考研GCT口語(yǔ)交際解析

第一章口語(yǔ)交際一、題型分析.考試要求及考試范圍根據(jù)《在職攻讀碩士學(xué)位全國(guó)聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)考試大綱》的有關(guān)規(guī)定，暫時(shí)取消聽(tīng)力測(cè)試，口語(yǔ)交際的測(cè)試采用書(shū)面形式進(jìn)行。其要求是：“能用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行日常會(huì)話(huà)。對(duì)于生活、學(xué)習(xí)和工作中的常見(jiàn)英語(yǔ)會(huì)話(huà),能理解會(huì)話(huà)的情景、說(shuō)話(huà)人的意圖和對(duì)話(huà)的含義。能適當(dāng)進(jìn)行交際。能正確理解英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的習(xí)慣用法。”口語(yǔ)交際分為兩部分：完成對(duì)話(huà)(DialogueCompletion)和對(duì)話(huà)理解(DialogueComprehension)。(1)完成對(duì)話(huà)部分重點(diǎn)是考查考生的語(yǔ)用能力。即：在不同的場(chǎng)合，或者在不同的語(yǔ)境下，考生能夠正確地進(jìn)行交流，能夠選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)句完成對(duì)話(huà)。如：[A]:BeachMotel.MayIhelpyou?[B]: Thankyou.I'dliketomakealongdistancecalltoNewYork.Yes.Weneedadoubleroomforthisweekend.Sorry.Idon'tthinkyoucanhelpus.Thankyouanyway.Allright.MynameisDavidJonesandmyroomnumberis301.本題是測(cè)試考生判斷對(duì)話(huà)場(chǎng)景并運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行交際的能力。[A]的話(huà)已經(jīng)為考生提供了對(duì)話(huà)的場(chǎng)景，即汽車(chē)旅館接待員在接聽(tīng)電話(huà)，并主動(dòng)詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方是否需要提供服務(wù)。對(duì)方可以明確表示需要提供的服務(wù)項(xiàng)目，因此B項(xiàng)中：“是的，我們本周末需要訂一個(gè)雙人間。”符合該對(duì)話(huà)的場(chǎng)景，應(yīng)為正確答案。A項(xiàng)在旅館接待人員還沒(méi)有提供服務(wù)前就表示感謝，不符合該對(duì)話(huà)場(chǎng)景；C項(xiàng)說(shuō)話(huà)人本來(lái)是打電話(huà)給汽車(chē)旅館，而自己又說(shuō)：“對(duì)不起，我認(rèn)為你幫不了我……”顯然是自相矛盾；D項(xiàng)說(shuō)話(huà)人沒(méi)提出需要幫助的內(nèi)容而是在介紹自己的姓名與房間號(hào)，也不符合該對(duì)話(huà)的場(chǎng)景，因此都不對(duì)。（2）對(duì)話(huà)理解部分重點(diǎn)是考查考生的對(duì)話(huà)或語(yǔ)用理解能力。特別是英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)中的常用習(xí)慣用法以及一些固定的句型結(jié)構(gòu)。如：[Man]:MarktakesadvantageofeveryopportunitytogetclosetotheCEO.[Woman]:Everyoneknowshewantstoflyhigh.[Question]:Whatdoesthewomanimply?Markwantstotravelbyair.MarklikestheCEOverymuch.Markisgreatlyinterestedinpower.Markcanseizeopportunitiesintime.flyhigh是一個(gè)習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式，其意思是“有雄心壯志”。所以，C項(xiàng)的意思與這個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)最接近?？谡Z(yǔ)交際這兩部分的考試項(xiàng)目要求考生具備日常會(huì)話(huà)的語(yǔ)用知識(shí)和相應(yīng)的日常語(yǔ)言交流的能力。這些知識(shí)和交際能力應(yīng)該包括：?jiǎn)柡?、?xún)問(wèn)、介紹、致謝、致歉、贊揚(yáng)、抱怨、問(wèn)詢(xún)、約會(huì)、看病、購(gòu)物、送行、建議、要求、打電話(huà)等。此外，考生還需要掌握一定的有關(guān)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的習(xí)慣用法。如："It'sashortcut（近路）totherailwaystation.It'snotmycupoftea.（不是我的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)或?qū)ｉL(zhǎng)”等。2.對(duì)話(huà)的命題方式口語(yǔ)交際部分的命題方式大致可以分成三類(lèi)：（1）語(yǔ)境題這類(lèi)題包括人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪锌赡苡龅降母鞣N交際活動(dòng)，如：打招呼、祝賀、購(gòu)物、接送客人等。如："Nicetomeetyou.""Goodmorning.nWhat'sthematter?”等。例如：SpeakerA:Hello,MayIhelpyou?SpeakerB:Yes,thisisJackKordell.MayIspeaktoElaineStrong,please?Whoareyou?UltimateComputers.Whoisspeaking?I*mthesecretary.此處大家如能從對(duì)話(huà)中看出這是一個(gè)電話(huà)對(duì)話(huà)，就可知道接電話(huà)者在接電話(huà)時(shí)首先要自報(bào)家門(mén)，即報(bào)出自己所在機(jī)構(gòu)、單位的名稱(chēng)。