，分母用序數詞，分子大于“1”，分母則加“s”。如：1/3onethird,2/3twothirds；(2)1/2a(one)half,1/4或a,3/4.倍數的表達：一倍用once,兩倍用,兩倍以上用基數詞+times。如：5倍。四、特殊用法.數詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數。如：Twomonthsisquitealongtime.Fourandtwoissix.What'stwoandthree?.一個半小時(一1年半，一■個半月可類推)one/anhourandahalfo五、數詞和冠詞-Arethedrinksordifferent?-They()1. aredifferent.A.sameB.thesameC.some

A.sameB.thesameC.someSueHai'sfatherisengineer,hermotherisdoctor.A.a;theB.an;a C.a;/D.a;aTherearedaysinaweek.Todayisthedayoftheweek.a;ana;aC.an;aa;ana;aC.an;a()4.seventh: seven:seventh;C.sevenD.seven;seventhA.seventhWhat?stheB.i sevennextnumber?30240,3360,420,60,.?A.10B.30c.25D.40()5.LucyandLilyarein .theA.rowssame .B.differentrowC.samerowD.differentrows()6.Youhaveabook,Ihave too.A.aB.itc.oneD.its()7.That's _orangebus.A.theB.ac./D.an()8.There's__"h”intheword"1aave99.A.theB.ac.anD./()9.Thisisstamp.It'iAmericanstamp.A.a;theB.the;anc.an;aD.a;an()10.Billis__boy.Heis__Englishboy.A.a;theB.a;anC.the;anD.an;an()11.Icansee_ theduck.A./B.twoC.threeD.a()12.Heisman.Heisoldman.

五.代詞有兩種：人稱代詞和物主代詞。1、人稱代詞分為：第一、第二、第三人稱，且有單復數之分。2、人稱代詞的主格在句中做主語，一般用在動詞前（疑問句除外）：賓格在句中做賓語,多用于動詞、介詞后。3、形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的作用，后面一定要跟名詞，表示該名詞是屬于誰的。4、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。如：Thisismybag.=Thisismine.Thatisherruler.=Thatishers.一般看后面有沒有名詞，如有，就用形容詞性物主代詞；如無，就用名詞性物主代詞。請牢記下表：人稱代詞物主代詞單數復數單數復數主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性第一人稱1meweUSmymineourours第二人稱youyouyouyouyouryoursyouryours第三人稱hehimtheythemhishistheirtheirssheherherhersitititsits練一練：1、按要求寫出相應人稱代詞。1（賓格）she（形容詞性物主代詞）we（名詞性物主代詞）he（復數）us（單數）theirs（主格）its（賓格）2、想一想，把下表補充完整。IitwemeyouthemmyHisyourminehers3、用所給詞的適當形式填空。1)Thatisnotkite.Thatkiteisverysmall,butisverybig.(I)Thedressis.Giveitto.(she)Isthiswatch?(you)No,it'snot.(I)isJack.Look!Thosestampsare.(he)dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare?(you)Showyourkite,OK?(they)IisMimi.

Thesecakesare.(it)8)Arethese tickets?No, arenot .—aren,there.(they)4、(Shall havealookatthatclassroom?Thatis classroom.(we)_ismyaunt.Doyouknow job? anurse.(she)Whereare ?Ican'tfind .Let'scall parents.(they)Don,ttouch ? notacat, atiger!(it) sisterisill.Pleasegoandget Thegirlbehind isourfriend.(she)代詞部分)1.Itisan day,weareallvery (she)(A.)2.excited, B.exciting, C.exciting,exciting exciting excitedThesebooksare ?Herearein schoolbag.A.my;her B.mine;herC.mine;sheD.my;hers(()3.A.)4.A.Pass somewater,please.we B.us C. ourTheserulersarefor .youand us B.meandsheC. Iand theyD.ID.hisandher(()5.A.)6.A.-Ithinkit's classroom.we B.us C.our Isthere milkinthefridge?—Yes,thereis .any,someB.a,one C.some,anyD.oursD.a,any()7.—GiveTomandAnnsomeapples.Give somebananas,too.((A.)8.A.)9.them B.they C.theirThesecoatslooklike .ours B.our C.usIcan,tsee bananas orangesD.theirsD.weonthetable.A.some,andB.any,or C.any,andD.some,with)10.—Isthispostcard? Yes.It's,It'sfromfriend.A.yours,I,my B.your,mine,myC.yours,mine,my D.yours,my,my)11.areallgoodstudentsinschool.

