屆高考英語實戰(zhàn)演練專題閱讀理解《附詳析》 優(yōu)秀獎 優(yōu)秀獎 省一等獎

2022屆高考英語實戰(zhàn)演練專題閱讀理解（61-65）《附詳析》(第61篇)Honestycomesinmanyforms.Firstthere’sself-honesty.Iswhatpeopleseetherealarticleordoyouappear_through_smoke_and_mirrors?IfindthatifItrytobesomethingI’mnot，IfeelunsureofmyselfandtakeoutapartfrommyPBA(personalbankaccount).IlovehowsingerJudyGarlandputit,“Alwaysbeafirstclassversion(版本)ofyourself,insteadofasecondclassversionofsomebodyelse.”Thenthere’shonestyinouractions.Areyouhonestatschool，withyourparents,andwithyourboss?Ifyou’veeverbeendishonest，Ithinkweallhave,trybeinghonest,andnoticehowwholeitmakesyoufeel.Remember,youcan’tdowrongandfeelright.ThisstorybyJeffisagoodexampleofthat：Inmysecondyearofstudy,therewerethreekidsinmymathclasswhodidn’tdowell.Iwasreallygoodatit.IwouldchargethemthreedollarsforeachtestthatIhelpedthempass.I’dwriteonalittlepieceofpaperalltherightanswers,andhandthemoff.AtfirstIfeltlikeIwasmakingmoney,kindofanicejob.Iwasn’tthinkingabouthowitcouldhurtallofus.AfterawhileIrealizedIshouldn’tdothatanymore,becauseIwasn’treallyhelpingthem.Theyweren’tlearninganything,anditwouldonlygetharderdowntheroad.Cheatingcertainlywasn’thelpingme.Ittakescouragetobehonestwhenpeopleallaroundyouaregettingawaywithcheatingontests,lyingtotheirparents,andstealingatwork.But,remember,everyactofhonestyisadeposit(儲蓄)intoyourPBAandwillbuildstrength.[語篇解讀]誠實可以反映在生活的各個方面，對于我們來說，首先要做一個誠實的自我1．Theunderlinedpart“appearthroughsmokeandmirrors”inthefirstparagraphmeans“________”．A.tobehonestB.toheunrealC.tobecomeclearD.tocomefromanimaginedworld[解析]猜測詞義題第一段第二句：人們看到的是真實的你還是出現(xiàn)在霧里、鏡里的你？由此可知：appearthroughsmokeandmirrors為“tobeunreal”，表示“不真實”的意思[答案]B2．WhichofthefollowingcanbestexplainJudyGarland’swords?A.Beyourtrueselfratherthanfollowothers.B.Don’tcopyothersoryoucan’tbethefirstclass.C.Makeeffortstobethefirstinsteadofthesecond.D.Don’tlearnfromothersunlessthey’reexcellent.[解析]推理判斷題綜觀全文，這句話可以理解為：做一個真正的自我，不要一味效仿別人[答案]A3．WhatdoestheauthorexpecttoshowbyJeff’sstory?A.Honestycanbeofgreathelp.B.Abadthingcanbeturnedintoagoodone.C.Helpingotherscheatcandogoodtonobody.D.Oneshouldrealizethewronginhisbaddeeds.[解析]事實細(xì)節(jié)題第二段最后一句告訴我們：通過講述Jeff的故事，作者希望人們做錯了事情，應(yīng)該自己意識到錯誤[答案]D4．Inthelastparagraphtheauthormainlywantstoexpress________.A.onemustbebravetobehonestB.it’sdifficulttobehonestwhenothersarenotC.oneshouldbehonestwhenmakingadepositD.honestyinone’sactionscanhelphiminthefuture[解析]主旨大意題最后一段告訴我們：人們減實的舉動，會對自己的未來有益[答案]D(第62篇)Teenagerswhodrinkalcoholareathigherriskofbecomingvictimsofviolence,aCardiffAteamfromtheSchoolofDentistry’sViolenceResearchGroupstudieddrinkinghabitsinchildrenaged11-16inEngland.Theyfoundnotonlyalinkbetweendrinkandviolencebutalsothatchildrenwhodrankweremorelikelytobehit,eveniftheyweren’tviolentthemselves.Theresearchersarenowcallingformeasurestopreventalcoholmisusetoreduceinjuryrisk.Currentpolicyfocusesonreducingaggressionbutthisresearchshowsthatthereshouldbeequalefforttoreducevictimization.Morethan4,000childrenweresurveyedat13schoolsatfourlocalauthoritiesintheNorth,theMidlands,London,andtheSouth.Thestudyfoundthat25%of11-year-oldsweredrinkingmonthlyand%daily,with%admittingtogettingdrunk3to5timesayear.Bytheageof16,40%weredrinkingweeklyand%weredrinkingeveryday.Theresearchalsoshowed%of16-year-oldsweregettingdrunkmorethan21timesayear.Thestudy,whichhasjustbeenpublishedintheJournalofAdolescence,foundastronglinkbetweenfrequencyofdrinkingandfrequencyofhittingotherpeople.However,childrenwhoreporteddrinkingmonthlywerealsothreetimesmorelikelytobehit.Adolescentswhodrankbutdidn’tgetintofightsweremorelikelytobehitthanthosewhodidfight.ProfessorJonathanShepherd,wholedtheresearch,saidalotofpreviousalcohol-relatedviolenceworkhadfocusedontheoffendersratherthanthevictims.Histeamiscallingformorepreventionworkfromparentsandteachersinthefirsttwoyearsofsecondaryschoolbytakingadvantageofthe“teachablemoment”，thatis,immediatelyafterastudenthasmissedschoolbecauseofdrunkenness.PreviousworkbyProfessorJonathanShepherdhasshowndrinkersmaybemoreatriskofviolencebecauseofreducedphysicalco-ordination,poordecision-makinginthreateningsituationsandisolationwhileoutlateatnight.Hesaid,“Thisnewstudyseemstobethefirsttoshowadirectlinkbetweenalcoholmisuseandvictimization.Therenowneedstohemuchmoreeffortputintoreducingalcoholmisuseinordertoreduceinjury.”[語篇解讀]本文介紹了一項關(guān)于青少年酗酒的研究該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，酗酒的青少年更容易成為暴力的受害者1.Themainideaofthepassageisthatteenagerswhodrinkalcohol________.A.oftenoffendotherpeopleB.oftenbecomeinjuredC.aremorelikelytobecomevictimsofviolenceD.aremorelikelytofightwithothers[解析]主旨大意題根據(jù)第一段中的“Teenagerswhodrinkalcoholareathigherriskofbecomingvictimsofviolence”可知答案為C[答案]C2．Theunderlinedword“aggression”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A.violence B.sadfeelingsC.badmanners D.drunkenness[解析]詞義猜測題根據(jù)上下文尤其是本句后半句可知，aggression與victimization意思相反，所以aggression是“暴力行為”的意思[答案]A3．Theresearcharguesthatmoreeffortshouldbemadeto________.A.reduceaggressionB.preventfightingC.reducevictimizationD.preventdrinkingalcohol[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句中的“thisresearchshowsthatthereshouldbeequalefforttoreducevictimization”可知答案為C[答案]C4．DrinkersmaybemoreatriskofviolencebecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPT________.A.reducedphysicalco-ordinationB.isolationwhileoutlateatnightC.ahigherfrequencyofhittingotherpeopleD.poordecision-makinginthreateningsituations[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段可知答案[答案]C5．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtoProfessorShepherd’sresearch?A.Thefrequencyofchildrengettingdrunkincreaseswithage.B.Hispreviousalcohol-relatedviolenceworkhadfocusedontheoffenders.C.Somechildrenmissedschoolbecauseofdrunkenness.D.Thisnewstudyshowsadirectlinkbetweenalcoholmisuseandvictimization.