故答案為Bo(2)習(xí)語(yǔ)題這類(lèi)題主要是人們?nèi)粘；顒?dòng)中用到的一些短語(yǔ)和習(xí)語(yǔ)。如："berightontarget,v"onthespot,hastemakeswaste”等。(3)結(jié)構(gòu)題[Man]:YouwillgetavotefromLora?[Woman]:Sheistooyoungtovote.[Question]:Whatdoesthewomanmean?這個(gè)對(duì)話(huà)中有一個(gè)英語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，即，too...to…意思是“太……而不能……這道題主要是考查對(duì)話(huà)情景中雙方使用的句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否符合對(duì)話(huà)的意義。二、復(fù)習(xí)要領(lǐng)(-)口語(yǔ)交際部分的答題要領(lǐng)主要有以下幾點(diǎn).理解對(duì)話(huà)的背景和場(chǎng)景對(duì)話(huà)的背景和場(chǎng)景對(duì)于正確選擇答案是非常重要的。如：[A]:HiMary,longtimenosee.[B]： HiJohn.Nicemeetingyou.Yes.Menu,please.Oh,Isee.I'velotsofworktodohere.Yes.DoyouknowI'vemovedtoanewapartment?在對(duì)話(huà)中，longtimenosee是在一段時(shí)間沒(méi)有見(jiàn)面之后，在相逢的情景下使用的。所以回答需要首先確定對(duì)話(huà)的場(chǎng)景，之后選擇D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)前半部分是在打招呼，而Nicemeetingyou是人們?cè)诜质謺r(shí)的客套話(huà)，不符合該對(duì)話(huà)的情景，因此不對(duì)；B項(xiàng)是在飯店的情景；C項(xiàng)可能是在辦公室或公司等處，所以與對(duì)話(huà)的場(chǎng)景不一致。.理解對(duì)話(huà)的關(guān)鍵詞和習(xí)慣用法口語(yǔ)交流中需要正確地理解對(duì)方的關(guān)鍵詞和有關(guān)的習(xí)語(yǔ)。這些詞和習(xí)語(yǔ)可以幫助我們確定對(duì)話(huà)的場(chǎng)景，作出正確的判斷。如：[A]:MayIseeyourdrivinglicenseandvehicleregistrationcard,please?[B]： Sorry,Iforgottobringmyhomework.Good.Hereismybusinesscard.Sure.DidIdoanythingwrong?Yes.ButIdon'tthinkI'mabadstudent.該題的關(guān)鍵詞是drivinglicense（駕照）。了解這個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞后，就可以排除，“對(duì)不起，我忘記帶作業(yè)了”；“這是我的名片”；和“我不認(rèn)為我是個(gè)壞學(xué)生”。因?yàn)檫@三句與drivinglicense都沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。再如：[Man]:IhadaquarrelwithMary.Shesaidthatshehatedmecomingbackhomelate.[Woman]:Youneedtoputyourcardsonthetable.[Question]:Whatdoesthewomanmean?Themanshouldn'tquarrelwithMary.Themanshouldgohomeearlier.Themanshouldn'tplaycardsintheevening.Themanshouldtalkabouttheproblemopenly.在對(duì)話(huà)中putyourcardsonthetable是個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)，意思是，''公開(kāi)談?wù)?；擺到桌面上來(lái)工了解了這個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)的意義，再借助上下文，就可以比較正確地選擇答案了。.采取排除法答題考試過(guò)程中，經(jīng)常采用的一種答題方法是“排除法”。即，將不可能的選項(xiàng)一一排除。先排除最不可能的選項(xiàng)，最后確定答案。如：Man:WhichwayisAisle（通道）6A?Woman:.Man:Great.Thankyou.InthreeminutesOnemomentpleaseFourblocksawayTworowsthatway上文問(wèn)的是6A通道在哪里，A、B兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)說(shuō)的都是時(shí)間，可以直接排除，C項(xiàng)中的blocks說(shuō)的是街道，也可以排除，所以答案為Do.注意中英表達(dá)方式的異同，有時(shí)選項(xiàng)中會(huì)有一些漢語(yǔ)式的表達(dá)方式，這些選項(xiàng)基本可以馬上排除，因?yàn)槲覀儾皇窃诳紳h語(yǔ)。例如:48.FriendA:Thismealisonme..FriendB:Thanks,butisn,titmyturntotreatyou?It'snoneofyourbusinessI'11treatyouIinviteyouMypleasure考點(diǎn)：中英表達(dá)方式的差異。因?yàn)镃項(xiàng)是“我請(qǐng)你”的直譯。再如:Man:DoIhavethepleasuretobuyyouadrink?Bill:.It'syourpleasureIt'sverykindofyouYou'retoonicetomeYouspendmoneyagainC項(xiàng)“你對(duì)我太好了”D項(xiàng)“又讓你破費(fèi)了”都是漢語(yǔ)的表達(dá)方式。以下以2006年聯(lián)考真題為例，分析一下口語(yǔ)交際的考查要點(diǎn)。