A.You,IandsheC.You,sheandIB.D.I,sheandyouShe,youandI(()12.Oneof English.A.weare B.weis C.)13. areYoungPioneers.usareD.usis(A.Theyall B.)14.—WhosedressAllthemisthis?c.AlltheyD.Allofthem(A.It'sherB.)15. LetIt'smygoandgivec.thisIt'sminebookto .(A.me;his B.)16. Doyouhaveme;him C.mine;himaredpencil? Yes,Ihave(A.some B.any)17.Thetwogirlsaretwins.C.nonamesareLucyandLily.(A.They B.)18.LookatMike'sThey'retrousers.c.Theirnice.D.Theirs((A.It's B.)19.ThisisLiLei.A.me B.)20.WouldyoulikeThey'reHeis oneofmeat?C.Thereare_myfriends.C.heD.D.Thereis/(A.some B.)21.Sheissinging.anySheistooc.a(A.quiet B.)22.Mydeskishereloud, isc.yourquickdesk?(A.Where B.)23.TheskirtsareThatfor .c.What(A.youandmeB.)24.PutthiswatchyouandIonthedeskC.meandyouandputthatonthefloor.A.it B.one C.ones六.介詞.不能單獨作句子成分，它只有跟它后面的賓語一起構成介詞短語，才能在句子中起作用。有：in,on,under,with,behind,about,near,before,after,for,to,up,down,from,infrontof,outof,from…to???，atthebackof…2、表示時間的介詞有：at,on,ino(Dat表示“在某一個具體的時間點上”，或用在固定詞組中。如：atteno'clock,at9:30a.m.,atnight,attheweekend'--2)on表示“在某日或某日的時間段”。如：onFriday,onthefirstofOctober,onMondaymorning***(3)in表示“在某一段時間(月份、季節(jié))里"。如:intheafternoon,inSeptember,insummer,in2005…3、in一詞還有其他的固定搭配，如：inblue(穿著藍色的衣服)，inEnglish(用英語表達)，takepartin(參加)。練一練：一、選用括號內恰當的介詞填空。What'sthis( at, on, in )English?Christmasis( at, on, in )the25thofDecember.Theman(with,on,in)blackisSuHai'sfather.Hedoesn,tdo well( at, on,in)PE.Lookatthose birds( on, in)thetree.Wearegoingtomeet(at,on,in)thebusstop(at,on,in)halfpastten.Isthereacat(under,behind,in)thedoor?Helen'swritingpaperis(in,infrontof)hercomputer.Welive(at,on,in)anewhousenow.Doesitoftenrain(at,on,in)springthere?二、圈出下列句子中運用不恰當的介詞，并將正確的答案寫在橫線上。JimisgoodinEnglishandMaths.Thefilmswereinthegroundjustnow.Theyaretalkingtotheirplans.HowmanystudentshavetheirbirthdaysonMay?Women*sDayisatthethirdofMarch.Icanjogtoschoolonthemorning.Didyouwatertreesatthefarm?CanyoucomeandhelpmeonmyEnglish?IusuallytakephotosinSundaymorning.WhatdidyoudoontheSpringFestival?三.選擇。1.Thankyoui yourcoming.A.toB.ofC.byD.for2.Hespentalongtime_ themathsproblem.A.inB.onC.forD.at3.MrLiisgoingtohelphimhisChinesethisafternoon.A.withB.onC.byD.at4.Howmuchdidyoupay_ thisbook?A.forB.atC.onD.with5.Pleasetranslatethesentence _English.A.intoB.toC.atD.for6.MrLi,shallIwriteink?A.byB.ofC.in D.with7.Canyoufindouttheanswer thesequestions?A.ofB.forC.to D.with8._hishelp,IpassedtheEnglishtestyesterday.A.UnderB.OfC.With D.by9.Don'tforgettobringyourtextbook you.A.inBafterC.with D.to.Thepeoplearewaiting thebus,andtheyatestanding line.A.for/on B.for/in C.at/on D.at/in.CanyousingthissongEnglish?A.with B.in C.by D.for.Whoistheboybluetrousers?A.in B.on C.with D.at.Hedecidedtogetsomemedicinehiscold.A.to B.of C.on D.for.TheplanearrivedatLondonairportWednesday.A.on B.at C.in D.for.WhatdoyouusuallydoChristmas?A.on B.at C.in D.for.MrsBrownwordedinthewestofAustralialastsummer?A./ B.onC.in D.since.Thefirstclassbegins8o'clockthemorning.A.at/onB.at/in C.on/in D.on/on.thepasttwomonthshehasbeenbusywithhisschoolwork.A.ForB.OnC.SinceD.AtastSaturday,wehadhadtwofootballmatcheswithClassTwo.A.ForB./ C.By D.DuringWewillbeinNanjingTuesdayThursday.A.on/through B.on/toC.from/toD.on./tillMrBlackwillvisitournewschoolbuildingtwodays.A.beforeB.afterC.atD.in22.Ihadanewcard,andIdidn'twriteA.onit.ThereisA.under.HesaidB.itabridgeB.overthathewouldC.inittheriver.C.onmeetus theD.aboveitD.next1cinema.A.in25.ThereisB.atabookstoreC.ontheD.streetincorner.