[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題B項偷換概念，原文為“alotofpreviousalcohol-relatedviolenceworkhadfocusedontheoffenders”，這些研究不一定就是這位教授以前的研究[答案]B(第63篇)AudreyHepburnwonanAcademyAwardasBestActressforherfirstmajorAmericanmovie,RomanHoliday,whichwasreleasedin1953.Butsheisrememberedasmuchforheraidworkasforheracting.BorninBelgiumin1929,Audrey’sfatherwasBritishandhermotherwasDutch.AudreywassenttoliveataBritishschoolforpartofherchildhood.DuringWorldWarII,shelivedandstudiedintheNetherlands.HermotherthoughtitwouldbesafefromGermanattacks.AudreystudieddanceasateenagerandduringcollegewhenshereturnedtoLondonafterthewar.Butsherealizedshewasn’tgoingtobeaballerina.Soshebegantakingactingpartsinstageshows.Latershebegantogetsmallpartsinmovies.ButitwasAudreyHepburn’smovetoAmericathatbroughthertruefame.In1951sheplayedthecharacter“Gigi”intheBroadwayplayofthesamenametogreatcriticalpraise.Twoyearslater,RomanHolidaymadeherastarattheageof24.Audreymademorethan25movies.AmonghermostpopularroleswasHollyGolightlyinBreakfastatTiffany’sin1961.ThreeyearslatersheplayedElizaDoolittleinMyFairLady.Shewasmarriedtwotimesandhadonesonbyeachhusband.In1989,theUNChildren’sFundnamedAudreyagoodwillambassador.ShetravelledallovertheworldinsupportofUNICEFprojects.TheUNagencysaidshewasatirelessworker.Sheoftengave15interviewsadaytogainmoneyandsupportforUNICEFprojects.AudreyHepburnoftensaidherloyaltytoUNICEFwastheresultofherexperiencesasachildduringWorldWarⅡ.Shesaidsheknewwhatitwasliketobestarvingandtobesavedbyinternationalaid.Shewasagoodwillambassadoruntilherdeathin1993fromcoloncancer.[語篇解讀]本文介紹著名影星AudreyHepburn(奧黛麗·赫本)的生平事跡1953年主演的《羅馬假日》使她一舉成名從1989年直至1993年去世，赫本一直擔(dān)任聯(lián)合國兒童基金會的特使，為拉美和非洲兒童提供了很大幫助1．InParagraph1,“heraidwork”means________.A.winninganAcademyAwardasBestActressB.takingactingpartsinstageshowsC.makingmoviesD.actingasagoodwillambassadorforUNICEF[解析]推理判斷題此題應(yīng)根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容來判斷第一段是全文的概括，其重心在后面，即奧黛麗·赫本盡管獲得奧斯卡最佳女主角獎，但她擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)脑ぷ魍瑯邮谷算懹浽俳Y(jié)合文章接下來的敘述可知答案為D[答案]D2．ThereasonwhyAudreylivedandstudiedintheNetherlandswasthat________.A.shewantedtobeaballerinaB.herparentswerefromBritainC.theeducationtherewasexcellentD.itwassafethere[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第三段中的“HermotherthoughtitwouldbesafefromGermanattacks”和“shereturnedtoLondonafterthewar”可知D項正確[答案]D3．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.Audrey’sparentslivedinGermanyduringWorldWarⅡB.AudreylivedinAmericaC.AudreywasmadetogiveupdancingD.thecharacter“Gigi”intheBroadwayplaywashermostpopularrole[解析]推理判斷題根據(jù)第二段和第三段前半部分可知，A項錯誤；根據(jù)第三段中“sherealizedshewasn’tgoingtobeaballerina”可知是她主動放棄的，C項錯誤；根據(jù)第四段中“In1951sheplayedthecharacter‘Gigi’intheBroadwayplay”及后文可判斷，這個角色并不是她扮演的最有名的角色，因此D項錯誤由文章第四、五兩段可知B項正確[答案]B4．