SpeakerA:Excuseme.Butcanyoutelluswheretheconferenceis?SpeakerB:.Theconferenceroomislocatedonthethirdfloorofthehotel.A.Ofcourse,sir.B.Yes,please.C.Right,sir.D.Youarewelcome.分析：在本題中，從A方的問(wèn)話(huà)“請(qǐng)問(wèn)你能告訴我大會(huì)在哪兒開(kāi)嗎？“，可以判斷出對(duì)話(huà)的情景是問(wèn)路，向?qū)Ψ酱蚵?tīng)會(huì)議場(chǎng)所。從B方回答的后半部分“會(huì)議室在賓館的三樓”看，他知道大會(huì)場(chǎng)所，能回答A方的問(wèn)題，所以答案為A.Ofcourse,sir.“當(dāng)然，先生其它三個(gè)答案中，B.Yes,please."是的，請(qǐng)吧”意在允許對(duì)方做某事；C.Right,sir.“對(duì)，先生”則是對(duì)對(duì)方說(shuō)法的肯定;D.Youarewelcome.“你太客氣了”則是接受對(duì)方感謝時(shí)常用的說(shuō)法。SpeakerA: SpeakerB:I'mrunningatemperature,andfeelsick.WhatcanIdoforyou?Whatseemsthetrouble?Whatareyoudoingthesedays?Howlonghasthisbeengoingon?分析：從B方的回答“我發(fā)燒了，感覺(jué)惡心”，可以判斷出對(duì)話(huà)的情景是醫(yī)生和病人的對(duì)話(huà)，B方是病人，向醫(yī)生描述自己的癥狀,那么A方一定是問(wèn)對(duì)方怎么了，所以答案為B.Whatseemsthetrouble?”你哪兒不舒服？”其它三個(gè)答案中A.WhatcanIdoforyou?“需要幫忙嗎？”是服務(wù)人員常用英語(yǔ)；C.Whatareyoudoingthesedays?“最近在忙什么？”是朋友聊天；D.Howlonghasthisbeengoingon?”這種情況有多久了？”也是大夫用語(yǔ)，不過(guò)是在聽(tīng)了病人敘述病情之后的問(wèn)話(huà)。SpeakerA:Nancy,youlookverywell.SpeakerB:Thankyou,Jane.Youlookwonderful.Yourweekendswimmingmusthavedonegoodtoyou.SpeakerA:.Youthinkso?That'sencouraging.That'sverykindofyou.Areyouserious?Thankyou,anyway.Areyoukidding?Idon'tbelieveit.分析：在本題考查的是致謝用語(yǔ)的掌握。對(duì)于別人夸獎(jiǎng)、贊美之辭，中國(guó)人雖然喜歡聽(tīng)，但總要謙虛一番，先是A方(簡(jiǎn))夸B方氣色好(lookverywell),B方(南希)夸簡(jiǎn)氣色也不錯(cuò)(lookwonderful),接著分析了原因“你的周末游泳肯定很有好處”。這是兩個(gè)朋友見(jiàn)面常聊的話(huà)題，B方聽(tīng)了朋友的話(huà)該是什么反應(yīng)呢？我們來(lái)看一下四個(gè)答案的意思：A.Youthinkso?That'sencouraging.“你真的這樣想？太令人鼓舞了?！甭?tīng)說(shuō)自己的游泳有效果而喜出望外，符合語(yǔ)境。B.That'sverykindofyou.“非常感謝”，語(yǔ)義似乎也對(duì)，但語(yǔ)用不當(dāng)。"It'sverykindofyou”是得到對(duì)方幫助或善意時(shí)表達(dá)謝意的用語(yǔ)；C.Areyouserious?Thankyou,anyway.“當(dāng)真？不管怎樣還是謝謝你。"D.Areyoukidding?Idon'tbelieveit.“你在開(kāi)玩笑吧？我不相信?！盋、D兩項(xiàng)都是質(zhì)疑對(duì)方的說(shuō)法真實(shí)性，D語(yǔ)氣更加強(qiáng)烈，不符合情景。SpeakerA:Ittookmetenyearstobuildupmybusiness.Anditalmostkilledme.SpeakerB:Well,youknowwhattheysay:.A.Thereisnosmokewithoutfire.B.Practicemakesperfect.C.AllroadsleadtoRome. D.Nopains,nogains.分析：在本題中，從A方的說(shuō)法”建起這項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)花了我10年的時(shí)間，差點(diǎn)要了我的命”可以判斷出他的生意(business)肯定不錯(cuò)，只是來(lái)之不易。B方說(shuō)“好了，你知道有句古話(huà)說(shuō)四句諺語(yǔ)(A.Thereisnosmokewithoutfire.無(wú)風(fēng)不起浪。B.Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。C.AllroadsleadtoRome.條條大路通羅馬。D.Nopains,nogains.不付出就沒(méi)收獲)中，顯然只有D才符合上下文的語(yǔ)境。本題不是情景類(lèi)對(duì)話(huà)，而是常用諺語(yǔ)的掌握。SpeakerA:Don'tyousmoke?SpeakerB:.No.Nothinginterestsmelessthansmoking.Yes.Ihaveneversmokedinmylife.No.onlyonceinawhile.Yes.AndIhateotherssmokinginmyface.分析：在本題中的考點(diǎn)是反義疑問(wèn)句的回答，B、C、D明顯矛盾。以下是2009年GCT口語(yǔ)表達(dá)部分SpeakerA:ThankstoJohn,we'velostourmostimportantclient.SpeakerB:Fvetoldyouhe'snotproperfortheposition.SpeakerA:.AIshouldhavelistenedtoyou BIdon'treallyagreewithyouCItdoesn'tmatter.Itrusthim DThankyouforbeingsohelpfulGreg:Hey,Merlin.Tdliketoaskyouaquestion.Merlin:.Greg:Well,I'mthinkingabouttoSweden.What'sthebesttimetogo?ASorry,I'mkindofbusy. BYes,goahead.