A.atB.inC.onD.byA.atB.inC.onD.by七.動詞一.動詞種類be動詞、2.情態(tài)動詞、3.助動詞、4.行為動詞1、be動詞(am,is,are,was,were)1)am—was,is-was,are-were我用am,你用are,is用在他她它，所有復數全用are。2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.一般疑問句AmIaChinese?Yes,youare.No,youaren,t.AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren,t.Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn,t.be動詞的否定形式：amnot(沒有縮寫形式)，arenot=aren,t,isnot=isn,to用恰當的be動詞填空。一.用be動詞的適當形式填空。Iaboy.youaboy?No,Inot.ThegirlJack，ssister.Thedogtallandfat.Themanwithbigeyesateacher.yourbrotherintheclassroom?Howyourfather?MikeandLiuTaoatschool.Whosedressthis?Whosesocksthey?WhoI?Thejeansonthedesk.Hereascarfforyou.Heresomesweatersforyou.TheblackglovesforSuYang.ThispairofglovesforYangLing.Thetwocupsofmilkforme.Someteaintheglass.Gaoshan，sshirtoverthere.Mysister，snameNancy.DavidandHelenfromEngland?Thereagirlintheroom.Theresomeapplesonthetree.thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?Theresomebreadontheplate.You,heandIfromChina.Thereaboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.2、情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞有：can>must、should>would>may>could>shallo注意：情態(tài)動詞后動詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響)其否定形式：cannot=can't,mustnot=mustn,t,…注意：maynot和shallnot(無縮寫形式)練一練：選擇填空。( )1)Thesignonthewallmeansyoustayawayfromthebuilding.A.must B.can,t C.shouldn，t( )2)Howmanybooksyouseeonthedesk?A.mayB.canC.Should( )3)Itmeansyoumakenoiseinthelibrary.A.shouldB..shouldn，tC.Can( )4)—youlikeaglassofmilk?—Yes,please.A.MayB.CouldC.Would( )5)—youseethesignoverthere?—Sorry,Ican,t.A.CanB.Can,tC.Should( )6)wegototheparkbybus?A.MayB.MustC.Shall3、助動詞(do,does,did)do,does用于一般現在時，其過去式did用于一般過去時。它們通常用在疑問句和否定句中。它們的否定形式：donot=don,t,doesnot=doesn,t,didnot=didn,to注意：在一般現在時中，does用于第三人稱單數，其余一律用助動詞do；助動詞do,does,did后面一定要用動詞原形。練一練：1、用適當的助動詞填空。youlikethismagazine?Thegirllikebreadforbreakfast.Whatsheattheweekends? Sheusuallyplaysgameswithherfriends.WhatyoudolastSunday? 1wrotetomyfriend.DidyouseeaBeijingopera? No,I.HenotvisitafarmlastNationalDayholiday.Theynotlikeplayingvolleyball. JimhaveapicnicwithhisfamilyeverySaturday? Yes,heHelenandYangLinggotoschoolonfooteveryday?Howmanykiteswehave? Wehaveten.2、找出下列句子中的錯誤，將序號填入題前括號內，并改正。( )1)DidyouhadabiglunchwithyourfamilylastSpringFestival?AB C( )2) Whatdotheboyhaveinhispencil-box? Hehasarubber.A B C( )3)Theydoesn'tlikethefilm.ABC( )4)DoJimgetupatsixeveryday?ABC( )5)Don,tgivingtheballtoLiuTao.A BC4、行為動詞行為動詞的四種形式：原形、第三人稱單數+s/es、現在分詞(也叫動名詞)+ing、過去式+ed。(1)動詞第三人稱單數變化規(guī)則：A、■—般直接加"s",如:play-plays,visit-visits,speak-speaks；B、以"s","x"，"sh"，"ch"結尾時，加“es”，如:catch-catches,watch-watches；C、以“輔音字母+y”結尾時，變“y”為“i”再加“es"，如：carry-carries,study-studies。(2)現在分詞(動名詞)構成規(guī)則：A、■—般直接加"ing”,如：go-going,do-doing,look-looking；B、以不發(fā)音的“e”結尾的單詞，去"e"加"ing”,如：take-taking,make-making,have-having；C、以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的詞，如末尾只有一個輔音字母，需要雙寫這個字母再加“ing”，如：put-putting,stop-stopping,run-running,get-getting,swim-swimming,sit-sitting,begin-beginning,jog-jogging,forget-forgetting。