________isNOTmentionedinthepassageaboutAudreyHepburn.A.Marriage B.IdentityC.Contribution D.Religion[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題可以運用排除法她的婚姻、身份和貢獻在文章中都提到了，唯獨沒有提及她的宗教信仰，故選D[答案]D5．________istherightorderforAudrey’slife.①Thefirsttimeshebegantoplayinmovies.②ShereturnedtoLondonfromtheNetherlands.③ShewonanAcademyAwardasBestActress.④ShetravelledallovertheworldinsupportofUNICEFprojects.⑤SheplayedapartinMyFairLady.A．②①③⑤④ B.①②③⑤④C.②①⑤③④ D.①②⑤③④[解析]排列順序題結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可以判斷A項順序正確[答案]A[長難句解讀]ButitwasAudreyHepburn’smovetoAmericathatbroughthertruefame.是奧黛麗·赫本移居美國給她帶來了真正的名聲這是一個強調(diào)句型，強調(diào)主語AudreyHepburn’smovetoAmerica(第64篇)TheworldisnotcomingtoanendonDecember21,2022,theUSspaceagencyinsistedMondayinararecampaigntodispelwidespreadrumorsfueledbytheInternetandanewHollywoodmovie.ThelatestbigscreenofferingfromSonyPicture,2022,arrivesintheatersonFriday,witha200milliondollarproductionabouttheendoftheworldsupposedlybasedonmyths(虛構(gòu)的故事)backedbytheMayancalendar.ItisclaimedthattheendoftimewillcomeasaPlanetX—orNibiru—headstowardorcollideswiththeEarth.SomewebsitesaccuseNASAofhidingthetruthontheplanet’sexistence,buttheUSspaceagencydenouncedsuchstoriesasan“Internethoax(惡作劇)”.“Thereisnofactualbasisfortheseclaims，”NASAsaidinaquestionandanswerpostingonitswebsite.“Ifsuchacollisionwerereal,astronomerswouldhavebeentrackingitforatleastthepastdecade,anditwouldbevisiblebynowtothenakedeye.Obviously,itdoesnotexist.Crediblescientistsworldwideknowofnothreatassociatedwith2022，”itinsisted.“Afterall,ourplanethasbeengettingalongjustwellformorethanfourbillionyears，”addedNASA.Thereisanotherplanet,Eris,floatinginspace.ButthesmallplanetsimilartoPlutowillremainsafelyfixedintheoutersolarsystemanditcancomenocloserthanfourbillionmilestotheEarth,accordingtoNASA.InitialtheoriessetthedisasterforMay2022,butwhennothinghappenedthedatewasmovedforwardtothewinterin2022tocoincidewiththeendofacycleoftheancientMayancalendar.NASAinsistedtheMayancalendarinfactdoesnotendonDecember21,2022,asanotherperiodbeginsimmediatelyafterward.Andeveniftheplanetsweretolineupassomehaveforecast,theeffectonourplanetwouldbe“negligible”，NASAsaid.“Andwhilecometsandasteroids(小行星)havealwayshittheEarth,bighitsareveryrare，”NASAnoted.Thelastmajorimpactwasbelievedtobe65millionyearsago，resultingintheendofdinosaurs.“Wehavealreadydeterminedthattherearenothreateningasteroidsaslargeastheonethatkilledthedinosaurs，”thespaceagencysaid.[語篇解讀]好萊塢災(zāi)難大片《2022》使網(wǎng)絡(luò)上盛傳的“2012年12月21日為世界末日”1．________playedakeyroleinthespreadoftherumors.A.AnewbookB.TheInternetandanewHollywoodmovieC.NASAD.AnIndiancalendar[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第一段中todispelwidespreadrumorsfueledbytheIntermetandanewHollywoodmovie可知因特網(wǎng)和一部好萊塢新片對傳播世界末日的謠言起到了推波助瀾的作用[答案]B2．