COk,what'sup?DYeah,what'sonyourmind?COk,what'sup?Woman:IneedtobuyaweddinggiftforJaneandDesler.Man:Shouldwestopattheshoppingcenter?Woman:.Thewedding'snotuntilnextweek,butIwon'thavetimelatertogetthemanything.A.Won'tbeA.Won'tbenecessaryB.IsupposesoC.It'syourcallD.IfyouinsistC.It'syourcallD.IfyouinsistDonald:Let'seatout,shallwe?Mason:Iambroke.Fvegonethroughmypaycheckfortheweekalready.Donald:Don'tworry..AWecanfindaway.BLet'sAWecanfindaway.BLet'ssplitthebill.CIt'smytreat.DCIt'smytreat.DJustfastfood.Teacher:Richard,classbeginsat9,andyouarelate.Student:Iknow,butImissedmybus.Tmsorry.Teacher:.Youhavetobehereontime.AThat'snoexcuse.BDon'tmentionit.

AThat'snoexcuse.BDon'tmentionit.CYouneedn'tbe.DNoproblem.CYouneedn'tbe.DNoproblem.SpeakerA:Hi.MynameisMark.TmfromHouston,Texas.SpeakerB:I'mBill.Gladtomeetyou.Whatyearareyou?SpeakerA:.AIwasbornin1990.BI'vebeenhereforyears.CTmafirst-yearstudent.DFm19yearsold.SpeakerA:Tmgettingprettybored.Weshoulddosomethingdespitetherain.SpeakerB:.Whatdoyouhaveinmind?AIbackyouup.BWhocares?CIliketherain.DFmwithyou.Man:WehadatriptoSouthAfricathissummer.Woman:Man:Yes,wedid.Infact,weevenencounteredalion.ADidn'tyou?BHowdiditgo?CIguessyoudid.DIbetyouhadagreattime.Man:DoyouknowJason'sphonenumber?Woman:.Man:OK.Imightaswelllookitupinthephonebook.AJustasecond.BNotthatIknowof.CWhyask?DIcan'tthinkofitnow.Interviewer:LetmeseeifIunderstoodyou.Youmeantthatyoucanworkextrahoursifneeded,right?Interviewee:.AYes,nomatterwhatyousay.BYes.Thankyouforyourclarification.CYes.Absolutely.DYes.Yousureunderstandme.六、對(duì)話(huà)理解樣題分析對(duì)話(huà)理解部分不同于以往聽(tīng)力理解，因?yàn)閷?duì)話(huà)的內(nèi)容和問(wèn)題都已出現(xiàn)在試卷上，所以題目和選項(xiàng)的難度都增加了許多?？忌枰斫庾掷镄虚g的意思，聽(tīng)出弦外之音，理解說(shuō)話(huà)人的真實(shí)意圖以及口語(yǔ)中習(xí)語(yǔ)和慣用法。Woman:Ijustfoundatregistrationthatthecreativewritingclassisfull.NowIhavetowaitawholeyeartogetin.Man:Whydon'tyoucheckbackafterthefirstweek?Somebodymightdropit.Question:Whatdoesthemansuggestthemanshoulddo?Makesuretheregistrationofficedidn'tmakeamistake.Decidewhethertodropthecoursenextweek.Findoutifaplaceopensupinthecourselater.Takethecoursenextyear.本題考查對(duì)常見(jiàn)口語(yǔ)表達(dá)方式的理解。Whydon'tyou實(shí)際上是提出肯定的建議，為什么不…呢？Woman:IwanttotalkwithTomnow.Man:Youcan'tdothat.Heisinbadmood.Question:Whycan'tthewomantalkwithTomnow?Tomisterriblyill.Tomisinlowspirits.Tomisbad-temperedTomisverynervous.本題考查對(duì)短語(yǔ)“inbadmood”的理解，beinbadmood=beinlowspirits意為“心情不好”“沒(méi)心情”“沒(méi)情緒”（05樣題考查對(duì)“mean”的理解）Woman:Youoftencomplainalotaboutyourboss.Buttodayyouaredifferent.Man:Wehadaheart-to-hearttalkandIsawhimwithmyeyes.Question:Whatdoesthemanmean?Hesawhisbossasarealpersonforthefirsttime.Heisnowcomplaininginadifferentway.Hehasmadehisbosschangehisattitude.Hehaschangedhisopinionofhisboss.本題考查隱對(duì)男方回答的隱含理解（05樣題第6題也是如此）。男方的回答解釋了自己態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變的原因，也就肯定了女方的看法:Todayyouaredifferent.Woman:Maybeweshouldtakethefrontstreetthismorning.Theannouncersaidthatthetrafficisveryheavyonthefreeway.Man:Well,ifhesaystotakethefrontstreet,weshouldgotheotherway.Question:Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheannouncer?A.He'shumorous. B.Hemakesnomistakes.C.Hedoesn'tspeakclearly.D.He'sunreliable.Well是個(gè)關(guān)鍵的信號(hào)詞，在口語(yǔ)中用來(lái)引進(jìn)一句話(huà)，填補(bǔ)對(duì)話(huà)間的間歇，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人對(duì)方說(shuō)法持有異議，或者猶豫不決，在心里搜索合適的言詞表達(dá)自己想法。“如果他（announcer）說(shuō)走前街的話(huà)，我們就應(yīng)該走相反的方向?！闭f(shuō)明他對(duì)廣播員是信不過(guò)的。Woman:Ididn'tseeyouattheconcertlastnight.What'swrongwithyou?Man:That'snotmycupoftea.Question:Whatdoesthemanmean?Heisnotfondofconcerts.Hedidn'tliketheteaattheconcert.Heleftearlytohavesometeawithsomebodyelse.Hedoesn'twanttotellthewomanwhyhewasnotthere.