(3)過去式構成規(guī)則：A,■—般直接加"ed”,如：plant-planted,visit-visited,pick-picked；B、以不發(fā)音字母"e”結尾，直接加"ed",如:like-liked,hope-hoped,taste-tasted；C、以“輔音字母+y”結尾時，變“y”為“i”再加“ed"，如：try-tried,carry-carried,D、有些動詞要雙寫最后一個字母，再加"ed",如：stop-stopped；E、還有很多動詞的過去式是不規(guī)則的，請記憶：am(be)-was-being；are(be)-were-being；be-was,were-beingbecome-became-becoming；begin-began-beginning；bend-bent-bending；blow-blew-blowing；buy-bought-buying；can-could ；catch-caught-catchingchoose-chose-choosing；come-came-coming；cut-cut-cutting；do,does-did-doing；draw-drew-drawing；drink-drank-drinking；eat-ate-eating；feel-felt-feeling；find-found-finding；fly-flew-flying；forget-forgot-forgetting；get-got-getting；give-gave-giving；go-went-going；grow-grew-growing；have,has-had-having；hear-heard-hearing；hurt-hurt-hurtingkeep-kept-keeping；know-knew-knowing；learn-learned,learnt-learning；let-let-letting；lie-lay-lying；make-made-making；may-might ；mean-meant-meaning；meet-met-meeting；must-must ；put-put-putting；read-read-readingride-rode-ridingring-rang-ringing；run-ran-running；say-said-saying；see-saw-seeing；shall-should ；sing-sang-singing；sit-sat-sitting；sleep-slept-sleeping；speak-spoke-speaking；spend-spent-spending。練一練：1、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數。drinkgostaymakelookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdoteachtakesee三.寫出下列動詞的現在分詞。putgiveflygetdancesitrunplanttakeswimaskstoptakewritehavesmokethinkwanttell3、寫出下列動詞的過去式。is\amflyplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpassdo4、用動詞的適當形式填空。ItoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.Mybrotheroftentoschoolwithme.Yesterdaywetoschooltogether.Weliketoschoolverymuch.(go)Theyusuallylunchathome.Butlastweek,theylunchatschool.(have)ThatmyEnglishbook.Itnew.Butnowitnothere.Itthereamomentago.(be)Mysisterlikesverymuch.Sheoftenatourschoolfestival.Lastterm,shealotofsongsintheschoolhall.Shebeautifully.(sing)WhatheusuallyonSunday?Heusuallyhishomework.Look!Hehishomeworknow.hehishomeworklastSunday?Yes,he. (do)DopeopleusuallymooncakesatMid-autumnFestival?Yes,theydo.DidyoumooncakeslastMid-autumnFestival?Yes,Idid.Ialotofdeliciousmooncakes.(eat)附加：動詞不定式練習一定要記?。簍o后面用動詞原形二.用擴號中所給動詞的適當形式填空。Peoplewouldlike(go)tofarmsinthecountryside.It'stime(have)lunch.Iwant(buy)somepresentsformyfriends.Pleaseshouwmehow(go)totheshoppingcentre.Thethiefbegan(run).Wouldyoulike(join)us?Don'tforget(write)aHappyNewYearv.Shewasveryglad(see)them.I，msorry(hear)that.Pleaseremember(close)thewindowsbeforeyougohome.2、圈出下列句子中的錯誤，并改正。Wouldyoulikegocampingwithus?Helen,showuxhowdrawingasquare.Iwanttowritesalettertomypenfriend.It*stimeforusgotoschool.LiuTaowantstoshowingPeter'sphotostohismum.動名詞其實就是動詞的“現在分詞”1、remember+ving,表示“記得做過某事“；Irememberpostingthelettertoday,remember+todo,表示“記得要去做某事"Pleaseremembertopostthelettertoday.2、forget+ving,表示“忘記做過某事(實際做過)”；Forget+todo,表示“忘記去做某事(實際沒做)”。Iforgetdoinghomeworkthismorning.Iforgettodohomeworkthismorning.3、stop+ving,表示“停止做某事"；Stopsmoking,please.Stop+todo,表示“停止正在做的事,而去做別的事"。Let'sstoptohavearest.4.like+ving,表示一個人的愛好和習慣，意思是“喜歡干某事”；Like+todo=wouldliketodosomething,表示“某人想要、愿意干某事”。Iliketakingawalkaftersuppereveryday.Iwouldliketohavesomechips.練一練：1、用擴號內所給動詞的適當形式填空。