Thefilm2022is________.A.abouttheendoftheworldB.basedonthescientificpredictionC.wellacceptedinthesciencefieldD.aboutaromanticlovestory[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第二段第一句可知《2022》這部電影是關(guān)于世界末日的根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可先排除D項；由第二段中basedonmyths(虛構(gòu)的故事)可知B項錯誤；由宇航局的講話可推出C項錯誤[答案]A3．Wecaninferthat________.A.peopledidn’ttaketherumorseriouslyB.PlanetX—orNibirudoesexistC.astronomershavebeentrackingPlanetXforovertenyearsD.therumorcausedapanicamongsomepeople[解析]推理判斷題根據(jù)theUSspaceagencyinsistedMondayinararecampaigntodispelwidespreadrumors可知謠言傳播之廣以至于美國宇航局不得不出來辟謠，由此可見事態(tài)嚴(yán)重，故可判斷謠言有可能造成了一些人的恐慌[答案]D4．NASAthinksthatEris________.A.mightposeathreattotheEarthB.doesn’tposeanythreattotheEarthC.istoofarawaytobevisibleD.issimilartoourplanet,wherelifemightexist[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知Eris行星并沒有對我們的地球構(gòu)成威脅[答案]B5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?A.NewHollywoodmovie2022B.December21,2022,NOTtheendoftheworldC.EndoftheancientMayancalendarD.Howrumorscameintobeing[解析]主旨大意題本文主要講美國宇航局駁斥“2012年12月21日[答案]B[長難句解讀]ThelatestbigscreenofferingfromSonyPicture,2022,arrivesintheatersonFriday,witha200milliondollarproductionabouttheendoftheworldsupposedlybasedonmyths(虛構(gòu)的故事)backedbytheMayancalendar.本句為簡單句句子的主語為Thelatestbigscreenoffering，意為“最新銀幕作品”介詞短語“witha．..”作狀語過去分詞短語supposedlybasedonmyths作定語，修飾theendoftheworld過去分詞短語backedbytheMayancalendar作定語，修飾myths(第65篇)AngusMacLeodwasfiftyandhehadspenthisentirelifeasashepherdintheremotemountainousregionofnorthwestScotland.Hehadneverownedaradioortelevisionnorhadhetravelledfurtherthanfortykilometresfromhisbirthplace.Hisknowledgeoftheworldwasgainedonlyfromhisbrieftripstothevillagetosellhissheepandbuyfood.However,hehadlatelycometorelyonthegrowingnumberofhillwalkersintheregionassourcesofinternationalnews.Inthespringof1992,aSpanishstudentcameacrossAngushighinthemountains.EagertopractisehisEnglishheengagedAngusinconversation.ThestudenttoldAngusoftheforthcomingOlympicGamesinBarcelona.Excitedbythestudent’scolourfuldescriptionofSpainandtheGames,AngusdecidedtoattendtheeventinpersonandtwomonthslaterarrivedinBarcelona.TheticketlessAngusstoodoutsidethestadiumwithhiscannybrainworkingovertime，watchingagrowingnumberofindividualsenteringthestadiumthroughasmallentranceattheside.Henoticedthattheyallseemedtobecarryingobjects.Perhapstheywereworkmen,hethought.Hemovedcloserandwatched.Withinminutesathinyoungmancamealongcarryinganextremelylongpole.Heapproachedtheofficialatthedoorandsaid“PoleVault”.Theofficialmovedtothesideandthemanentered.Nextcameaheavysetmanwithaspear.Anguswonderedhowamancouldcarrysuchadangerousweaponinamoderncity.Themanshouted“Javelin”andwaspresent