本題考查對(duì)短語(yǔ)“cupoftea”的理解，這是英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)中一習(xí)用語(yǔ)，指的是“某人喜愛(ài)的人或物”;“notone飛cupoftea”當(dāng)然就是“某人不喜愛(ài)的人或物”。男方是用此習(xí)用語(yǔ)解釋自己昨天沒(méi)去音樂(lè)會(huì)的原因：“那（音樂(lè)會(huì)）不是我喜歡的事?！睂?duì)話(huà)理解5題，習(xí)用語(yǔ)就占了2個(gè)，可見(jiàn)其考試頻率之高。需要指出的是，不管諺語(yǔ)、習(xí)用語(yǔ)，都不在大綱詞匯表中，但并不超綱。我們?cè)賮?lái)看一下大綱關(guān)于口語(yǔ)交際的要求：（1）能用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行日常會(huì)話(huà)。(2)對(duì)于生活、學(xué)習(xí)和工作中的常見(jiàn)英語(yǔ)會(huì)話(huà)，能理解會(huì)話(huà)的情景、說(shuō)話(huà)人的意圖和對(duì)話(huà)的含義，并能恰當(dāng)?shù)剡M(jìn)行口語(yǔ)交流。(3)能正確理解英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的習(xí)慣用法。這就要求我們?cè)谄饺諒?fù)習(xí)、學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中多加積累。(~)常用口語(yǔ)表達(dá)用語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)交際考試項(xiàng)目需要考生較好地了解常用的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)形式。下面總結(jié)了27種不同語(yǔ)境情況下的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)用語(yǔ)，供考生復(fù)習(xí)參考。1.見(jiàn)面時(shí)的對(duì)話(huà)GreetingsGoodmorning.一Goodmorning.Goodafternoon.—Goodafternoon.Goodevening.—Goodevening.Hello.—Hello.Hi.—Hi.)Howareyou?—Fine,(Verywell,Notbad,)thankyou.Andyou?-Justsoso.Ihaveaheadache.—Nottoowell,I'mafraid.How'sBob?How'sthefamily?How'severybodyattheoffice?ExpressingsurpriseandpleasureinseeingsomeoneHello,Jack.Haven'tseenyouforalongtime(ages)!How'severythinggoing?Oh,hello,Wang.Fmsogladtoseeyou.How'reyoudoing?Hi,John!Nicetomeetyouhere.Howareyougettingon?(Howarethingswithyou?)Hi,Mary!Fancyrunningintoyouhere!It'sgreattoseeyouagain.WhathaveyoubeendoingsinceIsawyoulast?2.分手時(shí)的對(duì)話(huà)(1)Announcingthatyoumustbeleaving)Well,Imustbeoff.Good-bye.一Good-bye.)I'mafraidI'vegottobegoingnow.Solong!—Solong!)Well,I'vegottoberunningalong.Cheerio!一Cheerio!)FmafraidImustbegoingnow.Itwasnicemeetingyou.Seeyoulater.一(I'm)gladtohavemetyou,too.Takecare.)Sorry,fllhavetobegoing.It'sgettingverylate.Goodnight.―Goodnight.)Mr.Smith.Thankyouforapleasantevening.Imustbegoingnow.Seeyoutomorrow.一Itwasnicetohaveyou,Mr.Chang.Goodnight.(2)Whentakingone'sleaveWe'llbesorrytoseeyougo.It'sapityyou'releavingsosoon.We'regoingtomissyou,Mr.Smith.Ihopeyou'veenjoyedyourstayinChina.—Icertainlyhave.Ishallneverforgetmyvisittoyourwonderfulcountry.Thankyouforeverythingyou'vedoneformeduringmystayhere.——You'rewelcome.Iwishyouapleasantjourney.-Thankyou.3.相互介紹時(shí)的對(duì)話(huà)Introducingyourself)MayIintroducemyself?I'mChangLan.)Howdoyoudo?MynameisChangLan.)Mr.Jones,Ibelieve?MynameisChangLan.)Hi,Mynameis...IntroducingsomebodyelseMr.Smith,thisisMr.Wang.MayIintroduceyoutoMr.Wang,headoftheFriendshipDelegation?)Mr.Johnson,allowmetointroduceyoutoMr.Wang.Jack,I'dlikeyoutomeetmyChinesefriend,Wang.ExchangeofformalitiesHowdoyoudo?—Howdoyoudo?)(I'm)gladtomeetyou.一(I'm)gladtomeetyou,too.)(Fm)delightedtoknowyou,Mr.Smith.一(I'm)equallydelightedtomeetyou.(I'm)verypleasedtomeetyou.一Thepleasureismine.(It's)nicetomeetyou.—Samehere.4.感謝與回答(1)Thankyou(verymuch)Thanks(alot).)It'sverykind(thoughtful)ofyou!)Howkind(thoughtful)ofyou!(I'mvery)muchobliged(toyou).I'mreallyverygratefultoyou.Ishallalwaysfeelindebtedtoyou.)Thankyouanyway(allthesame).GivinganswersDon'tmentionit.Notatall.You'rewelcome.Surething.fmverygladtohavebeenofhelptoyou.fmsogladyoulikeit.)Thinknothingofit.Thankyouforthetroubleyouhavegoneto.—Notroubleatall.I'malwaysgladtohelpyou.Thankyouforyourhelp.-It'sbeenapleasure(Mypleasure.Withpleasure).一I'mafraidIhaven'tdoneasmuchasIshould.5.道歉與回答(1)ApologizingforbeinglateortroublingsomebodyI'mso(very)sorry,I'mafraidI'mlate.Sorryforbeinglate.Yousee,Iwasheldupbytherain.Imustapologizeforbeinglate.IhopeIhaven'tkeptyouwaitingtoolong.Sorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.