1)(swim)isnotasfastasrunning.2)It'ssunnytoday.Let'sgo (fish).3)Doyoulike(read)Englishinthemorning?4)Areyougoodat (dance)?5)Whereisthe (shop)centre?6)Wouldyouliketogo (jog)withme?7)Myhobbyis(play)football.8)SuHailikes(watch)cartoonsonSundays.2、選擇擴號內動詞的適當形式填空。1)I'msorry (hearing,tohear)that.2)Jimisgoodat (swimming,toswim).3)Shallwego (skating,toskate)?4)Today,myworkis (looking,tolook)afterthebaby.5)I'mgoing (flying,tofly)akiteintheplayground.6)Ilike(playing,toplay)basketballafterschool.7)Wouldyoulike (going,togo)totheGreatWall?8)JimisaskingLiuTaohow(getting,toget)totheHistoryMuseum.八.時態(tài)1、一般現在時A、當謂語是be動詞時，構成為：主語+be動詞(am,is,are)+其他。如：Iamastudent.B、當謂語是行為動詞時，構成有兩種：(1)主語(非第三人稱單數)+動詞原形+其他。如：WeoftenwatchTVattheweekends.(2)主語(第三人稱單數)+動詞第三人稱單數形式+其他。如：JimusuallygoestotheparkonSundays.C、句型變換：肯定句否定句一般疑問句及回答TheywatchTVatsixeveryday.Theydon'twatchTVatsixeveryday. DotheywatchTVatsixeveryday. Yes,theydo./No,theydon,t.ShewatchesTVatsixeveryday.Shedoesn,twatchTVatsixeveryday.

DoesshewatchTVatsixeveryday. Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn,t.肯定句否定句一般疑問句及回答TheywatchTVatsixeveryday.Theydon,twatchTVatsixeveryday. DotheywatchTVatsixeveryday. Yes,theydo./No,theydon't.ShewatchesTVatsixeveryday.Shedoesn,twatchTVatsixeveryday.—DoesshewatchTVatsixeveryday. Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn,t.練一練:A、用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。1)Heoften(have)dinnerathome.2)DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.3)We (notwatch)TVonMonday.4)Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5) they (like)theWorldCup?6)There(be)somewaterinthebottle.7) youriparents (read)newspaperseveryday?8)Mike(like)cooking.9)Youalways_ (do)yourhomeworkwell.10)They_(have)thesamehobby.11)Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.12)LiuTao(do)notlikePE.13)SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.B、按要求轉換句子，每空一詞。1）Tomlikesplayingbasketballwithhisfriends.（改成否定句）Tomplayingbasketballwithhisfriends.David,sparentsoftentakeawalkaftersupper.(改為一般疑問句并作否定回答) David'sparentsoftenawalkaftersupper? No, .TheyusuallywatchTV.(對劃線部分提問)theyusually .Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改為一般疑問句并作出肯定回答)—alwaysastudent?—,SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改為否定句)SimonandDanielgoing.2、現在進行時A、構成形式：主語+be動詞+動詞的ing形式+其他。B、判斷依據：句中往往有now、look、listen等詞。注意：千萬不要忘了一定得有be動詞。C、句型變換：練一練：A、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空。Theboy(draw)apicturenow.Whatyou(do)now?Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefoodnow.Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.They (notwater)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.Helen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.B、根據中文，完成句子，每空一詞。1)劉濤的父親正在澆花。LiuTao'sfatheris.2)看，孩子們正在操場上踢足球。Look!Thechildrenintheplayground.3)她正在公園里散步嗎？是的?！猻heawalkinthepark? Yes,she4)Jack正在哪讀書？在他書房。 Jackthebooknow? Heis.3、一般過去時A,構成形式：主語+動詞的過去式+其他。注意：沒有be動詞的否定句和疑問句中，用didn't否定和用did提問后，動詞一定要用原形。B、判斷依據：(1)be動詞是was、were；(2)動詞加ed；(3)有表示過去的時間狀語，現在學過的常用的表示過去的時間狀語有：justnow,amoment,yesterday,lastweek,lastnight,lastweekend,lastyear,lastmonth,threedaysago,twoweeksago,fiveyearsago…