——It'sperfectlyallright.—Oh,itdoesn'tmatter.一Notatall.I'msorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.—Notintheleast.一Notabit.——You'rewelcome.)fmsorrytohavetakenupsomuchofyourtime.一Notatall.(2)Apologizingforhavingdonesomethingwrongfmsorry,Iquiteforgot.I'msorry,Iforgotallaboutit.I'msorry,it'smyfault.Ibegyourpardon.DidIhurtyou?I'mawfullysorry.IhopeIhaven'thurtyou.fmterriblysorry.Ihopeitisn'tbroken.Imustapologizeforbeingsocareless.fmsorry.IhopeIhaven'tspoiledit.一Oh,it'snothing.Don'tletalittlethinglikethatworryyou.■-Oh,it'sperfectlyallright.Don'tworryaboutit.―Oh,it'squiteallright.Forgetit!一Itdoesn'tmatter.一Iassureyou,it'snothingatall.—Notintheleast.—Notabit.—Nevermind.—Please,don'tapologize.Itwasreallymyfault.6,請(qǐng)求許可或幫助與回答(1)AskingforpermissionMayIcomein?一Comein(please).一Docomein.MayIopenthewindow?MayIhelpyou?MayIhavealook?MayIinterruptyou?-"Ofcourseyoumay(can).-Yes.(certainly).一Byallmeans.—Pleasedo.-I'msorry.I'mafraid...(Doyou)mindifIsmoke?Doyoumindmysmokinghere?WouldyoumindifIopenedthewindow?)Youdon'tmindifIsmoke,doyou?—Notatall.一Goahead.IwonderifIcould...Ishouldliketo...ifImay.Woulditbepossibletohaveatalkwithyourstudents?一Yes,ofcourse.一Well,I'mafraid...AskingforhelpCouldyoulendmeyourdictionary?一Certainly.CouldItroubleyoutosendthisbookforme?一Sure.I'llbegladto.Iwonderifyouwouldtellme...—Filbedelightedto.一I'dverymuchliketo.Ifitisn'ttootroublesome,could(would)you...Ifit'snottoomuchtroubleI'dliketoaskyou...—Notroubleatall.-You'rewelcome.Domeafavor,willyou?Wouldyoudomeafavor?一Withpleasure.—IwillifIcan.WoulditbeallrightifIaskyoutogetmeapadofwritingpaper?Ifit'sallright,couldItroubleyouwithsomequestions?—That'sallright.一Sure.Filbegladto.WouldyoumindtellingMr.GaothatI'dliketoseehimtomorrowmorning?—Notatall.-I'llbegladto.一I'msorry,Idon'tthinkIcanmanageit.—I'msorry,butPvesomeotherbusinesstoattendto.一I'msorry.IwishIcould.一I'mafraidIwon'tbeableto.7.提建議與回答MakingsuggestionsandoffersShallwe(I)...?Shallwegoandhavelunchnow?Wouldyouliketo...?Wouldyoulike(tohave)acupoftea?Suppose...Supposewegothereonfoot?It'sonlyafewminutes)walk.Will...do?I'dliketohaveatalkwithyou.Shallwefixthetime?Willthiseveningdo?Iwonderif...Iwonderifyoucouldalsocalluphisfamily.Letme...Let's...Letmehelpyouwithyourluggage.Let'sstartateight.)Have...Haveasmoke(acupoftea).)Whynot...?Whynotbuyoneofeachkind?Howabout...?Whatabout...?Howabout(goingfor)aswim?Whataboutthisone?(Wouldyou)carefor...?Wouldyoucareforaswim?Don'tyouthinkitwouldbeagoodideato...?Don'tyouthinkitwouldbeagoodideatogetsomethingtoeatfirst?Isuggestyou(should)do...Isuggestyou(should)visitthedoctorfirst.IfIwereyou,I'ddo...IfIwereyou,I'ddosomethingaboutitrightaway.Doyoumindif...?DoyoumindifIaskBobtocometoo?GivingrepliesToshowacceptanceThatwouldbefine(nice).Thatwouldsuitmefine(verywell).Thatisagoodidea.Good.Allright.Certainly.Yes,let's.Yes,please.Excellent.Yes,thankyou.I'dloveto.Notintheleast.TodeclinesomethingI'msorry,but...;I'mafraidI...;I'dloveto,but...No.thanks.Well,couldwe⑴…？Well,willitbeallrightif...?.與人相約Excuseme,Mr.Smith,butareyoufreethisevening?Doyouhappentobefreethisevening?—Yes.Why?-No.I'vesomethingtoattendto.一Well,I'mfullyengagedthisevening.一I'msorry.I'veanappointmentatseven.Excuseme,Mr.Smith,butcanIspeaktoyouforamoment?Excuseme,Mr.Smith,canyousparemeafewminutes?There'ssomethingI'dliketospeaktoyouabout.Iwon'tkeepyoulong.一Yes,ofcourse.一Yes,goahead.——Well,I'mafraidwehavetofindsomeothertime.I'mfullyoccupiednow.—Well,I'mterriblybusyrightnow.Perhapswecanarrangetohavethetalksometimethisafternoon.Iknowyou'reverybusybutthere'ssomethingratherurgentIwanttotalktoyouabout.WillitbeallrightifIcomeroundintheevening?—Sure.I'llbeexpectingyou.—Excellent.WhattimeshallIexpectyou?—Fine.Would8:00o'clockbeallrightforyou?—Well,I'llhaveanimportantmeetingtoattendthisevening.Willtomorrowmorningsuityou?I'dliketotalktoProf.Reeds.Couldyouarrangeitforme?(Speakingtoasecretary).—Yes.ofcourse.Wouldtomorrowafternoonbeconvenientforyou?—Withpleasure.Whatabout3:00o'clocktomorrowafternoon?一Sure.Isupposeyoucouldcomeroundatthreetomorrowafternoon.MayImakeanappointmentforsometimeearlythisafternoon?(Speakingtoareceptionist).IwonderifIcouldarrangeameetingwithMr.Smithforsometimeearlythisafternoon.一Ofcourseyoumay(can,etc).—Fmsorry.Alltheappointmentsarefilled.——Letmesee.Thisafternoonisallbookedup.-I'mafraidhecan'tmakeitbefore5:00.Fmsorry,butsomethingunexpectedhascomeupandIwon'tbeabletokeepmyappointmentwithyouthisafternoon.Iwonderifwecouldchangethetimeofourmeetingtosometimetomorrowmorning,say,9:00o'clock.Couldwepostponeourmeetingto9:00o'clocktomorrowmorning?—Yes,certainly.—I'mafraidIcan'tmakeit9:00.Whatabout10:00?-I'msorry,Iwon'tbefreeuntil9:30.Let'smakeit10:00..問(wèn)路GoingonfootAskingdirectionsExcuseme.CouldyoutellmehowtogettothePeaceHotel?Pardonme.CanyoutellmewherethePeaceHotelis?Excuseme.Fmtryingtolocatethisaddress.Excuseme.CanyoutellmethewaytothePeaceHotel?Givingdirections——Justgoalongthisroaduntilyoucometoaplacewheretheroadforks.Taketheroadtoyourright.TheHotelisaboutfiftymetersdowntheroadontheleft-handside.—Justgostraightdownthisstreettillyouseeatallbuilding.Turnleftatthefirsttrafficlightsthereandkeepongoingtillyouseeabigsignboard.TheHotelisjustnexttoit.—Walkonashortdistance,turnrightatthecorner.Theplaceyouwantisonlyafewstepsaheadonyourright.一Gostraightalongthisstreetforabout300yards,thenwhenyoucometoabridge,walkacrossitandturnleft.Afteryouturn,walkforanothersixorsevenminutes,andthen...—JustwalkacrossthestreetandgoaroundthecorneronRockhillRoad.Walkoneblockeast,takearightat20th,thenwalkabouthalfablock.It'srightinthemiddleoftheblock.GoingbybusExcuseme.DoesthisbusgotothePeaceHotel?—Yes.TheHotelisthethirdstop.一No.You'llhavetotaketheNo.3bus.Thebusstopisjustaroundthecorner.)Excuseme.CanIgettothePeaceHotelbybus?Excuseme.CouldyoutellmeifthisiswhereIcancatchabustothePeaceHotel?一Yes.TaketheNo.4bus.一Yes,butyou'llhavetochangebusesatMarketStreet.—Yes,butyou'llhavetochangefromtheNo.3bustotheNo.6busatMarketStreet.一Yes.TaketheNo.4trolley-busandgetoffatMarketStreet,andthenwalkafewyardsandthereyouare.—Yes.TaketheNo.4bustoMarketStreetandchangetheretotheNo.8bus.—Yes.Allthebusesgopastthere.Getoffatthefirststop.—No.There'snobusgoinginthatdirection.—No,butyoucantakethesubway.Thenearestsubwaystationisjustaboutablockdownfromhere.Excuseme.CanyoutellmewherethebusstopgoingtothePeaceHotelis?Excuseme.CanyoutellmewhereIgetthebustothePeaceHotel?—Yes.ThebusstopisoverthereacrossthestreetinfrontoftheDepartmentStore.一Yes.Walktwoblocksandturnrightandyou'llfindabusstopsign.TaketheNo.3bus,whichgoestothePeaceHotel.10.邀請(qǐng)Wouldyouliketojoin...?I'llbehappyifyoucancometothe...Let'sgoandhavesomething.Weshouldbedelightedifyoucould...WouldyoubefreetoaconcertonSunday?Whataboutgoingto...?Whynotjoin...?.祝愿和祝賀Wishyoueverysuccess! (2)Goodlucktoyou.Wishingyougoodluck(forever).(4)Letmewishyouthebestofeverything.Mayyousucceedatwhateveryoutry.(6)Mayallyourwishescometrue.Iwishyoueveryfortuneandeverysuccess.MayyourChristmasbefilledwithjoyandwarmth!Hopetheholidaysfindyouhappyandhealthy.IfonlyIhadmoretime,Icoulddoit.KeepmyfingerscrossedthatI'llwinthefirstprize.I'msureyou'llbehappytogether.Youmakeagreatcouple.Iwanttocongratulateyouwithallmyheart.Pleasesendhimmycongratulations.Whatmarvelousnews!.打電話(huà)MayIspeakto...? (2)Speaking.(3)IsRogerthere? (4)Yes,speaking.Hi,myhandsaretied,fllgetbacktoyouinaminute.CanIcallback?Somethinghascomeup.CanIhaveyournameandtelephonenumber?I'mafraidyou'vegotthewrongnumber.Hangonasecond/amoment.(10)Wouldyouliketohold?Holdtheline,please.He'snotavailablenow.CanItakeamessage?Longdistancecallfrom...ShouldItellhimyou'llcallback,ordoyouwanthimtocallyou?Johnisonanotherlinenow.Canyouholdon?13.看病(1)What'sthematter? (2)What'sthetroublewithyou?(3)Whatseemstobethetrouble?(4)Idon'tfeellikeeating.Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?(6)I'vebeensickforaday.IthurtsmewhenIbreathe.(8)Ifeelfeverish.Edliketorunsometests.(10)I'dliketotakeabloodsample.(11)Takethemedicine,andyou'llbebetter.(12)Heisupandaboutnow.14.吃飯(1)Couldyoushowusthemenu?(2)Wouldyouliketoseethemenu?(3)Areyoureadytoorder?(4)Whatdoyourecommend?Whichdoyouprefer?Howwouldyoulikethatprepared/done?Whatwouldyouliketodrink,teaorcoffee?Whatisyourfavorite...? (9)Let'sgrabsomethingtoeat!WewillgoDutch. (11)Tonight'sonme.Filtakecareofthebill/check.(13)Bringmethebill/check,please.15.購(gòu)物(2)Wehaveaclearancesale(1)May/Can1helpyou?today.(2)Wehaveaclearancesale(3)Thepricewillgodown.(4)Pleasetryiton.(5)I'veseenthischeaperinotherplaces.(6)Couldyoubringthepricedown?Thatisasteal. (8)It'salittleoverpriced.Doyouknowwhatsizeyouare?I'mafraidwedon'thaveitinstock.(11)Doyouhavethisinstock?Doyouhavethisinblue?(13)Howwillyoupayforthis?Cashback? (15)Whatadeal!16.談?wù)撎鞖釮aveyouheardtheweatherforecast?(2)Whatdoestheweatherforecastsay?Whatwillitbeaftertheclearweather?(4)Itsaysastormmaycomesoon.Howlongwillthishotweatherlast?(6)Ihopeitstaysniceforthewholemonth.(7)It'swonderfulaftertherain.(8)Autumnisthebestseasonhere.(9)Ithasturnedouttobeaniceday.(10)Itseemstobeclearingup.

It'shotlikeovennowinthispartofthecountry.We'llhavefineweatherforthenextfewdays.17.勸告和建議(1)IfIwereyou,I'dphonehimnow.(2)WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?Iadviseyoutoseeadoctor.IIadviseyoutoseeadoctor.IwouldtryagainifIwereyou.(5)Shouldwegonow?((5)Shouldwegonow?(6)WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?(7)Whydon'tyougotobedearlier?(8)Howaboutgoingtoaconcert?(9)Idon'tthinkitisverypractical.(10)Irecommendyoutogiveupsmoking.(11)Isn'tthereanythingelseIcoulddo?18.表示態(tài)度18.表示態(tài)度(1)It'scool!(3)Itisrighteous!(5)That'sincredible!brilliant/great/terrific/...!(7)Itisaterrificgame.(9)That'ssostupid!(2)Itisneat!(4)That'sgreat!( 6 )Youare(8)Youscaredme!(10)It'sapieceofcake.19.表示生氣(1)Whatdoyouthinkyouaredoing?(2)Isimplycan'tbeartoseeherbehavior.(3)I'mveryannoyedat...toseeherbehavior.(3)I'mveryannoyedat...(5)That'swhatgetsmedown.(7)I'vehadenoughofyou.(9)Itmakesmesick!20.表示失望(4)Fmfedupwith...(6)Iwillnotputupwith...(8)Whodoyouthinkyouare?(10)Ivehadenoughofyour...(1)I'dexpectittobemoreexciting.(2)Itwasn'tasgoodasI'dexpected.(3)Herperformancecouldhavebeenbetter.(4)That'sareallet-down.(5)Iwishfdrealizedit. (6)Thestorywasn'tuptomuch.(7)I'veneverfeltsoletdownbefore.21.表示抱怨(1)1wanttomakeacomplaintabout... (2)What'sthepointoftalkingaboutit?(3)I'vejusthadenoughofthat!(4)Sheisalltalking.Iwishyouwouldcomehereearliernexttime.Youshouldhaveseenthemess.22.表示同情(1)I'msorrytohearaboutit.(2)Youmustbefeelingbad/terribleabout...(4)Don'tletitgetyou(3)Don'ttakeittoomuchtoheart,down.(4)Don'tletitgetyouIt'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.(6)Itcouldhavehappenedtoanybody.Youcan'twinthemallthetime.(8)Youmustbeannoyedabout...Iamdeeplysorrytolearn/hearabout...(10)Idohopeit'snothingserious.(11)Whatbadluck! (12)IsthereanywayIcanhelp?23.表示鼓勵(lì)(1)Comeon.Beaman! (2)That'sbetterthanIcando.(3)Ibelieveyoucanimproveit.(4)Ithin